KR101566796B1 - Electrical stimulation device - Google Patents

Electrical stimulation device Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101566796B1
KR101566796B1 KR1020150089204A KR20150089204A KR101566796B1 KR 101566796 B1 KR101566796 B1 KR 101566796B1 KR 1020150089204 A KR1020150089204 A KR 1020150089204A KR 20150089204 A KR20150089204 A KR 20150089204A KR 101566796 B1 KR101566796 B1 KR 101566796B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrode module
module
measuring
user
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KR1020150089204A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이기원
고천주
장종민
김병직
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(주)와이브레인
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
    • A61N1/36025—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treating a mental or cerebral condition
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0456—Specially adapted for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • Psychology (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical stimulation device is provided. An electric stimulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one electrode module contacting a scalp of a user and a pH measuring unit connected to the at least one electrode module and measuring a pH index of the at least one electrode module Wherein the at least one electrode module comprises first and second electrodes for measuring the pH index, the first and second electrodes being made of different materials.

Description

[0001] ELECTRICAL STIMULATION DEVICE [0002]

The present invention relates to a medical device, and more particularly to an electrical stimulation device.

Brain electrical stimulation using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to be effective in improving cognitive ability and treating mental disorders such as depression and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder).

Thus, if brain electrical stimulation technology is available in everyday life, brain function can be improved, and continuous mental illness treatment may be possible by activating or inhibiting neural connections.

Published Japanese Patent Application No. 10-1993-0015154, July 23, 1993

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric stimulation device capable of monitoring a pH change of an electric stimulation module in real time.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems which are not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric stimulation apparatus including at least one electrode module contacting a scalp of a user, and a pH sensor connected to the at least one electrode module, The at least one electrode module includes first and second electrodes for measuring the pH index, and the first and second electrodes are made of different materials.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises: at least one electrode module coupled to the at least one electrode module, the at least one electrode module providing electrical current to the at least one electrode module, And a current supply unit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one electrode module includes a patch layer in contact with the scalp of the user, and the first and second electrodes may be formed inside the patch layer.

In addition, the patch layer may include two or more stacked layers, and the first and second electrodes may be interposed between the two or more stacked layers.

The at least one electrode module may further include an electrode layer formed on the patch layer and transmitting an electric current provided from the current supply to the patch layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first electrode may be composed of at least one of Ag and AgCl.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second electrode may be composed of at least one of PtO2, IrOx, RuO2, OsO2, Ta2O5, RhO2, TiO2, and SnO2.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one electrode module may comprise an electrode array comprising one of the first electrode and the plurality of the second electrodes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pH measuring unit may measure the OCP (Open Circuit Potential) of the first and second electrodes and measure the pH index using the measured OCP.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric stimulation apparatus including at least one electrode module contacting a scalp of a user, and a pH sensor connected to the at least one electrode module, Wherein the at least one electrode module includes a reference electrode and a measurement electrode for measuring the pH index and the reference electrode and the measurement electrode have different pH sensitivities have.

According to the electric stimulation apparatus of the present invention, the pH index of the electric stimulation module can be monitored in real time by using first and second electrodes made of different materials.

In addition, according to the electric stimulation apparatus of the present invention, since the pH index of the electric stimulation module can be monitored in real time, it is possible to prevent the user from burning or damaging the scalp due to the pH change of the electric stimulation module.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1 is a view schematically showing a configuration of an electric stimulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 and 3 are views schematically showing the detailed structure of the electrode module of FIG.
Fig. 4 is a view schematically showing a detailed configuration of the main body module of Fig. 1. Fig.
5 is a view schematically showing an example of use of the electric stimulation apparatus of FIG.
6 is a view schematically showing the operation of the electrode module of the electric stimulation apparatus of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and the manner of achieving them, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be modified in various ways. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used in a sense commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition, commonly used predefined terms are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless explicitly defined otherwise.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. &Quot; comprises "and / or" comprising ", as used herein, does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements in addition to the stated element.

The term " electrical stimulation " referred to hereinafter includes transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial random-noise stimulation ), And the like, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

1 is a view schematically showing a configuration of an electric stimulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, an electric stimulation apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 110, a plurality of electrode modules 120 disposed on the substrate 110, and a main body module 130.

The substrate 110 may be a printed circuit board (PCB). On the substrate 110, circuit wiring for the electrode module 120 and the body module 130 may be formed on the surface or inside thereof. According to an embodiment, the substrate 110 may be configured to be flexible.

The electrode module 120 contacts the user's scalp and applies electrical stimulation to the user's head. When the user attaches the electric stimulation apparatus 100 to the head or wears it on the head as described later, the electrode module 120 is brought into contact with the user's scalp. The electrode module 120 may be disposed in the forehead of the user, specifically, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex area (or the corresponding area on the scalp), but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The main body module 130 may control the plurality of electrode modules 120 to operate. The body module 130 provides current to the electrode module 120 so that the electrode module 120 can apply an electric stimulus to the user. The body module 130 may be fixedly coupled to the substrate 110 or may be detachably coupled to the substrate 110.

On the other hand, the overall shape of the electric stimulation apparatus 100 is not limited to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, at least a portion of the electrode module 120 may not be disposed on the substrate 110. The wiring connecting the electrode module 120 and the main body module 130 may be formed in a serpentine shape so that the distance of the plurality of electrode modules 120 can be adjusted.

2 and 3 are views schematically showing the detailed structure of the electrode module of FIG.

2 and 3, the electrode module 120 includes an electrode layer 121, a patch layer 122, and an electrode 123 for pH measurement.

The electrode layer 121 does not contact the scalp of the user. The electrode layer 121 may be formed on the patch layer 122. The electrode layer 121 transmits the current provided from the main body module 130 to the patch layer 122 and allows the user to apply electrical stimulation through the patch layer 122. For example, the electrode layer 121 may be formed of a conductive carbon sheet or conductive silicon, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The patch layer 122 is a layer that directly contacts the scalp of the user. The patch layer 122 may comprise a single layer or two or more stacked layers. The patch layer 122 applies electrical stimulation to the user's head using the current delivered from the electrode layer 122. To this end, the patch layer 122 may comprise an electrolyte for delivering current. For example, the patch layer 122 may be composed of a sponge or a hydrogel containing an electrolyte, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The electrolyte may contain chloride ions (Cl < - >) common to the skin of the user. The patch layer 122 may be formed of a material having a relatively high impedance.

One electrode module 120 of the plurality of electrode modules 120 functions as an anode and the other electrode module 120 (not shown) functions as an anode when the electric stimulation apparatus 100 is used May function as a cathode. An oxidation reduction reaction (water decomposition reaction) may occur on the interface between the electrode layer 121 and the patch layer 122 when a current is transmitted from the electrode layer 121 to the patch layer 122. The patch layer 122 may further include water (used as a solvent) in addition to the electrolyte. The water in the patch layer 122 reacts with electrons provided from the electrode layer 121 to form hydroxide ions (OH-) and hydrogen Can be decomposed into molecules (in the case of cathodes). Alternatively, water in the patch layer 122 may lose electrons and decompose into hydrogen ions (H +) and oxygen molecules (in the case of the anode). Accordingly, in the case of the cathode electrode module 120, the pH index of the patch layer 122 can be gradually increased by the hydroxide ion. Similarly, in the case of the anode electrode module 120, The pH index of the liquid 122 can be gradually lowered. And, if the change of the pH index of the patch layer 122 is out of the critical range due to continuous use of the electric stimulation apparatus 100, the user may suffer image or damage to the scalp in contact with the patch layer 122.

To solve this problem, the electrode module 120 of the electric stimulation apparatus 100 of the present invention employs an electrode 123 for measuring the pH index in real time. The pH measuring electrode 123 may be formed inside the patch layer 122. When the patch layer 122 is composed of two or more stacked layers, the electrode 123 for pH measurement may be interposed between the two or more stacked layers. According to the embodiment, the electrode 123 for pH measurement is provided in one of the electrode modules 120, but the electrode 123 for pH measurement may not be provided in the other electrode module 120.

The electrode 123 for pH measurement may be classified into a plurality of types according to the application. The first electrode 123a functions as a reference electrode, and the second electrode 123b functions as a measurement electrode. Depending on the electrical characteristics, the first electrode 123a may be made of a material having a relatively low sensitivity and the second electrode 123b may be made of a material having a relatively high pH sensitivity. For example, the first electrode 123a may be formed of a material such as Ag or AgCl, which is mainly used as a reference electrode. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a stable electrode potential ≪ / RTI > The second electrode 123b may be formed of a material such as PtO2, IrOx, RuO2, OsO2, Ta2O5, RhO2, TiO2, and SnO2. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Electrodes 123a and 123b can be formed by electroplating such materials. The first electrode 123a and the second electrode 123b are provided in any one of the electrode modules 120 and the first electrode 123a is provided in the other electrode module 120 according to the embodiment And only the second electrode 123b may be provided.

The plurality of electrodes 123 for pH measurement can constitute an electrode array. As shown in FIG. 4, sixteen pH measuring electrodes 123 for each electrode module 120 can form an array of 4 * 4, but the present invention is not limited to this, And any type of arrangement is possible. The first electrode 123a functioning as the reference electrode may be present only in the electrode array. The plurality of electrodes 123 for pH measurement may be disposed apart from each other in the electrode array. Considering the electrical characteristics, the first electrode 123a may be disposed at the outer edge of the electrode array. The plurality of pH measuring electrodes 123 may be connected to the body module 130, respectively. Each electrode 123 for pH measurement may be given an index for distinguishing it from the other electrodes 123. [ Such an electrode arrangement enables pH measurement even for a curved structure such as a human body (e.g. scalp). In addition, such an electrode array can provide high space-time resolution in pH measurement.

Fig. 4 is a view schematically showing a detailed configuration of the main body module of Fig. 1. Fig.

4, the main body module 130 includes a current providing unit 131, a pH measuring unit 132, a storage unit 133, an interface unit 134, and a control unit 135.

The current providing unit 131 is connected to the electrode module 120 and provides an electric current for electric stimulation to the electrode module 120. The current providing unit 131 may include a voltage source for providing a current for electrical stimulation, a voltage booster circuit, and a constant current circuit (e.g., a current regulator diode (CRD)).

The pH measuring unit 132 is connected to the electrode module 120 and measures the OCP (Open Circuit Potential) of the pH measuring electrode 123 of the electrode module 120. FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a change in OCP according to a change in pH index. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the OCP and the pH index have a correlation with each other. Therefore, the pH measuring unit 132 can measure the pH index of the position of each of the electrodes 123 using the OCP of each electrode 123.

The pH measuring unit 132 compares the OCP measured by the first electrode 123a functioning as a reference electrode with the OCP measured by each second electrode 123b to measure the pH index for more accurate measurement . The pH measuring unit 132 may record and calibrate the OCP difference at the initial state (before use) as a reference value. Such a calibration may be performed for each of the plurality of second electrodes 123b. The pH measuring unit 132 can measure the pH index according to the difference from the reference value.

The pH measuring unit 132 may perform the pH exponential measurement according to a predetermined period (for example, one electrode every second). The pH measuring unit 132 may sequentially perform the pH index measurement of one electrode 123 or may simultaneously perform the pH index measurement of the electrode 123.

 The storage unit 133 may store instructions and programs for operation of the electric stimulation apparatus 100, protocol data and algorithms for electric stimulation, or various other information. The storage unit 133 may include a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an EEPROM (Electrically EPROM)

The interface unit 134 interfaces with the user. The interface unit 134 receives various kinds of information from the user and can output various kinds of information to the user. For this, the interface unit 134 may include input means such as a keypad, a button, a switch, a touch pad, and a jog wheel. When the touch pad has a mutual layer structure with a display module described later, a touch screen can be constituted. The interface unit 134 may include output means such as a display module, a speaker module, and a haptic module. The display module may be a PDP (Plasma Display Panel), a LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a TFT LCD (Thin Film Transistor LCD), an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), a flexible display, a 3D display And an ink display (e-ink display).

The control unit 135 collectively controls the operation of the electric stimulation apparatus 100. For example, the control unit 135 may include a processor, a microprocessor, a micro controller, a central processing unit (CPU), a micro processing unit (MPU), a micro control unit . The control unit 135 may be provided with firmware for performing a control operation.

The control unit 135 changes the operation of the electric stimulation apparatus 100 according to the result of the pH index monitoring (for example, the intensity of electric current for electric stimulation) or notifies the user of relevant information (for example, , Warning using auditory, tactile, etc.).

Although not explicitly shown, the main body module 130 may further include a power supply unit. The power supply unit may include a battery to supply power to operate the current providing unit 131, the pH measuring unit 132, the storage unit 133, the interface unit 134, and the control unit 135.

1 to 4 are not essential components of the electric stimulation apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, so that the electric stimulation apparatus 100 has more components (for example, Various sensors such as a wired / wireless communication unit, a geomagnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, and the like), or an apparatus including fewer components.

FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing an example of use of the electric stimulation device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing the operation of the electrode module of the electric stimulation device of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 5, a user (object) may attach the electric stimulation apparatus 100 to the head. 5, the user may wear the electric stimulation apparatus 100 on the head. As the user attaches the electric stimulation device 100 to the head, the plurality of electrode modules 120 can contact the user's scalp.

Referring to FIG. 6, the electric stimulation apparatus 100 can apply electrical stimulation to a plurality of regions (positions or portions) of a user's scalp using a plurality of electrode modules 120. The electrode module 120a serving as an anode provides current to the scalp and the electrode module 120b serving as a cathode receives current from the scalp. At the same time, the OCP measurement of each pH measurement electrode 123a, 123b is performed for measuring the pH index. According to the embodiment, the plurality of electrode modules 120 can be controlled to operate independently of each other.

Although an apparatus 100 for applying electrical stimulation to a scalp of a user has been described herein as an example, the technical features of the present invention are substantially the same as those of other types of devices for applying electrical stimulation to other body parts of a user other than the head It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced in many other ways.

The methods described in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented with software modules executed by a processor. The software modules may be stored in any form of computer-readable media known in the art such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, hard disk, removable disk, CD- Lt; / RTI >

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

100: Electric stimulator
110: substrate
120: electrode module
121: electrode layer
122: patch layer
123: Electrode for measuring pH index
130: Body module
131: Current supply
132: pH measuring unit
133:
134:
135:

Claims (10)

At least one electrode module contacting the scalp of the user; And
And a pH measuring unit connected to the at least one electrode module and measuring a pH index of the at least one electrode module,
Wherein the at least one electrode module comprises first and second electrodes for measuring the pH index,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are made of different materials,
Wherein the at least one electrode module includes a patch layer in contact with the scalp of the user,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are formed inside the patch layer. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a current providing portion coupled to the at least one electrode module and providing current to the at least one electrode module such that the at least one electrode module can apply an electrical stimulus to the user. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the patch layer comprises two or more stacked layers,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are interposed between the two or more stacked layers. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the at least one electrode module further comprises an electrode layer formed on the patch layer and delivering a current provided from the current supply to the patch layer. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first electrode is composed of at least one of Ag and AgCl. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second electrode is made of at least one of PtO2, IrOx, RuO2, OsO2, Ta2O5, RhO2, TiO2, and SnO2. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the at least one electrode module comprises an electrode array comprising one of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pH measuring unit measures an OCP (Open Circuit Potential) of the first and second electrodes and measures the pH index using the measured OCP. At least one electrode module contacting the scalp of the user; And
And a pH measuring unit connected to the at least one electrode module and measuring a pH index of the at least one electrode module,
Wherein the at least one electrode module includes a reference electrode and a measurement electrode for measuring the pH index,
Wherein the reference electrode and the measuring electrode have different pH sensitivities,
Wherein the at least one electrode module includes a patch layer in contact with the scalp of the user,
Wherein the reference electrode and the measuring electrode are formed inside the patch layer.
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018226003A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 (의) 삼성의료재단 Ph measuring device and ph monitoring system including same
EP3533488A4 (en) * 2016-10-31 2019-11-27 Y-Brain Inc Current monitoring apparatus and electrical stimulation apparatus comprising same

Citations (1)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3533488A4 (en) * 2016-10-31 2019-11-27 Y-Brain Inc Current monitoring apparatus and electrical stimulation apparatus comprising same
US11305116B2 (en) 2016-10-31 2022-04-19 Y-Brain Inc. Current monitoring apparatus and electrical stimulation apparatus comprising same
WO2018226003A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 (의) 삼성의료재단 Ph measuring device and ph monitoring system including same
KR20180133731A (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-17 (의) 삼성의료재단 PH measuring apparatus and PH monitoring system comprising the same
KR101994935B1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2019-07-01 (의)삼성의료재단 PH measuring apparatus and PH monitoring system comprising the same
US11647943B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2023-05-16 Samsung Medical Center PH measuring device and pH monitoring system including same

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