KR102354455B1 - Method for producing pellets for fuel using mushroom waste media - Google Patents
Method for producing pellets for fuel using mushroom waste media Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
- C10L5/143—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders with lignin-containing products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 연료용 펠릿 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 다양한 종류의 버섯 배양에 사용이 끝나 버려지는 다량의 폐배지를 이용하여 친환경적이면서 발열량도 우수한 연료용 펠릿을 제조하는 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing pellets for fuel, and more particularly, using a mushroom waste medium for producing pellets for fuel that is eco-friendly and has excellent calorific value by using a large amount of waste medium discarded after being used for culturing various kinds of mushrooms. It relates to a method for manufacturing pellets for fuel.
일반적으로 다양한 종류의 버섯을 배양하고 난 후의 폐배지는 연료로서의 재사용 가치가 높음에도 불구하고 대부분이 비료 또는 퇴비제조시 혼합되는 첨가제로만이 사용하는 것이 통상적이다. 또는, 음식물 처리 시 염분 농도를 희석하기 위한 내용물로 혼합되어 사료로 활용되기도 하나, 소화 흡수가 어려워 현실성이 떨어지는 단점을 가진다. In general, although the waste medium after culturing various types of mushrooms has a high re-use value as a fuel, it is common to use most of them only as an additive to be mixed in fertilizer or compost production. Alternatively, it is mixed with the contents for diluting the salt concentration during food treatment and used as feed, but it has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to digest and absorb, so that it is not realistic.
아울러, 버섯 생산량은 웰빙(well-being) 시대를 맞이하여 꾸준히 증가하면서 국내에서만 2011년도에 폐배지의 생산량은 1,500,000톤으로 집계되었다. In addition, mushroom production has steadily increased in the era of well-being, and the production of waste media in Korea alone in 2011 was 1,500,000 tons.
본 발명에서는 상기한 막대한 양의 버섯의 폐배지를 이용하여 연료용 펠릿으로 활용하는 기술을 제공한다. The present invention provides a technique for using the waste medium of the above enormous amount of mushrooms as pellets for fuel.
상기한 버섯의 폐배지를 활용하여 연료로서 사용하도록 한 종래의 선행기술에는 대한민국 등록특허공보 제10-1609696호, 대한민국 등록특허공보 제10-1728233호, 대한민국 등록특허공보 제10-1953361호, 대한민국 등록특허공보 제10-2078958호 등에 게시된 바 있다(이하 '선행기술문헌들'이라 한다). In the prior art that utilizes the above-mentioned waste medium of mushrooms to be used as fuel, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1609696, Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1728233, Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1953361, Republic of Korea It has been published in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2078958 (hereinafter referred to as 'prior art documents').
상기와 같은 종래의 제반 문제점을 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 구체적인 기술적 해결과제는 다양한 종류의 버섯 배양에 사용이 끝나 버려지는 다량의 폐배지를 이용하여 친환경적이면서 발열량도 우수한 연료용 펠릿을 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 데 있다. A specific technical solution of the present invention for solving the various problems of the prior art is a method for producing pellets for fuel that is eco-friendly and has excellent calorific value by using a large amount of waste media that is discarded after being used for culturing various kinds of mushrooms. is to provide
본 발명의 다른 구체적인 기술적 해결과제는 더욱더 우수한 발열량을 가질 수 있도록 하는 데 있다. Another specific technical problem of the present invention is to enable it to have an even better calorific value.
본 발명은 버섯 폐배지를 이물질 제거과정을 거쳐 건조기에서 함수율을 20 중량% 이하로 건조하는 단계; 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지 100 내지 200 중량부 및 첨가제 50 내지 100 중량부를 혼합기에서 혼합하여 배합물로 형성하는 배합단계; 상기 배합물을 분쇄기에서 분말 형태로 가공한 후 교반하면서 열풍가열에 의해 함수율이 2 중량% 이하로 건조하는 배합물 건조단계; 상기 건조된 배합물을 성형기에 투입하여 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 압축열과 마찰열에 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 1차 펠릿을 형성하는 1차 성형단계; 및 상기 1차 펠릿을 성형기에 투입하여 고압 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 압축열과 마찰열을 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 2차 펠릿을 형성하는 2차 성형단계;를 포함하는 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조방법을 제공한다. The present invention comprises the steps of drying the mushroom waste medium to a moisture content of 20% by weight or less in a dryer through a foreign material removal process; A mixing step of mixing 100 to 200 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 50 to 100 parts by weight of an additive in a mixer to form a mixture; Drying step of drying the formulation to a water content of 2 wt% or less by hot air heating while stirring after processing the formulation in a powder form; a primary molding step of putting the dried compound into a molding machine and drying and molding it using compression heat and friction heat generated through the compression process to form primary pellets; and a secondary molding step of putting the primary pellets into a molding machine and drying and molding using compression heat and frictional heat generated through a high-pressure compression process to form secondary pellets; provide a way
또한 상기 첨가제는 숯, 활성탄 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제1 첨가제, 건조 오니, 건조된 커피슬러지 분말 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제2 첨가제, 접착제, 리그닌 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제3 첨가제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the additive is a first additive comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, activated carbon, and combinations thereof, dried sludge, dried coffee sludge powder, and a first additive comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a combination thereof 2 It is characterized in that it comprises a third additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of additives, adhesives, lignin, and combinations thereof.
또한 상기 첨가제는 상기 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.2~0.8:0.2~0.8 중량비율로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the additive is characterized in that it contains the first additive, the second additive, and the third additive in a weight ratio of 1:0.2 to 0.8:0.2 to 0.8.
또한 상기 배합단계는 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지를 120 내지 170 중량부, 상기 첨가제를 70 내지 90 중량부 혼합하는 단계이며, 상기 첨가제는 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.4~0.6:0.4~0.6 중량비율로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the mixing step is a step of mixing 120 to 170 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 70 to 90 parts by weight of the additive, and the additive is a first additive, a second additive, and a third additive 1:0.4 ~ It is characterized in that it is included in a weight ratio of 0.6:0.4 to 0.6.
본 발명은 다양한 종류의 버섯 배양에 사용이 끝나 버려지는 다량의 폐배지를 이용하여 친환경적이면서 발열량도 우수한 연료용 펠릿을 제조하는 방법을 제공함으로써, 재 활용성을 극대화할 수 있는 효과와 함께 안정적으로 오랜 시간 높은 발열량으로 인한 에너지 절약에도 크게 기여할 수 있는 효과는 물론 신 재생에너지로서의 활용가치 높은 효과도 가진다. The present invention provides a method for producing pellets for fuel that is eco-friendly and has excellent calorific value using a large amount of waste media that is discarded after being used for culturing various kinds of mushrooms, stably with the effect of maximizing reusability It not only has an effect that can greatly contribute to energy saving due to the high calorific value for a long time, but also has a high utility value as a new and renewable energy.
또한, 더욱더 우수한 발열량을 가질 수 있도록 함으로써, 우수한 화력을 제공할 수 있는 효과도 가진다. In addition, by allowing it to have an even more excellent calorific value, it also has an effect of providing excellent thermal power.
도 1은 본 발명의 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조하는 과정을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the process of manufacturing pellets for fuel using the mushroom waste medium of the present invention.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부된 도면을 참고하여 더욱 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같으며, 본 발명이 실시 예에 의해 제한되거나 한정되는 것은 아니다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is not limited or limited by the embodiments.
도 1은 본 발명의 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조하는 과정을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the process of manufacturing pellets for fuel using the mushroom waste medium of the present invention.
도시된 바와 같이 발명의 배경이 되는 기술에 기재한 같이 연료로서의 재사용 가치가 높은 다량의 버섯 폐배지를 이용하여 각 분야에서 연소용의 연료로 사용할 수 있는 펠릿을 제조할 수 있는 기술을 제제한다. As shown, a technology capable of manufacturing pellets that can be used as fuel for combustion in each field is prepared using a large amount of mushroom waste medium with high reuse value as a fuel, as described in the background technology of the invention.
본 발명은 다양한 종류의 버섯 배양에 사용이 끝나 버려지는 다량의 폐배지를 이용하여 친환경적이면서 발열량도 우수한 연료용 펠릿을 제조하는 버섯 폐배지는 포함하는 연료용 펠릿 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel pellet manufacturing method comprising a mushroom waste medium for producing eco-friendly and excellent calorific value pellets using a large amount of waste medium discarded after being used for culturing various kinds of mushrooms.
본 발명에 따른 버섯 폐배지를 이용하여 연료용 펠릿을 제조하는 바람직한 실시 예는 다음과 같다. A preferred embodiment of producing pellets for fuel using the mushroom waste medium according to the present invention is as follows.
먼저, 수거된 버섯 폐배지에 포함된 각종 이물질, 비닐이나 나뭇가지, 철 등을 통상 컨베이어 벨트 등에 의해 이송하는 과정에서 거름망이나 회전되는 드럼의 외면에 복수 개의 제거 바가 구비되어 이물질을 제거하는 제거기 또는 자석 선별기 등을 사용하여 이물질을 제거한다. First, a plurality of removal bars are provided on the outer surface of a sieve or a rotating drum in the process of transporting various foreign substances, vinyl, tree branches, iron, etc., contained in the collected mushroom waste medium by a conventional conveyor belt to remove foreign substances or Remove foreign substances using a magnetic separator, etc.
버섯 폐배지 또한 버섯 재배에 따른 수분을 많이 함유하고 있는 관계로 이물질이 제거된 버섯 폐배지를 통상적인 컨베이어 벨트로 이송하는 과정에서 열풍을 공급하여 건조하거나 또는 드럼 형태의 건조기에서 열풍을 공급하여 함수율을 20 중량% 이하로 건조하는 단계를 행한다. Mushroom waste media also contains a lot of moisture from mushroom cultivation, so in the process of transferring the waste mushroom media from which foreign substances have been removed to a conventional conveyor belt, it is dried by supplying hot air or by supplying hot air from a drum-type dryer to provide moisture content. A step of drying to 20% by weight or less is performed.
상기 버섯 폐배지를 건조 시 직접 열을 가할 경우, 버섯 폐배지가 탄화될 수 있는 관계로, 간접 열인 열풍 등으로 건조하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 함수율을 낮추기 위해서는 건조를 포함하여 일반적인 투입물, 일 예로, 고형물이나 톱밥 등과 같은 투입물을 혼합하여 함수율을 낮추어도 무방하다. 이러한 투입물은 펠릿 제조시 성형성과 연소 효율을 더욱더 높일 수 있다. When direct heat is applied to drying the mushroom waste medium, it is preferable to dry the mushroom waste medium with hot air, which is indirect heat, since the mushroom waste medium may be carbonized. In order to lower the moisture content, a general input including drying, for example, may be mixed with an input such as a solid or sawdust to lower the moisture content. These inputs can further improve the formability and combustion efficiency in pellet manufacturing.
상기에서, 버섯 폐배지의 수분을 20 중량% 이하로 건조하는 것은 함수율이 높을 경우, 펠릿 형태의 성형성이 저하되는 것을 방지하면서 다른 첨가제와의 혼합 시 수분율을 감안한 것이다. In the above, drying the moisture of the mushroom waste medium to 20% by weight or less takes into account the moisture content when mixing with other additives while preventing the moldability of the pellet form from being deteriorated when the moisture content is high.
그런 다음 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지 및 첨가제를 혼합기에서 혼합하여 배합물로 형성하는 배합단계를 수행한다.Then, a mixing step of mixing the dried mushroom waste medium and additives in a mixer to form a mixture is performed.
상기 첨가제는 숯, 활성탄 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제1 첨가제, 건조 오니, 건조된 커피슬러지 분말 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제2 첨가제, 접착제, 리그닌 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제3 첨가제를 포함한다.The additive includes a first additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, activated carbon, and combinations thereof, and a second additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of dried sludge, dried coffee sludge powder, and combinations thereof. and a third additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of additives, adhesives, lignin, and combinations thereof.
상기 리그린은 침엽수나 활엽수 등의 목질부를 구성하는 다양한 구성성분 중에서 지용성 페놀고분자를 의미하는 것으로서, 비균일성(heterogeneous)과 무정형성(amorphous)의 특성을 가진다. 그로 인해 제3 첨가제 중 상기 리그닌을 단독 사용시에는 첨가함량을 조절하여 별도의 접착제와 첨가제 없이도 펠릿의 강도 및 발열량을 조절할 수 있는 특징을 가진다. 상기 리그닌은 더욱 구체적으로 소듐 리그노술포네이트(sodium lignosulfonate) 또는 칼슘 리그노술포네이트(calcium lignosulfonate)를 포함한다. The ligrin refers to a fat-soluble phenolic polymer among various constituents constituting the wood part such as conifers or broadleaf trees, and has heterogeneous and amorphous characteristics. Therefore, when the lignin is used alone among the third additives, the strength and calorific value of the pellets can be controlled without a separate adhesive and additives by controlling the added content. The lignin more specifically includes sodium lignosulfonate or calcium lignosulfonate.
상기에서, 첨가제는 배합물의 성형성은 물론 강도 보강과 특히 제2 펠릿으로 최종 성형된 후 연소시 열량보강 역할을 함에 따라 연소 효율성이 뛰어남은 물론 우수한 발열량을 가질 수 있도록 하는 역할을 한다. In the above, the additive serves to enhance the formability of the formulation as well as to reinforce the strength and, in particular, to enhance the calorific value during combustion after being finally molded into the second pellet, so that it can have excellent calorific value as well as excellent combustion efficiency.
상기에서의 배합단계는 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지 100 내지 200 중량부 및 첨가제 50 내지 100 중량부를 혼합기에서 혼합하여 배합물로 형성하는 단계이다. 상기 첨가제는 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.2~0.8:0.2~0.8 중량비율로 포함한다. The mixing step in the above is a step of mixing 100 to 200 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 50 to 100 parts by weight of the additive in a mixer to form a mixture. The additive includes the first additive, the second additive, and the third additive in a weight ratio of 1:0.2 to 0.8:0.2 to 0.8.
바람직하게는 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지를 120 내지 170 중량부, 상기 첨가제를 70 내지 90 중량부 혼합하며, 상기 첨가제는 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.4~0.6:0.4~0.6 중량비율로 포함하는 것이 좋다. Preferably, 120 to 170 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 70 to 90 parts by weight of the additive are mixed, and the additive includes the first additive, the second additive and the third additive from 1:0.4 to 0.6:0.4 to It is preferable to include it in a weight ratio of 0.6.
상기한 중량비율은 제조된 펠릿이 연소하는 과정에서 측정된 우수한 발열량을 갖도록 하기 위함이며, 후술할 실시 예 및 비교 예를 통하여 측정된 발열량을 참고한다. The above-mentioned weight ratio is in order to ensure that the produced pellets have an excellent calorific value measured during combustion, and refer to the calorific value measured through Examples and Comparative Examples to be described later.
그리고 나서 상기 배합물을 통상적인 분쇄기에서 성형을 위해 분말 형태로 가공한 후 교반 하면서 열풍가열에 의해 함수율이 2 중량% 이하로 건조하는 배합물 건조단계를 행한다. Then, after processing the compound in a powder form for molding in a conventional grinder, a drying step of drying the compound to a moisture content of 2% by weight or less by hot air heating while stirring is performed.
상기에서, 배합물을 분말 형태로 가공하는 것은 펠릿 성형 시 우수한 성형성과 함께 취급은 물론 물류를 편리하게 하기 위한 것이다. In the above, processing the formulation into powder form is to facilitate handling as well as logistics with excellent moldability during pellet molding.
또한, 상기 배합물을 교반 하면서 건조하는 것은 함수율을 2 중량% 이하로 단시간 내에 신속하게 건조가 이루어질 수 있도록 하기 위함이며, 분말 형태로 가공됨으로 인해 우수한 성형성을 가질 수 있도록 하기 위한 것이다. In addition, the drying while stirring the mixture is to have a moisture content of 2% by weight or less so that it can be dried quickly within a short time, and to have excellent moldability due to being processed into a powder form.
이는 펠릿으로의 성형하기 직전으로 가급적 수분 함유량을 최소화하기 위한 것이며, 수분이 완전히 없을 경우, 성형성이 떨어짐에 따라 소량의 수분을 함유한다. This is to minimize the moisture content as much as possible immediately before molding into pellets, and when there is no moisture completely, it contains a small amount of moisture as the moldability deteriorates.
다음으로, 펠릿으로 성형하기 위한 과정은 1차와 2차로 나누어진다. Next, the process for forming into pellets is divided into primary and secondary.
먼저, 상기 건조된 배합물을 성형기에 투입하여 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 100 내지 130℃의 압축열과 마찰열에 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 1차 펠릿을 형성하는 1차 성형단계를 행한다. First, the dried compound is put into a molding machine and dried and molded using heat of compression and friction heat of 100 to 130° C. generated through the compression process to perform a primary molding step of forming primary pellets.
이러한 1차 성형단계는 펠릿을 성형하기 위한 1차적인 임시 성형과정으로, 펠릿 형태의 모양을 갖추면서 그 배합물에 포함된 일부의 수분이 증발된다. 이때, 1차 성형된 펠릿은 후술하는 2차 성형 펠릿에 비해 무른 상태이다. This primary forming step is a primary temporary forming process for forming pellets, and some moisture contained in the formulation is evaporated while taking the shape of a pellet. At this time, the primary molded pellets are softer than secondary molded pellets to be described later.
이렇게, 1차 펠릿이 성형 되면, 상기 1차 펠릿을 성형기에 다시 투입하여 고압 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 130 내지 160℃의 압축열과 마찰열을 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 2차 펠릿을 형성하는 2차 성형단계를 포함한다. In this way, when the primary pellets are molded, the primary pellets are put back into the molding machine and dried and molded using the compression heat and friction heat of 130 to 160° C. generated through the high-pressure compression process to form secondary pellets. includes steps.
상기에서, 2차 펠릿은 연료용으로 즉시 사용할 수 있는 것으로, 취급시 크랙(crack) 또는 파손을 방지하기 위해 1차 펠릿에 비하여 더 건조하고, 응집이 높아 높은 강도를 가진다. In the above, the secondary pellets can be used immediately for fuel, and are drier than the primary pellets to prevent cracks or breakage during handling, and have high strength due to high cohesion.
특히, 160℃에서 고압으로 압축함에 따라 1차 펠릿의 배합물 내의 공기가 완전히 빠짐으로써, 즉 2차 펠릿은 고밀도를 갖도록 성형됨에 따라 장시간 안정적으로 연소가 이루어질 수 있는 조건을 가진다. In particular, as the air in the mixture of the primary pellets is completely exhausted by compression at high pressure at 160° C., that is, the secondary pellets are molded to have a high density, so that the combustion can be made stably for a long time.
<실시 예 및 비교 예> <Examples and Comparative Examples>
먼저, 버섯 폐배지를 이물질 제거공정을 거친 후 함수율 20 중량% 이하로 건조시킨 다음 하기 표 1에 나타낸 것과 같은 배합물로 배합하였다. 이 배합물을 분쇄기에서 분말 형태로 가공 후 교반하면서 열풍가열에 의해 함수율이 2 중량% 이하로 건조시키고, 건조된 배합물을 1차 성형 및 2차 성형하여 펠릿을 제조하였다. First, the mushroom waste medium was dried to a moisture content of 20% by weight or less after going through a foreign material removal process, and then blended into a formulation as shown in Table 1 below. After processing this formulation in a powder form in a pulverizer, the mixture was dried to a moisture content of 2 wt% or less by hot air heating while stirring, and the dried formulation was first molded and secondary molded to prepare pellets.
<발열량 측정> <Measurement of calorific value>
상기 실시 예 및 비교 예에 따라 제조된 펠릿의 단위 중량당 발열량 및 발열시간을 측정하였다. The calorific value and exothermic time per unit weight of the pellets prepared according to the Examples and Comparative Examples were measured.
상기 표 2에 나타난 것과 같이 실시 예에 따른 펠릿이 비교 예에 비하여 발열량이 높고 발열시간이 긴 것을 확인할 수 있으며, 특히 실시 예 2 및 3에 따른 펠릿의 발열량 및 발열시간이 우수한 것을 확인할 수 있다. As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the pellets according to Examples have a higher calorific value and a longer exothermic time than Comparative Examples, and in particular, it can be confirmed that the calorific value and exothermic time of the pellets according to Examples 2 and 3 are excellent.
이로써, 본 발명은 복잡한 공정을 거치지 않고도 버섯 폐배지를 이용하여 우수한 발열량을 가지는 펠릿을 제공할 수 있다. Accordingly, the present invention can provide a pellet having an excellent calorific value using a mushroom waste medium without going through a complicated process.
Claims (2)
상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지 100 내지 200 중량부 및 첨가제 50 내지 100 중량부를 혼합기에서 혼합하여 배합물로 형성하는 배합단계;
상기 배합물을 분쇄기에서 분말 형태로 가공한 후 교반하면서 열풍가열에 의해 함수율이 2 중량% 이하로 건조하는 배합물 건조단계;
상기 건조된 배합물을 성형기에 투입하여 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 압축열과 마찰열에 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 1차 펠릿을 형성하는 1차 성형단계; 및
상기 1차 펠릿을 성형기에 투입하여 고압 압축 과정을 통해 발생하는 압축열과 마찰열을 이용하여 건조 및 성형하여 2차 펠릿을 형성하는 2차 성형단계;를 포함하고,
상기 첨가제는 숯, 활성탄 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제1 첨가제, 건조 오니, 건조된 커피슬러지 분말 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 제2 첨가제 및 리그닌을 포함하는 제3 첨가제를 포함하며,
상기 리그닌은 소듐 리그노술포네이트(sodium lignosulfonate) 또는 칼슘 리그노술포네이트(calcium lignosulfonate)를 포함하며,
상기 첨가제는 상기 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.2~0.8:0.2~0.8 중량비율로 포함하는 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조방법.
drying the mushroom waste medium to a moisture content of 20% by weight or less in a dryer through a process of removing foreign substances;
A mixing step of mixing 100 to 200 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 50 to 100 parts by weight of an additive in a mixer to form a mixture;
a drying step of drying the mixture to a moisture content of 2 wt% or less by heating with hot air while processing the mixture in a powder form in a grinder;
a primary molding step of putting the dried compound into a molding machine and drying and molding it using compression heat and friction heat generated through the compression process to form primary pellets; and
A secondary molding step of putting the primary pellets into a molding machine and drying and molding them using compression heat and friction heat generated through a high-pressure compression process to form secondary pellets;
The additive includes a first additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, activated carbon, and combinations thereof, and a second additive including at least one selected from the group consisting of dried sludge, dried coffee sludge powder, and combinations thereof. an additive and a third additive comprising lignin;
The lignin comprises sodium lignosulfonate (sodium lignosulfonate) or calcium lignosulfonate (calcium lignosulfonate),
The additive is the first additive, the second additive, and the third additive 1:0.2 ~ 0.8: A method for producing pellets for fuel using a mushroom waste medium comprising a 0.2 ~ 0.8 weight ratio.
상기 배합단계는 상기 건조된 버섯 폐배지를 120 내지 170 중량부, 상기 첨가제를 70 내지 90 중량부 혼합하는 단계이며,
상기 첨가제는 제1 첨가제, 제2 첨가제 및 제3 첨가제를 1:0.4~0.6:0.4~0.6 중량비율로 포함하는 버섯 폐배지를 이용한 연료용 펠릿 제조방법. According to claim 1,
The mixing step is a step of mixing 120 to 170 parts by weight of the dried mushroom waste medium and 70 to 90 parts by weight of the additive,
The additive is a first additive, a second additive and a third additive 1:0.4 to 0.6: a method for producing pellets for fuel using a mushroom waste medium comprising a 0.4 to 0.6 weight ratio.
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