KR102038692B1 - Manufacture method for solid fuel using dung of cattle - Google Patents
Manufacture method for solid fuel using dung of cattle Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
- C10L2200/0213—Group II metals: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Zn, Cd, Hg
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
- C10L2200/024—Group VIII metals: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/0272—Silicon containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/029—Salts, such as carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, percompounds, e.g. peroxides, perborates, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, and silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
본 발명은 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 보다 구체적으로, 우분의 악취를 제거하기 위하여 우분에 부식산을 첨가하여 악취를 1차 감소시키는 단계; 우분에 왕겨, 호두껍질 분말 및 전분을 첨가하여 혼합물을 제조하고, 상기 혼합물에 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘을 첨가하여 성형성을 제고하며 수분함량을 조절하고, 수분함량이 조절된 혼합물에 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진을 첨가하고 혼합하여 악취를 2차 제거하며 성형에 적합한 점도로 조절하고, 점도가 조절된 혼합물을 성형하는 단계를 포함하는 우분을 이용한 고체 연료의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder. More specifically, the first step of reducing the odor by adding humic acid to the milk powder to remove the odor of the milk powder; Chaff, walnut shell powder and starch are added to the milk powder to prepare a mixture. Graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide are added to the mixture to improve moldability, to control moisture content, and to adjust the moisture content to the mixture. It relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder comprising the step of adding charcoal powder, mica, zeolite and rosin to remove the odor secondary to adjust to a viscosity suitable for molding, and forming a mixture having a controlled viscosity .
Description
본 발명은 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 보다 구체적으로, 우분의 악취를 저감시키고, 성형성이 우수하며, 연소효율이 높은 고체연료의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel which reduces odor of milk powder, is excellent in moldability, and has high combustion efficiency.
최근 식생활문화의 변화로 인하여 육류 소비가 증가하고 있다. 축산농가에서 사육되는 가축두수는 2010년에 208,274,000두이었으나, 2015년에는 236,846,000두로 증가하였다. 이에 따른 가축분뇨 발생량은 135,653㎥/일 에서 173,304㎥/일 로 증가하였다. (환경부, 가축분뇨 처리통계)Recently, meat consumption is increasing due to the change of dietary culture. The number of livestock heads raised in livestock farms was 208,274,000 heads in 2010, but increased to 236,846,000 heads in 2015. Animal manure incidence increased from 135,653㎥ / day to 173,304㎥ / day. (Ministry of Environment, Livestock Manure Treatment Statistics)
축산농가에서 사육되는 가축으로부터 배설되는 분뇨는 상당한 양이며, 축산농가들은 분뇨의 처리에 많은 곤란을 겪고 있다. 또한, 가축분뇨는 수질오염원 중 가장 중요한 비점오염원으로 관리되고 있다. 그러나, 처리시설을 갖추지 않고 소규모의 전통방식으로 사육하는 가구는 무단 방출하여 환경을 오염시키고 있는 상태이다. 또한, 분뇨를 제대로 처리하지 않거나, 처리가 늦어지는 경우 심각한 악취가 발생되므로 축산농가들은 주변의 민원을 받고 있는 실정이다. Manure excreted from livestock raised in livestock farmers is a considerable amount, and livestock farmers have a lot of difficulties in handling manure. In addition, livestock manure is managed as the most important nonpoint source of water pollution. However, households that do not have a treatment facility and raise them in a small, traditional manner are polluted by unauthorized release. In addition, if the manure is not properly handled, or the treatment is delayed serious odor is generated, the livestock farmers are receiving complaints around.
한편, 가축분뇨를 활용하기 위한 방법으로, 다양한 방법들이 시도되고 있다. 고형성분의 퇴비화처리, 액체성분의 정화처리 등은 이미 많이 이루어지고 있는 방법이다. 그러나 상기 방법은 시간 및 노력이 많이 수반되어야 하는 작업으로 해양배출 등에 의존하는 농가들도 있다. On the other hand, as a method for utilizing livestock manure, various methods have been tried. Composting of solid components, purification of liquid components, and the like have already been made. However, this method is a work that requires a lot of time and effort, and some farmers rely on marine emissions.
그러나, 폐기물 해양배출 관련 국제협약에 의해 정부에서 폐기물 해양배출감소 정책을 고려하고 있어 더 이상 해양 배출이 어려움을 감안한다면 축사에서 발생되는 가축분뇨의 처리를 위한 새로운 방법이 필요하다. However, if the government is considering a policy to reduce waste marine emissions under international agreements on waste ocean emissions, a new method for the treatment of livestock manure from the barn is needed, given that marine emissions are no longer difficult.
이에 본 출원인은 본 발명을 통해 가축분뇨에 의한 수질오염을 줄이고, 양질의 고체연료를 제조함으로써 가축분뇨의 처리를 원활하게 하고자 한다. 다양한 축산 분뇨 중에서도 우분(牛糞)을 이용하여 고형연료를 제조하는 방법을 안출하였다. Accordingly, the present applicant intends to smooth the treatment of livestock manure by reducing the water pollution by livestock manure through the present invention, by producing a solid fuel of good quality. Among various livestock manures, a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder was devised.
이하, 선행기술을 살펴보면 대한민국 공개특허공보 제10-2017-0031434호에는 돼지 분뇨를 이용한 바이오연료 제조장치에 대해 기재되어 있다. 돼지의 분과 뇨를 분리하여 돼지 분은 고체연료로 만들고, 돼지 뇨는 액상의 화석연료와 혼합하여 유화유로 생산하는 것에 대해서 기재되어 있다. Hereinafter, looking at the prior art, the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0031434 describes a biofuel manufacturing apparatus using pig manure. Pig meal and urine are separated and pig meal is described as solid fuel, and pig urine is mixed with liquid fossil fuel to produce emulsified oil.
그러나, 우분(소의 분)과 돼지 분은 성분이 상이하고, 상기 선행기술에서 돼지 분을 고체연료로 만드는 방법에 대해서는 단순히 건조하여 성형하는 것에 대해서만 기재하고 있는 바, 축분을 고체연료로 제조하여 사용할 때, 고체연료의 효율을 높이기 위한 방법 및 악취를 제거하기 위한 방법이 요구된다.However, cow flour (bovine meal) and pork meal are different in composition, and the method of making pig meal into a solid fuel in the prior art is described only for drying and shaping. In this case, a method for increasing the efficiency of solid fuel and a method for removing odor are required.
본 발명의 기술적 과제는 가축사육두수의 증가로 과도하게 발생되는 우분을 재활용하여 고체연료로 활용할 수 있는 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다. The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder that can be utilized as a solid fuel by recycling the milk powder excessively generated by the increase in livestock breeding head.
또한, 우분의 악취를 감소시켜 고체연료의 보관 및 활용이 용이한 고체연료의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다. In addition, it is to provide a method for producing a solid fuel that is easy to store and use the solid fuel by reducing the bad smell of manure.
또한, 우분을 주재료로 이용하면서도 연소효율이 높은 고체연료의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.In addition, to provide a method for producing a solid fuel with high combustion efficiency while using the manure as the main material.
상기한 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명의 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법은, 우분을 수거하여 교반기에 투입하고 교반하는 단계; 교반기의 우분을 선별기로 이송한 후 협잡물을 분리하여 제거하는 단계; 협잡물이 제거된 우분에 부식산을 첨가하여 악취를 1차 감소시키는 단계; 악취가 감소된 우분에 왕겨, 호두껍질 분말 및 전분을 첨가하여 혼합물을 제조하는 단계; 상기 혼합물에 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘을 첨가하여 성형성을 제고하고 수분함량을 조절하는 단계; 수분함량이 조절된 혼합물에 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진을 첨가하고 혼합하여 악취를 2차 제거하며 성형에 적합한 점도로 조절하는 단계; 및 점도가 조절된 혼합물을 성형하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In order to solve the above problems, the method for producing a solid fuel using the milk powder of the present invention, the step of collecting the milk powder in a stirrer and stirring; Transferring the milk powder of the stirrer to the sorter to separate and remove the contaminants; Firstly reducing the odor by adding humic acid to the skim from which the contaminants have been removed; Preparing a mixture by adding chaff, walnut shell powder, and starch to odor-reduced milk powder; Adding graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide to improve the formability and to adjust the water content to the mixture; Adding charcoal powder, biotite, zeolite and rosin to the water content-controlled mixture and mixing to remove odor secondary and to adjust to a viscosity suitable for molding; And shaping the mixture having a controlled viscosity.
본 발명에서, 상기 혼합물은, 우분 70~100중량부, 왕겨 5~20중량부, 호두껍질 3~10중량부 및 전분 1~5중량부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In the present invention, the mixture is characterized in that it comprises 70 to 100 parts by weight of milk powder, 5 to 20 parts by weight of chaff, 3 to 10 parts by weight of walnut shell and 1 to 5 parts by weight of starch.
본 발명에서, 상기 수분함량을 조절하는 단계는, 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 흑연분말 1~5중량부, 산화제2철 1~5중량부 및 수산화 마그네슘 0.1~1중량부를 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In the present invention, the step of adjusting the water content is characterized in that 1 to 5 parts by weight of graphite powder, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ferric oxide and 0.1 to 1 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide are added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture.
본 발명에서, 상기 성형에 적합한 점도로 조절하는 단계는, 상기 수분함량이 조절된 혼합물 100중량부에 숯가루 1~3중량부, 견운모 0.1~1중량부, 제오라이트 0.1~1중량부 및 송진 0.5~3중량부를 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In the present invention, the step of adjusting to a suitable viscosity for molding, 1 to 3 parts by weight of charcoal powder, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of mica, 0.1 to 1 part by weight zeolite and 0.5 rosin to 100 parts by weight of the mixture, the moisture content is adjusted It is characterized by adding 3 parts by weight.
본 발명의 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법은 우분과 왕겨, 호두껍질과 같은 재활용 되기 어려운 소재들을 재활용하여 사용하되, 연소효율이 높은 고체연료를 제공할 수 있는 효과가 있다. Solid fuel manufacturing method using the powder of the present invention is used to recycle materials that are difficult to recycle, such as milk powder, chaff, walnut shell, there is an effect that can provide a solid fuel with high combustion efficiency.
또한, 고체연료에서 분료의 악취가 나지 않고, 성형성이 우수하여 미분이 날리지 않으므로, 고체연료의 보관이 용이한 효과가 있다. In addition, since the odor of the powder does not appear in the solid fuel, the moldability is excellent and fine powder does not fly, there is an effect that the storage of the solid fuel is easy.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법의 흐름도이다. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing a solid fuel using milk powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하 본 발명을 도면과 실시예를 통해 보다 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
본 명세서 및 청구 범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 안되며, 발명자는 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.The terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to best describe their own invention. Based on the principle, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.
따라서 본 명세서에 기재된 실시예, 참조예 및 도면에 기술된 사항은 본 발명의 가장 바람직한 일 예에 불과할 뿐이고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 모두 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본 출원시점에 있어서 이들을 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형예들이 있을 수 있음을 이해하여야 한다.Therefore, the matters described in the embodiments, reference examples, and drawings described herein are only the most preferable examples of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. It should be understood that there may be various equivalents and variations in the range.
본 발명에서는 우분(牛糞)을 이용하여 고체연료로 제조하여, 처리되지 못한 우분의 과도한 발생에 따른 악취 및 수질오염 등을 해결할 수 있으며, 우분과 함께 왕겨 및 호두껍질 분말을 사용함으로써, 고체연료의 효율을 높이고 쌀을 수득하고 남은 왕겨와 호두를 수득하고 남은 껍질을 재활용하는 효과가 있다. In the present invention, by manufacturing a solid fuel using the powdered milk, it is possible to solve the bad smell and water pollution caused by excessive generation of untreated milk powder, by using chaff and walnut shell powder with the powdered milk, It has the effect of increasing the efficiency, obtaining rice, obtaining the remaining chaff and walnuts, and recycling the remaining shells.
또한, 우분의 악취를 제거하는 방법으로 부식산을 사용하여 1차로 악취를 감소시킨 후, 호두껍질 분말, 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진을 사용하여 고체연료 제조 후 우분에 의해 발생할 수 있는 악취를 제거함으로써 보관 및 사용이 용이한 고체연료를 제공할 수 있다. In addition, the odor can be firstly reduced by using humic acid as a method of removing odor of milk powder, and then walnut shell powder, charcoal powder, biotite, zeolite and rosin are used to remove the odor that can be caused by milk powder after solid fuel production. Removal can provide a solid fuel that is easy to store and use.
실시예 1. 우분을 이용한 고체연료 제조방법Example 1. Solid fuel production method using milk powder
1) 우분을 수집하여 교반 및 협잡물을 분리하는 단계1) collecting the milk powder to separate the agitation and contaminants
축산 농가에서 발생한 우분을 수거하여 교반기에 넣고 교반하여, 덩어리지는 부분없이 수집된 우분이 고른 밀도를 갖도록 한다. 교반된 우분을 선별기로 이송하여 협잡물을 분리하고 제거한다. The milk powder generated from the livestock farms is collected, put into a stirrer, and stirred, so that the collected milk powder without lumps has an even density. The stirred milk powder is transferred to a sorter to separate and remove the contaminants.
2) 우분의 악취를 감소시키는 단계2) reducing the odor of milk powder
협잡물이 제거된 우분에 부식산을 첨가하고 교반하여 우분의 악취를 감소시킨다. 부식산을 유기질 폐기물에 첨가하면 부족한 고정탄소를 보강함과 동시에 악취를 제거할 수 있다. 부식산은 유익미생물에 인산 및 탄소를 공급함으로써 미생물이 군집을 이룬 상태에서 활성을 증진시키도록 하여 짧은 시간에 미생물의 밀도를 증진시킬 수 있다. 부식산이 유익미생물을 증진 시키게되면 상기 유익미생물이 효소를 다량 증산하게 되는데, 다량 증산된 효소에 의해 악취발생 물질이 분해됨으로써 악취가 소멸되게 된다. Humic acid is added to the manure from which the contaminants have been removed and stirred to reduce the malodor of the manure. The addition of humic acid to organic wastes can reinforce the scarce fixed carbon and remove odors. Humic acid can increase the density of microorganisms in a short time by supplying phosphoric acid and carbon to the beneficial microorganisms, thereby enhancing the activity in the clustered state. When the humic acid promotes the beneficial microorganisms, the beneficial microorganisms increase the amount of the enzyme, and the odor generating substance is decomposed by the large amount of the enzyme.
이때, 협잡물이 제거된 우분 100중량부에 첨가되는 부식산은 1~5중량부인 것이 바람직하다. At this time, it is preferable that the humic acid added to 100 parts by weight of milk powder from which impurities are removed is 1 to 5 parts by weight.
3) 우분의 혼합물을 제조하는 단계3) preparing a mixture of milk powder
악취가 감소된 우분에 왕겨, 호두껍질 분말 및 전분을 첨가하여 혼합물을 제조한다. 상기 혼합물은 우분 70~100중량부, 왕겨 5~20중량부, 호두껍질 3~10중량부 및 전분 1~5중량부를 포함하는 것이 바람직하다. The mixture is prepared by adding chaff, walnut shell powder and starch to the odor-reduced milk powder. The mixture preferably comprises 70 to 100 parts by weight of milk powder, 5 to 20 parts by weight of chaff, 3 to 10 parts by weight of walnut shell and 1 to 5 parts by weight of starch.
왕겨와 호두껍질은 각각 쌀 및 호두를 수득하고 남은 부산물로 활용할 곳이 마땅치 않아 땅에 묻는 등 버려지는 물질로 우분과 함께 고체연료로 재활용하여 상고체연료의 발열량을 높이며, 우분의 함수량을 감소시킬 수 있다. 또한, 축산농가에서 구하기 쉬운 왕겨를 포함함으로써 안정된 발열량 및 경제성을 함께 확보할 수 있다. Rice hulls and walnut shells are not suitable for harvesting rice and walnuts, and they can be used as remaining by-products. They are discarded on the ground and recycled as solid fuel along with milk powder to increase calorific value of solid fuel and reduce water content of milk powder Can be. In addition, by including rice hull easy to obtain in livestock farms, it is possible to secure a stable calorific value and economic efficiency.
호두껍질은 일반적인 나무에 비해 경도가 높은편이고, 고유의 향을 발생하므로 우분과 혼합시에 성형성을 제고하며 악취를 감소시키는 효과가 있다. Walnut shells have a higher hardness than ordinary wood and generate inherent aromas, thus improving moldability when mixed with milk powder and reducing odor.
여기서 호두껍질은 껍질과 먹을 수 있는 알맹이를 분리한 순수한 껍질을 사용하며, 호두껍질 분말로 만들었을 때, 점성을 증가하기 위하여 이황화탄소로 반응하는 과정을 포함할 수 있다. 이때, 이황화탄소로 반응시킨 후, 상온에서 수산화나트륨 수용액으로 2~5회 세척하는 단계를 포함함으로써, 중화 및 탈황처리를 하여 이황화탄소의 잔류독성을 제거할 수 있다. 본 발명의 실시예에서 사용되는 호두껍질 분말은 50~100mesh로 분쇄하는 것이 바람직하다. Here, the walnut shell uses a pure shell separated from the shell and edible kernels, and when made into a walnut shell powder, may include a reaction with carbon disulfide to increase the viscosity. At this time, after the reaction with carbon disulfide, by washing with a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution 2-5 times at room temperature, the neutralization and desulfurization treatment can be removed to remove residual toxicity of carbon disulfide. Walnut shell powder used in the embodiment of the present invention is preferably pulverized to 50 ~ 100mesh.
전분은 고체연료의 주재료인 우분과 왕겨 및 호두껍질의 결합에 접착력을 제공하여 응집성을 증진시킬 수 있으며, 우분의 함수율을 낮추는 역할을 한다. Starch can improve cohesiveness by providing adhesion to the combination of milk powder, chaff and walnut shell, which are the main ingredients of solid fuel, and lower the moisture content of milk powder.
4) 혼합물의 성형성을 제고하며 수분함량을 조절하는 단계4) improving the moldability of the mixture and controlling the moisture content
혼합물에 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘을 첨가하여 별도의 건조과정 없이도 수분함량을 성형에 적합하도록 한다. Graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide are added to the mixture to make the moisture content suitable for molding without a separate drying process.
바람직하게 혼합물 100중량부에 첨가되는 흑연분말 1~5중량부, 산화제2철 1~5중량부 및 수산화 마그네슘 0.1~1중량부인 것이 바람직하다. Preferably it is 1-5 weight part of graphite powders, 1-5 weight part of ferric oxides, and 0.1-1 weight part of magnesium hydroxide added to 100 weight part of mixtures.
또한, 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘은 분말타입으로 혼합물의 수분함량을 조절하는 기능뿐만 아니라, 흑연분말은 주요 구성성분이 탄소로 우분의 연소를 촉진할 수 있는 역할을 하며, 산화제2철은 교반기에 의해 혼합시 마찰열을 발생시켜 연소효율을 상승시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다. 또한, 수산화 마그네슘 또한 연소효율을 상승시킬 수 있다. In addition, graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide are powder type, which not only functions to control the water content of the mixture, but also graphite powder plays a role of promoting the combustion of the main component as carbon and ferric oxide. Silver has an effect that can increase the combustion efficiency by generating frictional heat during mixing by the stirrer. In addition, magnesium hydroxide can also increase combustion efficiency.
우분의 수분함량을 조절하고 연소효율을 높이기 위하여 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘을 포함하나 과도하게 포함될 경우 연소효율은 상승되나 경제적이지 못하게 되므로 적정량만을 포함하는 것이 바람직하다. Graphite powder, ferric oxide, and magnesium hydroxide are included to adjust the moisture content of the manure and to increase the combustion efficiency. However, when excessively included, the combustion efficiency is increased but it is not economical.
5) 혼합물의 악취를 제거하며 성형에 적합한 점도로 조절하는 단계5) removing odor of the mixture and adjusting to a viscosity suitable for molding
고체연료의 보관 및 사용이 용이하도록 혼합물에서 나는 악취를 온전히 제거하기 위하여 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진을 첨가하고 교반하는 과정을 진행한다. Charcoal powder, mica, zeolite and rosin are added and stirred to completely remove odors from the mixture to facilitate storage and use of solid fuel.
여기서, 송진은 악취를 제거할 뿐만 아니라 특유의 끈적끈적한 점도로 혼합물의 점도를 증가시킴으로써 성형을 용이하게 하며, 발열량을 높일 수 있는 효과가 있다. 또한, 악취를 감소하기 위해 첨가되는 분말들을 혼합물과 균일하게 결합될 수 있도록 하여 연소효율을 높일 수 있다.Here, the rosin not only removes the odor, but also increases the viscosity of the mixture with a unique sticky viscosity, thereby facilitating molding and increasing the calorific value. In addition, it is possible to increase the combustion efficiency by allowing the powders added to reduce odor to be uniformly combined with the mixture.
숯가루는 숯을 100~300mesh로 분쇄한 것이며, 숯은 탈취효과가 있을 뿐만 아니라 본래 연료로 사용되던 것으로 연소시의 온도를 1200℃까지 올릴 수 있는 소재로 혼합물에 첨가하여 우분의 악취를 제거하고 고체연료의 효율성을 높이는데 도움이 될 수 있다. Charcoal powder is crushed charcoal to 100 ~ 300mesh, and charcoal is not only deodorizing effect, but also used as a fuel. It can raise the temperature of combustion up to 1200 ℃ and remove the bad smell of milk powder. It can help to increase the efficiency of solid fuels.
견운모 및 제오라이트는 광물로 100~300mesh로 분쇄된 것을 사용하며, 견운모는 탈취기능을 가진 광물로 금속성분에 의한 유기성분의 악취를 분해하는 효과가 있다. 제오라이트는 혼합물에 포함된 질소를 제거하는 효과가 있다. Cicadas and zeolites are those that are crushed to 100 ~ 300 mesh as a mineral, the mica is a mineral with a deodorizing function and has the effect of decomposing organic odors by metal components. Zeolites have the effect of removing nitrogen contained in the mixture.
바람직하게 상기 수분함량이 조절된 혼합물 100중량부에 숯가루 1~3중량부, 견운모 0.1~1중량부, 제오라이트 0.1~1중량부 및 송진 0.5~3중량부를 첨가하고 교반한다. Preferably, 1 to 3 parts by weight of charcoal powder, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of mica, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of zeolite and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of rosin are added and stirred to 100 parts by weight of the mixture having the moisture content adjusted.
6) 점도가 조절된 혼합물을 성형하는 단계6) molding the viscosity-adjusted mixture
점도가 조절된 혼합물을 성형기를 이용하여 성형한다. 혼합물의 성형은 통상의 성형기를 사용할 수 있으며 바람직하게 압축 성형기를 사용할 수 있다. 또한, 압축성형은 70~80℃에서 수행할 수 있다. 이에 따라 성형 후 굳기가 단단하여 충격에 의해 미분이 발생하지 않아 보관이 편리한 고체연료를 제조할 수 있다. The viscosity-adjusted mixture is molded using a molding machine. Molding of the mixture may use a conventional molding machine, preferably a compression molding machine. In addition, compression molding can be carried out at 70 ~ 80 ℃. Accordingly, since the hardening after the molding is not generated by the impact fine powder can be produced a convenient solid fuel.
성형 후의 고체연료의 형태는 브리켓(brquet) 및 펠릿(pellet)의 형태로 형성될 수 있다.The shape of the solid fuel after molding may be formed in the form of briquettes and pellets.
실험예 1. 연소효율 및 탈취효율 평가Experimental Example 1. Evaluation of combustion efficiency and deodorization efficiency
본 발명의 실시예에 따른 고체연료의 효과를 확인하기 위하여 아래 표 1과 같은 비율로 각 구성성분을 이용하여 실시예 1에 기재된 방법에 따라 제조하였다. 표 1에서의 단위는 모두 중량부이다. (A 분말은 흑연분말, 산화제2철, 수산화 마그네슘이 각각 1:1:0.2 의 비율로 혼합된 것이며, B 분말은 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트가 각각 1:0.5:0.3 의 비율로 혼합된 것이다.)In order to confirm the effect of the solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention was prepared according to the method described in Example 1 using each component in the ratio as shown in Table 1 below. All units in Table 1 are parts by weight. (A powder is a mixture of graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide in a ratio of 1: 1: 0.2, respectively, and B powder is a mixture of charcoal powder, biotite and zeolite in a ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.3, respectively. )
분말A
powder
분말B
powder
상기 표 1에 따라 제조된 각각의 고체연료에 대하여 연소효율 및 탈취효율을 평가하였다. The combustion efficiency and the deodorization efficiency of each solid fuel prepared according to Table 1 were evaluated.
[연소효율 평가결과][Combustion efficiency evaluation result]
연소효율을 평가하기 위해, KS E 3707:2001에 따른 저위발열량을 측정하였다. 또한, 연소지속시간을 확인하기 위하여 고체연료가 착화된 때로부터 연소될 때까지의 시간을 측정하였다. 연소되는 시점은 연소로의 입구에서 50cm 떨어진 위치에 온도계를 두고 온도가 감소하는 시간을 연소되는 시점으로 설정하였다. In order to evaluate the combustion efficiency, low calorific value according to KS E 3707: 2001 was measured. In addition, in order to confirm the combustion duration, the time from when the solid fuel was combusted to burning was measured. The time of burning was set to the time of burning when the temperature was reduced by placing a thermometer 50 cm away from the inlet of the furnace.
그 결과는 하기 표 2와 같으며, blank는 우분만으로 측정한 것이다. The results are shown in Table 2 below, and the blanks were measured only by the minute.
표 2를 살펴보면, 실시예 1에서 연소지속시간이 가장 길며 우분만을 연료로 사용하였을 때 보다 연소효율이 대폭 향상된 것을 확인할 수 있다. Looking at Table 2, it can be seen that in Example 1, the combustion duration is the longest and the combustion efficiency is significantly improved compared to the case of using only the milk powder as fuel.
또한, 비교예 1 내지 5의 발열량이 18 내지 21kJ/g으로 높게 나타났으나, 호두분말을 포함하지 않은 비교예 2의 발열량이 실시예 1 보다는 낮게 나타났으며, 흑연분말, 산화제2철, 수산화 마그네슘이 포함되지 않은 비교예 2 및 숯가루, 견운모 제오라이트가 포함되지 않은 비교예 3도 실시예 1의 고체연료보다 발열량이 낮게 나타났다. In addition, the calorific value of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was 18 to 21 kJ / g, but the calorific value of Comparative Example 2, which does not include walnut powder, was lower than that of Example 1, and the graphite powder, ferric oxide, and hydroxide were Comparative Example 2, which does not contain magnesium, and Comparative Example 3, which does not include charcoal powder and chorionic zeolite, also showed lower calorific value than the solid fuel of Example 1.
즉, 우분과 호두 분말, 흑연분말, 산화제2철, 수산화 마그네슘, 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진이 함께 포함됨으로써 연소지속시간이 길어지고 발열량이 상승되는 것으로 판단된다. In other words, it is believed that the burning duration is increased and the calorific value is increased by including the powdered milk powder, walnut powder, graphite powder, ferric oxide, magnesium hydroxide, charcoal powder, mica, zeolite and rosin.
[탈취효율 평가결과][Evaluation result of deodorization efficiency]
다음으로, 탈취효율을 평가하기 위해 1kg의 고체연료를 밀폐용기에 넣고 내부의 암모니아 농도를 측정하였다. 암모니아 농도의 측정은 5% 황산용액이 10ml 담긴 임핀저(impinger)와 실리카겔 100g이 담긴 트랩을 흡입펌프에 폴리에틸렌 재질의 흡입관으로 연결한 후 밀폐용기 내의 공기 시료를 채취하였다. 이때 흡입펌프의 유량은 18 내지 20ℓ/min이며, 시료 채취는 10 내지 20분 동안 실시하였다. 흡수액 내 형성된 암모늄 이온을 이온 크로마토그래피로 분석한 후 암모늄 이온 농도를 암모니아 농도로 환산하였다. 측정 시료는 0일, 5일, 10일, 20일, 30일에 채취하였으며, 그 결과는 표 3과 같다. 표 3에서 암모니아 농도의 단위는 ppm이며, blank는 우분만으로 측정한 결과이다.Next, in order to evaluate the deodorizing efficiency 1kg of solid fuel was put in a sealed container and the concentration of ammonia inside was measured. The ammonia concentration was measured by connecting an impinger containing 10 ml of 5% sulfuric acid solution and a trap containing 100 g of silica gel to a suction pump through a polyethylene suction tube, and then collecting an air sample in an airtight container. At this time, the flow rate of the suction pump is 18 to 20l / min, sampling was carried out for 10 to 20 minutes. The ammonium ions formed in the absorbent liquid were analyzed by ion chromatography, and the ammonium ion concentration was converted into ammonia concentration. Measurement samples were taken on day 0, day 5, day 10, day 20, and day 30, and the results are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, the unit of ammonia concentration is ppm, and blank is the result of measuring only the milk powder.
표 3를 살펴보면, 실시예 1이 가장 우수한 탈취효능을 보유한 것을 확인할 수 있다. 또한, 실시예 1과 동일하게 제조되었으나, 부식산을 첨가하여 악취를 감소시키는 과정을 수행하지 않은 비교예 1은 0일차에도 악취가 발생하고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한, 탈취기능을 위해 투입된 호두껍질 분말, B분말(숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트) 및 송진이 포함된 비교예 3이 실시예 1에 가까운 탈취효능을 보유한 것을 알 수 있다. Looking at Table 3, it can be seen that Example 1 has the most excellent deodorizing effect. In addition, Comparative Example 1, which was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 but did not perform the process of reducing malodor by adding humic acid, also showed that odor was generated even on day 0. In addition, it can be seen that the comparative example 3 containing the walnut shell powder, B powder (charcoal powder, mica, zeolite) and rosin added for the deodorizing function retained the deodorizing effect close to Example 1.
즉, 부식산을 첨가하여 악취를 1차적으로 감소시키고, 호두껍질 분말, 숯가루, 견운모, 제오라이트 및 송진을 고체연료의 재료로 포함함으로써 우분의 악취를 제거한 고체연료를 제조할 수 있는 것을 알 수 있다. That is, the addition of humic acid primarily reduces the odor, and it can be seen that the solid fuel from which the bad odor is removed can be prepared by including walnut shell powder, charcoal powder, mica, zeolite and rosin as the materials of the solid fuel. have.
한편, 송진이 포함되지 않은 비교예 4 및 5는 고체연료를 보관하고 이송시에 미분이 발생하여 보관에 어려움이 생기는 것으로 나타났다. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 4 and 5 that do not contain rosin were found to be difficult to store due to the generation of fine powder during storage and transport of solid fuel.
따라서, 우분을 이용한 고체연료 제작시 본 발명의 실시예와 같은 제조방법으로 제조하여 고체연료의 연소효율을 높이되, 우분에서 나는 냄새를 제거하고 이송시에 미분이 발생하지 않아 보관이 용이한 고체연료를 제조할 수 있다. Therefore, when manufacturing a solid fuel using milk powder to increase the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel by the same manufacturing method as in the embodiment of the present invention, to remove the odor from the milk powder and the fine powder does not occur during transportation, easy storage Fuel can be produced.
Claims (4)
교반기의 우분을 선별기로 이송한 후 협잡물을 분리하여 제거하는 단계;
협잡물이 제거된 우분에 부식산을 첨가하여 악취를 1차 감소시키는 단계;
악취가 감소된 우분 70~100중량부에 왕겨 5~20중량부, 호두껍질 3~10중량부 및 전분 1~5중량부를 첨가하여 혼합물을 제조하는 단계;
상기 혼합물에 흑연분말, 산화제2철 및 수산화 마그네슘을 첨가하여 성형성을 제고하고 수분함량을 조절하는 단계;
수분함량이 조절된 혼합물 100중량부에 숯가루 1~3중량부, 견운모 0.1~1중량부, 제오라이트 0.1~1중량부 및 송진 0.5~3중량부를 혼합하여 악취를 2차 제거하며 성형에 적합한 점도로 조절하는 단계; 및
점도가 조절된 혼합물을 성형하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법.
Collecting the milk powder into a stirrer and stirring;
Transferring the milk powder of the stirrer to the sorter to separate and remove the contaminants;
Firstly reducing the odor by adding humic acid to the skim from which the contaminants have been removed;
Preparing a mixture by adding 5 to 20 parts by weight of rice hull, 3 to 10 parts by weight of walnut shell, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of starch to 70 to 100 parts by weight of odor-reduced milk powder;
Adding graphite powder, ferric oxide and magnesium hydroxide to improve the formability and to adjust the water content to the mixture;
100 parts by weight of the mixture with controlled moisture content, 1 to 3 parts by weight of charcoal powder, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of mica, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of zeolite and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of rosin, to remove odors secondarily and suitable for molding Adjusting to; And
Forming a mixture having a controlled viscosity; characterized in that it comprises a, solid fuel using the powder.
상기 혼합물을 제조하는 단계는,
상기 호두껍질을 50~100mesh로 분말화시키는 단계;
상기 호두껍질 분말에 이황화탄소를 첨가하여 반응시키는 단계;
상기 반응 이후 상온에서 수산화나트륨 수용액으로 2~5회 세척하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Preparing the mixture,
Powdering the walnut shell into 50-100 mesh;
Reacting by adding carbon disulfide to the walnut shell powder;
After the reaction further comprises the step of washing with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at room temperature 2 to 5 times, characterized in that the manufacturing method of solid fuel using milk powder.
상기 수분함량을 조절하는 단계에서,
상기 혼합물 100중량부에 흑연분말 1~5중량부, 산화제2철 1~5중량부 및 수산화 마그네슘 0.1~1중량부를 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 우분을 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법.
The method according to claim 1,
In the step of adjusting the moisture content,
1 to 5 parts by weight of graphite powder, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ferric oxide, and 0.1 to 1 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide are added to 100 parts of the mixture.
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| KR20230150509A (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-31 | 전주김제완주축산업협동조합 | Composition of solid fuel comprising discarded muscovado sludge and fermented livestock manure and method of manufacturing the same |
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| KR20230150509A (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-31 | 전주김제완주축산업협동조합 | Composition of solid fuel comprising discarded muscovado sludge and fermented livestock manure and method of manufacturing the same |
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