KR20000019006A - Charging method of lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Charging method of lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20000019006A
KR20000019006A KR1019980036909A KR19980036909A KR20000019006A KR 20000019006 A KR20000019006 A KR 20000019006A KR 1019980036909 A KR1019980036909 A KR 1019980036909A KR 19980036909 A KR19980036909 A KR 19980036909A KR 20000019006 A KR20000019006 A KR 20000019006A
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South Korea
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charging
current
voltage
battery
constant current
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KR1019980036909A
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Korean (ko)
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오장근
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구자홍
엘지전자 주식회사
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Priority to KR1019980036909A priority Critical patent/KR20000019006A/en
Publication of KR20000019006A publication Critical patent/KR20000019006A/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for charging a lithium ion battery is provided to reduce charge time to a contact charge rate by controlling a constant voltage of a battery by setting up a section of the constant voltage in a battery limit voltage level. CONSTITUTION: A method for charging a lithium ion battery comprises the steps of setting multi-level static current having static current charge intervals by each set current value, performing the multi-level from a constant current level set to a maximal current value, performing the multi-level from a lower current value than a current value of a constant current level, and completing charge.

Description

리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법Charging method of lithium ion battery

본 발명은 리튬 이온 전지(Li-ion battery)의 충전율 향상을 위한 충전 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a charging method for improving the charging rate of a lithium ion battery.

최근, 셀롤라 폰(cellular phone) 등과 같은 이동전화기기, 핸드 PC 와 같은 휴대용 기기의 보급이 증가하게 되면서, 휴대용 이동제품의 전원 공급장치로 2차 전지가 필수적으로 사용되고 있다.Recently, as the spread of mobile devices such as cellular phones and portable devices such as hand PCs increases, secondary batteries are essentially used as power supply devices for portable mobile products.

이와 같이 휴대용 이동 제품이 늘어나면서, 전지의 사용은 점차 증가하게 되며, 전지의 수명 및 1회 충전에 얼마나 오랜시간을 사용할 수 있는 가에 많은 기술개발이 이루어지고 있다.As the portable mobile products increase as described above, the use of batteries gradually increases, and a lot of technical developments are being made in how long a battery can be used and how long it can be used for a single charge.

일반적으로 대용량인 리튬-이온 전지가 많이 사용되고 있는 데, 본 발명은 충전율을 향상시키고, 동일한 충전율에 도달하는 시간을 단축시킬 수 있도록 하는 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법에 관한 것이다.In general, a large-capacity lithium-ion battery is widely used, and the present invention relates to a charging method of a lithium ion battery that can improve the charging rate and shorten the time to reach the same charging rate.

도 1은 종래 전지 충전 방식을 나타낸 파형도로서,1 is a waveform diagram showing a conventional battery charging method,

이와 같은 충전방식은 일반적으로 적용되는 CC-CV(Constant Current, Constant Voltage) 충전방식으로, 정전압 및 정전류 방식을 병행하여 사용하는 충전방식이다.Such a charging method is a CC-CV (Constant Current, Constant Voltage) charging method generally applied, and is a charging method using a constant voltage and a constant current method in parallel.

도 1에서와 같이, 일정전지 전압에 도달할때까지 최대 전류로 충전을 실행하고, 일정전지 전압에 도달하게 되면, 점차로 충전전류를 감소시키면서 충전을 실행하게 된다.As shown in FIG. 1, charging is performed at the maximum current until the constant battery voltage is reached, and when the constant battery voltage is reached, charging is gradually performed while decreasing the charging current.

도 2는 도 1에서와 같은 충전 구간을 단계별로 충전시간과의 관계를 나타낸 도면으로, 단계1에서는 정전류로 충전제한 전압까지 전지전압을 상승시킨다.2 is a view showing the relationship between the charging time step by step in the charging section as shown in Figure 1, in step 1 increases the battery voltage up to the charge limit voltage to a constant current.

이와 같은 일정 전압까지 전압이 상승되면, 단계 2에서 전지가 포화되어 점차로 충전전류를 감소하면서 충전을 실행하게 되고, 이때 최대 전지전압에 도달하게 된다.When the voltage rises to such a constant voltage, the battery is saturated in step 2, and charging is performed while gradually decreasing the charging current, at which time the maximum battery voltage is reached.

이후, 전지전압에 따라 보충충전을 실시하게 되는 데, 이는 리튬 이온 전지는 과전압에 의한 과충전을 할 수 없으며, 트리클 충전은 전지에 손상을 주게 되므로, 트리클 충전을 적용하지 않고(No trickel charge applied), 보충충전을 실행하게 된다.Subsequently, supplementary charging is performed according to battery voltage, which means that lithium-ion batteries cannot overcharge due to overvoltage, and trickle charge damages the battery, so that trickle charge is not applied (No trickel charge applied). In this case, supplementary charging is performed.

여기서, 트리클 충전이라함은 비상용 전극으로서 축전지를 사용하는 경우 그것을 언제나 충전상태로 유지하기 위하여 자기 방전의 전류에 가까운 크기의 충전 전류를 끊임없이 흘려두는 방법을 말하는 것이다.Here, the trickle charge refers to a method of continuously flowing a charging current of a magnitude close to that of the self-discharge in order to always keep it charged when using the battery as an emergency electrode.

이상에서와 같이, 정전류 충전구간(단계 1)은 낮은 0.5C rate 이하 정전류 충전으로, 정전류 시간이 1시간 정도 유지가 되므로, 정전류 충전이후 토핑 충전(Topping charge)이 되는 구간(단계 2)이 상대적으로 길고, 충전의 종료를 시간 혹은 전류를 감지하여 제어하기 때문에 종래의 충전방식인 정전류, 정전압 충전방식에서는 충전율과 시간은 정비례하는 요소가 되는 것이다.As described above, the constant current charging section (step 1) is a constant current charging at a low 0.5C rate or less, so that the constant current time is maintained for about 1 hour, so that the section (step 2) that becomes the topping charge after the constant current charging is relatively As long as the end of charging is controlled by sensing the time or the current, the charging rate and the time become a directly proportional factor in the constant current and constant voltage charging methods.

이와 같은 방법을 적용한 충전기에서는 100분 충전시 충전율이 약 85% 이하이며, 적어도 90%이상 충전을 하기 위해서는 130분이상 충전을 해야하므로, 전지를 충전하는데 많은 시간이 소요된다.In the charger using the method described above, the charging rate is about 85% or less after 100 minutes of charging, and at least 90% of charging is required to charge the battery at least 90%.

본 발명은 전지 제한 전압까지의 정전류 충전이후 정전압 충전구간에서 충전전류를 계단형으로 점차 줄이면서 충전이 이루어질 수 있도록 하는 개념의 기술적 사상을 갖는 것으로, 단계적인 정전류 구간을 설정하여 전지 제한 전압 수준에서 전지의 정전압 제어가 이루어지도록 하므로써, 일정한 충전율까지 충전시간을 단축시킬 수 있도록 하며, 종래와 동일시간에 보다 높은 충전율을 갖을 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention has a technical concept of the concept that the charging can be performed while gradually reducing the charging current in the constant voltage charging section after the constant current charging up to the battery limit voltage, by setting a step-by-step constant current section at the battery limit voltage level By controlling the constant voltage of the battery, it is possible to shorten the charging time up to a constant charging rate, and to have a higher charging rate at the same time as in the prior art.

도 1은 종래 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법에 있어, 충전 전류와 충전 전압의 관계를 나타낸 파형도.1 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between a charging current and a charging voltage in a conventional charging method of a lithium ion battery.

도 2는 도 1에서와 같은 충전 구간을 단계별로 충전시간과의 관계를 나타낸 도면.2 is a view showing a relationship with a charging time step by step in the same charging section as in FIG.

도 3은 본 발명 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법에 있어, 충전 전류와 충전 전압과의 관계를 나타낸 파형도.3 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between a charging current and a charging voltage in the charging method of the lithium ion battery of the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법에 있어, 충전 과정의 실행수순을 나타낸 플로우챠트.Figure 4 is a flow chart showing the execution procedure of the charging process in the charging method of the lithium ion battery of the present invention.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은,The present invention for achieving the above object,

각 설정된 전류값에 의한 정전류 충전구간을 갖는 다단의 정전류 단계를 설정하고, 최대 전류값으로 설정된 정전류 단계부터 실행하여 전지 충전전압이 최대 충전제한 전압을 초과하지 않도록 실행중인 정전류 단계의 전류값보다 낮은 전류값순서대로 정전류 단계를 실행하여 충전을 완료하도록 함을 특징으로 한다.Set the multi-stage constant current stage with the constant current charging section by each set current value, and execute from the constant current stage set to the maximum current value so that the battery charging voltage is lower than the current value of the running constant current stage so as not to exceed the maximum charge limit voltage. Characterized by the constant current step in the order of the current value to complete the charging.

본 발명은 설정된 최대 충전전류로써, 최대 충전제한 전압까지 전지 전압을 상승시킨후, 최대 충전 제한 전압을 넘지 않도록 단계적으로 충전 전류를 줄이면서 충전을 실행하도록 하는 것이다.According to the present invention, after the battery voltage is raised to the maximum charging limit voltage, the charging is performed while the charging current is gradually reduced so as not to exceed the maximum charging limit voltage.

도 3은 본 발명 충전 방법을 적용한 충전 전류와 충전 전압과의 관계를 나타낸 파형도로서, 충전전류는 단계적으로 충전전류를 감소시키는 계단형 구조를 갖음을 알 수 있다.3 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the charging current and the charging voltage to which the present invention charging method is applied, and it can be seen that the charging current has a stepped structure that reduces the charging current in stages.

도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 처음 인가한 전류가 끝나는 시점인 전지 전압이 4.25[V]까지 올라간때에 다음 단계의 낮은 정전류를 다시 인가하게 된다.As shown in FIG. 3, when the battery voltage, which is the end point of the first applied current, rises to 4.25 [V], the low constant current of the next step is applied again.

즉, 처음 1.8[A]의 전류를 인가한 후 전압이 4.25[V]로 인가하면, 다음 단계의 설정된 전류인 1.5[A]를 흘려 전압이 4.25[V]가 넘지 않도록 하고, 다시 전지의 전압이 4.25[V]로 올라가면 인가한 전류보다 낮은 전류값을 갖는 다음 단계의 전류를 흘려주도록 함을 반복하여 충전을 진행하게 된다.That is, if the voltage is applied to 4.25 [V] after applying the current of 1.8 [A] for the first time, the voltage does not exceed 4.25 [V] by flowing 1.5 [A], the set current of the next step, and again the voltage of the battery. When it rises to 4.25 [V], charging is repeated by flowing the current of the next step having a current value lower than the applied current.

도 3에 도시된 바와 같은 실시예에 있어서는 상기한 바와 같은 정전류 단계를 12단계로 설정한 예이며, 전지의 용량에 따라서 초기 시작 전류를 설정하여 전류의 단계는 설정되는 전류값에 따라서 다양하게 적용할 수 있다.In the embodiment as shown in Figure 3 is an example in which the constant current step as described above is set to 12 steps, the initial start current is set according to the capacity of the battery and the step of the current is variously applied according to the set current value can do.

본 실시예에 있어서는 최대 충전시 전압이 4.25[V]인 경우인데, 이는 4.2[V]로 충전이 제한되는 전지에서 공차로 0.5[V]를 주어 전지의 충전시 전압은 4.2[V]~4.25[V]까지 가변이 가능한 것이다.In this embodiment, the maximum charging voltage is 4.25 [V], which is 0.5 [V] to the tolerance of the battery which is limited to 4.2 [V], and the charging voltage of the battery is 4.2 [V]-4.25. Variable up to [V] is possible.

이때, 4.1[V]로 충전이 제한되는 전지일 경우에는 충전시 전압이 4.1[V]~에서 4.15[V]까지의 전압의 가변이 가능하게 되는 것이다.In this case, when the battery is limited to 4.1 [V], it is possible to change the voltage from 4.1 [V] to 4.15 [V] during charging.

이와 같이 본 발명은 전지의 충전시 종래의 정전압, 정전류 충전방식에서 정전류 충전구간이 지나고, 정전압구간으로 넘어가는 시점에서 다시 낮은 정전류를 흘려주어 계속하여 정전류 방식을 유지해 나간다는 것으로,As described above, according to the present invention, when the battery is charged, the constant current charging section passes in the conventional constant voltage and constant current charging method, and the constant current method is continuously maintained by flowing low constant current again at the time when the battery is crossed to the constant voltage section.

전지의 전압이 어느수준에 다다르면, 전지의 전압은 그 수준으로 유지시키고 전류는 줄여나가는 정전압 방식대신 전압이 어느 수준에 이르거나, 또는 전류가 어느 시점에서 떨어지기 시작하여 정전류를 계속해서 인가할 수 없는 경우, 다음 단계의 낮은 전류를 흘려 충전을 실행하는 것이다.When the voltage of the battery reaches a certain level, instead of the constant voltage method that maintains the voltage of the battery and reduces the current, the constant current can be applied continuously when the voltage reaches a certain level or the current starts to fall at a certain point. If no, the next step is to run low current to charge.

도 4는 본 발명의 충전 실행수순을 나타낸 플로우챠트로서, 상기에서 설명한 바와 같이, 충전시 전지 최대 전압을 넘지 않도록 각 정전류 단계를 실행하고, 모든 정전류 단계의 실행이 완료되거나, 일정시간(100분)이 경과하면 충전과정을 완료하도록 하는 것이다.4 is a flowchart showing a charging execution procedure of the present invention. As described above, each constant current step is executed so as not to exceed the battery maximum voltage during charging, and execution of all constant current steps is completed or a predetermined time (100 minutes). ) Is to complete the charging process.

여기서, 모든 정전류 단계의 실행후 또는 일정시간(100분)이 경과할때, 충전과정을 종료하는 것은, 이러한 경우에 최대 전지전압까지의 충전이 완료되지 않는다는 것은 전지의 수명 등 기타 다른 조건에 따라 결정되는 경우가 있으므로, 충전과정을 종료하게 되는 것이다.Here, the completion of the charging process after the execution of all the constant current steps or after a predetermined time (100 minutes), in which case the charging to the maximum battery voltage is not completed in accordance with other conditions such as the life of the battery As it is determined, the charging process is terminated.

이상에서 충전방법을 적용하게 되면, 종래의 정전류, 정전압 충전방식에 비해 충전율이 향상되며, 실험치로서 종래 충전방법에 의한 충전율이 85%인 정도에 반해 본 발명을 적용한 충전에 있어서는 약 90~92%의 충전 효율을 갖는다.When the charging method is applied as above, the charging rate is improved compared to the conventional constant current and constant voltage charging methods, and as an experimental value, the charging rate according to the present invention is about 90 to 92% as opposed to about 85% by the conventional charging method. Has a charging efficiency.

따라서, 이와 같은 충전 방법을 적용한 충전기를 적용하면, 셀롤라폰, 휴대용 PC 등의 휴대용 제품의 1회 충전시 사용시간을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.Therefore, applying the charger to which such a charging method is applied, there is an effect that it is possible to improve the use time when charging a portable product such as a cell phone, a portable PC and the like once.

Claims (2)

각 설정된 전류값에 의한 정전류 충전구간을 갖는 다단의 정전류 단계를 설정하고, 최대 전류값으로 설정된 정전류 단계부터 실행하여 전지 충전전압이 최대 충전제한 전압을 초과하지 않도록 실행중인 정전류 단계의 전류값보다 낮은 전류값순서대로 정전류 단계를 실행하여 충전을 완료하도록 함을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법.Set the multi-stage constant current stage with the constant current charging section by each set current value, and execute from the constant current stage set to the maximum current value so that the battery charging voltage is lower than the current value of the running constant current stage so as not to exceed the maximum charge limit voltage. A charging method of a lithium ion battery, characterized in that the charging is completed by performing a constant current step in the order of the current value. 제 1항에 있어서, 설정된 충전 시간이 경과하면 최대 충전 전압에 도달하지 않더라도 충전을 종료하도록 함을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이온 전지의 충전 방법.The charging method of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the charging is terminated even if the maximum charging voltage has not been reached.
KR1019980036909A 1998-09-08 1998-09-08 Charging method of lithium ion battery KR20000019006A (en)

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KR100390362B1 (en) * 2000-09-26 2003-07-07 엘지전자 주식회사 Control method for battery charging of mobile phone having charger
WO2011053280A1 (en) * 2009-10-27 2011-05-05 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Battery-controlled charging of a rechargeable battery
KR101036085B1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-05-23 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Method of charging battery pack and battery pack
KR101068619B1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-09-28 주식회사 엘지화학 Secondary battery improving charge-rate
WO2013051863A2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-11 주식회사 엘지화학 Apparatus and method for charging a battery
WO2013183952A1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-12 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for charging secondary battery
US9184615B2 (en) 2012-08-29 2015-11-10 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Battery pack and method of controlling the same
KR20170051031A (en) 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus of charging battery
KR101971583B1 (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-04-24 휠링보장구협동조합 Charging appartus of electric-driven assisting device
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100390362B1 (en) * 2000-09-26 2003-07-07 엘지전자 주식회사 Control method for battery charging of mobile phone having charger
KR101068619B1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-09-28 주식회사 엘지화학 Secondary battery improving charge-rate
KR101036085B1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-05-23 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Method of charging battery pack and battery pack
US8686690B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-04-01 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Method of charging battery pack and battery pack
WO2011053280A1 (en) * 2009-10-27 2011-05-05 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Battery-controlled charging of a rechargeable battery
CN102577009A (en) * 2009-10-27 2012-07-11 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 Battery-controlled charging of a rechargeable battery
WO2013051863A2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-11 주식회사 엘지화학 Apparatus and method for charging a battery
WO2013051863A3 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-07-04 주식회사 엘지화학 Apparatus and method for charging a battery
US9190863B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2015-11-17 Lg Chem, Ltd. Apparatus and method for charging battery by lowering charge power in phase
KR101419749B1 (en) * 2011-10-04 2014-08-13 주식회사 엘지화학 Apparatus and method for battery charging
CN104335445A (en) * 2012-06-07 2015-02-04 株式会社Lg化学 Method for charging secondary battery
WO2013183952A1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-12 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for charging secondary battery
US9490642B2 (en) 2012-06-07 2016-11-08 Lg Chem, Ltd. Charging method of secondary battery with constant current using high charge rate
US9184615B2 (en) 2012-08-29 2015-11-10 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Battery pack and method of controlling the same
KR20170051031A (en) 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus of charging battery
US10536018B2 (en) 2015-11-02 2020-01-14 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Battery charging method and apparatus
US11050285B2 (en) 2015-11-02 2021-06-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Battery charging method and apparatus
KR101971583B1 (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-04-24 휠링보장구협동조합 Charging appartus of electric-driven assisting device
KR20210049709A (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-05-06 베이징 시아오미 모바일 소프트웨어 컴퍼니 리미티드 Battery charging method, battery charging device and storage medium
US11411422B2 (en) 2019-10-23 2022-08-09 Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. Battery charging method, battery charging apparatus and storage medium

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