KR102379857B1 - Low Emission Gas Engine Heat Pump (GHP) Modification System - Google Patents

Low Emission Gas Engine Heat Pump (GHP) Modification System Download PDF

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KR102379857B1
KR102379857B1 KR1020200187080A KR20200187080A KR102379857B1 KR 102379857 B1 KR102379857 B1 KR 102379857B1 KR 1020200187080 A KR1020200187080 A KR 1020200187080A KR 20200187080 A KR20200187080 A KR 20200187080A KR 102379857 B1 KR102379857 B1 KR 102379857B1
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engine
gas
exhaust
ghp
fuel
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이태형
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가센
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
    • F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
    • F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D37/02—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M29/00—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture
    • F02M29/04—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture having screens, gratings, baffles or the like
    • F02M29/06—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture having screens, gratings, baffles or the like generating whirling motion of mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) modification system. More specifically, the low-emission GHP modification system can control the amount of air and fuel in a mixer for fixing fuel gas with intake air by an electronic control unit (ECU), adjust an electronic throttle valve according to a required rotational speed of an engine and load to control the amount of the mixed gas in the mixer and introduced into the engine, and control an ignition plug for burning the mixed gas by electric sparks after the mixed gas entering an intake manifold through an intake pipe is introduced into the engine, thereby suctioning the air and the fuel at a predetermined ratio and burning the same in the engine, change the coolant line of a conventional wet exhaust manifold provided at a rear end of the engine or change the same to a dry exhaust manifold having no coolant line to secure catalyst activation temperatures and have an oxidation catalyst mounted at a front end of a heat exchanger and connected to an exhaust pipe to oxidize carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (THC) discharged from the engine, thereby lowering the concentration, have the oxidation catalyst connected to the heat exchanger by the exhaust pipe to exchange heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and a coolant, and enable a controller, additionally installed between the ECU and the engine, to receive a signal from an oxygen (O_2) sensor mounted at a front end of the oxidation catalyst and control the mixer, thereby controlling the amount of the fuel according to a target air-fuel ratio.

Description

저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템{Low Emission Gas Engine Heat Pump (GHP) Modification System}Low Emission Gas Engine Heat Pump (GHP) Modification System

본 발명은 전자제어유닛(ECU) 또는 추가 제어기에 의해 연료가스를 흡입공기와 혼합하는 믹서에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 전자식 스로틀밸브를 통해 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 유입되는 양을 조절하고, 믹서에서 흡기파이프를 통해 흡기매니폴드로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하여 줌으로써, 공기와 연료량이 소정의 비율로 흡입되고 엔진에서 연소되게 할 수 있고, 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드로 변경하고, 열교환기 전단에 배기파이프와 연결되는 산화촉매(Oxidation Catalyst)를 장착하여 줌으로써, 엔진에서 배출되는 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화시켜 농도를 낮추어 줄 수 있으며, 산화촉매가 배기파이프에 의해 열교환기와 연결됨으로써, 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스와 냉각수를 열 교환시켜 주고, 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 추가 설치된 제어기가 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 믹서와 점화플러그를 제어하여 줌으로써, 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량과 점화 타이밍을 제어할 수 있는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템에 관한 기술이다. The present invention controls the amount of air and fuel in a mixer that mixes fuel gas with intake air by an electronic control unit (ECU) or an additional controller, and the amount introduced into the engine according to the required engine speed and load through an electronic throttle valve by controlling the spark plug that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark after the mixed gas that has entered the intake manifold through the intake pipe from the mixer is introduced into the engine, the air and fuel amount are sucked in a predetermined ratio To ensure combustion in the engine, and to secure the catalyst activation temperature, change the coolant line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear of the engine or change to a dry exhaust manifold without a coolant line, and oxidation connected to the exhaust pipe at the front of the heat exchanger By installing a catalyst (Oxidation Catalyst), the concentration can be lowered by oxidizing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) discharged from the engine, and the oxidation catalyst is connected to the heat exchanger by the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust exhaust from the engine The gas and coolant are heat exchanged, and the controller additionally installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine receives the signal from the oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst and controls the mixer and the spark plug. It is a technology related to a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system that can control the fuel amount and ignition timing according to the target air-fuel ratio.

가스엔진은 연료로서 기체를 사용하는 내연 기관으로 연료의 공급 방식에 따라 믹서에 의해 연료가스가 흡입공기와 혼합되고 이 혼합된 기체가 스로틀바디에 위치한 스로틀밸브에서 요구되는 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 흡입되는 혼합가스의 양이 제어되고 엔진의 각 실린더에 들어가 연소하는 믹서 방식과 가스 연료를 고압의 액상으로 유지하면서 엔진의 흡입구에 있는 인젝터를 이용하여 각 실린더로 분사를 하는 방식(Liquid Injection System; LI)으로 나뉜다. A gas engine is an internal combustion engine that uses gas as fuel. According to the fuel supply method, fuel gas is mixed with intake air by a mixer, and the mixed gas is used according to the engine speed and load required by the throttle valve located on the throttle body. The mixer method in which the amount of mixed gas sucked into the engine is controlled and it enters each cylinder of the engine for combustion, and the liquid injection method in which gas fuel is maintained in a high-pressure liquid phase and injected into each cylinder using the injector located at the intake port of the engine (Liquid Injection). System; LI).

이중에서 믹서 방식은 믹서에 의해 연료가스를 흡입공기와 혼합시키고, 엔진의 흡입과정 때 유입된 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시켜 출력을 얻는다.Among them, in the mixer method, fuel gas is mixed with intake air by a mixer, and the mixed gas introduced during the engine intake process is combusted by an electric spark to obtain output.

또한, 천연가스 또는 LPG를 사용하는 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)는 열효율이 높은 연료가 희박한 조건(λ>1)에서 연소시켜 냉난방비 절감을 할 수 있는 반면에 이론공연비(λ=1) 조건에서 작동하는 삼원촉매를 장착할 수 없고, 희박연소시 질소산화물(NOx) 배출량이 많고, 초 희박연소시 질소산화물(NOx) 배출량이 적고 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)의 배출량이 많다.In addition, a gas engine heat pump (GHP) using natural gas or LPG can reduce heating and cooling costs by burning under a condition in which fuel with high thermal efficiency is lean (λ > 1), while at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (λ = 1) condition. A working three-way catalyst cannot be installed, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are high during lean combustion, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are low during ultra-lean combustion, and carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) emissions are high.

한편, 공해 배출물의 저감 및 친환경성에 대한 요구는 엔진 분야에도 예외 없이 높아가고 있다. 그럼에도, 기체상태의 가스 연료를 이용하는 점화 착화 방식의 엔진을 이용한 발전기나 가스엔진히트펌프용 엔진에 대해 배출가스를 저감하는 기술을 적용하지 않고 있다. 그 결과, 가스엔진에서도 정화되지 않은 유해 배출 가스가 대기 중에 배출되고 있는 실정이다.On the other hand, the demand for reduction of pollution emissions and eco-friendliness is also increasing in the engine field without exception. Nevertheless, the technology for reducing exhaust gas is not applied to an engine for a gas engine heat pump or a generator using an ignition ignition type engine using gaseous fuel. As a result, even in the gas engine, the unpurified harmful exhaust gas is being discharged into the atmosphere.

그에 따라, 빌딩이나 공장, 학교 등지에서 냉난방 용도로 사용되는 도시가스를 원료로 하는 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)나 천연가스 또는 기체 LPG를 연료로 하는 비상/상용 발전기에서 정화되지 않은 많은 양의 유해배기가스를 배출하고 있다. Accordingly, gas engine heat pumps (GHP) using city gas used for heating and cooling purposes in buildings, factories, schools, etc., or emergency/commercial generators using natural gas or gaseous LPG is emitting exhaust gas.

또한, 앞으로도 액체연료나 석탄 등에 비해 오염물의 배출이 적고 하절기 전력피크를 완화한다는 이유로 도시가스가 연료로서 보편화되고, 많은 양의 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)나 가스 열병합 발전기가 보급되고 있음에도, 위와 같이 여전히 존재하는 유해 배기가스의 배출에 따른 환경오염에 대한 인식과 대안이 부족한 실정이다.In addition, city gas is becoming more common as a fuel for the reason that it emits less pollutants compared to liquid fuel or coal and alleviates power peaks in summer. There is still a lack of awareness and alternatives to environmental pollution caused by the emission of harmful exhaust gases.

그러므로, 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 건식 배기매니폴드로 변경하고, 열교환기 전단에 배기파이프와 연결되는 산화촉매(Oxidation Catalyst)를 장착하여 줌으로써, 엔진에서 배출되는 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화반응을 통하여 저감시켜 주고, 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 추가 설치된 제어기가 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 믹서를 제어하여 줌으로써, 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어할 수 있는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템의 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다.Therefore, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) discharged from the engine are reduced by changing to a dry exhaust manifold to secure the catalyst activation temperature and installing an oxidation catalyst connected to the exhaust pipe in front of the heat exchanger. It is reduced through oxidation reaction, and a controller additionally installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine receives the signal from the oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst and controls the mixer. The development of a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system capable of controlling the amount of fuel is urgently required.

KR 10-2013-0034567(2013. 3. 29)KR 10-2013-0034567 (2013. 3. 29)

따라서 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 착상된 것으로서, 전자제어유닛(ECU) 또는 추가 제어기에 의해 연료가스를 흡입공기와 혼합하는 믹서에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 믹서에서 혼합되고 전자식 스로틀밸브를 지나 흡기파이프를 통해 흡기매니폴드로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하여 줌으로써, 공기와 연료량이 소정의 비율로 흡입되고 엔진에서 연소되게 할 수 있는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. Therefore, the present invention was conceived to solve the above problems, and the air and fuel amount in a mixer that mixes fuel gas with intake air by an electronic control unit (ECU) or an additional controller is controlled, and the mixture is mixed in the mixer and electronically After the mixed gas that has passed through the throttle valve and entered the intake manifold through the intake pipe flows into the engine, by controlling a spark plug that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark, air and fuel are sucked in a predetermined ratio and the engine It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system that can be combusted.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드로 변경하고, 열교환기 전단에 배기파이프와 연결되는 산화촉매(Oxidation Catalyst)를 장착하여 줌으로써, 엔진에서 배출되는 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화반응을 통하여 저감시켜 줄 수 있는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to change the coolant line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine to a dry exhaust manifold without a coolant line in order to secure the catalyst activation temperature, and an oxidation catalyst connected to the exhaust pipe at the front of the heat exchanger ( Oxidation Catalyst) to provide a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system that can reduce carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) emitted from the engine through oxidation reaction.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 산화촉매가 배기파이프에 의해 열교환기와 연결됨으로써, 엔진에 배출되는 배기가스와 냉각수를 열 교환시켜 주는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 제공하는데 있다. Another object of the present invention is to provide a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system, in which an oxidation catalyst is connected to a heat exchanger by an exhaust pipe, thereby exchanging heat with an exhaust gas discharged from an engine and cooling water.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 추가 설치된 제어기가 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 믹서를 제어하여 줌으로써, 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어할 수 있는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention is that a controller additionally installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine receives a signal from an oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst and controls the mixer, thereby controlling the amount of fuel according to a predetermined target air-fuel ratio. To provide a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system that can be controlled.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 가스연료와 공기가 균질하게 혼합되게 하는 믹서와; 상기 믹서에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 전자제어유닛의 신호를 받아 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 유입되는 양을 조절하는 전자식 스로틀밸브와; 상기 믹서에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 흡기매니폴드로 이동되게 하는 흡기파이프와; 상기 흡기파이프로부터 공기와 가스연료의 혼합가스를 엔진의 연소실로 공급할 수 있게 하는 흡기매니폴드와; 상기 혼합가스가 들어오는 흡기매니폴드와 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드와 결합되며, 공기와 혼합된 가스 연료를 점화(spark)에 의해 착화(ignition)하여 출력을 발생시킬 수 있게 하는 엔진과; 상기 엔진에서 연소되어 배출되는 배기가스가 통합되고 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존의 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드와; 상기 믹서에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 믹서에서 흡기파이프를 통해 흡기매니폴드로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하는 전자제어유닛(ECU)과; 상기 엔진에서 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드와 산화촉매를 연결하며, 연소된 배기가스가 배출되어 산화촉매로 이동되게 하는 제1 배기파이프와; 상기 엔진에서 배출되어 제1 배기파이프를 통해 들어온 배기가스에서 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화시켜 이산화탄소(CO2)와 수증기(H20)로 변화시켜 배기가스를 정화시켜 주고, 초 희박연소시 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스 내의 일산화탄소(CO) 및 탄화수소(THC) 성분을 처리하여 농도를 낮추어 배기가스를 정화시켜 주는 산화촉매와; 상기 산화촉매와 열교환기를 연결하며, 산화촉매에서 처리한 배기가스가 열교환기로 이동되게 하는 제2 배기파이프와; 상기 엔진에서 배출되어 제2 배기파이프를 통해 들어온 배기가스와 냉각수를 열교환시키는 열교환기와; 상기 열교환기와 연결되며, 열교환된 배기가스가 배기관으로 이동되게 하는 제3 배기파이프; 을 포함함을 특징으로 한다.A low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object includes: a mixer for homogeneously mixing gas fuel and air; an electronic throttle valve that receives a signal from an electronic control unit to control the amount of mixed gas mixed in the mixer flowing into the engine according to the required engine speed and load; an intake pipe for moving the mixed gas mixed in the mixer to an intake manifold; an intake manifold for supplying a mixed gas of air and gas fuel from the intake pipe to the combustion chamber of the engine; An engine that is coupled to an intake manifold into which the mixed gas enters and an exhaust manifold through which the combusted exhaust gas is discharged, and ignites the gas fuel mixed with air by spark to generate output; ; a dry exhaust manifold having no coolant line or changing the coolant line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine in order to integrate the exhaust gas that is combusted and discharged from the engine and secure a catalyst activation temperature; An electronic control unit (ECU) that controls the amount of air and fuel in the mixer, and controls a spark plug that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark after the mixed gas that enters the intake manifold through the intake pipe from the mixer flows into the engine (ECU) )class; a first exhaust pipe connecting the exhaust manifold from which the exhaust gas burned in the engine is discharged and the oxidation catalyst, and configured to discharge the burned exhaust gas and move it to the oxidation catalyst; It oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and entering through the first exhaust pipe to change it into carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 0) to purify the exhaust gas, an oxidation catalyst that purifies the exhaust gas by treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (THC) components in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine during lean combustion; a second exhaust pipe connecting the oxidation catalyst and the heat exchanger and allowing the exhaust gas treated by the oxidation catalyst to move to the heat exchanger; a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and introduced through the second exhaust pipe and cooling water; a third exhaust pipe connected to the heat exchanger and configured to move the heat-exchanged exhaust gas to the exhaust pipe; It is characterized in that it includes.

상기 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 설치되며, 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 상기 믹서를 제어하여 희박연소를 초 희박연소화하고 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어하는 제어기; 를 더 포함함을 특징으로 한다.In the present invention, it is installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine, and receives a signal from an oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst to control the mixer to achieve ultra-lean combustion and a predetermined a controller for controlling the amount of fuel according to the target air-fuel ratio; It is characterized in that it further comprises.

상기 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 배기매니폴드와 산화촉매 사이인 제1 배기파이프에 장착되어 산소농도를 감지하여 제어기로 신호를 보내며, 바이너리(Binary) 타입과 리니어(Linear) 타입을 선택적으로 적용할 수 있는 산소센서; 를 더 포함함을 특징으로 한다. In the present invention, it is mounted on the first exhaust pipe between the exhaust manifold and the oxidation catalyst to sense the oxygen concentration and send a signal to the controller, and a binary type and a linear type can be selectively applied. oxygen sensor; It is characterized in that it further comprises.

상기 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 산화촉매의 귀금속 성분은 백금(Pt)과 팔라듐(Pd)이며, 이를 사용하여 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배기가스를 정화하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 한다.In the present invention, the noble metal components of the oxidation catalyst are platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd), which are used to purify exhaust gases of hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO).

상기 본 발명에 있어서, 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 적고, 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 초 희박연소 엔진 형태에 적용하거나 또는 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 희박연소 엔진에 공연비를 제어하는 형태로 적용하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 한다. In the present invention, the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system emits less nitrogen oxide (NOx) and emits a lot of hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). It is characterized in that it includes application to the lean burn engine type or to the lean burn engine of some gas engine heat pumps (GHP) that emits a lot of nitrogen oxide (NOx) as a form of controlling the air-fuel ratio.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 다음과 같은 효과를 가진다. As described above, the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to the present invention has the following effects.

첫째, 본 발명은 전자제어유닛(ECU) 또는 추가 제어기에 의해 연료가스를 흡입공기와 혼합하는 믹서에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 전자식 스로틀밸브를 통해 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 유입되는 양을 조절하고, 믹서에서 흡기파이프를 통해 흡기매니폴드로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하여 줌으로써, 공기와 연료량이 소정의 비율로 흡입되고 엔진에서 연소되게 할 수 있다.First, the present invention controls the air and fuel amount in a mixer that mixes fuel gas with intake air by an electronic control unit (ECU) or an additional controller, and flows into the engine according to the required engine speed and load through an electronic throttle valve The amount of air and fuel is adjusted to a predetermined ratio by controlling the amount of gas produced and controlling a spark plug that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark after the mixed gas that enters the intake manifold through the intake pipe from the mixer flows into the engine. It can be inhaled and burned in the engine.

둘째, 본 발명은 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드로 변경하고, 열교환기 전단에 배기파이프와 연결되는 산화촉매(Oxidation Catalyst)를 장착하여 줌으로써, 엔진에서 배출되는 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화반응을 통하여 저감시켜 줄 수 있다.Second, the present invention changes the cooling water line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear of the engine to a dry exhaust manifold without a cooling water line in order to secure the catalyst activation temperature, and the oxidation catalyst connected to the exhaust pipe at the front of the heat exchanger (Oxidation) Catalyst), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) emitted from the engine can be reduced through oxidation.

셋째, 본 발명은 엔진 후단의 기존 습식 배기 매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 매니폴드로 변경함으로써, 촉매 확성화 온도를 확보할 수 있다.Third, according to the present invention, the catalyst amplification temperature can be secured by changing the cooling water line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine or changing the cooling water line to a dry manifold without a cooling water line.

넷째, 본 발명은 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 추가 설치된 제어기가 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 믹서를 제어하여 줌으로써, 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어할 수 있다.Fourth, in the present invention, a controller additionally installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine receives a signal from an oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst and controls the mixer, thereby controlling the amount of fuel according to a predetermined target air-fuel ratio can do.

도 1은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템의 구성을 나타낸 도면.
도 2는 본 발명의 다른 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템의 구성을 나타낸 도면.1 is a view showing the configuration of a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing the configuration of a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

이하 첨부된 도면과 함께 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 살펴보면 다음과 같은데, 본 발명을 설명함에 있어서 관련된 공지기술 또는 구성에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명은 생략할 것이며, 후술되는 용어들은 본 발명에서의 기능을 고려하여 정의된 용어들로서 이는 사용자, 운용자의 의도 또는 관례 등에 따라 달라질 수 있으므로, 그 정의는 본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 설명하는 본 명세서 전반에 걸친 내용을 토대로 내려져야 할 것이다.Hereinafter, referring to preferred embodiments of the present invention together with the accompanying drawings, it is as follows. In describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof Descriptions will be omitted, and the terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of a user or operator, and the definition is a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) modification of the present invention. It should be based on the content throughout this specification describing the system.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템의 구성을 나타낸 도면이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 다른 일실시예에 따른 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템의 구성을 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a view showing the configuration of a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) remodeling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) remodeling system according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram showing the configuration of

본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 믹서(10), 전자식 스로틀밸브(11), 흡기매니폴드(20), 배기매니폴드(21), 엔진(30), 점화플러그(31), 흡기파이프(40), 제1 배기파이프(41), 제2 배기파이프(42), 제3 배기파이프(43), 산화촉매(50), 열교환기(60), 전자제어유닛(ECU)(70), 제어기(80), 산소(O2)센서(90) 등으로 구성된다.The low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) remodeling system of the present invention includes a mixer 10, an electronic throttle valve 11, an intake manifold 20, an exhaust manifold 21, an engine 30, a spark plug 31, Intake pipe 40, first exhaust pipe 41, second exhaust pipe 42, third exhaust pipe 43, oxidation catalyst 50, heat exchanger 60, electronic control unit (ECU) 70 ), a controller 80 , and an oxygen (O 2 ) sensor 90 and the like.

도 1과 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 가스연료와 공기가 균질하게 혼합되게 하는 믹서(10)와; 상기 믹서에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 전자제어유닛의 신호를 받아 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 유입되는 양을 조절하는 전자식 스로틀밸브(11)와; 상기 믹서(10)에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 흡기매니폴드(20)로 이동되게 하는 흡기파이프(40)와; 상기 흡기파이프(40)로부터 공기와 가스연료의 혼합가스를 엔진의 연소실로 공급할 수 있게 하는 흡기매니폴드(20)와; 상기 혼합가스가 들어오는 흡기매니폴드(20)와 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드(21)와 결합되며, 공기와 혼합된 가스 연료를 점화(spark)에 의해 착화(ignition)하여 출력을 발생시킬 수 있게 하는 엔진(30)과; 상기 엔진(30)에서 연소되어 배출되는 배기가스의 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드(21)와; 상기 믹서(10)에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 상기 전자식 스로틀밸브(11)에서 혼합가스 유입량을 제어하고, 믹서(10)에서 흡기파이프(40)를 통해 흡기매니폴드(20)로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진(30)으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그(31)를 제어하는 전자제어유닛(ECU)(70)과; 상기 엔진(30)에서 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드(21)와 산화촉매(50)를 연결하며, 연소된 배기가스가 배출되어 산화촉매(50)로 이동되게 하는 제1 배기파이프(41)와; 상기 제1 배기파이프(41)를 통해 들어온 배기가스에서 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화반응으로 이산화탄소(CO2)와 수증기(H20)로 변화시켜 배기가스를 정화시켜 주는 산화촉매(50)와; 상기 산화촉매(50)와 열교환기(60)를 연결하며, 산화촉매(50)에서 처리한 배기가스가 열교환기(60)로 이동되게 하는 제2 배기파이프(42)와; 상기 엔진(30)에서 배출되어 제2 배기파이프(42)를 통해 들어온 배기가스와 냉각수를 열교환시키는 열교환기(60)와; 상기 열교환기(60)와 연결되며, 열교환된 배기가스가 배기관으로 이동되게 하는 제3 배기파이프(43); 을 구비하고, 상기 전자제어유닛(ECU)(70)과 엔진(30) 사이에 설치된 제어기가 산화촉매(50) 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서(90)의 신호를 받아, 상기 믹서(10)를 제어하여 주므로 희박연소를 초 희박연소화 하고 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어하는 제어기(80); 를 더 구비하며, 상기 배기매니폴드(21)와 산화촉매(50) 사이인 제1 배기파이프(41)에 장착되어 산소농도를 감지하며, 바이너리(Binary) 타입과 리니어(Linear) 타입을 선택적으로 적용할 수 있는 산소(O2)센서(90); 를 더 구비한다.1 and 2, the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system according to the present invention includes a mixer 10 for homogeneously mixing gas fuel and air; an electronic throttle valve 11 for receiving a signal from an electronic control unit to control the amount of mixed gas mixed in the mixer flowing into the engine according to the required engine speed and load; an intake pipe 40 for moving the mixed gas mixed in the mixer 10 to the intake manifold 20; an intake manifold 20 for supplying a mixed gas of air and gas fuel from the intake pipe 40 to the combustion chamber of the engine; Combined with the intake manifold 20 to which the mixed gas enters and the exhaust manifold 21 from which the burned exhaust gas is discharged, the gas fuel mixed with air is ignited by spark to generate an output an engine 30 that makes it possible; a dry exhaust manifold 21 having no coolant line or changing a coolant line of an existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine to secure a catalyst activation temperature of the exhaust gas burned and discharged from the engine 30; Controlling the amount of air and fuel in the mixer 10, controlling the mixed gas inflow by the electronic throttle valve 11, and mixing that enters the intake manifold 20 through the intake pipe 40 from the mixer 10 an electronic control unit (ECU) 70 for controlling a spark plug 31 that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark after gas is introduced into the engine 30; A first exhaust pipe ( 41) and; An oxidation catalyst that purifies the exhaust gas by changing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust gas entering through the first exhaust pipe 41 into carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 0) through an oxidation reaction (50) and; a second exhaust pipe 42 connecting the oxidation catalyst 50 and the heat exchanger 60 and allowing the exhaust gas treated by the oxidation catalyst 50 to move to the heat exchanger 60; a heat exchanger (60) for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the engine (30) and entering through the second exhaust pipe (42) and cooling water; a third exhaust pipe 43 connected to the heat exchanger 60 and allowing the heat-exchanged exhaust gas to move to the exhaust pipe; and a controller installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) 70 and the engine 30 receives the signal from the oxygen (O 2 ) sensor 90 mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst 50, and the mixer ( 10) so as to control the lean combustion to ultra-lean combustion and control the amount of fuel according to a predetermined target air-fuel ratio (80); is further provided, is mounted on the first exhaust pipe 41 between the exhaust manifold 21 and the oxidation catalyst 50 to sense oxygen concentration, and selectively selects a binary type and a linear type Applicable oxygen (O 2 ) sensor 90; provide more

상기 본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템을 구성하는 각 기술적 수단들의 기능을 설명하면 다음과 같다.The function of each technical means constituting the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) remodeling system according to the present invention will be described as follows.

상기 믹서(10)는 가스연료와 공기가 균질하게 혼합되게 하는 것이다.The mixer 10 is to homogeneously mix gas fuel and air.

상기 전자식 스로틀밸브(11)는 전자제어유닛(70)의 신호를 받아 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진(30)으로 유입되는 혼합가스의 양을 조절하는 것이다.The electronic throttle valve 11 receives a signal from the electronic control unit 70 to control the amount of mixed gas flowing into the engine 30 according to the required engine speed and load.

상기 흡기파이프(40)는 상기 믹서(10)에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 흡기매니폴드(20)로 이동되게 하는 것이다.The intake pipe 40 is to move the mixed gas mixed in the mixer 10 to the intake manifold 20 .

상기 흡기매니폴드(20)는 상기 흡기파이프(40)로부터 공기와 가스연료의 혼합가스를 엔진의 연소실로 공급할 수 있게 하는 것이다.The intake manifold 20 is to supply a mixed gas of air and gas fuel from the intake pipe 40 to the combustion chamber of the engine.

상기 엔진(30)은 상기 혼합가스가 들어오는 흡기매니폴드(20)와 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드(21)와 결합되며, 공기와 혼합된 가스 연료를 점화(spark)에 의해 착화(ignition)하여 출력을 발생시킬 수 있게 하는 것이다.The engine 30 is combined with the intake manifold 20 through which the mixed gas enters and the exhaust manifold 21 through which the combusted exhaust gas is discharged, and ignites (spark) the gas fuel mixed with air. ignition) to produce an output.

상기 배기매니폴드(21)는 상기 엔진(30)에서 연소되어 배출되는 배기가스의 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진(30) 후단의 기존 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드로 변경한 것이다.The exhaust manifold 21 changes the coolant line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine 30 or dry exhaust without a coolant line in order to secure the catalyst activation temperature of the exhaust gas that is burned and discharged from the engine 30 . Changed to manifold.

상기 전자제어유닛(ECU)(70)은 상기 믹서(10)에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 믹서(10)에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 전자식 스로틀밸브를 제어하고, 흡기파이프(40)를 통해 흡기매니폴드(20)로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진(30)으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하는 것이다.The electronic control unit (ECU) 70 controls the amount of air and fuel in the mixer 10, and controls the electronic throttle valve according to the engine speed and load required for the mixed gas mixed in the mixer 10, After the mixed gas that has entered the intake manifold 20 through the intake pipe 40 flows into the engine 30 , the spark plug that burns the mixed gas by an electric spark is controlled.

상기 제1 배기파이프(41)는 상기 엔진(30)에서 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드(21)와 산화촉매(50)를 연결하며, 연소된 배기가스가 배출되어 산화촉매(50)로 이동되게 하는 것이다.The first exhaust pipe 41 connects the exhaust manifold 21 from which the exhaust gas burned in the engine 30 is discharged and the oxidation catalyst 50, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged to the oxidation catalyst 50 to be moved to

상기 산화촉매(50)는 상기 제1 배기파이프(41)를 통해 들어온 배기가스에서 일산화탄소(CO)와 미연소가스연료를 탄화수소(THC)를 산화반응으로 이산화탄소(CO2)와 수증기(H20)로 변화시켜 배기가스를 정화시켜 주고, 초 희박연소시 엔진(30)에서 배출되는 배기가스 내의 일산화탄소(CO) 및 탄화수소(THC) 성분을 처리하여 농도를 낮추어 배기가스를 정화시켜 주는 것이다.The oxidation catalyst 50 oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned gas fuel to hydrocarbon (THC) in the exhaust gas introduced through the first exhaust pipe 41 to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 0). ) to purify the exhaust gas, and treat the carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (THC) components in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 30 during ultra-lean combustion to lower the concentration to purify the exhaust gas.

통상적으로 촉매(catalyst)란 그 자신은 변화하지 않으면서 다른 물질의 화학반응을 촉진시켜 주는 물질을 말하는데, 차량에서 촉매장치란 배기가스 중의 유해물질을 산화(oxidation) 또는 환원(reduction) 반응을 통해 무해한 물질로 변환시켜주는 장치를 말하는 것이다. In general, a catalyst refers to a substance that promotes a chemical reaction of another substance without itself changing. It refers to a device that converts it into harmless substances.

또한, 상기 메탈폼 촉매, 메탈 섬유 촉매의 경우는 촉매의 기능과 수명을 연장시킬 수 있는 것이고, 상기 세라믹 촉매의 경우는 기공을 갖고 있고, 표면적이 넓어 배기가스의 유동시간과 그 흡입량을 증대시킬 수 있는 것이다. In addition, in the case of the metal foam catalyst and the metal fiber catalyst, it is possible to extend the function and lifespan of the catalyst, and in the case of the ceramic catalyst, it has pores and a large surface area to increase the flow time of exhaust gas and its intake it can be

상기 산화촉매(50)의 귀금속 성분은 백금(Pt)과 팔라듐(Pd)이며, 이를 사용하여 제1 배기파이프(41)를 통해 배출되는 배기가스에 포함되어 있는 유해성분인 일산화탄소(CO) 및 탄화수소(THC)의 농도를 낮추는 역할을 수행한다.The noble metal components of the oxidation catalyst 50 are platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd), and by using them, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons, which are harmful components contained in the exhaust gas discharged through the first exhaust pipe 41 (THC) plays a role in lowering the concentration.

여기서, 상기 산화촉매(50)의 역할의 부족한 부분인 질소산화물(NOx) 저감은 제어기(80)에서 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 적고, 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 초 희박연소 엔진 형태에 적용하거나 또는 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 희박연소 엔진에 공연비를 제어하는 것이다.Here, the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which is a deficient part of the role of the oxidation catalyst 50, is a small portion of the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the controller 80, and the emission of hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO) is large. It is applied to the ultra-lean-burn engine type of the gas engine heat pump (GHP) or to control the air-fuel ratio in the lean-burn engine of some gas engine heat pumps (GHP) that emits a lot of nitrogen oxide (NOx).

상기 제2 배기파이프(42)는 상기 산화촉매(50)와 열교환기(60)를 연결하며, 산화촉매(50)에서 처리한 배기가스가 열교환기(60)로 이동되게 하는 것이다.The second exhaust pipe 42 connects the oxidation catalyst 50 and the heat exchanger 60 , and the exhaust gas treated by the oxidation catalyst 50 moves to the heat exchanger 60 .

상기 열교환기(60)는 상기 엔진(30)에서 배출되어 제2 배기파이프(42)를 통해 들어온 배기가스와 냉각수를 열교환시키는 것이다.The heat exchanger 60 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 30 and introduced through the second exhaust pipe 42 with cooling water.

상기 제3 배기파이프(43)는 상기 열교환기(60)와 연결되며, 열교환된 배기가스가 배기관으로 이동되게 하는 것이다.The third exhaust pipe 43 is connected to the heat exchanger 60 and allows the heat-exchanged exhaust gas to move to the exhaust pipe.

도 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 제어기(80)는 상기 전자제어유닛(ECU)(70)과 엔진(30) 사이에 설치되며, 산화촉매(50) 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서(90)의 신호를 받아 믹서를 제어하여 줌으로써, 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어하는 것이다.2, the controller 80 is installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) 70 and the engine 30, the oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst 50 ( 90) to control the mixer, thereby controlling the amount of fuel according to a predetermined target air-fuel ratio.

또한, 산소(O2)센서(90)는 상기 배기매니폴드(21)와 산화촉매(50) 사이인 제1 배기파이프(41)에 장착되어 산소농도를 감지하여 제어기(80)에서 공연비(air fuel ratio)를 제어하도록 하며, 바이너리(Binary) 타입과 리니어(Linear) 타입을 선택적으로 적용할 수 있는 것이다. In addition, the oxygen (O 2 ) sensor 90 is mounted on the first exhaust pipe 41 between the exhaust manifold 21 and the oxidation catalyst 50 to sense the oxygen concentration, and the air-fuel ratio (air) in the controller 80 fuel ratio), and a binary type and a linear type can be selectively applied.

그러므로 상술한 본 발명인 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 적고, 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 초 희박연소 엔진 형태에 적용하거나 또는 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 희박연소 엔진에 공연비를 제어하는 형태로 적용하는 것이다. Therefore, the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system of the present invention as described above has a low emission of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and is very rare in some gas engine heat pumps (GHP), which emits a lot of hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). It is applied to the combustion engine type or to the lean-burn engine of some gas engine heat pumps (GHP) that emits a lot of nitrogen oxide (NOx) as a form of controlling the air-fuel ratio.

상술한 바와 같은, 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 도시가스, CNG, LPG 등 가스 엔진에 적용할 수 있으므로 그 적용대상이 광범위하다.As described above, the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system can be applied to gas engines such as city gas, CNG, LPG, and the like, and thus has a wide range of applications.

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 다양하게 수정 및 변경 실시할 수 있음은 이 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구나 이해할 수 있을 것이다. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, it will be understood by anyone skilled in the art.

10 : 믹서 11 : 전자식 스로틀밸브
20 : 흡기매니폴드 21 : 배기매니폴드
30 : 엔진 31 : 점화플러그
40 : 흡기파이프 41 : 제1 배기파이프
42 : 제2 배기파이프 43 : 제3 배기파이프
50 : 산화촉매 60 : 열교환기
70 : 전자제어유닛(ECU) 80 : 제어기
90 : 산소(O2)센서10: mixer 11: electronic throttle valve
20: intake manifold 21: exhaust manifold
30: engine 31: spark plug
40: intake pipe 41: first exhaust pipe
42: second exhaust pipe 43: third exhaust pipe
50: oxidation catalyst 60: heat exchanger
70: Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 80: Controller
90: oxygen (O 2 ) sensor

Claims (5)

저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템에 있어서,
가스연료와 공기가 균질하게 혼합되게 하는 믹서와;
상기 믹서에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 전자제어유닛의 신호를 받아 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 엔진으로 유입되는 양을 조절하는 전자식 스로틀밸브와;
상기 믹서에서 혼합된 혼합가스를 흡기매니폴드로 이동되게 하는 흡기파이프와;
상기 흡기파이프로부터 공기와 가스연료의 혼합가스를 엔진의 연소실로 공급할 수 있게 하는 흡기매니폴드와;
상기 혼합가스가 들어오는 흡기매니폴드와 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드와 결합되며, 공기와 혼합된 가스 연료를 점화(spark)에 의해 착화(ignition)하여 출력을 발생시킬 수 있게 하는 엔진과;
상기 엔진에서 연소되어 배출되는 배기가스가 통합되고 촉매 활성화 온도 확보를 위해 엔진 후단의 기존의 습식 배기매니폴드의 냉각수라인을 변경 또는 냉각수 라인이 없는 건식 배기매니폴드와;
상기 믹서에서의 공기와 연료량을 제어하고, 요구 엔진 회전수 및 부하에 따라 전자식 스로틀밸브를 제어하여 유입되는 혼합가스 양을 제어하고, 흡기파이프를 통해 흡기매니폴드로 들어온 혼합가스가 엔진으로 유입된 후 상기 혼합가스를 전기 스파크에 의해 연소시키는 점화플러그를 제어하는 전자제어유닛(ECU)과;
상기 엔진에서 연소된 배기가스가 배출되는 배기매니폴드와 산화촉매를 연결하며, 연소된 배기가스가 배출되어 산화촉매로 이동되게 하는 제1 배기파이프와;
상기 엔진에서 배출되어 제1 배기파이프를 통해 들어온 배기가스에서 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소(THC)를 산화시켜 이산화탄소(CO2)와 수증기(H20)로 변화시켜 배기가스를 정화시켜 주고, 초 희박연소시 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스 내의 일산화탄소(CO) 및 탄화수소(THC) 성분을 처리하여 농도를 낮추어 배기가스를 정화시켜 주는 산화촉매와;
상기 산화촉매와 열교환기를 연결하며, 산화촉매에서 처리한 배기가스가 열교환기로 이동되게 하는 제2 배기파이프와;
상기 엔진에서 배출되어 제2 배기파이프를 통해 들어온 배기가스와 냉각수를 열교환시키는 열교환기와;
상기 열교환기와 연결되며, 열교환된 배기가스가 배기관으로 이동되게 하는 제3 배기파이프; 를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템.In the low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system,
a mixer for homogeneously mixing gas fuel and air;
an electronic throttle valve that receives a signal from an electronic control unit to control the amount of mixed gas mixed in the mixer flowing into the engine according to the required engine speed and load;
an intake pipe for moving the mixed gas mixed in the mixer to an intake manifold;
an intake manifold for supplying a mixed gas of air and gas fuel from the intake pipe to the combustion chamber of the engine;
An engine that is coupled to an intake manifold into which the mixed gas enters and an exhaust manifold through which the combusted exhaust gas is discharged, and ignites the gas fuel mixed with air by spark to generate output; ;
a dry exhaust manifold having no coolant line or changing the coolant line of the existing wet exhaust manifold at the rear end of the engine in order to integrate the exhaust gas that is combusted and discharged from the engine and secure a catalyst activation temperature;
Controls the amount of air and fuel in the mixer, controls the amount of mixed gas flowing in by controlling the electronic throttle valve according to the required engine speed and load, and the mixed gas that enters the intake manifold through the intake pipe flows into the engine. an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling a spark plug that then burns the mixed gas by an electric spark;
a first exhaust pipe connecting the exhaust manifold from which the exhaust gas burned in the engine is discharged and the oxidation catalyst, and configured to discharge the burned exhaust gas and move it to the oxidation catalyst;
It oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and entering through the first exhaust pipe to change it into carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 0) to purify the exhaust gas, an oxidation catalyst that purifies the exhaust gas by treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (THC) components in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine during lean combustion;
a second exhaust pipe connecting the oxidation catalyst and the heat exchanger and allowing the exhaust gas treated by the oxidation catalyst to move to the heat exchanger;
a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and introduced through the second exhaust pipe and cooling water;
a third exhaust pipe connected to the heat exchanger and configured to move the heat-exchanged exhaust gas to the exhaust pipe; Low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system comprising a. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 전자제어유닛(ECU)과 엔진 사이에 설치되며, 산화촉매 전단에 장착된 산소(O2)센서의 신호를 받아 상기 믹서를 제어하여 희박연소를 초 희박연소화하고 소정의 목표 공연비에 따른 연료량을 제어하는 제어기; 를 더 포함함을 특징으로 하는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템.The method of claim 1,
It is installed between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the engine, and receives a signal from an oxygen (O 2 ) sensor mounted on the front end of the oxidation catalyst to control the mixer to achieve ultra-lean combustion and fuel amount according to a predetermined target air-fuel ratio a controller to control; Low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system, characterized in that it further comprises. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 배기매니폴드와 산화촉매 사이인 제1 배기파이프에 장착되어 산소농도를 감지하여 제어기로 신호를 보내며, 바이너리(Binary) 타입과 리니어(Linear) 타입을 선택적으로 적용할 수 있는 산소센서; 를 더 포함함을 특징으로 하는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템. The method of claim 1,
an oxygen sensor that is mounted on the first exhaust pipe between the exhaust manifold and the oxidation catalyst to sense oxygen concentration and send a signal to the controller, and can selectively apply a binary type and a linear type; Low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system, characterized in that it further comprises. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 산화촉매의 귀금속 성분은 백금(Pt)과 팔라듐(Pd)이며, 이를 사용하여 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배기가스를 정화하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템.The method of claim 1,
The noble metal components of the oxidation catalyst are platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd), and they are used to purify the exhaust gas of hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). ) retrofit system. 제 1항에 있어서,
저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템은 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 적고, 탄화수소(THC), 일산화탄소(CO)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 초 희박연소 엔진 형태에 적용하거나 또는 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출이 많은 일부 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP)의 희박연소 엔진에 공연비를 제어하는 형태로 적용하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 저공해 가스엔진히트펌프(GHP) 개조시스템.The method of claim 1,
The low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system is applied to the ultra-lean-burn engine type of some gas engine heat pumps (GHP), which emits less nitrogen oxide (NOx) and emits a lot of hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). Or low-emission gas engine heat pump (GHP) retrofit system, characterized in that it includes applying in the form of controlling the air-fuel ratio to the lean-burn engines of some gas engine heat pumps (GHP) that emit a lot of nitrogen oxide (NOx).
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