KR101636872B1 - Plasma arc apparatus for synthesis gas production - Google Patents

Plasma arc apparatus for synthesis gas production Download PDF

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KR101636872B1
KR101636872B1 KR1020150067214A KR20150067214A KR101636872B1 KR 101636872 B1 KR101636872 B1 KR 101636872B1 KR 1020150067214 A KR1020150067214 A KR 1020150067214A KR 20150067214 A KR20150067214 A KR 20150067214A KR 101636872 B1 KR101636872 B1 KR 101636872B1
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gas
electrode
arc
main body
internal electrode
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KR1020150067214A
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Korean (ko)
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박동화
박현우
리우징린
정우재
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인하대학교 산학협력단
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/006—Control circuits therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/38—Guiding or centering of electrodes
    • H05H2001/3421—

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an arc plasma apparatus for producing a synthetic gas, wherein the plasma apparatus can effectively reform a raw material gas by enhancing contact efficiency between an injected gas and an arc inside a torch, and prevent an inner electrode from being eroded and enhance the lifespan of a plasma apparatus by installing a ceramic core. The arc plasma apparatus for producing a synthetic gas according to the present invention comprises: a main body; an inner electrode formed in a cylindrical shape inside the main body; an outer electrode which is formed by being spaced at a preset distance from the inner electrode, and of which at least a part of an upper portion is formed in a cylindrical shape with a gradually reducing radius; a ceramic nozzle formed at the upper end of the outer electrode; an insulation unit for electrically insulating the inner electrode and the outer electrode; and a gas injection unit, formed on a side of the main body, for allowing a raw material gas to be injected into a reaction space formed by the inner electrode and the outer electrode.

Description

Arc plasma apparatus for synthesis gas production. {Plasma arc apparatus for synthesis gas production}

The present invention relates to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas and a method of using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas by improving the efficiency of contact between an injection gas and an arc in a torch, To an arc plasma apparatus for the production of syngas, which can prevent corrosion of the electrodes and improve the life of the plasma apparatus.

The arc discharge generates an arc between the anode and the cathode to obtain high temperature thermal energy, and the temperature is very high, about 10,000 ° C. The plasma generated at this time is referred to as an arc plasma, and the generating apparatus is referred to as a plasma torch.

Plasma arc torches have high temperature and high enthalpy characteristics and can be widely applied to other metal processing work such as plasma welding, hazardous waste treatment, plasma spraying, diamond film formation, and the like. The advantage of the plasma heating is that the facility is compact, the ultra-high temperature can be obtained quickly, and the amount of exhaust gas is small, which can be a clean energy source.

The plasma heating method is divided into a transfer type and a non-transfer type. In the non-transfer type, two electrodes of an anode and a cathode are present in the torch. In the transfer type, the anode is outside the torch, The present invention is also applicable to the melting of molten glass.

Plasma gas can be applied in various ways such as argon, nitrogen and hydrogen, and air and steam can be used as plasma gas. In order to provide the steam to the torch, it is a general method to supply the steam produced from the outside with the steam generating portion to the steam torch through the steel tube.

Since the internal temperature of the torch is normal at the beginning of the torch operation, condensation occurs in the introduced steam, so that almost all of the steam is condensed and water flows out from the torch nozzle. In such a case, water may flow out from the torch during operation, which may cause normal operation or danger of electric leakage, and the process may be interrupted because the flame is turned off or the stable state of the flame becomes difficult to maintain.

On the other hand, it is a conventional general method that the steam produced in the steam generating part is directly introduced into the steam torch after confirming the state of the steam generated by passing through the pressure gauge, the thermometer and the flow meter. In this method, the steam produced by the steam generating section is in a wet state containing moisture, so that the torch can be supplied with water together with the steam.

Generally, in a gas reforming reaction using an arc plasma, a reaction gas for reforming is directly used as a plasma gas in order to increase a reforming efficiency through direct contact with an arc in a plasma torch. In this case, the plasma discharge may be unstable due to various plasma gas compositions. In order to compensate the plasma discharge, a relatively high voltage should be applied to keep the arc constant. If the arc length is constant and the inputted voltage and current value are kept constant, the temperature distribution in the plasma is kept constant, and a stable chemical reaction can be induced. In the conventional arc plasma apparatus for reforming reaction, there is a problem that the arc length is not constant and the plasma volume is continuously changed, which makes it difficult to maintain a uniform chemical reaction.

In addition, the plasma volume is associated with the hot zone and the reaction time at which the reactants for the reforming reaction can react. When the plasma volume is large, the high-temperature region where the reactants can react can be increased, and the reaction can be effectively induced at a relatively high temperature, and the reaction time can be prolonged, thereby increasing the efficiency of the reforming reaction. It is therefore important to make the plasma volume relatively large, and it is essential to maintain a stable plasma volume. However, there is a problem that a long arc having a long voltage applied with a high voltage must be stably formed.

The present invention is directed to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas and a method of using the arc plasma apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas, An object of the present invention is to provide an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas which can prevent the corrosion of internal electrodes and improve the lifetime of a plasma apparatus by providing a core.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas,

main body; An inner electrode formed inside the body in a cylindrical shape; An external electrode formed at a predetermined distance from the internal electrode and having a cylindrical shape with at least a portion of the upper portion being smaller in radius; A ceramic nozzle formed on the top of the external electrode; An insulating portion electrically insulating the inner electrode and the outer electrode; A gas injection unit formed on a side surface of the main body and injecting a raw material gas into a reaction space formed by the internal electrode and the external electrode; .

The present invention relates to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas, and more particularly, to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas, and more particularly, to an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas, It is possible to provide an arc plasma apparatus for producing syngas capable of effectively reforming the raw material gas and improving the life of the plasma apparatus by preventing the corrosion of the internal electrode by providing a ceramic core.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing an arc flow between an external electrode and an internal electrode in an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a gas injection portion of an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view illustrating an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an actual discharge state and a flow inside a body through an experiment of an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a schematic view of an arc plasma apparatus system for a biogas reforming reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph showing voltage and current waveforms for discharging an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals as used in the appended drawings denote like elements, unless indicated otherwise. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather obvious or understandable to those skilled in the art.

1 and 2, an arc plasma apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 110, an internal electrode 120, an external electrode 130, a ceramic nozzle 140, 150, and a gas injection unit 160.

The main body 110 is formed, for example, in the shape of a cylinder or a polygonal column, and a cylindrical inner space having a constant radius is formed inside. In addition, the inner space is formed in a cylinder shape having a gradually decreasing radius from a predetermined position toward the upper portion. The inner space provides a reaction space in which the injected source gas can react with the plasma arc.

The internal electrode 120 is an electrode to which power is supplied by a power supply unit 300, which will be described later, and may be formed vertically below the internal space of the main body 110. For example, the internal electrode 120 may be formed in a circular bar shape. The inner electrode 120 may include a core 121 of a ceramic material having a predetermined shape, for example, a circular or polygonal shape and having a predetermined height, for protecting the inner electrode from corrosion. have. The core 121 protects the internal electrode 120 from corrosion due to an arc generated between the external electrode 130 and the internal electrode 120. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), by forming a ceramic insulator at the center of the internal electrode 120, an arc can be generated only at the edge of the internal electrode 120 except for the center portion.

2 (b), an arc formed between the internal electrode 120 and the external electrode 130 rotates between the other ends of the internal electrode 120, (120). However, if the core is formed at the center of the internal electrode 120, the arc is rotated at the portion except for the core, so that a uniform arc with less fluctuation can be generated, and corrosion of the internal electrode in the core portion can be prevented. Therefore, it is effective to prevent the arc from shaking, to concentrate the action of the arc, and to increase the efficiency. In addition, corrosion of the internal electrode 120 is prevented to improve the life of the internal electrode.

The external electrode 130 may be a ground electrode and is formed on the inner surface of the main body 110 at a predetermined distance from the internal electrode. The outer electrode 130 is formed in the same shape as the inner surface of the main body 110. That is, the external electrode 130 is formed in a cylinder shape in which the radius gradually decreases from a predetermined position toward the upper portion. An arc discharge occurs in a space where the external electrode 130 and the internal electrode 120 are separated from each other.

The ceramic nozzle 140 is formed on the top of the external electrode 130. More specifically, the ceramic nozzle 140 is formed at the upper end of the main body 110 where the radius of the cylinder is reduced. In the reaction space inside the main body 110, a raw material gas and a plasma arc come into contact with each other, And flows out to the outside of the main body 110. For example, when the source gas is methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), the synthesis gas may be hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO). The ceramic nozzle 140 has a cylindrical shape with a smaller radius toward the upper part, and the flow rate of the ceramic nozzle 140 increases toward the upper part, thereby facilitating the outflow of the raw material gas-modified synthesis gas. The syngas thus discharged flows into the system including the arc plasma apparatus 100 described later.

The insulating portion 150 includes a grafting ring 151, a ceramic insulator 152, and a grapple ferrule 153.

The insulating part 150 is positioned below the main body 110 and the center axis of the insulating part 150 is arranged on the same axis as the center axis of the main body 110. A long rod-like support is located at the center of the insulating part 150. The outer part of the upper support may be formed to surround the ceramic insulator 152 and may be supported by a grapple ferrule 153.

The insulating portion 150 insulates the external electrode from the internal electrode by the ceramic insulator 152.

Further, the graft ring 151 may be formed around the ceramic insulator 152 to prevent gas from leaking between the internal electrode and the ceramic insulator.

The gas injecting unit 160 may be formed inside the main body. For example, the gas injecting unit 160 mixes the source gas of methane and the carbon dioxide-containing biogas together with oxygen and injects the mixed gas into the main body 110. The mass flow controller (MFC) 210 may be used as the gas injection unit connected to the gas injection unit, and the mixed gas may be maintained at a uniform flow rate using the flow controller, ). ≪ / RTI >

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas injection unit 160 is connected to the inner surface of the main body 110 in a tangential manner so as to inject the raw material gas in the tangential direction of the main body 110. In addition, at least two gas injection units may be included to allow the raw material gas to be injected into the main body 110 while rotating in a spiral manner.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the gas injection unit is formed in a tangential shape, the raw material gas injected by the inner surface of the main body may be rotated into a spiral shape and introduced into the main body 110. The rotation of the raw material gas can increase the direct contact efficiency between the internal electrode 120 and the arc generated by the external electrode 130 in the reaction space inside the main body 110. That is, the raw material gas rotates while spirally wrapping the arc, and at the same time, the arc is influenced by the flow of the raw material gas and is deformed into a spiral shape so that the contact area between the raw material gas and the arc is maximized, thereby maximizing the heat transfer of the arc. Therefore, it is possible to effectively transmit the heat required for the reforming of the raw material gas to generate the synthesis gas. For example, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and methane are introduced into the main body 110 by the gas injecting unit 160 to cause a chemical reaction by the reaction space inside the main body 110, And carbon monoxide.

In the course of the chemical reaction of the raw material gas for producing the synthesis gas, for example, water or carbon particles may be generated and included in the synthesis gas. Accordingly, the plasma gas flowing out of the ceramic nozzle 140 may include a post-treatment process described later to remove the moisture or carbon particles.

5 is a perspective view showing an actual state of an arc plasma apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a flow inside the body. 5 (a) shows a shape in which a synthesis gas, which has undergone the reforming reaction, flows out of the ceramic nozzle 140 in the main body 110.

5 (b) shows the distribution of the flow in which the raw material gas introduced into the main body 110 rotates while spirally wrapping the arc, and at the same time, the arc is affected by the flow in the raw material gas and is deformed spirally.

As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the reaction space inside the main body 110 includes a reaction space having a constant radius and a reaction space in which the radius gradually decreases. The reaction space with a constant radius can provide a sufficient reaction time because the flow rate is relatively slower than the reaction space in which the radius is reduced. Further, in the ceramic nozzle portion, the inner radius of the gas outlet is reduced, and the gas pressure is increased, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas. That is, effective mixing of the gas and the arc in the outlet region and turbulence in accordance with the high gas flow rate are formed, thereby maximizing the heat transfer and increasing the gas reforming efficiency.

Further, by maintaining the arc length continuously, the high temperature region of the arc can be kept relatively wide and stable.

Accordingly, the arc plasma apparatus 100 forms a relatively uniform temperature region inside the apparatus by effective mixing with the arc by the flow of the rotating gas between the two electrodes, and has the effect of maintaining the arc of a continuous form have.

6 is a schematic diagram of a system including an arc plasma apparatus for a biogas reforming reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The system includes an arc plasma apparatus 100, a source gas supply unit 200, a power supply unit 300, and a post-processing unit 400.

The raw material gas supply part 200 includes a raw material gas supplied to the gas injection part. The source gas supply unit is connected to the gas injection unit 160 of the arc plasma apparatus 100 to supply the source gas to the reaction space inside the main body 110. The raw material gas may be, for example, methane (CH 4), carbon dioxide (CO 2), more materials formed to include oxygen (O 2) nitrogen (N 2) to include, and a carrier gas. Of course, it is not limited thereto.

The source gas supply unit 200 may include a plurality of mass flow controllers (MFCs) 210 and valves 220 as means for supplying the source gas to the reaction space inside the main body 110 at a proper flow rate. have.

The flow controller 210 can control the flow rate of the raw material gas supplied to the main body 110 through the gas injection unit 160. Control of the flow rate may be necessary to match the feed gas to the respective mixing ratios. Therefore, the flow controller can be formed by the number of the raw material gas.

The flow controller 210 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include, for example, a nitrogen flow controller 211, a carbon dioxide flow controller 212, an oxygen flow controller 213, and a methane flow controller 214 .

It may be necessary to adjust the flow rate appropriately when operating the arc plasma apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. If the flow rate of the raw material gas injected into the reaction space inside the main body 110 is insufficient, the arc rotation due to the rotation of the raw material gas may be reduced. Therefore, the rotational effect is reduced, and the raw material gas decomposition efficiency becomes smaller than when the rotational effect is generated. In addition, when the flow rate of the source gas to be injected is increased, the time required for the source gas to stay in the reaction space inside the main body 110 is reduced, and the reaction of the source gas and the arc may not be sufficiently performed. Therefore, there is a problem that the decomposition rate and decomposition efficiency are decreased. Therefore, when operating the present arc plasma apparatus 100, it is necessary to adjust the flow rate of the raw material gas to at least one apparatus including the flow controller.

The valve 220 controls the flow of the raw material gas in the process of mixing the respective raw material gases discharged from the carbon dioxide flow controller 212, the oxygen flow controller 213 and the methane flow controller 214 into the arc plasma apparatus 100, Can be prevented from flowing backward. Therefore, the fluid advances only in a certain direction and can act as a safety device. The valve may comprise a one-way valve, a check valve.

The raw gas mixed with carbon dioxide, oxygen and methane passing through the valve 220 is mixed with the nitrogen supplied from the nitrogen flow controller 211 and then flows into the arc plasma apparatus 100 through the gas injecting unit 160 .

The power supply unit 300 may be formed at the lower end of the body 110 and connected to the internal electrode 120. An arc can be generated between the internal electrode 120 and the external electrode 130 by supplying power to the internal electrode 120 by the apparatus. The arc is discharged stably at a relatively high voltage-low current condition, and various plasma body 110 configurations such as an AC power supply and a DC power supply can be used depending on the application. Although the plasma arc according to the embodiment of the present invention is operated at a high voltage-low current condition, it can be operated at a low voltage-high current condition depending on the application, and when the plasma arc is operated under a low voltage-high current condition, .

The synthesis gas discharged from the arc plasma apparatus 100 after the raw material gas is reformed

Processing unit 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the course of the chemical reaction of the raw material gas for producing the synthesis gas, for example, water or carbon particles may be generated and included in the synthesis gas. Accordingly, the plasma gas flowing out of the ceramic nozzle 140 can be introduced into the post-treatment unit 400 to remove the moisture or carbon particles. That is, the post-processing unit 400 can remove, for example, water-containing substances other than the syngas contained in the syngas discharged from the arc plasma apparatus 100.

The post-processing unit 400 includes a water removing unit 410, a filter unit 420, and a component analysis unit 430.

The water removing unit 410 removes water contained in the syngas. For example, the synthesis gas can be passed through the cold trap 411 and the calcium chloride 412 to remove moisture. The synthetic gas from which moisture has been removed by the water removing unit 410 flows into the filter unit 420 to remove carbon particles that may be generated in the course of modifying the raw material gas methane. The synthesis gas from which the carbon particles have been removed is introduced into the component analysis unit 430 and is supplied to the component analysis unit 430 through a gas analysis apparatus such as methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, Analyze the concentration of the material forming the synthesis gas. The gas analyzer formed in the component analyzer 430 may include, for example, a gas chromatograph (Agilent 6890), a gas analyzer (KG6050, Delta 1600s). After the analysis of the material constituting the syngas is completed, it is finally discharged to the outside of the system including the arc plasma apparatus 100.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of examples.

However, the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

<Example 1> Measurement of syngas concentration according to reaction conditions

The concentration of syngas according to the reaction conditions was measured using the arc plasma apparatus system shown in FIG.

(1) arc plasma system

The internal electrode forming the arc plasma apparatus was a cylindrical type having a diameter of 12 mm and a length of 30 mm, and stainless steel (SS304) was used as the material. The external electrode has an inner diameter of 20 mm and a length of 36 mm, and the distance between the two electrodes is 8 mm. The inner diameter of the upper end of the ceramic nozzle is 6 mm.

Reaction gas injected into the body was injected using four gas injection parts formed at a tangential angle of 90 degrees. The flow rate of the reaction gas to be injected was 20 SLPM (standard liters per minute), and a flow controller (MFC) was used for the injection at the above flow rate.

The power supply used to supply power to the internal electrodes was fixed at a frequency of 40 KHz, On time 5 ?, an average input voltage of 6.6 kV, an average input current of 0.06 mA, and an input power of 370 W.

The components of the syngas which were modified by the arc plasma apparatus were analyzed by chromatography (Agilent 6890), gas analyzer (KG6050, Delta 1600s), and the decomposition rate and decomposition efficiency Respectively.

(2) Verification of plasma stability

As shown in mode 2 of FIG. 7, a stable change of voltage and current can be confirmed under the fixed condition. The horizontal axis includes time (ms), and the vertical axis contains voltage and current. The waveforms of the graphs show that the voltage and current magnitudes over time do not change and are constant. Therefore, the above-described operating conditions can enable stable plasma operation.

Mode 1 was operated under conditions different from the above driving conditions, and it can be confirmed from the graph waveform that the magnitude of voltage and current over time is irregular. As shown in Mode 1 to Mode 2, it can be seen that the waveform of voltage and current in Mode 2 is more constant than Mode 1. That is, it can be confirmed that the condition of the mode 2 is that the plasma is stable.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1 Conversion rate and efficiency of synthesis gas produced in an arc plasma apparatus

(1) Syngas concentration measurement by reaction conditions

The following experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of the flow rate of the raw material gas injected from the arc plasma apparatus on the synthesis gas production ratio according to the present invention.

Methane and carbon dioxide, which are components of the raw material gas, are injected into the main body 110 through the gas injection unit 140 by controlling the flow rate with a mass flow controller (MFC). At this time, the flow ratio of methane to carbon dioxide was fixed at 3: 2. The detailed operating conditions are shown in Table 1.

<Table 1>

Figure 112015046232366-pat00001

The components of the syngas produced in the arc plasma apparatus were analyzed using the post-treatment unit 400 through a total of eight experiments by varying the flow rates of oxygen and nitrogen under the operating conditions shown in Table 1 above. The detailed analysis results are shown in Table 2.

<Table 2>

Figure 112015046232366-pat00002

As shown in Table 2, when the flow rates of methane, carbon dioxide, and air were 3, 2, and 10, synthesis gas was produced at a high rate of 76.8%. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the flow rate ratio is the optimum reaction condition.

(2) Conversion rate and energy efficiency calculation

Conversion rates and energy efficiencies of the syngas produced in the arc plasma apparatus were calculated from the data obtained under optimum reaction conditions as shown in Table 2 using the equation. The efficiency of the present invention can be verified by using the calculated efficiency.

The formula for calculating the methane conversion rate (Equation 1), the carbon dioxide conversion rate (Equation 2), and the energy efficiency (Equation 3) for the optimum reaction condition are as follows.

&Quot; (1) &quot;

Figure 112015046232366-pat00003

Equation 1 shows the conversion of methane (

Figure 112015046232366-pat00004
). &Lt; / RTI &gt;
Figure 112015046232366-pat00005
Means the flow rate at which methane is injected.
Figure 112015046232366-pat00006
Means the concentration of methane gas in syngas.
Figure 112015046232366-pat00007
Means the total flow rate of the synthesis gas after the reforming reaction, and this value is the flow rate of nitrogen as the internal standard gas
Figure 112015046232366-pat00008
) Was adjusted to the concentration of nitrogen (
Figure 112015046232366-pat00009
).

(

Figure 112015046232366-pat00010
) remind
Figure 112015046232366-pat00011
The final expression of the equation (1) is calculated.

&Quot; (2) &quot;

Figure 112015046232366-pat00012

Equation 2 shows the carbon dioxide conversion rate

Figure 112015046232366-pat00013
). &Lt; / RTI &gt; Methane conversion rate,
Figure 112015046232366-pat00014
Means the concentration of carbon dioxide in the syngas,
Figure 112015046232366-pat00015
Means the flow rate at which carbon dioxide is injected.

&Quot; (3) &quot;

Figure 112015046232366-pat00016

Equation (3) is an expression for efficiency of the synthesis gas produced after the reforming reaction. here,

Figure 112015046232366-pat00017
Represents the plasma input power value, and LHV represents the heat amount (MJ / Kg) which does not include the latent heat of water vapor generated when the fuel is burned with the low calorific value. The LHV values for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are shown in Table 3.

<Table 3>

Figure 112015046232366-pat00018

The conversion rates and energy efficiencies of methane and carbon dioxide can be calculated by substituting the data shown in Table 3 and the data obtained under the optimal reaction conditions according to the embodiment of the present invention into the above Equations 1, 2, The detailed results are shown in Table 4.

<Table 4>

Figure 112015046232366-pat00019

Table 5 shows the conversion rate according to the discharge type, the amount of energy required to produce 1 mole of syngas (EC CO + H2 ), and the energy efficiency (C CO + H2 ). The efficiency of the present invention can be confirmed by comparison with Table 4 which is data according to the embodiment of the present invention.

<Table 5>

Figure 112015046232366-pat00020

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation in the embodiment in which said invention is directed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

110:
120: internal electrode
130: external electrode
140: Ceramic nozzle
150:
160: gas injection part

Claims (8)

main body;
An inner electrode formed inside the body in a cylindrical shape;
A ceramic core formed at the center of an upper surface of the internal electrode;
An external electrode formed at a predetermined distance from the internal electrode and having a cylindrical shape with at least a portion of the upper portion being smaller in radius;
A ceramic nozzle formed on the top of the external electrode;
An insulating portion electrically insulating the inner electrode and the outer electrode; And
A gas injection unit formed on a side surface of the body and injecting a source gas into a reaction space formed by the internal electrode and the external electrode;
.
The method according to claim 1,
And a power supply unit for supplying power to the internal electrode.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the gas injecting portion includes at least two gas injection portions formed on a side lower portion of the main body.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the at least two gas injection units are tangentially connected to the external electrode so as to inject the raw material gas into the body in a tangential direction.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the at least two gas injection units are spaced apart by an equal distance.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the source gas injected through the two or more gas injection units spirally envelops an arc plasma formed between the internal electrode and the external electrode and is ejected through the ceramic nozzle.
[2] The apparatus according to claim 1,
A ceramic insulator formed under the internal electrode,
A grafting ring formed on a side surface of the ceramic insulator to prevent leakage of the raw material gas,
And a grapheme ferrule that is a heat resistant conduit formed at the bottom of the ceramic insulator.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR20200095906A (en) 2019-02-01 2020-08-11 국방과학연구소 Plasma generating device and coating device using plasma jet
KR102227464B1 (en) * 2020-08-03 2021-03-12 한국핵융합에너지연구원 Method and Apparatus for Controlling NOx and Method for Preparing NOx-Containing Water
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