KR101565481B1 - Multipoint snow depth measurement apparatus - Google Patents
Multipoint snow depth measurement apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- KR101565481B1 KR101565481B1 KR1020140031431A KR20140031431A KR101565481B1 KR 101565481 B1 KR101565481 B1 KR 101565481B1 KR 1020140031431 A KR1020140031431 A KR 1020140031431A KR 20140031431 A KR20140031431 A KR 20140031431A KR 101565481 B1 KR101565481 B1 KR 101565481B1
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- laser
- step motor
- laser distance
- snowfall
- measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A snowfall amount measuring method and a snowfall amount measuring apparatus using a single laser distance meter are provided. A snowfall measuring apparatus according to the present invention comprises a step motor including a rotating shaft, a laser distance measuring instrument tilted at a predetermined angle to a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the stepping motor, And controlling the laser range finder to measure distances at a plurality of target points. According to the present invention, since the laser distance measuring instrument is slightly attached to the axis of the step motor and rotates, it becomes possible to measure the amount of snow on a plurality of points scattered along a circle on the eye surface.
Description
The present invention relates to a snowfall measuring apparatus, and more particularly, to a device for measuring the depth of snow (snowfall) accumulated on the ground more practically and reliably.
With the development of the Internet and communication networks, meteorological data measurement has become more automated by using computers, communication equipment, and sensors.
The measurement of snowfall is one of the areas of high interest in automated measurement due to the importance and necessity of automation, especially when the location of the target location is remote from the weather center or residential area.
Because of this, many manufacturers have developed snowfall measurement equipment based on a variety of technologies, including laser distance meters, ultrasonic measurements, visual signal (image signal) processing, and mechanical measurement methods.
Snowfall measurement equipment based on currently available or proposed laser distance measurement techniques use one or two lasers and associated receivers (eg, Korean Patent No. 348574). Because of this, complaints are raised regarding inconsistent measurement results and vulnerabilities to various environments in actual measurement sites. For example, if the target point of the laser transmitter is obscured or obstructed by foreign matter such as leaves, dust, or snowflakes flying, the measurement result will not represent the desired information about the snowfall at that point. Also, if only one or two points are measured at an area of 1 meter x 1 meter, the measured value can not represent the total area.
Models based on ultrasound signals are widely used, but these models have weaknesses in terms of measurement accuracy due to the nature of the ultrasound signal itself and variations due to temperature variations.
Some models based on image processing use various signal / image processing techniques to recognize the position of the point representing the depth of the eye. One of the problems with these models is caused by unclear or fuzzy images due to snow or ice formed at a target point, such as a scaled rod, and a large number of light sources in a straight line. Another problem is that when it gets too dark, it needs to be properly illuminated. (E.g. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0219868)
Methods based on mechanical measurements have potential problems of mechanical malfunction due to cold weather, strong winds, and the formation of ice. In addition, there is a possibility that the measurement result may vary significantly depending on the type of eye. For example, if the eyes are soft, the eye-contacting mechanism may press the eyes and affect the measurement data.
US Patent No. 6,044,699), or a method of measuring a wide area using a GPS signal (e.g., U.S. Patent No. 5,761,095) by measuring the amount of snow by substituting water with a container Although there are several studies on these, these methods relate to applications different from those to which the solution provided by the present invention is applied.
In order to solve these problems while maintaining the required accuracy and consistency, a laser distance meter based on a structure having a plurality of laser emitters and receivers may be tried. As would be expected, this method will be more expensive, especially when it is necessary to measure many points to meet the requirements for real-life applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a snowfall measuring apparatus which uses a single laser distance measuring instrument and is less influenced by the surrounding environment and has high reliability of measurement results.
The present invention proposes an apparatus for solving conventional problems by allowing a multi-point measurement of snowfall using a single laser distance meter combined with a stepper motor. The laser range finder is tilted at a certain angle to the stepper motor so that the laser signal emitted from the laser range finder at different points of view (or at different angles of rotation) points to different points on the surface of the eye or on the circle Respectively. This method makes it possible to measure snowfall on a number of points scattered along a circle on the eye surface. The size of the circle (ellipse) may vary depending on the distance between the laser distance meter and the eye surface, and the angle between the direction pointed by the laser distance meter and the axis of the stepper motor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a stopper mechanism is used to prevent cutting or breaking of a cable connecting the controller unit and a rotating laser distance measuring instrument.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a position control mechanism based on an infrared or visible light emitting element and a phototransistor is used.
The present invention also provides a method of calibrating a device of the present invention. A box or jig is used to lift the target area by a predetermined height so as to be able to calculate the angle of arrival at each point of the circle on the ground or eye surface in the calibration procedure.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the proposed method calculates the average depth of the area defined by this circle. By filtering and further processing the acquired measurement data along the path, the abnormal measurement is discarded and the average is calculated with only meaningful measurement data to yield the final result.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transmission and reception of data and transmission of power between the control section and the laser range finder are performed wirelessly.
According to the present invention, since the laser range finder for emitting the laser beam is slightly inclined to the axis of the step motor, it becomes possible to measure the amount of snow on a plurality of points scattered along a circle on the eye surface. It is also possible to detect the erroneous measurement data over time and isolate the affected point (s) until the erroneous operation is repaired. Also, because a larger number of samples can be obtained for a circle (ellipse) shape on the eye surface, the average snowfall measured may be closer to the actual snowfall value as compared to other methods based on one or less samples. Further, in the present invention, the position of the measurement point can be easily changed if a point showing an abnormal result is found. According to the present invention, it is possible to change the measurement sensitivity. Further, according to the present invention, only a low-cost device including one laser distance meter and a step motor is used, so that it can be made in a relatively small housing with high cost efficiency and lower complexity.
1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a snowfall measuring apparatus of the present invention.
2 is an explanatory view for explaining a laser beam sending operation of the snowfall measuring apparatus of the present invention.
3 is a view for explaining the principle of measurement of snowfall amount of the snowfall amount measuring apparatus of the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining an operation of the snowfall measuring apparatus of the present invention for measuring snowfall along a circle on the snow surface.
5 is an example of a measurement data graph having a projection value and a depression value.
6 is a view for explaining a method of performing the calibration of the present invention using a tool having a height Lref for a measurement performed at a given time t.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a calibration process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view showing a multi-point snowfall measuring apparatus housed in a protective housing.
Fig. 9 shows a stopper mechanism for preventing the cable connecting the laser range finder and the step motor from being disconnected.
Fig. 10 shows the mechanism of the stopper viewed from another point of view.
Figure 11 shows an optical sensor scheme for the repositioning method of the present invention.
12 is a flowchart for explaining the motor repositioning process.
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing how the reset algorithm uses the circular positions when the step motor rotates once. Fig.
14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment for wirelessly transmitting power and data between a control unit and a laser distance measuring instrument.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, the "depth" of the eye means the height of the eye from the surface of the earth, and the terms "circle "," circle & projections are used interchangeably to denote a circular pattern formed on the surface of the eye. When referring to a projected laser signal pointing to a specific point in the document or on the eye surface, it also includes a reflected signal that is reflected from the eye surface and returns to the laser range finder along a completely identical path, Is omitted.
The snowfall measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has three modules as follows: a laser
1, the
2 shows how the direction of the laser signal from the
3 shows a single laser beam projected at the
d (t) = ((Lg (t) - Ls (t)) x sin θ (t)
In order to measure the next point on the
The snow depth (snowfall) d ( t ) at each time t (rotation angle tφ) can be obtained as follows.
d ( t ) = ( Lg ( t ) - Ls ( t )) x sin ? ( t )
(from t = 0 to n-1, n = number of samples measured along a circle on the target surface area on the eye)
Time t = 0 t = n-1 ( in the rotation angle tφ = 0 degree (n-1) φ degrees) from the measured Lg (t) and, θ (t) values at each time point to the calibration process (calibration procedure, which will be described later.
When the measurement of one rotation is completed, the
The
The measurement system of the present invention should be calibrated through the following procedure before it is first installed in the field and measurement is performed. 6 is a diagram showing a calibration method of the present invention at a specific time t . For calibration, a
7 is a flow chart showing an exemplary calibration procedure. Let Lg ( t ) be the distance from the
t = after a reset to zero, that is, by rotation by a
Next, the same procedure is repeated (steps S75 and 76) by placing a
Lref / (Lg (t) corresponding to Lg (t) and Lr for after measuring the (t) from t = 0 to t = n-1 sin θ (t) at each time t - Lr (t) (Step S77). These calculated coefficients (sin θ ( t ) from t = 0 to t = n-1) are used to calculate the snowfall d ( t ) using the measured Ls ( t ). The larger the Lref (the closer the plane (21) is to the laser range finder), the smaller the error and the closer the coefficient value is to the actual value.
The above two steps can be carried out sequentially, but it is also possible to proceed separately at different points as needed.
8 shows a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention surrounded by a
Since the
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, a highly flexible cable is used as the connecting
If it works perfectly, it will be able to operate without damaging the cable and malfunctioning the system. However, there is an abnormal situation such as a system restart. Depending on the time at which the system is reset, the current position of the
In order to prevent this type of problem, in the present invention,
This stopper mechanism can be used to relocate the stepping
To achieve the intended accuracy and sensitivity in the present invention, the system of the present invention measures the distance to target points while rotating the laser range finder in one direction only (e.g., direction A in FIG. 10).
For more precise repositioning of the
In an embodiment of the present invention, a positioning mechanism based on an infrared or visible
Fig. 11 shows an embodiment of an optical sensing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention that allows a new measurement round to be initiated at exactly the same position. The infrared (or visible) light emitting
12 is a flow chart showing a preferred embodiment for implementing a position reset method for resetting (resetting) the stepper motor before starting a new measurement round. 13 is a diagram showing how a position reset algorithm uses positions following a single rotation of the
Assume that direction A is positive. And assumes a zero point when the stopper hits when rotating in the opposite direction. Each measurement round begins at a
The location reset process begins after completing one measurement round. Assuming that the
When the system is restarted or powered up, the
If the
However, the shape of the circle is not important in the present invention, and it may be a complete circle or an ellipse according to the place where the apparatus is installed and the angle at which the laser signal is projected.
In the above description, the embodiment in which the
An example of this is shown in Fig. 14, a
Data communication between the
By configuring the
The short-range wireless
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. That is, within the scope of the present invention, all of the components may be selectively coupled to one or more of them. In addition, although all of the components may be implemented as one independent hardware, some or all of the components may be selectively combined to perform a part or all of the functions in one or a plurality of hardware. As shown in FIG. The codes and code segments constituting the computer program may be easily deduced by those skilled in the art. Such a computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, readable and executed by a computer, thereby realizing an embodiment of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising", or "having" as used in the foregoing description mean that a component can be implanted unless specifically stated to the contrary, But should be construed as further including other elements.
The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
10 laser distance meter,
11 step motor,
12 control unit,
21 Jig,
22 Housing,
24 bracket.
Claims (15)
A laser distance meter that is tilted at a predetermined angle and connected to the plane of the step motor and rotated,
Photodetector,
A cover provided at a position where light can be detected or blocked by the photodetector when the laser distance meter reaches a specific position while rotating,
A controller for controlling the stepping motor to control the laser distance measuring unit while rotating the laser distance measuring unit to measure distances at a plurality of target positions and to detect the position of the laser distance measuring unit using the light sensor and the mark,
And a snow cover.
Wherein the controller measures the distance by controlling the laser distance meter, repeats the step of rotating the stepper motor by a predetermined rotation angle ϕ and then measuring the distance until the laser distance measurer substantially rotates once, And calculates a snowfall amount from the measured distance data.
Ls the measurement distance to the surface of the eye from the laser range finder at any measured time point t (t), the angular distance Lg (t), to see the laser beam and the ground surface to the surface from the laser rangefinder θ (t ), The snowfall amount d ( t ) at the measurement order t is
d (t) = ((Lg (t) - Ls (t)) x sin θ (t)
Of the snowfall amount measuring device.
The control unit calculates an average snowfall amount using only the remaining measured values by removing a value higher or lower than a predetermined rate,
Wherein the reference value is a final average value of a snowfall amount measured during at least one immediately preceding rotation.
The snowfall measuring device is housed in a protective housing for protecting the apparatus,
Wherein a hood is provided in front of the laser range finder of the protective housing.
The laser range finder is connected by a power supply and a high expansion cable,
Wherein the control unit rotates the step motor in one direction and reverses the direction before reaching the end of the 360 degree circle.
Further comprising a mechanical stopper for stopping the step motor from rotating beyond the limit.
Wherein the indicator is a light generator.
Further comprising a bracket positioned between the photodetector and the light generator and rotating together with the rotation of the stepping motor,
Characterized in that the bracket is provided with a hole which is formed in a position such that the direction of the optical signal emitted from the light generator is perfectly aligned with the hole when the stepper motor is in a predetermined position Measuring device.
Wherein said hole has an elongated shape.
The photodetector is a photo switch,
Wherein the mark is an object that is attached to the laser distance measuring device and blocks light between the light generator and the photodetector of the photo switch while passing through the photo switch when the light reaches a specific position while rotating.
The control unit rotates the step motor so as to be positioned at the scan start point after the immediately preceding measurement round, and then moves the step motor by one step to read the received infrared signal to determine the position of the maximum value, So as to reset the position of the step motor.
Wherein the control unit further moves the step motor so as to collide with the stopper immediately after the immediately preceding measurement round, and then rotates the step motor so as to be located at the scan start point.
The control unit includes a wireless power transmission unit for wirelessly transmitting power and a data wireless communication unit for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data, and the laser range finder includes a wireless power receiver for wirelessly receiving power, And a data wireless communication unit for transmitting and receiving data.
Priority Applications (2)
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KR1020140031431A KR101565481B1 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Multipoint snow depth measurement apparatus |
PCT/KR2014/012753 WO2015141935A1 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-12-23 | Digital snowfall measuring device |
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KR1020140031431A KR101565481B1 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Multipoint snow depth measurement apparatus |
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KR101565481B1 true KR101565481B1 (en) | 2015-11-13 |
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Cited By (1)
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KR102118484B1 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2020-06-03 | 선진테크 주식회사 | Multi-point, Multi-point Laser Snowfall Measuring Device and Its Driving Method |
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WO2017188476A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | 주식회사 웨더피아 | Device and method for measuring amount of snowfall |
KR101983286B1 (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-05-28 | 선진테크 주식회사 | Snowfall Measuring Apparatus and Drive Method of the Same |
KR102574710B1 (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-09-06 | 김동민 | Laser module assembly |
Citations (2)
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JP2002083379A (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-22 | Nittan Co Ltd | Confirmation method of monitoring region of flame sensor and device used therefor |
JP2003207580A (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-25 | Yokogawa Denshikiki Co Ltd | Laser type snow depth meter |
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KR20060093317A (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2006-08-24 | 선진테크 주식회사 | Optical snow-depth gauge |
KR101480767B1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2015-01-13 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Snow-depth Guage Using Laser Light Source |
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- 2014-03-18 KR KR1020140031431A patent/KR101565481B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-12-23 WO PCT/KR2014/012753 patent/WO2015141935A1/en active Application Filing
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2002083379A (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-22 | Nittan Co Ltd | Confirmation method of monitoring region of flame sensor and device used therefor |
JP2003207580A (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-25 | Yokogawa Denshikiki Co Ltd | Laser type snow depth meter |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR102118484B1 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2020-06-03 | 선진테크 주식회사 | Multi-point, Multi-point Laser Snowfall Measuring Device and Its Driving Method |
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