KR101766765B1 - System for Linear Phase shift Type Reflectometer - Google Patents

System for Linear Phase shift Type Reflectometer Download PDF

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KR101766765B1
KR101766765B1 KR1020150160173A KR20150160173A KR101766765B1 KR 101766765 B1 KR101766765 B1 KR 101766765B1 KR 1020150160173 A KR1020150160173 A KR 1020150160173A KR 20150160173 A KR20150160173 A KR 20150160173A KR 101766765 B1 KR101766765 B1 KR 101766765B1
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South Korea
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signal
frequency
frequency signal
reflected
wideband
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KR1020150160173A
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KR20170057481A (en
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김홍준
한희제
박홍우
박순우
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경북대학교 산학협력단
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9004—SAR image acquisition techniques
    • G01S13/9011—SAR image acquisition techniques with frequency domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
    • G01S2013/0245—Radar with phased array antenna

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reflection system of a linear phase displacement type, and more particularly, to a reflection system of a linear phase displacement type, comprising: a frequency synthesizer for synthesizing a frequency in an ultra-wideband range through calculation processing including multiplication, division, and mixing from a reference input frequency to generate a wideband frequency signal; A frequency converter for outputting an incident signal through a linear phase shift of the wideband frequency signal using a predetermined level of biasing voltage and information corresponding to the wideband frequency signal; A signal combining unit for extracting an incident signal outputted as a target and extracting a reflected signal reflected from the target; And a signal analyzer for down-converting the broadband frequency signal, the incident signal, and the reflected signal to an intermediate frequency, and analyzing the magnitude or phase of the incident signal and the reflected signal. Therefore, the present invention realizes a phase shifter capable of changing a frequency while maintaining a low spurious by using a simple sawtooth-shaped applied voltage using a Left Handed-Non-Linear Transmission Line (LH-NLTL) By applying this phase shifter to the reflection system, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost while simplifying the structure of the reflection system. In addition, when the reflection system of linear phase displacement type is employed in various instruments and radar systems, compact, low loss and low cost And can be widely used for home, military, security, and medical applications.

Figure R1020150160173

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a system for linear phase shift type reflectometer,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a linear phase shifting type reflection system, and more particularly, to a linear phase shifting type linear phase shifting system capable of applying a phase shifter capable of changing a frequency while maintaining a low spurious by using a saw- To a reflection system.

In the current wireless communication field, the demand for frequency is rapidly increasing as compared with a limited frequency resource. In order to solve the problem of the frequency demand, UWB (Ultra-WideBand) communication scheme can share frequency spectrum of existing communication system and use frequency resources more efficiently.

The UWB communication method is a wireless transmission technology for transmitting digital data in an ultra-wideband frequency band using very low power, and is a wireless communication technology capable of establishing a high-speed and high-performance wireless network with very low power, thereby enabling reliable communication. In addition, UWB communication methods include interception and detection of low-probability equipment, anti-collision equipment for vehicles and aviation, altimeters for measuring altitude from the ground in airplanes and other aviation facilities, and defense Technology and the public sector.

A UWB signal transmitted in a broadband pulse shape sequentially transmits signals having a short pulse width, thereby reducing a mutual interference effect between signals, thereby maintaining signal transmission performance in a multipath environment. The use of the first-time pulse facilitates fine disassembly for multipaths, resulting in receive diversity and precision in centimeters (cm).

Therefore, the microwave imaging or sensing system using the UWB band first emits the meter reading signal to the target object as an electromagnetic wave using the antenna, and analyzes the signal reflected from the target object. The microwave imaging or sensing system using the UWB band has a very low output requirement per unit bandwidth due to its ultra-wideband characteristics, and thus provides a large channel capacity while consuming less power. Therefore, It is widely used for medical, industrial, and military applications.

A microwave imaging or sensing system using the UWB band uses a vector network analyzer to analyze the signal. This vector network analyzer is designed to measure the low frequency and optical range of the LCR meter, which is a device that measures the components of R (resistance), L (inductor) and C (capacitor) It has been used for years to precisely measure electronic linear components, active and passive circuits, or assembly parts of active and passive circuits in the high frequency range.

The most important component of a vector network analyzer is a reflectometer, which requires a phase locked loop (PLL), two broadband frequency synthesizers, and a directional coupler.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a configuration of a reflection system using a conventional UWB communication system.

1, a reflection system using an ultra-wideband communication system includes a broadband frequency synthesizer 10, a PLL 20, a wideband directional coupler 40, a local oscillator 30, mixers 61 and 62, A directional coupler 40, a phased array antenna 50, and a signal analyzer 70.

The broadband frequency synthesizer 10 generates a single output frequency or several different output frequencies from one or more reference frequency sources.

The PLL 20 is a phase locked loop, which is a feedback loop circuit for synchronizing the phase of a transmitted signal. The PLL 20 performs phase synchronization for controlling the oscillator or the periodic signal generator so that the PLL 20 operates at a constant phase angle with respect to the reference frequency source. Most of the PLL 20 includes a phase detector, a loop filter ), And a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO).

The wideband directional coupler 40 extracts an incoming incident signal or extracts a reflected and reflected signal.

Meanwhile, the wideband frequency synthesizer 10 based on the PLL 20 includes a local oscillator 30, which is a wideband frequency synthesizer. The local oscillator 30 generates a local oscillator (LO) signal for the first mixer 61 and the second mixer 62. The first mixer 61 outputs the first mixed signal obtained by mixing the incident signal and the L0 signal, and the second mixer 62 outputs the second mixed signal obtained by mixing the LO signal and the reflected signal.

The phased array antenna 50 outputs an incident signal to the target and receives the reflected signal reflected from the target.

The signal analyzer 70 converts the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to an intermediate frequency for convenience of signal analysis, and analyzes the magnitude and phase of the incident wave and the reflected wave through digital signal processing of the converted intermediate frequency.

As described above, since the reflection system using the ultra-wideband communication method according to the prior art uses the PPL and the directional coupler for phase correction in the frequency synthesizing period of the two wideband frequency synthesizers and the two wideband frequency synthesizers, It is not only large and complicated, but also requires a precise PLL because the phase of two broadband frequency synthesizers must be preserved.

In addition, an analog frequency synthesizing method using a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) has a noise rejection function for a high frequency band and has a relatively excellent signal to noise ratio (SNR). However, the PLL-based frequency synthesis scheme has a disadvantage in that it is not suitable for a fast frequency hopping system due to the delay of the synchronization time due to the nature of the feedback loop.

In order to overcome these disadvantages, a phase shifter using Right Handed-Non-Linear Transmission Line (RH-NLTL), an amplitude modulator for amplitude compensation, an arbitrary circuit that applies a biasing voltage to RH-NLTL A reflection system using RH-NLTL consisting of a waveform generator (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) has been studied.

In this case, since RH-NLTL has nonlinearity in the biasing voltage and phase shift, the reflectance system using RH-NLTL can cancel out the stable frequency of the broadband frequency signal transmitted from the broadband frequency synthesizer There is a problem that a biasing voltage of a complex periodic waveform must be applied. The reflection system using the RH-NLTL has a problem that the spurious is too large, the quality of the reflection signal is totally degraded, and the bandwidth and size of the phase shifter itself are large.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0028956 entitled "Integrated Light Reflectometer"

The present invention realizes a phase shifter capable of changing a frequency while maintaining a low spurious by using a simple sawtooth-shaped applied voltage using a Left Handed-Non-Linear Transmission Line (LH-NLTL) The phase shifter is applied to the reflection system to provide a linear phase displacement type reflection system system that can be manufactured with a simple structure at a low manufacturing cost and can guarantee the same performance as a conventional reflection system.

Among the embodiments, the reflection system of the linear phase displacement system includes: a frequency synthesizer for synthesizing frequencies in an ultra-wideband range through calculation processing including multiplication, division, and mixing from a reference input frequency to generate a wideband frequency signal; A frequency converter for outputting an incident signal through a linear phase shift of the wideband frequency signal using a predetermined level of biasing voltage and information corresponding to the wideband frequency signal; A signal combining unit for extracting an incident signal outputted as a target and extracting a reflected signal reflected from the target; And a signal analyzer for down-converting the broadband frequency signal, the incident signal, and the reflected signal to an intermediate frequency, and analyzing the magnitude or phase of the incident signal and the reflected signal.

And a phased array antenna disposed downstream of the signal combining unit for outputting the incident signal to the target and receiving a reflected signal reflected from the target.

Wherein the frequency conversion unit includes: voltage providing means for providing a predetermined level of biasing voltage having a sawtooth waveform; And a transmission line that linearly generates a phase shift while maintaining a low spurious frequency according to the bias voltage when the bias voltage is provided.

The transmission line is a left handed non-linear transmission line (LH-NLTL) in which varactor diodes are periodically arranged.

And the signal coupling unit uses a resistive power divider.

Wherein the signal analyzer comprises: a first mixer that mixes the incident signal with the wideband frequency signal to output a first mixed frequency signal; A second mixer for mixing the broadband frequency and the reflection signal to output a second mixed frequency signal; Intermediate frequency processing means for down-converting the first mixed frequency signal and the second mixed frequency signal to an intermediate frequency and filtering the first intermediate frequency signal and the second mixed frequency signal to output a first frequency signal and a second frequency signal; Digital signal processing means for receiving the first frequency signal or the second frequency signal and for digitally converting the first frequency signal and the second frequency signal to analyze magnitude and phase of the incident signal or the reflected signal; And display means for outputting an analysis result of the digital signal processing means on the screen.

And a resistor divider in which three resistors are connected in parallel to each other in a Y-shape at the rear stage of the frequency synthesizing unit, the resistor divider divides the wideband frequency signal output from the wideband high- frequency synthesizer equally and divides the input of the frequency- And then transmitted.

The LH system of the linear phase displacement method according to the present invention is a phase shifter capable of changing the frequency while maintaining a low spurious by using a simple sawtooth wave applied voltage is called a Left Handed-Non-Linear Transmission Line (LH (NLTL). By applying the phase shifter to the reflection system, it is possible to simplify the structure of the reflection system and reduce the manufacturing cost.

In addition, when applying a phase shifter using LH-NLTL to a frequency converter, it is possible to replace two frequency sources with one wide-band frequency synthesizer, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and system volume, The signal coupling unit using the divider can reduce the production cost and the system volume further.

In addition, the present invention realizes a compact, low-loss, and low-cost realization when the reflection system of a linear phase displacement system is employed in various instruments and radar systems, and is widely applicable to domestic, military, security and medical applications.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a configuration of a reflection system using a conventional UWB communication system.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a reflection system of a linear phase displacement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the frequency conversion unit of FIG.

The description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas. Also, the purpose or effect of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment should include all or only such effect.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in the present invention should be understood as follows.

The terms "first "," second ", and the like are intended to distinguish one element from another, and the scope of the right should not be limited by these terms. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, but there may be other elements in between. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. On the other hand, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

It should be understood that the singular " include "or" have "are to be construed as including a stated feature, number, step, operation, component, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used predefined terms should be interpreted to be consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and can not be interpreted as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a reflection system of a linear phase displacement system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the frequency conversion unit of FIG.

2 and 3, the linear phase shifting type coherent reflection system is for measuring the ratio between incident wave and reflected wave, and includes a frequency synthesizer 110, a frequency converter 120, a signal combining unit 130, a phased array antenna 140, and a signal analyzer 150.

The frequency synthesizer 110 synthesizes the frequencies in the UWB range from the reference input frequency fr through calculation including multiplication, division, and mixing to generate the wideband frequency signal f0.

A resistive divider 115 having resistors R1, R2 and R3 connected in parallel in Y-shape is provided at the rear stage of the wideband frequency synthesizer 110. The resistor divider 115 divides the output of the broadband frequency synthesizer 110 into a wideband And transmits the frequency signal to the signal combining unit 130 and the signal analyzing unit 150 in the same manner.

The frequency converter 120 converts the incident signal f0 + fm through the linear phase shift of the wideband frequency signal using the information corresponding to the predetermined level of the biasing voltage and the wideband frequency signal transmitted through the resistor divider 115, .

The frequency converting unit 120 includes voltage providing means 121 for providing a predetermined level of biasing voltage having a simple sawtooth (fm) form, and voltage applying means 121 for linearly shifting the phase shift while maintaining a low spurious frequency according to the biasing voltage (Not shown).

At this time, the transmission line 122 is preferably a left handed non-linear transmission line (LH-NLTL) in which varactor diodes are periodically arranged.

Since the frequency converter 120 uses the LH-NLTL as a phase shifter, the phase shift linearly changes according to the bias voltage and the change of the loss is small, and the wideband frequency synthesizer 110 to the ultra- A high-efficiency harmonic generator can be operated.

The LH-NLTL can perform the high-frequency Fourier synthesis function, that is, the arbitrary waveform generation function, and the tunable band pass filter function that can adjust the band by using the high-efficiency harmonic generation principle and the linear voltage characteristic of the LH-NLTL . The band filtering function is characterized not only in band adjustment but also in phase shift at the center frequency of the band pass band.

The signal combining unit 130 extracts an incident signal output as a target and extracts a reflected signal reflected from the target and returned. Since the signal coupling unit 130 uses the resistive power divider, the manufacturing cost and system volume can be reduced.

The signal combining unit 130 extracts a part (k 1 a) of the incident signal a and outputs a part (k 2 b) of the reflected signal b which is scattered due to the incident signal being emitted as an electromagnetic wave, ).

The phased array antenna 140 is installed at the rear end of the signal combining unit 130 to increase image resolution and sensing sensitivity, and outputs an incident signal to a target and receives a reflected signal reflected from the target. At this time, the phased array antenna 140 includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.

When a wideband frequency signal, an incident signal, and a reflected signal are inputted, the signal analyzing unit 150 down-converts the signal to an intermediate frequency for convenience of signal analysis, and then analyzes the magnitude or phase of the incident signal and the reflected signal.

The signal analyzing unit 150 includes a first mixer 151, a second mixer 152, an intermediate frequency processing unit 253, a digital signal processing unit (DSP) 154 and a display unit 155.

The first mixer 151 mixes the wideband frequency signal with the incident signal extracted from the signal combining unit 130 to output a first mixed frequency signal and the second mixer 152 mixes the wide frequency signal with the signal combining unit 130 And mixes the extracted reflected signals to output a second mixed frequency signal.

When the first mixing frequency signal and the second mixing frequency signal are input, the intermediate frequency processing unit 153 performs down-conversion to the intermediate frequency and then outputs the first frequency signal IF1 and the second frequency signal IF2 .

The digital signal processing unit 154 receives the first frequency signal or the second frequency signal and converts the first frequency signal and the second frequency signal into digital signals to analyze magnitude and phase difference of the incident signal or the reflected signal. The digital signal processing means 154 can obtain an image of the entire target by beam scanning through the phased array antenna 140 or scan and scan the entire area of the target.

The display means 155 outputs the result of analyzing the signal to the target by the control of the digital signal processing means 154.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, by applying the frequency conversion unit using the LH-NLTL, the broadband frequency signal transmitted from the wideband frequency synthesizer can be amplified by applying a simple saw- Frequency conversion can be performed while maintaining low spuriousness without compensation.

Therefore, when the frequency conversion unit using the LH-NLTL is applied to the reflection system, the structure of the reflection system can be simplified and the same performance as that of the conventional reflection system can be guaranteed.

The reflection system of the linear phase displacement system according to an embodiment of the present invention realizes a frequency translator by using the characteristic that the LH-NLTL linearly changes to the biasing voltage, It can be used in various fields such as low-cost, low-loss and compact reflectometer, FM-CW radar as well as measuring instruments such as network analyzer.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

110: broadband frequency synthesizer 115: resistive divider
120: frequency conversion unit 121: voltage providing means
122: transmission line 130:
140: phased array antenna 150: signal analyzing unit

Claims (7)

A frequency synthesizer for generating a wideband frequency signal by synthesizing frequencies in an ultra-wideband range through an arithmetic process including multiplication, division, and mixing from a reference input frequency;
A frequency converter for outputting an incident signal through a linear phase shift of the wideband frequency signal using a predetermined level of biasing voltage and information corresponding to the wideband frequency signal;
A signal combining unit for extracting an incident signal outputted as a target and extracting a reflected signal reflected from the target; And
And a signal analyzer for down-converting the broadband frequency signal, the incident signal, and the reflected signal to an intermediate frequency, and analyzing the magnitude or phase of the incident signal and the reflected signal. .
The method according to claim 1,
And a phased array antenna disposed downstream of the signal combining unit for outputting the incident signal to the target and receiving a reflected signal reflected from the target.
The method according to claim 1,
The frequency converter may further include:
Voltage providing means for providing a predetermined level of biasing voltage having a sawtooth waveform; And
And a transmission line that linearly generates a phase shift while maintaining a low spurious frequency according to the bias voltage when the bias voltage is provided.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the transmission line is a left handed non-linear transmission line (LH-NLTL) in which varactor diodes are periodically arranged.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the signal coupling unit uses a resistive power divider.
The method according to claim 1,
The signal analyzing unit
A first mixer for mixing the wide frequency signal and the incident signal to output a first mixed frequency signal;
A second mixer for mixing the broadband frequency signal and the reflection signal to output a second mixed frequency signal;
Intermediate frequency processing means for down-converting the first mixed frequency signal and the second mixed frequency signal to an intermediate frequency and filtering the first intermediate frequency signal and the second mixed frequency signal to output a first frequency signal and a second frequency signal;
Digital signal processing means for receiving the first frequency signal or the second frequency signal and for digitally converting the first frequency signal and the second frequency signal to analyze magnitude and phase of the incident signal or the reflected signal; And
And a display means for outputting an analysis result of the digital signal processing means on the screen.
The method according to claim 1,
And a resistor divider in which three resistors are connected in parallel to each other in the Y-shape at the rear end of the frequency synthesizing unit,
Wherein the resistive divider divides the wideband frequency signal output from the frequency synthesizer into an input of the frequency converter and an input of the signal analyzer and transmits the divided signal.
KR1020150160173A 2015-11-16 2015-11-16 System for Linear Phase shift Type Reflectometer KR101766765B1 (en)

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Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007192573A (en) 2006-01-17 2007-08-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Target positioning apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007192573A (en) 2006-01-17 2007-08-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Target positioning apparatus

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Title
한희제 외 2명. LHTL 형태의 위상변위기를 이용한 주파수 변환기에 관한 연구. 한국통신학회 종합 학술 발표회 논문집(동계) 2015, 2015.01, pp.349-350

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