KR101674811B1 - An Reinforcement Method for Weak Area in Underground Space Excavation - Google Patents

An Reinforcement Method for Weak Area in Underground Space Excavation Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101674811B1
KR101674811B1 KR1020150088317A KR20150088317A KR101674811B1 KR 101674811 B1 KR101674811 B1 KR 101674811B1 KR 1020150088317 A KR1020150088317 A KR 1020150088317A KR 20150088317 A KR20150088317 A KR 20150088317A KR 101674811 B1 KR101674811 B1 KR 101674811B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
tunnel
steel wire
ground reinforcement
steel pipe
excavation
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KR1020150088317A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이석진
김종선
도남영
김봉찬
이준호
박스칸
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롯데건설 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020150088317A priority Critical patent/KR101674811B1/en
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Publication of KR101674811B1 publication Critical patent/KR101674811B1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ground reinforcement method for an underground space, and more particularly, to a ground reinforcement method for a subterranean excavation weakening portion in which reinforcement of a weakened portion is made in a three-dimensional cubic shape to secure stability of an underground space. The construction includes a main tunnel tunnel excavation step in which a pithead is installed at a site where a close-proximity tunnel is to be excavated and a main tunnel is excavated to a required depth, and a main tunnel tunnel excavation step in which a branch tunnel is excavated from a side excavation surface of the main- A step of drilling holes for inserting a plurality of ground reinforcement insert holes having a lower, left, and right spacing, a step of drilling the ground reinforcement insert holes, and a step of installing a steel pipe or a rock bolt through the perforated hole for inserting the ground reinforcement, And a grooved tunnel excavation step for excavating the branch tunnel to a depth corresponding to the main tunnel to one side of the main tunnel adjacent to the main tunnel, A method of reinforcing a weakened portion of a ground by passing a steel wire through the steel pipe, Or a steel wire having a ring formed on the rock bolt is provided and a steel wire protecting member is provided on one side of the steel wire and then the connecting part formed on the other end of the steel wire is fastened with a fastener to form a three- To form a cube-like shape; And a control unit.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an underground space excavation method,

The present invention relates to a ground reinforcement method for an underground space, and more particularly, to a ground reinforcement method for a subterranean excavation weakening portion in which reinforcement of a weakened portion is made in a three-dimensional cubic shape to secure stability of an underground space.

In general, in order to prevent the ground or rock from loosening or collapsing by transferring the tensile force generated in the structure to the ground and rock, cable bolts or rock bolts (drilled into the rock during tunnel or rock cut, etc., A bolt used to prevent collapse of the surface rock as a nut tightening mechanism, etc.), shotcrete (grout for blowing cement, coarse aggregate and water into compressed air), H type And reinforced with ground reinforcements including girders and girders.

However, in the conventional method of reinforcing a weak ground for excavation, for example, not only the excavation weak portion of the outer tunnel but also the one-dimensional (one-dimension: one-dimensional Is geometrically straight or curved), it has a problem that the reinforcement area is very narrow because it is provided to reinforce the ground.

Also, since the reinforcing area is narrow, many stiffeners must be installed, which causes problems such as damage to the excavation weak part due to a large number of holes.

In the prior art, the reinforcing bars of the reinforcing bar type are connected and fastened to the walls of both tunnel excavation sections to secure the binding force of the pillars. However, since the binding force of the pillars in the direction of tunnel advance is weak, There is a problem of being exposed to the risk of falling down.

In addition, in a weak section where the ground condition is poor, not only the reinforcing efficiency is lowered but also it is difficult to reinforce the weak section at one time.

Patent No. 10-0682556

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional The present invention provides a ground reinforcement method for a weak section of an underground space which is reinforced in a cube shape to improve the ground reinforcement efficiency and ensure stability.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing a main tunnel, the method comprising: a main tunnel tunnel excavation step of installing a pithead at a site where a close-proximity tunnel is to be excavated and excavating a main tunnel to a required depth; A step of drilling a plurality of ground reinforcement material insertion holes each having an upper, lower, left, and right spacing in a direction in which the tunnel is to be excavated, a step of drilling the ground reinforcement material insertion hole, A step of grouting or installing a steel pipe or a rock bolt for grouting by grouting pressure grout between the wall surface of the reinforcing material insertion hole and the outer circumferential surface of the ground reinforcement and a step for grouting the branch tunnel to a depth corresponding to the main tunnel, Claims [1] A method of reinforcing an underground excavation weak ground comprising a tunnel excavation step, comprising the steps of: A horizontal line, a vertical plane and a diagonal plane are formed to form a three-dimensional cubic shape, or a steel wire having a loop formed in the rock bolt is provided and a steel wire protecting member is provided on one side of the steel wire, A step of installing a steel wire into a three-dimensional cubic shape by fastening the part with a fastener; And a control unit.

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At both ends of the lock bolt, there are provided a steel wire protecting member composed of a roughly-shaped " A " shape or an alphabet " T " or " + " shape for protecting the steel wire and a grooved- And the sealing member is formed so as not to be contacted.

As described above, according to the present invention, the reinforcing material is installed in a three-dimensional cubic shape in a poor quality zone or a weak zone in the ground to induce the ground confining force, thereby achieving a much stronger ground reinforcement than the conventional one.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of restricting the space utilization because the underground space other than the necessary portion can be removed by restricting the section serving as a column in the underground space in the form of a three-dimensional cube.

In addition, since the present invention can utilize the rock bolt pre-installed as it is, it is easy to repair and reinforce it, and if necessary, it can improve the ground restraint stress by additional reinforcement, so that it can flexibly cope with the relaxation of the ground layer, There is an effect.

In addition, the present invention can be applied as a reinforcing method when adjacent tunnel excavation and near-proximity tunnel evacuation are performed in a weak zone of stratum, and further reinforcement and maintenance can be easily performed in a required section.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically showing a procedure of a ground reinforcement method for an underground space according to the present invention.
2 is a schematic view of a ground reinforcement according to the present invention.
FIGS. 3 to 8 are diagrams showing the steps of the main tunnel tunneling, the steel pipe installation, and the branch tunnel excavation.
9 and 10 are views schematically showing a state in which a steel pipe and a steel wire are fastened using a fastener so as to form a horizontal plane using the ground reinforcement according to the present invention.
FIGS. 11 to 15 are schematic views showing a state in which a steel wire is passed through a steel pipe according to the present invention to form a horizontal plane, a vertical plane and a diagonal plane to form a cubic shape as a whole.
16 and 17 are views showing a structure in which a curved portion of a steel pipe according to the present invention is detachably attached.
18 to 20 show another embodiment according to the present invention in which a steel wire having a ring formed in a rock bolt preliminarily installed in a steel pipe is inserted and a letter " A "Quot; -shaped " or " + " -shaped shape, and then fastened to the other end of the steel wire with a fastener to form a three-dimensional cube shape.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method for reinforcing an underground space excavation weak ground according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the same reference numerals will be used to denote the same or similar elements in all of the following drawings, and repetitive descriptions will be omitted. The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention. It should be interpreted as meaning.

First, the present invention is a method for reinforcing the ground of the excavation weakening part more firmly at the time of excavation, in addition to the juxtaposed tunnel, the tunnel underground branching section, the close juxtaposed tunnel section, and the underground tunnel.

As one example, in the present invention, a method of reinforcing a ground of a drill-weakened portion when constructing a close-coupled tunnel will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17.

The method of reinforcing a ground of a weak excavation site according to the present invention includes a tunnel excavation step S210, a ground reinforcement hole boring step S220, a steel pipe inserting and grouting step S230, a branch tunnel excavation step S240, ).

In the main tunnel tunneling step, pitheads (mining equipment, storage areas, offices, etc.) necessary for underground mining operations are installed at the site where the close-coupled tunnel is to be excavated, (S210)

At this time, when the excavation is completed to the required depth, the excavation surface 11 is polished, shotcrete 12 is placed thereon and the excavation surface 11 is stabilized by hardening, and then a plurality of support materials (13) is installed to reinforce the excavation surface (11) of the main tunnel (10).

Next, in the step of drilling the ground reinforcement material insertion hole, the upper, lower, left, and right gaps are formed in the direction in which the branch tunnel 20 is excavated from the one-side excavation surface 11 of the main tunnel 10 A plurality of ground reinforcement material insertion holes H are drilled (S220)

Here, it is preferable that the penetration of the ground reinforcement material insertion hole H is formed to a depth that can penetrate the one excavation surface of the branch tunnel 20 to be excavated later.

In the step of inserting and grouting the steel pipe, the steel pipe 110 constituting the ground reinforcement material 100 is inserted into the perforated ground reinforcement material insertion hole H and the wall surface of the ground reinforcement material insertion hole H and the surface of the steel pipe 110 A grout is grooved between the outer circumferential surfaces by pressure injection (S230)

At this time, it is preferable that a sealing member 140 in the form of a rubber ring is installed at both ends of the steel pipe 110 so that the grout liquid does not flow out to the outside.

That is, since the sealing member 140 is firmly installed between the steel pipe 110 and both ends of the ground reinforcement member insertion hole H, the sealing member 140 is inserted between the wall surface of the ground reinforcement member insertion hole H and the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 110 The grout liquid is blocked by the sealing member 140 and prevented from flowing out to the outside.

Accordingly, the grout is injected into the grooves or cavities of the ground or rock caused by excavation or boring by the grouting operation, and the gap between the wall surface of the ground reinforcement material insertion hole H and the outer surface of the steel pipe 110 The steel pipe 110 is rigidly fixed and a rock bolt function is generated to firmly reinforce and support a part of the excavated and perforated ground or rock.

The ground reinforcement 100 includes a steel pipe 110, a steel wire 120, a fastener 130, and a closure member 140.

In more detail, the steel pipe 110 may have a curved surface 111 integrally formed at both ends thereof to prevent the steel wire 120 from being damaged, or may be detachably attached to the steel pipe 110.

The reason why the curved surface 111 is formed at both ends of the steel pipe 110 is that the steel wire 120 is damaged due to interference with the end of the steel pipe 110, .

That is, when both ends of the steel pipe 110 are formed as curved right angles rather than curved surfaces, if the steel pipe 120 installed therein is damaged by interference with the end of the steel pipe 120 during the tensioning operation, This is to prevent this because the strength of the beam can be deteriorated.

When the curved surface portion 111 is formed to be removable, a female thread 111a is formed inside one end of the curved surface portion 111 and a male thread 110a is formed on the outer surface of the steel pipe 110, It is preferable to fix it.

The steel wire 120 may be a prestressed concrete PC wire or a PC prestressing strand or a PC steel wire, In addition to stranded wires of two rows, three rows and seven rows, there is a strand of gold-silver diameter).

The steel wire 120 is formed to extend through the steel pipe 110 so as to pass through the inside of another adjacent steel pipe 110 so as to be installed diagonally as well as up, It is preferable to form the shape.

In addition, the steel wire 120 is preferably formed at its both ends with a fastening part 121 formed of male thread for fastening with the fastener 130.

The fastener 130 is rotated by a turn buckle using a wrench or the like as well as a turn buckle (mechanism for adjusting the length of the support rod or support wire rope) And a circular fastener (not shown) which can be firmly and easily fastened to the body 121 by means of fasteners.

In addition, the fastener 130 may be branched in various directions so as to receive and fasten the plurality of steel wires 120.

The sealing member 140 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a band shape, a funnel shape, or the like using a material such as rubber having elasticity and airtightness, and is inserted outside the both ends of the steel pipe 110 so that the steel pipe 110 is inserted into the ground reinforcement After being installed in the hole (H), it functions to seal the grout liquid from flowing out due to the grouting operation.

When the excavation of the main tunnel 10 and the installation of the steel pipe 110 and the closure member 140 of the ground reinforcement 100 are completed, the branch tunnel 20 is excavated to one side of the main tunnel 10, The branch tunnel 20 is excavated to a depth corresponding to the main tunnel 10.

The branch tunnel excavation step excavates the branch tunnel 20 to a depth corresponding to the main-line tunnel 10 to one side adjacent to the main-line tunnel 10 (S240)

At this time, a plurality of ground reinforcement material insertion holes H, which are perforated so as to have an upward, downward, left, and right spacing in a direction in which the branch tunnel 20 is excavated, are inserted from the one side excavation surface 11 of the main line tunnel 10 So that a penetrating portion is formed inside the steel pipe 110.

When the excavation of the branch tunnel 20 to the depth corresponding to the main line tunnel 10 is completed, the excavation surface 21 of the branch tunnel 20 is polished and the shotcrete 22 is put thereon by excavation and hardening After the surface 21 is stabilized, a plurality of support members 23 are installed in the direction of the excavation cross section to reinforce the branch tunnel excavation surface 21.

The steel wire 120 is installed in a three-dimensional cubic shape inside the steel pipe 110 installed to penetrate between the main tunnel 10 and the branch tunnel 20 (S250)

A plurality of ground reinforcement material insertion holes H perforated upward, downward, left, and right so as to pass through one side of the main tunnel 10 and the branch tunnel 20, And the steel wires 120 are mutually passed to the inside of the body 110 to form a three-dimensional cubic shape.

For example, after the one steel wire 120 is passed through each steel pipe 110 adjacent to the left and right so as to form a horizontal plane between the steel wire 120 and the steel pipe 110, The fastening part 121 is fastened to the fastening part 130.

The other steel wire 120 is vertically passed through each adjacent steel pipe 110 so that the connection between the steel wire 120 and the steel pipe 110 forms a vertical plane. The fastening part 121 is fastened to the fastening part 130.

Then, another steel wire 120 is passed through each steel pipe 110 adjacent to the upper, lower, left, and right sides so that the connection between the steel pipe 110 and the steel wire 120 forms a diagonal face, The fastening portions 121 formed at both ends of the steel wire 120 are fastened with the fastening tool 130. [

That is, in the step of installing a steel wire according to the present invention, a tensile force is introduced into the steel wire 120 due to the firm connection of the fastener 121 and the fastener 130 by passing the steel wire 120 through the steel pipe 110, The vertical and diagonal planes are formed so as to form a three-dimensional cubic shape, so that the ground reinforcement of the excavation weak portion can be further strengthened.

The steel wire 120 and the fastener 130 may be formed only on one side of the steel pipe 110 or on both sides of the steel pipe 110 in order to increase the tensile efficiency.

As a result, the steel wire 120 is pulled upward, downward, leftward, rightward, and diagonal directions to induce a wide restraint state in the form of a three-dimensional cubic structure, so that the strength reinforcement and stability Improvement can be achieved.

18 to 20 show another embodiment according to the present invention. In the steel pipe insertion and steel wire installation step, a rock bolt (not shown) provided in addition to the steel pipe 110 in the ground reinforcement member insertion hole H And a steel wire protector 160 having a shape of a letter "A" or alphabet "T" shape or "+" shape formed on one side of the steel wire 120 by inserting a steel wire 120 having a ring on the wire 150, And then the fastening portion 121 formed at the other end of the steel wire 120 is fastened by the fastening tool 130 to form a three-dimensional cube shape. Thus, It can double the strength of vulnerabilities.

That is, a steel wire 120 having a ring (not shown) formed at one end thereof is coupled to both ends of the lock bolt 150, and two wires (not shown) are connected to one side of the ring bolt 150, A steel wire protector 160 having a shape of a letter "A" or alphabet "T" or "+" for protecting a plurality of branched steel wires 120 such as a wire is inserted and installed.

A sealing member 140 is formed on the outer side of the steel wire protecting protrusion 160 such that the grouting solution does not leak to the outside during grouting, in the shape of letter "A" or alphabet "T" or "+".

Next, the fastener 130 is fastened to the fastening portion 121 formed at the other end of the steel wire 120 to form a three-dimensional cubic shape.

As a result, it is easy to repair and reinforce the close-coupled tunnel constructed in the past, and it is possible to increase the restrained stress through additional reinforcement if necessary, so that the stability can be improved by flexibly coping with the relaxation of the ground layer, You can.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. And will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

10: main tunnel 11: excavation surface
12: shotcrete 13:
20: branch tunnel 21: excavation surface
22: shotcrete 23:
100: Ground reinforcement material 110: Steel pipe
110a: male screw 111:
111a: Female thread 120: Steel wire
121: fastening part 130: fastening part
140: sealing member 150: locking bolt
160: Steel wire harness H: Ground reinforcement insert hole

Claims (7)

A main tunnel tunnel excavating step of installing a pithead at a site where the close-coupled tunnel is to be excavated and excavating the main tunnel to a desired depth; A step of drilling holes for inserting a plurality of ground reinforcement insert holes having left and right gaps, a step of installing a steel pipe or a rock bolt through the perforated hole for inserting the ground reinforcement, And a branch tunnel excavating step of excavating the branch tunnel to a depth corresponding to the main tunnel to a side adjacent to the main tunnel, comprising the steps of installing and grouting a steel pipe or a rock bolt grouting by grout pressure injection, In the ground reinforcement method,
A steel wire passing through the steel pipe is formed to form a three-dimensional cubic shape by forming a horizontal plane, a vertical plane and a diagonal plane, or a steel wire having a loop formed in the rock bolt is provided and a steel wire protector is installed on one side of the steel wire, A step of fastening a fastening part formed at the other end of the steel wire with a fastening part to form a three-dimensional cube; Wherein the ground reinforcement weakening portion is grounded. delete delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
At both ends of the lock bolt, there are provided a steel wire protecting member composed of a roughly-shaped " A " shape or an alphabet " T " or " + " shape for protecting the steel wire and a grooved- Wherein the closure member is formed to prevent the ground member from being damaged.
KR1020150088317A 2015-06-22 2015-06-22 An Reinforcement Method for Weak Area in Underground Space Excavation KR101674811B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190049012A (en) 2017-11-01 2019-05-09 롯데건설 주식회사 Bracket for ground reinforcement
KR20190110070A (en) 2019-05-13 2019-09-27 (주)하경엔지니어링 Construction method of close parallel tunnel for excavating and reinforcing tunnel pillar portion according to ground conditions

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4946315A (en) * 1988-12-13 1990-08-07 Chugh Yoginder P Mine roof system
US5462391A (en) * 1994-01-24 1995-10-31 Scott Investment Partners Mine roof support cribbing system
KR100682556B1 (en) 2005-12-28 2007-02-15 김현래 Ground reinforcement method and device thereof
KR101096664B1 (en) * 2011-06-15 2011-12-23 주식회사 성우사면 Construction method of approaching duel tunnel and pressing unit of pillar using the same
KR101402267B1 (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-06-02 주식회사 성우사면 Close juxtaposition tunnel pillar reinforcement structure and its construction methods

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4946315A (en) * 1988-12-13 1990-08-07 Chugh Yoginder P Mine roof system
US5462391A (en) * 1994-01-24 1995-10-31 Scott Investment Partners Mine roof support cribbing system
KR100682556B1 (en) 2005-12-28 2007-02-15 김현래 Ground reinforcement method and device thereof
KR101096664B1 (en) * 2011-06-15 2011-12-23 주식회사 성우사면 Construction method of approaching duel tunnel and pressing unit of pillar using the same
KR101402267B1 (en) * 2013-09-16 2014-06-02 주식회사 성우사면 Close juxtaposition tunnel pillar reinforcement structure and its construction methods

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190049012A (en) 2017-11-01 2019-05-09 롯데건설 주식회사 Bracket for ground reinforcement
KR20190110070A (en) 2019-05-13 2019-09-27 (주)하경엔지니어링 Construction method of close parallel tunnel for excavating and reinforcing tunnel pillar portion according to ground conditions

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