KR101805405B1 - Inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, and preparing method of the same - Google Patents
Inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, and preparing method of the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR101805405B1 KR101805405B1 KR1020150183097A KR20150183097A KR101805405B1 KR 101805405 B1 KR101805405 B1 KR 101805405B1 KR 1020150183097 A KR1020150183097 A KR 1020150183097A KR 20150183097 A KR20150183097 A KR 20150183097A KR 101805405 B1 KR101805405 B1 KR 101805405B1
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- B82B3/0009—Forming specific nanostructures
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Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, a method for producing the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, and a lithium secondary battery including the composite.
Description
The present invention relates to an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, a method for producing the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, and a lithium secondary battery including the composite.
Recently, carbon nanotubes among the carbon isotopes have attracted attention in the field of electronic information communication, environmental materials and energy because of their excellent strength and conductivity.
Methods for synthesizing carbon nanotubes include electric discharge, laser deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, and chemical vapor deposition. Among them, carbon nanotubes synthesized by chemical vapor deposition can obtain simple and high purity samples, and can synthesize carbon nanotubes in a vertical orientation. This synthesis method has an advantage that the structure control of carbon nanotubes is easy.
Catalysts are needed to synthesize carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. Carbon nanotubes are usually grown on the surface of metal particles by chemical vapor deposition using metal particles such as Fe, Co, Ni, Pt, Au, and Al as catalysts. However, metal oxides and metal chalcogenides other than metal particles have not been studied as catalysts for growing carbon nanotubes. However, when carbon nanotubes are synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition method, expensive metal particles are used, and a reaction occurs at a high temperature. Therefore, there is a need for a method of replacing the catalyst with a catalyst that is cheaper than the metal particles used as a catalyst, and further research is needed to synthesize carbon nanotubes at a low temperature rather than a high temperature.
Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2015-0074224 discloses a method for producing a carbon nanostructure, which discloses a method for producing a carbon nanostructure having a three-dimensional structure in which a carbon support and a carbon nanotube are directly connected to each other. However, A method of growing carbon nanotubes from carbon nanotubes is used, which is disadvantageous in that the process cost is high.
The present invention provides an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, a method for producing the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite, and a lithium secondary battery including the complex.
However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a layered inorganic nanosheet, comprising: growing a carbon nanotube on a surface of inorganic nanoparticles formed from the layered inorganic nanosheet by providing a reaction gas containing a carbon source to the layered inorganic nanosheet, , And a method for producing an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite.
The second aspect of the present application is an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite comprising carbon nanotubes grown on the surface of inorganic nanoparticles formed by phase transformation from layered inorganic nanosheets, Nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite according to the second aspect of the present invention as an anode active material, ≪ / RTI >
According to an embodiment of the present invention, carbon nanotubes are grown on the surface of inorganic nanoparticles formed from the layered inorganic nanosheets by reacting the layered inorganic nanosheets with a reaction gas containing a carbon source to grow carbon nanotubes, Particle-carbon nanotube composite can be produced. Unlike the conventional method of growing carbon nanotubes by using metal particles as a catalyst in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, the method according to one embodiment of the present invention uses a metal oxide of layered inorganic nanosheets as a catalyst, It is characterized by the ability to grow tubes.
For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, when a layered MnO 2 nanosheet as a layered inorganic nanosheet is used as a precursor, a MnO-carbon nanotube composite can be synthesized by a single step under acetylene gas treatment as a carbon source .
When the layered inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite is used as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery, the layered inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite may be mixed with carbon nanotubes capable of improving electrical conductivity The layered inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite has the advantage of exhibiting a high discharge capacity.
1 shows an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of a layered MnO 2 nanosheet and a MnO-carbon nanotube composite according to reaction time in one embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a scanning electron micrograph (SEM) image of a MnO-carbon nanotube composite in one embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of a MnO-carbon nanotube composite in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of measurement of micro-Raman spectroscopy according to the reaction time of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite according to the embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a graph showing an electrochemical property evaluation result of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite according to one embodiment of the present invention.
7 is in a two-dimensional inorganic nano-sheet (layer TiO 2 nanosheet and the layered MoS 2 nanosheets) inorganic nanoparticles grown carbon nanotubes using an embodiment of the present application - carbon nanotube composite scanning electron microscope (SEM) of (SEM) image.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used throughout the specification to refer to the same or like parts.
Throughout this specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it is not limited to a case where it is "directly connected" but also includes the case where it is "electrically connected" do.
Throughout this specification, when a member is " on " another member, it includes not only when the member is in contact with the other member, but also when there is another member between the two members.
Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as " including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms " about ", " substantially ", etc. used to the extent that they are used throughout the specification are intended to be taken to mean the approximation of the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure. The word " step (or step) " or " step " used to the extent that it is used throughout the specification does not mean " step for.
Throughout this specification, the term " combination (s) thereof " included in the expression of the machine form means a mixture or combination of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the constituents described in the expression of the form of a marker, Quot; means at least one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned elements.
Throughout this specification, the description of "A and / or B" means "A or B, or A and B".
Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and examples and drawings.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a layered inorganic nanosheet, comprising: growing a carbon nanotube on a surface of inorganic nanoparticles formed from the layered inorganic nanosheet by providing a reaction gas containing a carbon source to the layered inorganic nanosheet, , And a method for producing an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the layered inorganic nanosheet may include a porous laminated structure formed in a two-dimensional nanosheet form. When the layered inorganic nanosheet is used as an anode of a lithium secondary battery, It is possible to buffer the change in volume.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite may have a carbon layer (carbon coating) formed on the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles and a carbon nanotube grown on the carbon layer, But may not be limited thereto.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nanoparticles may be formed by phase transformation from the layered inorganic nanosheets, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction of the layered inorganic nano-sheet and the reactive gas may be performed under heat treatment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment herein, the heat treatment may be performed at about 300 ° C. to about 1,000 ° C., but may not be limited to this. For example, the heat treatment may be performed at a temperature of from about 300 캜 to about 1,000 캜, from about 300 캜 to about 900 캜, from about 300 캜 to about 800 캜, from about 300 캜 to about 700 캜, From about 500 ° C to about 1,000 ° C, from about 700 ° C to about 1,000 ° C, from about 800 ° C to about 500 ° C, from about 300 ° C to about 400 ° C, from about 400 ° C to about 1,000 ° C, About 1000 < 0 > C, or about 900 < 0 > C to about 1,000 < 0 > C.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the layered inorganic nanosheets may be phase transitioned to inorganic nanoparticles during the heat treatment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment of the invention, the layered inorganic nanosheet is an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ru, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, V, Zn, Ni, But are not limited to, chalcogenides of metals selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mo, Sn, Cd, W, Pb, Bi, Zr, Nb, Ge, Ga, In, .
In one embodiment of the invention, the carbon source may include, but is not limited to, hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propane, methane, acetylene, and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction gas may include, but is not limited to, an inert gas. For example, the inert gas may include but is not limited to those selected from the group consisting of helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment herein, the reaction gas comprises the carbon source and the inert gas in a volume ratio of about 1: 5 to 10, about 1: 7 to 10, about 1: 8 to about 10, or about 1: 9 , But may not be limited thereto.
The second aspect of the present application is an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite comprising carbon nanotubes grown on the surface of inorganic nanoparticles formed by phase transformation from layered inorganic nanosheets, Nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite. Although a detailed description of the parts overlapping with the first aspect of the present application is omitted, the description of the first aspect of the present application may be applied to the second aspect of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite includes a carbon layer (carbon coating) formed on the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles, and the carbon nanotube- But may not be limited thereto.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises an inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite according to the second aspect of the present invention as an anode active material, ≪ / RTI > Although a detailed description of the parts overlapping with the first aspect and the second aspect of the present application is omitted, the description of the first and second aspects of the present application will be applied equally to the third aspect of the present invention .
In one embodiment of the present invention, the lithium secondary battery may be formed by drying a mixed solution including the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube complex to produce a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The mixed solution may include, but is not limited to, a polymer as an adhesive, and the polymer may be any of those known in the art without any particular limitation. For example, poly (vinylidene fluoride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyacrylonitrile [ poly (acrylonitrile), PAN], polyvinyl chloride, PVC, poly (methyl methacrylate), PMMA, polysiloxane, polyphosphazene, Polyacrylic acid (PAA), or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the solvent of the mixed solution may include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or ethylmethylcarbonate, .
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mixed solution may be dried at a temperature ranging from about 100 ° C to about 150 ° C, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the mixed solution may be heated to a temperature of from about 100 캜 to about 150 캜, from about 100 캜 to about 140 캜, from about 100 캜 to about 130 캜, from about 100 캜 to about 120 캜, About 120 ° C to about 150 ° C, about 120 ° C to about 140 ° C, about 120 ° C to about 150 ° C, about 110 ° C to about 140 ° C, about 110 ° C to about 130 ° C, But it may be, but not limited to, drying at a temperature of about 130 캜, about 130 캜 to about 150 캜, about 130 캜 to about 140 캜, or about 140 캜 to about 150 캜.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Example]
<Layered MnO 2 Nanosheet Synthesis>
10 mL of 0.3 M MnCl 2 .H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich) solution was mixed with 20 mL of 0.6 M TMA.OH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide) (Sigma Aldrich) and 3 wt% H 2 O 2 (Sigma Aldrich) . The mixed solution was stirred at room temperature for one day. The mixed and synthesized solution was filtered through a centrifugal separator, and the resulting solution was dialyzed to remove excess TMA.OH and dried using a freeze dryer to obtain a layered MnO 2 nanosheet.
<Layered TiO 2 Nanosheet Synthesis>
Cs 2 CO 3 (Sigma Aldrich) and TiO 2 (Sigma Aldrich) were mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 5.3 and heat-treated at 800 ° C. The heat-treated sample was subjected to acid treatment with a 1 M hydrochloric acid solution for 4 days. Thereafter, the acid-treated sample was put into a solution of TBAOH (tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, Sigma Aldrich) and stripped for 10 days to obtain a TiO 2 nanosheet.
<Layered MoS 2 Synthesis of nanosheet>
30 mL of 1.6 M n-butyllithium (Sigma Aldrich) was added to 0.3 g of MoS 2 (Sigma Aldrich) powder and reacted at room temperature for 3 days in an inert atmosphere. After 3 days, the excess n-butyllithium was washed with hexane (JUNSEI) and dried. 0.1 g of the dried sample was dispersed in 100 mL of distilled water by sonication (Branson 5510) for one hour.
≪ Synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles-Carbon nanotubes >
The layered MnO 2 nanosheet produced in this example was heat-treated (furnace HNS) at 500 ° C. while flowing acetylene: argon gas (Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd.) at a volume ratio of 1: 9 to obtain MnO-carbon nanotubes . The heat treatment time was synthesized for 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, and 20 hours respectively for comparison according to the reaction time.
The TiO 2 nanosheets and the MoS 2 nanosheets prepared in the present example were grown under the same conditions as those used for the preparation of the MnO carbon nanotubes to form TiO 2 carbon nanotubes and MoS 2 carbon nano- The tube was synthesized.
Fig. 1 is a graph showing X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) (Rigaku, D) of a sample according to the reaction time after reacting with layered MnO 2 , which is a precursor before reacting with acetylene gas and acetylene gas at 500 ° C. shows / Max-2000 / PC): (a) layered MnO 2 nanosheets, (b) MnO- CNT: 5 hours, (c) MnO- CNT: 10 hours, (d) carbon MnO- Nanotube: 15 hours, (e) MnO-carbon nanotube: 20 hours.
As shown in FIG. 1, the precursor, MnO 2 nanosheet, was all reduced to MnO after heat treatment under an acetylene / argon mixed gas atmosphere.
2 is an image of a field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) (JEOL, JSM-6700-F) of a MnO-carbon-carbon nanotube composite: (a) a layered MnO 2 nanosheet, (b) Carbon nanotubes: 5 hours, (c) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 10 hours, (d) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 15 hours, and (e) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 20 hours.
Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the precursor, MnO 2 , retained the shape of the nanosheet and the samples heat-treated under an acetylene / argon mixed gas changed into particles. In addition, it was confirmed that as the annealing reaction time became longer, the CNT gradually grew on the particle surface.
3 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (JEOL, JEM-2100F) image of a MnO-carbon nanotube composite: (a) layered MnO 2 nanosheet, (b) MnO- ) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 10 hours, (d) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 15 hours, (e) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 20 hours.
Referring to FIG. 3, as shown in the SEM image of FIG. 2, the nanosheet-like material was changed into particles after the reaction, and it was confirmed that carbon nanotubes grow on the particle surface as the reaction time passes. Referring to the XRD of FIG. 1 and the SEM image of FIG. 2, it can be proved that MnO-carbon nanotubes are synthesized well from the layered MnO 2 nanosheets through heat treatment with acetylene gas.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of measurement of micro-Raman spectroscopy (JY, LabRam HR) according to the reaction time of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite.
As shown in Fig. 4, D and G peaks were observed in all the samples, which is evidence that the carbon coating was very good. In addition, it was confirmed that as the synthesis time was longer, the width of the G peak narrowed, because the CNT gradually formed.
5 is a graph showing the measurement results of an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (Thermo VG, UK, Al K a ) according to the reaction time of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite: (a) MnO- Carbon nanotubes: 5 hours, (b) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 10 hours, (c) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 15 hours, and (d) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 20 hours.
5, the data on the X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a peak was observed at 641.3 eV and 653.4 eV, because this means that in the complex of the valence of Mn +2 can be seen that Mn 2 + is generated after the reaction, and Referring to the XRD results of FIG. 2, it can be seen that the MnO 2 nanosheets correspond to the results of the reaction with acetylene gas and then to MnO.
<Manufacture of Battery>
After the MnO-carbon nanotube composite, super P, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) prepared in this Example were mixed at a ratio of 80: 10: 10 (wt%), A mixture of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution was loaded onto a copper foil so that one powder sample was well mixed and dried in an oven at 120 ° C for 12 hours . After the drying, a 2016 type coin cell was manufactured, and the prepared coin cell was stabilized for one day, and a charge and discharge test was performed using WonATech equipment.
6 is a graph showing the results of electrochemical characterization of the MnO-carbon nanotube composite. (A) layered MnO 2 nanosheet, (b) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 5 hours, (c) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 10 (D) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 15 hours, (e) MnO-carbon nanotubes: 20 hours.
6, MnO 2 (FIG. 6 (a)) as a precursor showed a discharge capacity of 247 mAh / g after 50 charge / discharge measurements, MnO-carbon nanotubes were discharged for 5 hours, MnO- 10 hours, MnO-carbon nanotubes 15 hours, and MnO-
7 is a scanning electron micrograph (SEM) image of a carbon nanotube grown on a two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet: (a) a TiO 2 nanosheet, (b) a TiO 2 nanosheet heat treated in an acetylene / ) MoS 2 nanosheet, (d) MoS 2 nanosheet heat treated under acetylene / argon gas.
7, like the MnO 2 nanosheet, MoS 2 and TiO 2 The growth of carbon nanotubes was also observed in the nanosheet.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing description of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes and that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.
The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
The layered inorganic nano-sheet may include an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ru, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, V, Zn, Ni, W, Pb, Bi, Zr, Nb, Ge, Ga, In, and combinations thereof.
Inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite.
Wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are formed by phase transformation from the layered inorganic nanosheets.
Wherein the reaction of the layered inorganic nanosheets with the reaction gas is performed under heat treatment.
Wherein the heat treatment is performed at 300 ° C to 1,000 ° C.
Wherein the carbon source comprises hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propane, methane, acetylene, and combinations thereof.
Wherein the reaction gas further comprises an inert gas. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 21. < / RTI >
A process for the preparation of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 and 7,
The layered inorganic nano-sheet may include an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ru, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, V, Zn, Ni, W, Pb, Bi, Zr, Nb, Ge, Ga, In, and combinations thereof.
Inorganic nanoparticles - carbon nanotube complex.
Wherein the negative electrode comprises the inorganic nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite according to claim 8 as an anode active material.
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