KR19980063390A - Manufacturing method of composite material using waste FRP - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of composite material using waste FRP Download PDF

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KR19980063390A
KR19980063390A KR1019970036386A KR19970036386A KR19980063390A KR 19980063390 A KR19980063390 A KR 19980063390A KR 1019970036386 A KR1019970036386 A KR 1019970036386A KR 19970036386 A KR19970036386 A KR 19970036386A KR 19980063390 A KR19980063390 A KR 19980063390A
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frp
resin
waste frp
waste
composite material
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KR1019970036386A
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KR100225129B1 (en
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황택성
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황택성
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 환경오염을 유발시키는 폐 FRP를 재활용하여 건축자재 및 도로포장재 등의 복합재를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로 이러한 본 발명은 폐 FRP를 입자 또는 분말형태로 분쇄시키는 분쇄공정과, FRP 분말을 실란계 커플링제가 혼합된 수지와 혼합시키는 혼합공정과, 수지와 혼합된 FRP 분말을 일정압력하에 상온 또는 가온하여 복합재를 성형시키는 성형공정에 의하여 이루어지는 것으로 FRP 폐기물을 공해없이 재활용 처리할 수 있으며 저렴한 가격과 간단한 방법에 의해 폐 FRP를 재활용 하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing composite materials such as building materials and road pavement materials by recycling waste FRP that causes environmental pollution. The present invention relates to a pulverizing process of pulverizing waste FRP in the form of particles or powder, and to silane FRP powder. It consists of a mixing process of mixing the coupling agent with the mixed resin and a molding process of molding the composite material by heating or heating the FRP powder mixed with the resin at a constant pressure at a constant pressure. The simple way is to recycle the waste FRP.

Description

폐 FRP를 이용한 복합재 제조방법Manufacturing method of composite material using waste FRP

본 발명은 환경오염을 유발시키는 폐 FRP를 재활용하여 건축자재 및 도로 포장재 등의 복합재를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로 FRP 폐기물을 공해없이 재활용 처리할 수 있으며 저렴한 가격과 간단한 방법에 의해 폐 FRP를 재활용 하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing composite materials such as building materials and road pavement materials by recycling waste FRP that causes environmental pollution. The waste FRP can be recycled without pollution and recycled waste FRP by low price and simple method. will be.

FRP와 같은 복합재료는 금속재료보다 취급이 용이하고, 가격이 저렴하며, 비탄성률, 비강도 등의 기계적 성질이 우수할 뿐만 아니라 치수 안정성, 전기 전도성, 전자 차폐성, 내부식성, 내약품성, X선 투과성 등 여러가지 장점을 지니고 있고, 매트릭스로 사용하는 수지의 종류가 다양하고 경화조건이 용이하여 스포트 레져용품, 우주 항공장비의 구조재, 자동차부품 및 정화조, 욕조, 건축판넬, 수영풀장, 바닥재, 조립식 건축재, 폴리머 콘크리트, 인조대리석 등 다양한 용도에 응용되고 있어 그 사용량이 급격하게 증가하고 있다.Composite materials such as FRP are easier to handle, less expensive than metal materials, and have excellent mechanical properties such as inelasticity and specific strength, as well as dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, electromagnetic shielding, corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, and X-rays. It has various advantages such as permeability, and various resins used as matrix and easy curing conditions. Spot leisure products, structural materials for aerospace equipment, automobile parts and septic tanks, bathtubs, building panels, swimming pools, flooring materials, prefabricated building materials. It is being applied to various applications such as polymer concrete, artificial marble, and the amount of usage is increasing rapidly.

그러나 이러한 수요의 증가와 함께 폐기물의 발생도 급증하고 있는 실정이고, 이러한 폐기물의 대부분은 유리섬유를 보강재로한 열경화성수지 복합재로 경화반응에 의한 가교가 이루어져 불용불융의 삼차원 구조를 지니고 있어 극히 일부를 제외하고는 버렸을 경우 분해되지 않는 특성을 지니고 있어 폐 FRP에 의한 환경오염의 방지를 위해 이들의 효과적인 처리가 필연적인 것으로 현재까지 알려진 처리방법과 문제점은 다음과 같다.However, with the increase in demand, the generation of wastes is also increasing rapidly. Most of these wastes are thermosetting resin composites made of glass fiber as a reinforcing material and crosslinked by curing reaction. Except when discarded, it is not decomposed, so its effective treatment is inevitable to prevent environmental pollution by waste FRP.

◎ 단순 매립방식은 플라스틱이 미분해 특성으로 인해 제2, 3의 환경오염을 유발할 수 있고◎ Simple landfill can cause the second and third environmental pollution due to undecomposed plastic

◎ 열소각방식은 소각로의 설치가 복잡하고 고가이며, 대기오염을 유발하는 단점이 있으며◎ Heat incineration method is complicated and expensive to install incinerator, and it has the disadvantage of causing air pollution.

◎ 생물학적 처리방법은 플라스틱을 분해시키는 방법에서 바람직하나 그 적용범위가 극히 한정된 단점이 있고◎ Biological treatment method is preferable in the method of decomposing plastics, but the scope of application is extremely limited.

◎ 화학적 처리방법은 폐 플라스틱을 분해하여 화학원료로 회수하는 방법으로 원료의 회수측면에서 매우 유용하고 바람직 하나, 아직 연구단계로 실용화되기까지는 많은 연구와 투자가 필요한 실정이다.◎ Chemical treatment method is a method of decomposing waste plastics and recovering them as chemical raw materials. It is very useful and desirable in terms of recovery of raw materials, but much research and investment is required until it is put into practical use as a research stage.

이러한 방법들 외에 플라스틱 자체를 재질로서 활용하는 방법이 있는데 이러한 방법은 폐플라스틱의 소각, 매립, 재분해 등을 할 필요없이 직접 소재로 사용할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있어 폐 플라스틱 활용에 널리 이용되고 있다.In addition to these methods, there is a method of using the plastic itself as a material, and this method is widely used in the use of waste plastic because it has the advantage that it can be used directly as a material without the need for incineration, landfilling or re-decomposition of waste plastic.

그러나 이러한 방법은 대부분 폐 열가소성 수지에 국한되어 있어 폐 FRP와 같은 복합재의 재활용도는 극히 미흡한 실정이다.However, since most of these methods are limited to waste thermoplastics, the recycling rate of composite materials such as waste FRP is extremely low.

본 발명은 폐 FRP를 유기 건축용 복합재료와 같은 용도로 재활용하기 위하여 이들을 입자상 또는 분말상으로 분쇄하여 이들을 보강재로 사용하고 페놀수지, 에폭시 수지 및 불포화 폴리에스테르계 수지와 같은 열경화성 수지와 SBR, EVA 및 열가소성 수지를 매트릭스로 하여 상온 경화 및 열경화 방법에 의해 도로포장 및 건축용으로 사용되는 폐 FRP 입자충진 복합재를 제조하도록 한 것이다.In order to recycle waste FRP for the same use as composite materials for organic construction, the present invention uses them as a reinforcing material by pulverizing them into particulates or powders. The resin is used as a matrix to produce waste FRP particle-filled composites used for road paving and construction by room temperature curing and thermosetting methods.

이러한 본 발명은 폐 FRP를 입자 또는 분말형태로 분쇄시키는 분쇄공정과, FRP 분말을 실란계 커플링제가 혼합된 수지와 혼합시키는 혼합공정과, 수지와 혼합된 FRP 분말을 일정압력하에 상온 또는 가온하여 복합재를 성형시키는 성형공정에 의하여 이루어지는 것으로 폐 FRP를 재활용하여 도로포장 및 건축용 복합재를 얻게 되는 것이다.The present invention is a pulverization process for pulverizing the waste FRP in the form of particles or powder, a mixing process for mixing the FRP powder with the resin mixed with the silane coupling agent, and the FRP powder mixed with the resin at room temperature or warmed under a constant pressure It is made by the molding process for molding the composite material, and the waste FRP is recycled to obtain a road paving and building composite material.

본 발명은 폐 FRP를 파쇄한 입자 또는 분말을 열경화성 수지 또는 열가소성수지를 결합재로 하여 건축자재 및 도로포장재 등의 복합재로 제조하는 것으로 폐 FRP를 분쇄시키는 분쇄공정과, FRP분말에 수지를 혼합시키는 혼합공정과, 복합재를 성형시키는 성형공정으로 이루어진다.The present invention is to produce a composite material such as building materials and road pavement using a thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin as a binder of the particles or powder crushed waste FRP, the grinding process of pulverizing the waste FRP, and mixing the resin mixed in the FRP powder Process and a molding process for molding the composite material.

(1) 분쇄공정(1) grinding process

폐 FRP를 볼밀(Ball mill), 햄머밀(Hammer mill) 또는 액체질소를 이용한 냉동분쇄기를 이용하여 2㎛ 이하의 미분쇄 및 조분쇄에 의한 10㎜ 이상의 2㎛∼50㎜의 크기로 분쇄시킨다.The waste FRP is pulverized to a size of 2 to 50 mm by 10 mm or more by fine grinding and coarse grinding using a ball mill, a hammer mill, or a freezing mill using liquid nitrogen.

(2) 혼합공정(2) mixing process

분쇄공정에서 분쇄된 FRP 분말을 불포화 폴리에스테르 SBR, MMA, EVA 등의 열경화성수지 또는 열가소성수지에 10∼50wt%를 혼합시킨다.The FRP powder pulverized in the pulverization process is mixed with thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin such as unsaturated polyester SBR, MMA, EVA and 10 to 50 wt%.

이때 수지에는 결합력 증가를 위하여 실란계 커플링제인In this case, the resin is a silane coupling agent to increase the bonding force

Vynyltrichlorosilane,Vynyltrichlorosilane,

3-methylacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,3-methylacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,

triethoxyvinylsilane,triethoxyvinylsilane,

Allyl silane,Allyl silane,

γ-MPS 등을 0.1∼3 wt%를 첨가시키며 또한 적정색상을 내기 위해 안료를 소량 첨가시킨다.0.1 to 3 wt% of γ-MPS and the like are added, and a small amount of pigment is added to obtain an appropriate color.

(3) 성형공정(3) forming process

일정형태의 복합재를 얻어내기 위한 금형을 제작하고 상기 금형에 수지와 혼합된 FRP분말을 넣어 복합재를 제조한다.A mold for obtaining a composite of a certain shape is manufactured, and the composite is prepared by putting a FRP powder mixed with a resin into the mold.

이때 성형공정에서는 200㎏/㎠의 압력을 가하고 상온 또는 80∼180℃의 가온하는 조건을 준다.At this time, in the molding process, a pressure of 200 kg / cm 2 is applied and a condition of heating at room temperature or 80 to 180 ° C. is given.

상기된 공정에 의거 제조된 복합재는 금형의 형태에 따라 다양한 형태로 얻어낼 수 있으며 굴곡, 인장, 충격 등에 있어서 기존제품과 뒤떨어지지 않는 복합재의 제조가 가능하다.The composite material prepared according to the above process can be obtained in various forms according to the shape of the mold, and it is possible to manufacture a composite material inferior to existing products in bending, tension, impact, and the like.

[실시예 1]Example 1

분쇄된 폐 FRP분말의 입도는 평균 2.6㎛에서 500㎜ 였으며, 복합재의 제조는 동종의 폴리에스테르계 수지를 매트릭스로하여 폐 FRP분말을 10∼50wt%로 혼합하고 가사시간을 고려하여 경화제 및 촉진재의 양을 각각 1phr씩 조절하여 진공데시케이터내에서 성형체내의 가스를 제거하면서 30℃에서 1시간 동안 경화하고, 시편을 상온에서 충분히 방치하였다.The average particle size of the pulverized waste FRP powder was 2.6 ㎛ to 500 mm, and the composite material was prepared by mixing 10-50 wt% of waste FRP powder with the same polyester resin as a matrix and considering the pot life. The amount was adjusted by 1 phr each, and cured at 30 ° C. for 1 hour while removing the gas in the molded body in a vacuum desiccator, and the specimen was allowed to stand at room temperature sufficiently.

복합재내의 폐 FRP함량은 최대 50wt%까지 가능하였으며, 그 이상에서는 사용된 매트릭스 수지와 충진제가 분리되는 현상이 나타났다.The waste FRP content in the composite was up to 50wt%, and above that, the used matrix resin and filler were separated.

상기된 실시예에 의해 제조된 복합재의 기계적 물성을 측정하기 위하여 Instron Model 5567을 이용하여 ASTM D 790M, ASTM D 638M, ASTM 256 규정에 따라 굴곡강도, 인장강도, 충격강도를 측정하였으며 측정된 결과는 다음의 표 1, 2, 3에 나타낸 바와 같다.In order to measure the mechanical properties of the composite prepared by the above-described embodiment, the flexural strength, tensile strength and impact strength were measured according to ASTM D 790M, ASTM D 638M, and ASTM 256 by using Instron Model 5567. It is as showing in following Tables 1, 2, and 3.

[표 1] Flexural Strength of Waste FRP/unsaturated polyester composites.TABLE 1 Flexural Strength of Waste FRP / unsaturated polyester composites.

[표 2] Tensile strength of Waste FRP/unsaturated polyester composites.Table 2 Tensile strength of Waste FRP / unsaturated polyester composites.

[표 3] Impact Strength of Waste FRP/unsaturated polyester composites.TABLE 3 Impact Strength of Waste FRP / unsaturated polyester composites.

상기된 표 1, 2, 3에서 알 수 있듯이 순수한 매트릭스 수지와 비교한 결과 수지의 종류에 관계없이 폐 FRP함량이 증가할수록 기계적 물성을 감소하는 것으로 나타났는데 이를 계면에서 매트릭스로 사용된 수지와 폐 FRP간에 단지 물리적 결합으로인해 분리가 일어났기 때문에 사료되었다.As can be seen from Tables 1, 2, and 3 above, as compared with pure matrix resins, the mechanical properties decrease with increasing waste FRP content regardless of the type of resin. It was considered that the separation occurred due to physical binding to the liver only.

물성이 전체적으로 폐 FRP의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내고 있으나 20wt%까지는 순수한 매트릭스 수지와 비교해서 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 적당한 결합제를 사용함으로서 물성을 향상시킬 수 있었다.Although the physical properties showed a tendency to decrease as the content of waste FRP increased, up to 20wt% showed no significant difference compared to pure matrix resin, and the physical properties could be improved by using a suitable binder.

본 발명에 의해 제조된 복합재내의 수지와 폐 FRP간의 계면현상의 모양을 관찰하기 위하여 ABT-130 주사현미경을 이용하여 시료를 골드코팅(gold coating)한 후 2000배의 배율에서 시료의 표며늘 관찰한 결과 수지종류에 관계 없이 FRP의 함량이 증가할수록 콤팩트(compact)하게 나타났지만 입자와 수지간의 계면이 분리되어져 있는 것으로 보아 화학적 결합보다는 물리적 결합을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.In order to observe the shape of the interfacial phenomenon between the resin and the waste FRP in the composite prepared by the present invention, the sample was gold coated using an ABT-130 scanning microscope, and then the sample was observed at 2000 times magnification. As a result, regardless of the type of resin, as the content of FRP increased, it appeared to be more compact. However, the interface between particles and resin was separated, indicating that they were physically bonded rather than chemically bonded.

따라서 본 발명은 폐 FRP를 건축자재 및 도로포장재로 충분히 활용될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다.Therefore, the present invention can confirm that the waste FRP can be fully utilized as a building material and road paving material.

무공해에 의한 폐 FRP의 근원적 처리가 가능하고 폐 FRP의 처리비용을 감소시킬 수 있으며 폐 FRP의 재활용으로 환경오염을 방지할 수 있다.It is possible to fundamentally treat waste FRP by pollution-free, to reduce the disposal cost of waste FRP, and to prevent environmental pollution by recycling waste FRP.

본 발명은 폐 FRP를 강도의 영향이 작은 건축용 구조재 또는 폴리머 콘크리트 제조용 인조골재로 재활용이 가능한 잇점이 있다.The present invention has the advantage that the waste FRP can be recycled as a construction structural material or a synthetic aggregate for the production of polymer concrete with a small impact of strength.

Claims (4)

폐 FRP를 볼밀, 햄머밀, 냉동파쇄법을 이용하여 2㎛∼50㎜의 입자크기로 분쇄하는 분쇄공정과,A grinding step of grinding the waste FRP into a particle size of 2 μm to 50 mm using a ball mill, a hammer mill, and a freezing crushing method; FRP 분말 10∼50wt%에 결합제가 첨가된 수지를 혼합시키는 혼합공정과,A mixing step of mixing the resin to which the binder is added to 10 to 50 wt% of the FRP powder; 수지와 혼합된 FRP 분말을 200㎏/㎠의 압력과 상온 또는 80∼180℃ 온도하에서 금형으로 복하재를 성형시키는 성형공정에 의해 제조시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐 FRP를 이용한 복합재 제조방법.A method for producing a composite material using waste FRP, characterized in that the FRP powder mixed with the resin is produced by a molding process for molding a composite material into a mold under a pressure of 200 kg / cm 2 and room temperature or 80 to 180 ° C. 제1항에서, 수지는 열경화성수지 또는 열가소성수지인 것을 특징으로 하는 폐 FRP를 이용한 복합재 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the resin is a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin. 제1항에서, 첨가제는 실란계 커플링제를 사용하고 0.1∼3wt% 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐 FRP를 이용한 복합재 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the additive is a composite manufacturing method using waste FRP, characterized in that 0.1 to 3wt% is added using a silane coupling agent. 제1항에서, 수지와 폐 FRP의 혼합시 복합재의 색상을 결정하는 안료를 소량 첨가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐 FRP를 이용한 복합재 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein a small amount of a pigment for determining the color of the composite when the resin and the waste FRP are mixed is added.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100331479B1 (en) * 2000-01-15 2002-04-09 이광민 The laminating substance of base course for permeable pavement using waste synthetic fibers and it's manufacturing method
KR100718949B1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2007-05-16 이동익 Method for Preparing lightweight panel of Waste Fiber Reinforced Plastics and lightweight panel manufactured thereof
KR20200015667A (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-02-12 김길수 Manufacturing method for molded article using fiber reinforcerd plastic waste comprising thermosetting plastics and molded article using the same

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KR20010046210A (en) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-05 황의환 Recycling of waste fiber reinforced plastics
KR20010046209A (en) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-05 황의환 Recycling of waste fiber reinforced plastics
KR101135812B1 (en) 2010-04-29 2012-04-16 채지석 Interior Finish Building Materials For Using Waste Solid Manufacturing Method

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JPH06166032A (en) * 1992-11-30 1994-06-14 Nippon Polyester Kk Production of frp molding material reclaimed from frp waste

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100331479B1 (en) * 2000-01-15 2002-04-09 이광민 The laminating substance of base course for permeable pavement using waste synthetic fibers and it's manufacturing method
KR100718949B1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2007-05-16 이동익 Method for Preparing lightweight panel of Waste Fiber Reinforced Plastics and lightweight panel manufactured thereof
KR20200015667A (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-02-12 김길수 Manufacturing method for molded article using fiber reinforcerd plastic waste comprising thermosetting plastics and molded article using the same

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