KR101762284B1 - Magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core-shell composite and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core-shell composite and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- KR101762284B1 KR101762284B1 KR1020150132833A KR20150132833A KR101762284B1 KR 101762284 B1 KR101762284 B1 KR 101762284B1 KR 1020150132833 A KR1020150132833 A KR 1020150132833A KR 20150132833 A KR20150132833 A KR 20150132833A KR 101762284 B1 KR101762284 B1 KR 101762284B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/84—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving inorganic compounds or pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/08—Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
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- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y111/00—Oxidoreductases acting on a peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
- C12Y111/01—Peroxidases (1.11.1)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
Abstract
The present invention provides a magnetic nanoparticle comprising: a core comprising magnetic nanoparticles; And a shell located on the surface of the core and comprising platinum (Pt) nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention can improve the activity and sensitivity of the peroxidase by coating platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles. In addition, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite can be applied to a biosensor to improve performance.
Description
The present invention relates to a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite having peroxidase activity coated with platinum nanoparticles on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles, And a manufacturing method thereof.
Enzyme-linked enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) immunoassay methods are now widely used for the detection of a wide range of disease and environmentally harmful substances. ELISA is a method for detecting the presence or absence of specific biomolecules with high sensitivity through a reaction between a specific substrate and an enzyme using a primary antibody binding to an antigenic substance and a secondary antibody-enzyme conjugate binding to the primary antibody. The most commonly used enzyme in such an ELISA is horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a kind of peroxidase. However, the organic enzymes used in conventional ELISA methods such as HRP are not sufficiently sensitive when used in ELSIA due to limited enzyme activity, and enzyme activity greatly varies depending on the surrounding environment, reaction conditions, and storage time, There is a disadvantage that it can cause a big problem.
In order to solve the disadvantages of these organic enzymes, various types of peroxidase analogs such as graphene oxide and metal oxide have been reported ( Nat. Nanotechnol . 2007 , 2, 577) after magnetic nanoparticles were reported to have enzyme mimic activity in 2007 Is being developed. However, the magnetic nanoparticles or metal oxides have insufficient activities and sensitivities per unit of the magnetic nanoparticles, which makes it difficult to use the magnetic nanoparticles or the metal oxides in actual immunodiagnosis.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop enzyme analogs which can be used in enzyme immunoassay, biosensor, or immunohistochemistry using enzyme as a substitute for peroxidase, to improve activity and sensitivity of peroxidase.
The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite in which platinum nanoparticles are coated on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles to improve the activity and sensitivity of the peroxidase enzyme.
The present invention also provides a biosensor using such a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite in which platinum nanoparticles can be coated by a desired amount by coating a platinum salt on the magnetic nanoparticles.
The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a biosensor to which the method for manufacturing a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite is applied.
According to an aspect of the present invention,
A core comprising magnetic nanoparticles; And a shell located on the surface of the core and comprising platinum (Pt) nanoparticles.
The magnetic nanoparticles may include at least one selected from iron oxide and ferrite.
The iron oxide may be at least one selected from Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 .
Wherein the ferrite is CoFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 Or more.
The diameter of the core may be between 8 and 12 nm.
The diameter of the platinum nanoparticles may be 0.1 to 5 nm.
The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite may further include a functional group on the surface thereof.
The functional group may be a carboxyl group.
According to another aspect of the present invention,
And the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
According to another aspect of the present invention,
A magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite is produced by preparing a core containing magnetic nanoparticles and coating a platinum (Pt) nanoparticle on the surface of the core to form a platinum shell, - a method of making a platinum core shell composite is provided.
A method for producing the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite,
(a) preparing magnetic nanoparticles; (b) dispersing the magnetic nanoparticles in a dispersion solvent to prepare a solution in which the magnetic nanoparticles are dispersed; And (c) adding a platinum (Pt) salt and a reducing agent to the solution prepared in step (b) to prepare a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
Wherein step (a) comprises: (a-1) preparing a solution comprising a salt of a metal having magnetic properties; And (a-2) precipitating the magnetic nanoparticles under basic conditions by adding a basic solution to the solution prepared in step (a-1).
Wherein the salt of the metal having magnetism is FeCl 3 and FeCl 2 Or more.
The dispersion solvent may include at least one selected from hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH 2 OH · HCl) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH).
When the platinum salt is H 2 PtCl 6 · 6H 2 O, and K 2 PtCl 4 .
The reducing agent can simultaneously perform the function of the stabilizer.
The reducing agent may be at least one selected from sodium citrate and ascorbic acid.
The basic solution may be any aqueous solution selected from ammonia, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
The basic conditions may be pH 8-12.
According to another aspect of the present invention,
There is provided a method of manufacturing a biosensor including a method of manufacturing the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention can improve the activity and sensitivity of the peroxidase by coating platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles.
In addition, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite can be applied to a biosensor to improve performance.
In addition, the method of manufacturing the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention can coat the platinum nanoparticles by a desired amount by reducing the platinum salt and coating the magnetic nanoparticles on the magnetic nanoparticles.
In addition, a biosensor can be manufactured by applying the method of manufacturing such a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 shows the results of XRD measurement of magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 and the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3.
3 is an HR-TEM image of the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the activity of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 and the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell complex prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 as a peroxidase. FIG.
Figure 5 shows the observation of the parameters of the enzyme reaction through the steady state kinetics of the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell complex prepared according to Comparative Example 1, the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 As a result of measuring the activity as a peroxidase.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.
However, the following description does not limit the present invention to specific embodiments. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of related arts will be omitted if it is determined that the gist of the present invention may be blurred .
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises ", or" having ", and the like, specify that the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, or combinations thereof.
1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the magnetic nanoparticles are exemplified as Fe 3 O 4 , but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Hereinafter, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the following claims.
The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention may include a core containing magnetic nanoparticles and a shell located on the surface of the core and containing platinum (Pt) nanoparticles.
The magnetic nanoparticles may be either iron oxide or ferrite.
The ferrite is a form in which one Fe is replaced with another metal element in iron oxide.
The ferrite may be CoFe 2 O 4 or MnFe 2 O 4 , or the like.
The iron oxide may be Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , or the like.
The diameter of the core may be between 8 and 12 nm, preferably between 9 and 11 nm, more preferably between 9.5 and 10.5 nm.
The diameter of the platinum nanoparticles may be 0.1 to 5 nm, preferably 0.5 to 4 nm, more preferably 0.5 to 3 nm.
The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite further comprises a functional group on the surface, and the functional group can be derived from the carboxylic acid of the surface stabilizer sodium sodium citrate. The functional groups can provide covalent binding or ionic electrical attraction as a means of immobilizing the detection antibody.
The functional group may be carboxyl group.
The present invention also provides a biosensor comprising the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite as described above.
Hereinafter, a method for producing the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention will be described.
The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite of the present invention can be produced by first preparing a core containing magnetic nanoparticles and coating a surface of the core with platinum (Pt) nanoparticles to form a platinum shell, can do.
More specifically, first, magnetic nanoparticles are prepared (step a).
[0033] The step of preparing the magnetic nanoparticles will be described in more detail. A solution containing a salt of a metal having magnetic properties is prepared (step a-1).
Next, a basic solution is added to the solution to precipitate the magnetic nanoparticles under basic conditions to prepare magnetic nanoparticles (step a-2).
The salt of the magnetic metal may be FeCl 3 or / and FeCl 2 , and preferably FeCl 3 and FeCl 2 may be mixed in an appropriate ratio.
The precipitation can be carried out at 50 to 100 占 폚, preferably at 60 to 95 占 폚, more preferably at 70 to 90 占 폚.
The precipitation can be carried out for 2 to 6 hours, preferably 3 to 5 hours, more preferably 3 to 30 minutes to 4 hours and 30 minutes. However, the time for performing the precipitation is not limited thereto, and may be varied depending on the temperature of the precipitation.
The basic solution may be an aqueous solution such as ammonia, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide, and preferably an aqueous ammonia solution.
The basic condition may be a pH of 8 to 12, preferably 9 to 11, more preferably 9.5 to 10.5.
Next, the magnetic nanoparticles are dispersed in a dispersion solvent to prepare a solution in which the magnetic nanoparticles are dispersed (step b).
The dispersion solvent used may be possible, such as hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH 2 OH · HCl), tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), preferably a mixture of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and tetramethylammonium hydroxide Can be used.
Finally, in the solution in which the magnetic nanoparticles are dispersed Platinum (Pt) salts and A magnetic nanoparticle-platinum Core shell (Step c).
The platinum salt may be H 2 PtCl 6 · 6H 2 O, or K 2 PtCl 4 , And preferably H 2 PtCl 6 · 6H 2 O.
The reducing agent may simultaneously function as a stabilizer, and sodium citrate, ascorbic acid, and the like may be possible. The reducing agent is preferably sodium citrate and ascorbic acid.
The addition can be carried out slowly for 1 to 3 hours, preferably 1
The reaction time may be 2 hours to 6 hours, preferably 3 hours to 5 hours, more preferably 3 hours to 5 hours, more preferably 3 hours to 5 hours, so that the platinum nanoparticles can be coated on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles after the addition. The time may be from 30 minutes to 4 hours and 30 minutes.
The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a biosensor including the above-described method of manufacturing a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
[Example]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, this is for illustrative purposes only, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Manufacturing example 1: Preparation of magnetic nanoparticles ( Fe 3 O 4 )
A solution of FeCl 3 and FeCl 2 in a molar ratio of 2: 1 was dissolved in 30% ammonia water to prepare a solution at
Example 1: Magnetic nanoparticles - platinum Core shell Preparation of complex ( MPt / CS-7)
The magnetic nanoparticles prepared in Preparation Example 1 were dispersed in an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH 2 OH.HCl) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH). Next, H 2 PtCl 6 at 80 ° C under an argon gas atmosphere 6H 2 O, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and surface stabilizer were slowly added dropwise for 2 hours and then reacted for 3 hours to coat platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles A magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite was prepared. The H 2 PtCl 6 The amount of 6H 2 O was added so that the weight ratio of platinum nanoparticles: magnetic nanoparticles was 1:10.
Example 2: Magnetic nanoparticles - platinum Core shell Preparation of complex ( MPt / CS-15)
H 2 PtCl 6 A magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of 6H 2 O was added so that the weight ratio of platinum nanoparticles: magnetic nanoparticles was 1: 3.
Example 3: Magnetic nanoparticles - platinum Core shell Preparation of complex ( MPt / CS-30)
H 2 PtCl 6 A magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of 6H 2 O was added so that the weight ratio of platinum nanoparticles: magnetic nanoparticles was 1: 1.
Comparative Example 1: Preparation of magnetic nanoparticles ( Fe 3 O 4 )
Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, and no shell was formed.
[Test Example]
Test Example One: XRD Measure
FIG. 2 shows XRD measurement results of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 and the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3. FIG.
Referring to FIG. 2, it was found that the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 had a composition of Fe 3 O 4 . The magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Example 3 exhibited a stronger platinum peak than the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Example 1, and thus it was found that more platinum was coated there was.
Test Example 2: High magnification electron transmission microscope (HR- TEM ) Image analysis
3 is an HR-TEM image of the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1. FIG.
Referring to FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 and the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 were formed. It was also found that the diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1 was about 10 nm and the diameter of the platinum nanoparticles coated on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles was 1 to 2 nm.
Test Example 3: Identification of peroxidase activity
4 (a) is a photograph showing the color change observed to measure the activity of the magnetic nanoparticles prepared in Comparative Example 1, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 as a peroxidase enzyme (
4 and 5, magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 ) prepared according to Comparative Example 1 had activity as a peroxidase enzyme as compared to the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 Very low. The activity of the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell complex (MPt / CS-30) prepared according to Example 3 compared to the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite (MPt / CS-7) .
Therefore, it was found that as the platinum nanoparticles are coated more, the activity as a peroxidase increases.
Test Example 4: Reaction parameter analysis
Table 1 shows the magnetic nanoparticles prepared according to Comparative Example 1, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 as a peroxide enzyme calculated using a Lineweaver-Burk plot. And the reaction parameters (Catalytic Parameters).
Here, K m is a Michaelis-Menten constant, V max is a maximum reaction rate, k cat is a catalyst constant, and Relative k cat / Pt is a catalyst constant per Pt.
Referring to Table 1, the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Example 3, in which a high proportion of platinum nanoparticles were coated, showed the highest activity. However, the activity for the amount of the unit platinum nanoparticles was highest in Example 1.
Thus, it was found that the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 exhibited excellent activity as a peroxidase enzyme, and the activity increased as the ratio of platinum nanoparticles coated increased.
The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.
Claims (20)
(b) dispersing the magnetic nanoparticles in a dispersion solvent to prepare a solution in which the magnetic nanoparticles are dispersed; And
(c) adding a platinum (Pt) salt and a reducing agent to the solution prepared in step (b) to prepare a magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite,
The reducing agent is at least one selected from sodium citrate and ascorbic acid,
Wherein the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite comprises a core comprising the magnetic nanoparticles; A shell positioned on the surface of the core and comprising platinum (Pt) nanoparticles; And a functional group on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite,
The functional group is a carboxyl group,
Wherein the reducing agent simultaneously performs the function of a stabilizer.
Method of manufacturing magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite.
Wherein the magnetic nanoparticles comprise at least one selected from iron oxide and ferrite. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
Wherein the iron oxide is at least one selected from Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 .
Wherein the ferrite is at least one selected from CoFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 .
Wherein the core has a diameter of 8 to 12 nm. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 8. < / RTI >
Wherein the platinum nanoparticles have a diameter of 0.1 to 5 nm.
Step (a)
(a-1) preparing a solution containing a salt of a metal having magnetism; And
(a-2) a step of precipitating magnetic nanoparticles under basic conditions by adding a basic solution to the solution prepared in step (a-1); and .
Wherein the salt of the metal having magnetism is FeCl 3 And FeCl 2 , wherein the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite is at least one selected from the group consisting of FeCl 3 and FeCl 2 .
Wherein the dispersion solvent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH 2 OH.HCl), and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), and a method for producing the magnetic nanoparticle-platinum core shell composite .
Wherein the platinum salt is at least one selected from H 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O and K 2 PtCl 4 .
Wherein the basic solution is an aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of ammonia, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
Wherein the basic condition is a pH of 8-12. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
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| KR102021663B1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-09-16 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Method of detecting a target material using magnetic bead based enzyme-mimic nanozyme |
| KR102064961B1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2020-01-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Magnetic nanoparticles and method for amplification of signal in lateral flow assay by using the same |
| KR102488840B1 (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-01-18 | 주식회사 지티아이바이오사이언스 | A method of iron oxide magnetic particles |
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| US20080226917A1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-09-18 | Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Core-shell nanoparticles with multiple cores and a method for fabricating them |
| KR101227389B1 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2013-02-01 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Synthetic Methods for Monodisperse Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
| KR101481813B1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-12 | 한국과학기술원 | Platinum Nanoparticles-Magnetic Nanoparticles-Graphene Oxide Hybrid and Method for Preparing the Same |
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| US20080226917A1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-09-18 | Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Core-shell nanoparticles with multiple cores and a method for fabricating them |
| KR101227389B1 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2013-02-01 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Synthetic Methods for Monodisperse Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
| KR101481813B1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-12 | 한국과학기술원 | Platinum Nanoparticles-Magnetic Nanoparticles-Graphene Oxide Hybrid and Method for Preparing the Same |
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