KR19990064939A - The hybrid waste water treatment method using the submerged membrane process combined with activated carbon - Google Patents
The hybrid waste water treatment method using the submerged membrane process combined with activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990064939A KR19990064939A KR1019990018905A KR19990018905A KR19990064939A KR 19990064939 A KR19990064939 A KR 19990064939A KR 1019990018905 A KR1019990018905 A KR 1019990018905A KR 19990018905 A KR19990018905 A KR 19990018905A KR 19990064939 A KR19990064939 A KR 19990064939A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005757 colony formation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 64
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299906 Cucumis sativus var. sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001691 amnion Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/305—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the denitrification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
- C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 침지형 막분리공정(물리적처리)과 활성탄흡착공정(생물학적처리)을 혼합한 혼합형 고도처리(Hybrid Membrane bioreactor)공정을 이용한 오폐수정화 처리기술의 일종으로서 오염물질의 생물학적 산화 분해과정을 수행하는 활성화 된 미생물군 (활성슬러지)과 기타 입자성분 들을 분리막을 통하여 처리수와 배제 분리시킴으로써 고도의 수질을 얻을 수 있도록 하는 오폐수처리용 활성탄 막분리 혼합 처리 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is a kind of wastewater purification treatment technology using a hybrid Membrane bioreactor process in which an immersion membrane separation process (physical treatment) and an activated carbon adsorption process (biological treatment) are performed. The present invention relates to an activated carbon membrane separation and treatment method for wastewater treatment to obtain a high quality of water by excluding activated microorganisms (activated sludge) and other particle components from treated water through a separation membrane.
본 발명의 제1특징은 막분리폭기조(14) 내부에 활성탄혼합투입조(10)로 부터 활성탄을 직접 투입 함을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리용 활성탄 막분리 혼합 처리 방법이고, 제2특징은 막분리폭기조(14) 내부의 호기성 활성탄 슬러지를 혐기성 소화조 역할을 하는 활성탄오니농축조(13)로 이송하여 생물학적 탈질반응과 동시에 활성탄흡착능력을 회복하도록 함을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리용 활성탄 막분리 혼합 처리 방법이며, 제3특징은 활성탄오니농축조(혐기소화조)(13)와 호기성 막분리폭기조(14)로의 순환 및 반송에 의하여 막분리폭기조(14) 내의 미생물농도를 일정하게 유지시키도록 함을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리용 활성탄 막분리 혼합 처리 방법이다.The first aspect of the present invention is activated carbon membrane separation and mixing treatment method for wastewater treatment, characterized in that the activated carbon directly from the activated carbon mixing input tank 10 into the membrane separation aeration tank 14, the second characteristic is membrane separation The aerobic activated carbon sludge inside the aeration tank 14 is transferred to an activated carbon sludge concentration tank 13 serving as an anaerobic digestion tank 13 to recover activated carbon adsorption capacity simultaneously with biological denitrification. The third feature is wastewater characterized in that the microbial concentration in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 is kept constant by circulation and conveyance to the activated carbon sludge concentration tank (anaerobic digestion tank) 13 and the aerobic membrane separation aeration tank 14. Activated carbon membrane separation treatment method for treatment.
위와 같은 본 발명은 활성탄을 폭기조에 직접 투입하여 담체역할을 수행함으로써 미생물들의 군락 형성을 활성화 시키고, 활성탄 표면에 미생물막(Bio film)을 생성시킴으로써 용존 유기물질의 제거율을 향상시킴과 동시에 폭기조 하부로부터의 폭기에 의하여 발생된 상향수류에 의한 막면세척 효과를 얻을 수 있다.The present invention as described above is activated carbon directly into the aeration tank to act as a carrier to activate the colony formation of microorganisms, and to create a microbial film (Bio film) on the surface of the activated carbon to improve the removal rate of dissolved organic substances and at the same time from the bottom of the aeration tank Membrane cleaning effect can be obtained by the upflow generated by aeration.
Description
본 발명은 최근에 개발된 침지형 막분리공정(물리적처리)과 활성탄흡착공정(생물학적처리)을 혼합한 새로운 차원의 혼합형 고도처리(Hybrid Membrane bioreactor)공정을 이용한 오폐수정화 처리기술의 일종으로서 오염물질의 생물학적 산화 분해과정을 수행하는 활성화 된 미생물군 (활성슬러지)과 기타 입자성분 들을 분리막을 통하여 처리수와 배제 분리시킴으로서 고도의 수질을 얻을 수 있도록 하는 오폐수처리용 활성탄-막분리 혼합 처리 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is a kind of wastewater purification treatment technology using a hybrid Membrane bioreactor process that combines the recently developed immersion membrane separation process (physical treatment) and activated carbon adsorption process (biological treatment). The present invention relates to a method for treating activated carbon-membrane separation for wastewater treatment, by which activated microorganisms (activated sludge) and other particle components which perform biological oxidative decomposition processes and exclusion are separated from treated water through a membrane. .
기존의 활성오니와 고정상 접촉여재에 의한 처리는 각종 오.폐수 처리 공법 중의 생물학적 접촉폭기법의 일종으로 여재의 표면에 미생물막을 형성시켜 그 미생물과 오폐수를 접촉시킴으로서 오폐수 중의 오염물질을 생물화학적으로 산화분해시키는 정화 방법으로서 상대적으로 긴 체류시간이 필요하므로 소요부지면적이 크고 유량이나 농도부하에 취약하여 유지관리면에서 여러 가지 어려움이 따른는 것이었다.Conventional treatment with active sludge and fixed-phase contact media is a kind of biological contact aeration method in various wastewater treatment methods, which forms a microbial film on the surface of the media and contacts the microorganisms and wastewater to biochemically oxidize contaminants in the wastewater. As the purification method to decompose requires a relatively long residence time, the required area is large and it is vulnerable to the flow rate or concentration load, which leads to various difficulties in maintenance.
그리고, 기존의 고도처리(Membrane bioreactor) 공정은 미생물이 활성화 되어 있는 폭기조 내부로 부터 처리대상 원수를 순환 교차 흐름 방식의 여과막 유니트에 가압방식으로 밀어넘으로써 인입된 처리 대상 원수 중의 일부만 여과 되고 대부분이 재순환을 반복적으로 수행하면서 순처적으로 처리수량을 얻을 수 있었다.In addition, the existing membrane bioreactor process pushes the raw water from the inside of the aeration tank in which microorganisms are activated to the circulating cross-flow filter membrane unit by pressurized method, so that only a part of the raw water to be treated is filtered and most of it is filtered. Through repeated recycling, the throughput was obtained sequentially.
이는 가압여과 방식에서 급속한 막여과 속도에 의하여 막의 눈막힘이나 막오염을 방지하기 위함이다.This is to prevent membrane clogging or membrane fouling by rapid membrane filtration rate in the pressure filtration method.
그러나, 가압방식으로 여과하면 높은 동력유지비와 막오염의 가능성이 커지고 주기적인 역세와 순환여과가 이루어져야 함으로 운전효율이 상대적으로 떨어지게 된다.However, if the filtration by the pressurized method increases the possibility of high power maintenance ratio and membrane contamination, and the periodic backwash and circulation filtration must be performed, the operation efficiency is relatively reduced.
이런 단점을 보완한 막분리처리장치로는 도1에서 막분리폭기조(14)의 저부 수중에 막유니트(4)를 침적하여 막유니트(4)에 접속한 취수관의 도중에 흡입여과펌프(7)를 설치하여 펌프를 간헐적으로 운전하여 막유니트를 구성한 복수의 막 엘레멘트를 투과한 투과수를 채수하는 방법이 있다.As a membrane separation apparatus that compensates for these disadvantages, the suction filtration pump 7 is deposited in the middle of the intake pipe connected to the membrane unit 4 by immersing the membrane unit 4 in the bottom water of the membrane separation aeration tank 14 in FIG. There is a method of intermittently operating the pump to collect permeate water that has passed through a plurality of membrane elements constituting the membrane unit.
이때 막 엘레멘트는 망상의 스페이서의 양면에 평막을 길게 설치하고 양막의 사이에 스페이서에 의해서 형성된 투과실의 상단 내지 하단으로부터 집수관으로 집수하도록한 평막형과 상하 또는 좌우의 집수관에 여러가닥의 중공사막의 각 상단부를 연결하여 구성한 중공사형에서도 적용가능하고 각각의 복수 막 엘레멘트의 위 또는 아래, 내지는 좌우의 집수관을 헷다관에 연결하여 사용한다.At this time, the membrane element has a flat membrane formed on both sides of the reticular spacer, and the hollow membrane is formed in the flat membrane type and the upper and lower or left and right collecting pipes are collected from the top or bottom of the permeation chamber formed by the spacers between the amniotic membranes. It is also applicable to the hollow fiber type formed by connecting the upper ends of the deserts, and the water collecting pipes on the top, bottom, or left and right sides of each of the plurality of membrane elements are used by connecting to the hedda pipe.
위와 같은 장치에서는 처리조내의 액의 수심에 따른 수두차를 이용하여 흡인여과펌프(P)에 의하여 상대적으로 낮은 에너지로 막분리를 행하여 투과수를 효율 좋게 얻을 수 있다.In such an apparatus, permeate can be efficiently obtained by performing membrane separation with a relatively low energy using a suction filtration pump P using the water head difference according to the depth of the liquid in the treatment tank.
즉, 이 공정으로 분리막을 폭기조 내부에 직접 침적하여 0.5kgf/㎠이하의 저압상태에서 흡인여과펌프로 처리수를 여과 분리함으로써 동력비를 줄일 수 있으며 주기적인 역세과정 없이 하단부로부터의 폭기된 공기와 수류전단력에 의한 막면세척이 가능하며 전량 여과 방식을 채택함으로써 운전의 효율성과 설치 시공 시의 간편성이 개선되어 현장에 적용되고 있다.In other words, this process can directly deposit the membrane inside the aeration tank to filter and separate the treated water with a suction filtration pump at a low pressure of 0.5 kgf / cm2 or less, thereby reducing the power cost and aerated air and water flow from the bottom without periodic backwashing. Membrane cleaning is possible by shearing force, and by adopting the whole amount filtration method, the efficiency of operation and the simplicity at installation are improved and applied to the site.
위의 과정에서 정밀 여과막을 사용할 경우에는 막에 의한 미생물 배제로 미생물 유출이 발생되지 않으므로 막분리폭기조 내부의 미생물 농도는 기존의 활성 슬러지 공법 보다 쉽게 상승할 수 있지만 색도성분 등의 저분자 용존 유기물질을 제거 하기에는 한계성이 있었다.When the microfiltration membrane is used in the above process, the microbial outflow does not occur due to the exclusion of microorganisms by the membrane. Therefore, the concentration of microorganisms inside the membrane separation aeration tank can be increased more easily than the existing activated sludge method, but it is possible to use low molecular dissolved organic substances such as chromatic components. There was a limit to removal.
또한, 폭기조 내의 미생물 농도가 일정 농도(15,000mgMLSS/L)이상에 도달하면 미생물 대사의 결과산물에 의한 점도 성분이 증가되어 산소의 용존율이 저하되며 막오염의 가능성도 커지게 된다.In addition, when the concentration of the microorganism in the aeration tank reaches a certain concentration (15,000mgMLSS / L) or more, the viscosity component by the product of the microbial metabolism is increased, the oxygen dissolution rate is lowered and the possibility of membrane contamination increases.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기에서와 같은 종래의 제반 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 상기 기존의 공정에 추가하여 활성탄을 폭기조에 직접 투입하여 담체역할을 수행함으로써 미생물들의 군락 형성을 활성화 시키고, 활성탄 표면에 미생물막(Bio film)을 생성시킴으로써 용존 유기물질의 제거율을 향상시킴과 동시에 폭기조 하부로부터의 폭기에 의하여 발생된 상향수류에 의한 막면세척 효과도 기대할 수 있는 오폐수처리용 활성탄-막분리 혼합처리 방법을 제공한다.Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the conventional problems as described above, the object of the present invention is to add the activated carbon directly to the aeration tank in addition to the existing process to perform the role of carrier to form a colony of microorganisms Activated carbon is produced on the surface of activated carbon to improve the removal rate of dissolved organic substances and at the same time, it is expected to clean the membrane surface by the upflow generated by aeration from the bottom of the aeration tank. Provided is a membrane separation mixing process.
도1은 본 발명에 따른 오폐수처리용 활성탄 막분리 혼합처리 장치의 개략적인 도면이다.1 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon membrane separation and treatment apparatus for wastewater treatment according to the present invention.
도2는 시간에 따른 원수 및 처리수의 BOD와 T-N농도 변화를 나타낸 그래프이다.2 is a graph showing changes in BOD and T-N concentrations of raw and treated water over time.
도3은 활성탄 투입농도에 따른 여과선속도(LV)의 변화를 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 3 is a graph showing the change in filter line velocity (LV) according to the concentration of activated carbon.
도4는 활성탄 투입 (200mg/L)여부에 따른 여과선속도(LV) 및 흡입압력 변화를 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 4 is a graph showing the change in filter line velocity (LV) and suction pressure depending on whether activated carbon (200mg / L).
도면의 주요 부분에 따른 부호의 간단한 설명Brief description of the symbols according to the main parts of the drawings
1: 진동 미세목스크린 2: 원수이송펌프1: Vibration fine neck screen 2: Raw water feed pump
3: 밸브 4: 막유니트3: valve 4: membrane unit
5: 산기장치 6: 진공차압계5: diffuser 6: vacuum differential pressure gauge
7: 흡입여과펌프 8: 처리수용 순간유량계7: suction filtration pump 8: water flow meter
9: 교반기 10: 활성탄 혼합투입조9: Stirrer 10: Activated carbon mixing tank
11: 공기공급장치 12: 반송펌프11: air supply device 12: return pump
13: 활성탄오니농축조 14: 막분리폭기조13: activated carbon sludge concentration tank 14: membrane separation aeration tank
이하, 바람직한 실시예로서 도시하여 첨부된 도면에 따라 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings shown as a preferred embodiment as follows.
먼저 도1에 따라 설명한다. 도1은 본 발명에 따른 오폐수처리용 활성탄-막분리 혼합처리 장치의 개략적인 도면이다.First, it will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon-membrane separation treatment apparatus for wastewater treatment according to the present invention.
도1에서, 도면부호 1은 진동 미세목스크린으로서 처리조내에 조대협잡물이나 고형물들이 유입되지 않도록 사전에 제거해 주는 역할을 한다.In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vibrating fine wood screen, which serves to remove in advance such that coarse contaminants or solids do not flow into the treatment tank.
1차 0.09mm눈목의 탈착식 카트리지망과 2차 0.01mm눈목의 탈착식 카트리지망을 상하 300mm간격으로 각각 장착하여 진동장치에 의하여 진동하도록 설계된 진동스크린을 설치하여 난분해성 고형물질, 털 및 머리카락 등의 미세입자에 의한 막간폐색을 방지한다.The removable cartridge network of the first 0.09mm eyes and the removable cartridge network of the second 0.01mm eyes are mounted at 300mm intervals up and down to install vibration screens designed to vibrate by vibrating devices. Prevent intermembrane blockage by particles.
2는 원수이송펌프로서, 진동스크린을 거쳐서 막분리폭기조(14)로 처리 대상원수를 이송시켜 주는 기능을 한다.2 is a raw water transfer pump, and serves to transfer the raw water to be treated to the membrane separation aeration tank 14 via a vibrating screen.
3은 밸브로서, 막분리폭기조(14)로 이송되는 처리대상원수의 양을 조절해 주는 기능을 한다.3 is a valve, and serves to adjust the amount of raw water to be treated to the membrane separation aeration tank (14).
4는 막유니트로서, 막유니트(4)는 SUS재질이고 산기관(5)과 막모듈을 일체형으로 제작 설치하여 흡입여과 시에 막유니트(4) 하단부로 부터 수면 윗방향으로 폭기가 이루어 질 수 있도록 하며 멘홀의 4각 구석 부분에 상부에서 하부까지 가이드레일(도시를 생략하였음)을 설치하여 막유니트(4)의 분리 또는 장착이 용이하도록 구성한다.4 is a membrane unit, the membrane unit (4) is made of SUS material, and the aeration pipe (5) and the membrane module can be manufactured and installed in one piece so that the aeration from the lower end of the membrane unit (4) during suction filtration can be done upwards. The guide rails (not shown) are installed in the four corners of the manhole from the top to the bottom so that the membrane unit 4 can be easily separated or mounted.
막여과부는 데드앤드(dead-end) 여과 방식에 적당한 구조로 한다.Membrane filtration is suitable for dead-end filtration.
여과 방식은 가압식, 흡입식 어느 쪽이라도 좋다. 또한, 사용하는 막도 데드앤드 여과 방식으로 운전할 수 있는 것이면 어떠한 것이라도 좋지만 막 충진밀도가 높은 중공사막이 가장 바람직하다.Filtration may be either pressurized or suction. In addition, any membrane may be used as long as the membrane to be used can be operated by a dead end filtration system, but a hollow fiber membrane having a high membrane packing density is most preferred.
5는 산기장치로서, 막유니트(4)의 하단부에 설치하여 상향류를 형성해서 막표면에 공기세정과 수류전단력을 유발하여 막오염현상을 저감시키며 막분리폭기조 (14)내의 미생물의 성장에 필요한 산소를 공급해주는 기능을 한다.5 is an air diffuser, which is installed at the lower end of the membrane unit 4 to form an upward flow to induce air washing and water shear force on the membrane surface to reduce membrane fouling and to grow microorganisms in the membrane separation aeration tank 14. It supplies oxygen.
6은 진공차압계로서, 흡입압력을 지시해주며 일정 압력 이상으로 흡입압력이 상승할 경우에 흡인여과펌프의 동작을 정지 시킴으로써 막모듈의 손상을 방지하여 준다.6 is a vacuum differential pressure gauge, which indicates the suction pressure and prevents damage to the membrane module by stopping the suction filtration pump when the suction pressure rises above a certain pressure.
7은 흡인여과펌프로서, 막유니트(4)로부터 막여과가 이루어짐으로써 처리 대상 원수와 처리수를 분리시켜주기 위한 동력원으로서 흡인압력을 발생시켜주는 기능을 한다. 이때 흡인압력의 범위는 -0.2 내지 -0.4kgf/㎠로서 일정하게 유지되어야 하며 막분리폭기조(14)내의 레벨스위치에 의하여 제어되며 간헐적으로 운전된다.7 is a suction filtration pump, which performs a function of generating suction pressure as a power source for separating the raw water to be treated and the treated water by performing membrane filtration from the membrane unit 4. At this time, the range of the suction pressure should be kept constant as -0.2 to -0.4kgf / ㎠ and controlled by the level switch in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 and is operated intermittently.
8은 순간유량계(처리수용)로서, 흡인여과펌프(7)를 통하여 유출되는 처리수량을 측정하는 기능을 한다.8 is an instantaneous flow meter (for the treated water), which functions to measure the amount of treated water flowing out through the suction filtration pump 7.
9는 교반기로서, 활성탄 혼합투입조(10)에 구성되어 활성탄과 처리수의 혼합을 원활히 하는 기능을 수행한다.9 is a stirrer, which is configured in the activated carbon mixing input tank 10 to perform a function of smoothly mixing the activated carbon and the treated water.
10은 활성탄 혼합투입조로서, 활성탄을 투입하여 처리수와 일정농도로 혼합하여 막분리폭기조(14)로 일정량을 투입하여 주는 기능을 한다.10 denotes an activated carbon mixing input tank, in which activated carbon is added and mixed with the treated water at a predetermined concentration to inject a predetermined amount into the membrane separation aeration tank 14.
11은 공기공급장치로서, 산기관(5)에 공기를 공급해 주는 기능을 한다.11 is an air supply device, and functions to supply air to the diffuser 5.
12는 활성탄 오니반송펌프로서, 침전된 활성탄 오니성분을 막분리폭기조(14)로 반송해 주는 기능을 한다.12 is an activated carbon sludge return pump, and functions to return the precipitated activated carbon sludge component to the membrane separation aeration tank 14.
13은 활성탄오니 농축조로서, 막분리폭기조(14)내의 활성탄오니성분을 인출하여 비중차에 의하여 침강시킨 후 농축시켜서 막분리폭기조(14)로 반송시킬 수 있도록하는 기능을 수행한다.13 denotes an activated carbon sludge concentration tank, and the activated carbon sludge component in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 is taken out, settled by the specific gravity difference, and concentrated to be returned to the membrane separation aeration tank 14.
14는 막분리폭기조로서, 막유니트(4)에 의하여 막분리여과가 이루어지며 폭기에 의하여 활성 슬러지가 성장할 수 있도록 하여 생물학적 분해와 물리적 여과처리가 동시에 이루어질 수 있도록 한다.14 is a membrane separation aeration tank, membrane separation filtration is carried out by the membrane unit (4), and the activated sludge can be grown by the aeration so that biodegradation and physical filtration can be simultaneously performed.
이상과 같은 활성탄 막분리장치는 오폐수 중에 입상 활성탄과 고액분리용 여과막을 직접 막분리폭기조(14)에 침지시켜서 활성탄에 의한 저분자 유기물질의 흡착과 활성탄 표면에 형성된 미생물막 (Bio film)에 의한 생분해 과정이 이루어지며 이에 따라 생성된 Activated Carbon Bio-Media의 상향류에 의한 막면 세정 효과를 동시에 기대할 수 있다.The activated carbon membrane separation apparatus as described above directly immerses the granular activated carbon and the solid-liquid separation membrane in the waste water in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 to adsorb the low molecular organic material by activated carbon and biodegradation by the biofilm formed on the surface of the activated carbon. As a result of this process, it is possible to expect the cleaning effect of the membrane by the upflow of Activated Carbon Bio-Media.
또한, 막의 공극(구멍직경: 0.1㎛)을 통해 오니와 처리수를 분리여과 하는 방법으로서 고부하 운전이 자연적으로 이루어질 경우 생성되는 미생물 대사결과 물질에 의한 막분리폭기조(14) 내의 점도성분 증가를 활성탄에 의한 흡착, 분해과정에 의하여 일정속도로 제거시켜 줌으로써 막여과속도 부하를 감소시켜주며 궁극적으로 막오염을 저감시킬 수도 있다.In addition, as a method of separating filtration of sludge and treated water through the pores of the membrane (pore diameter: 0.1 μm), activated carbon may increase the viscosity component in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 due to the microbial metabolism resulting from the high load operation. It is possible to reduce membrane filtration rate load and ultimately reduce membrane fouling by removing at constant speed by adsorption and decomposition process.
이때, 사용하는 입상활성탄의 투입량은 폭기조 용량기준 200mg/L으로 투입하고 투입기는 1개월에 1회로 하며 투입과 동시에 1주일에 2회 폭기조 용량의 1/8을 인출하여 활성탄오이농축조(13)에서 농축시키며 농축오니량의 50%는 막분리폭기조 (14)로 재순환 반송시킨다.At this time, the amount of granular activated carbon to be used is introduced at 200 mg / L of the aeration tank capacity, and the injector is once a month, and at the same time, withdrawal of 1/8 of the aeration tank capacity twice a week at the activated carbon cucumber concentration tank 13 Concentrate and return 50% of the concentrated sludge to the membrane separation aeration tank (14).
위와 같은 조건에서 유입원수 평균 BOD 5,000mg/L의 분리돈사 폐수처리를 6개월간 실증실험한 결과 MLSS 8,000mg/L-10,000 mg/L범위, 체류시간 48시간에서 도2와 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.Under the above conditions, six months of experiments on sewage wastewater treatment with an average BOD of 5,000 mg / L of influent source water showed the same results as in Fig. 2 in the range of MLSS 8,000 mg / L-10,000 mg / L and retention time of 48 hours. .
활성탄(입상)의 투입량은 폭기조 용량기준 200mg/L으로 투입하고 투입주기는 1개월에 1회로 하며 투입과 동시에 1주일에 2회 폭기조 용량의 1/8을 인출하여 활성탄오니농축조(13)에서 농축시키며 농축오니량의 50%는 막분리폭기조(14)로 재순환 반송시킨다.The amount of activated carbon (granular) is added at 200mg / L based on the aeration tank capacity, and the input cycle is once a month. At the same time, 1/8 of the aeration tank capacity is extracted twice a week and concentrated in the activated carbon sludge concentration tank (13). 50% of the concentrated sludge amount is recycled back to the membrane separation aeration tank (14).
이런 방식으로 기존의 침지형 막분리 활성슬러지공법의 막분리폭기조(14) 내에 활성탄을 직접 투입함으로써 다음과 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있다.In this way, by directly injecting activated carbon into the membrane separation aeration tank 14 of the conventional immersion type membrane separation activated sludge method, the following effects can be obtained.
첫째, 활성탄을 폭기조에 직접 투입하여 담체역할을 수행함으로써 미생물들의 군락 형성을 활성화 시키고, 활성탄 표면에 미생물막(Bio film)을 생성시킴으로써 용존 유기물질의 제거율을 향상시킴과 동시에 폭기조 하부로부터의 폭기에 의하여 발생된 상향수류에 의한 막면세척 효과를 얻을 수 있다.Firstly, activated carbon is directly injected into the aeration tank to act as a carrier to activate the colony formation of microorganisms, and to create a biofilm on the surface of the activated carbon to improve the removal rate of dissolved organic substances and at the same time aeration from the bottom of the aeration tank. Membrane cleaning effect can be obtained by the upward flow generated by the.
둘째, 저분자 및 난분해성 유기물질 및 미생물대사 장애물질의 흡착을 제거할 수 있다.Second, adsorption of low molecular weight and hardly degradable organic substances and microbial metabolism obstacles can be eliminated.
셋째, 미생물 활성대사 결과물질로 생성되는 점도성분을 신속하게 흡착 또는 분해함으로써 미생물 농도를 15,000mg/L이상으로 안정되게 유지시킬 수 있다. 기존의 막분리폭기조(14)에서 미생물농도를 15,000mg/L이상으로 유지할 경우 폭기조 내의 높은 MLSS에 의하여 점도가 증가되며 이에 따라서 발생될 수 있는 막오염 현상을 저감시킬 수 있다.Third, by rapidly adsorbing or degrading the viscosity component generated as a result of the microbial active metabolism, the microbial concentration can be stably maintained at 15,000 mg / L or more. If the microbial concentration is maintained at 15,000 mg / L or more in the conventional membrane separation aeration tank 14, the viscosity is increased by the high MLSS in the aeration tank, thereby reducing the membrane fouling phenomenon may occur.
넸째, 활성탄 표면에 형성된 미생물막 (Bio film)에 의하여 생물학적 저분자 용존 유기물질(DOC)의 제거가 이루어진다. 기존 부유성장 미생물의 제거 효율 보다 접촉면적이 증가되어 처리효율이 증가된다.Fourth, biological low molecular dissolved organic material (DOC) is removed by a biofilm formed on the surface of activated carbon. The contact area is increased compared to the removal efficiency of existing suspended growth microorganisms, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency.
다섯째, 막분리폭기조(14) 내에 형성된 카본 바이오 메디아(CARBON BIO MEDIA)들이 하단으로부터의 폭기에 의하여 형성된 상향수류를 따라 이동하면서 침적된 막간 및 막면에 마찰되어 막오염을 저감시킬 수 있다.Fifth, the CARBON BIO MEDIA formed in the membrane separation aeration tank 14 may move along the upstream flow formed by the aeration from the bottom, and may rub against the deposited interlayer and the membrane surface to reduce membrane contamination.
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| KR20030097075A (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2003-12-31 | 정병욱 | Hybrid Submerged Plate Type Membrane Bioreactor Using microfilter Combined With Biofilm-Activated Carbon for Advanced Treatment of Sewage and Wastewater |
| KR100898015B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2009-05-19 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method for treatment of watersoluble oil containing waste water having improved membrane process |
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| KR100898015B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2009-05-19 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Method for treatment of watersoluble oil containing waste water having improved membrane process |
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