KR101493774B1

KR101493774B1 - Power Converter including Bidirectional Bypass Switching Circuit

Info

Publication number: KR101493774B1
Application number: KR20140066673A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 지옥조; 박은주
Original assignee: 주식회사 오키
Priority date: 2014-06-02
Filing date: 2014-06-02
Publication date: 2015-02-23
Also published as: WO2015186904A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power conversion apparatus that receives DC power from an inverter and converts the AC power into AC power and supplies AC power to a load when the external input power is in an abnormal state, The bypass switch 510 causes the transistor collector to switch between the two diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D2) cathodes and the emitter of the transistor is connected to each of the other two diodes D3 and D4 respectively so that if the phase of the external input is positive, The current passing through the diode D1 connected to the transistor D1 passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D4 connected between the transistor and the output side load, When the phase of the input is negative, the current passing through the diode D2 connected between the output side load and the transistor passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D3 between the transistor and the external input, The bypass switch is immediately cut off so that the AC power from the inverter can flow to the load without flowing back to the external power supply.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a power converter including a bidirectional bypass switching circuit,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bypass switch circuit of a power conversion apparatus, and more particularly to a bypass switch circuit technology of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus including an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus or a power conversion apparatus such as an automatic voltage regulator, A bypass switch circuit is constructed so that normal power is smoothly supplied to the load by using a normally output external power supply, a normal second external power supply, or a normal output of another spare power conversion apparatus prepared in advance as an input of the bypass switch, The present invention relates to a bypass switch circuit technology for preventing damage to an industrial electrical / electronic apparatus due to an abnormality such as breakage or malfunction of a bypass switch circuit.

The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply apparatus or an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus of an off-line type or a line interactive type, and more particularly to an off-line power supply apparatus or an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus will be.

Contrary to the past, the structure of modern industry is composed of high-tech, high-precision machinery and high-tech machinery. Precision technology, which is expressed as nanotechnology, is applied in various industries such as semiconductor integrated circuits, LCD panels, smelting, steelmaking and automobile industries, and all industries are being advanced. This causes various problems that did not occur in past industrial sites.

Commercial power, which is the power of the industry, is very reliable. However, in industrial sites where many kinds of industries are concentrated and large and small factories are mixed, alternating loads of various loads and frequent switching of large capacity loads, momentary voltage degradation due to non- Instantaneous power failure, etc. are frequently occurred, and it is a reality that the short circuit accident due to the induction lightning, the remote lightning, etc., and the low voltage and the power failure due to the instantaneous power capacity exceeding are becoming more frequent.

In the past, low-precision, low-integration industrial world represented by the chimney industry, instantaneous voltage drop, low voltage, momentary power failure, or power failure in a relatively short period of time within a few minutes could be tolerated. However, And PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). In the case of ultra-high-density equipment such as measurement equipment and communication equipment, there is a problem that the voltage is reduced for several tens of milliseconds, There is an increasing incidence of significant losses due to equipment outages. To cope with this problem, the power conversion system has been developed steadily, and it has a high speed automatic voltage regulator (AVC) with a linear response characteristic within 1ms, a new instantaneous power failure compensator The concept of uninterruptible power supply has also emerged.

1 is a block diagram of the prior art, which is registered in Korean Patent No. 10-1009483. When the control of the uninterrupted power supply (UPS) is normal, the control unit 30 monitors the external power supply. When the external power supply is normal, the control unit applies a pulse signal to the gate of the SCR switch 10 to turn on the SCR switch Supply external power to the load. The control unit 30 turns off the SCR switch 10 and operates the inverter 50 to supply energy from the DC power source 60 made of a capacitor or a battery And turns it on / off to generate an alternating current pulse. The AC pulse is boosted or reduced by the transformer 40 to be supplied to the load according to the voltage level of the external power source.

The SCR switch 10 and the inverter 50 can not be controlled when the control is abnormal or disabled due to fire damages or failure of the UPS or the instantaneous power failure compensating device. The inverter 50 is not operated and the supply of power to the load is interrupted. At this time, a separate pulse circuit 20 is operated to turn on the SCR switch 10 to supply external power to the load.

Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the pulse circuit 20. Fig. 2, the pulse circuit 120 includes a separate constant voltage generating circuit 121 for receiving a 15V from a main power source to generate a 12V power source for driving a separate pulse generating circuit, And a clock oscillator 123 separately provided for oscillating when the signal of the error detector is 'high', and a clock generator 123 for driving a clock generated from the clock generator to drive a pulse transformer And a pulse transformer (T2) for generating a pulse on the primary coil by the pulse output of the FET (Q2) of the clock amplifier and inducing a pulse on the secondary coil, And a pulse output unit 125 for transmitting pulses induced in the secondary side coil of the pulse transformer to the SCR switch 110. To summarize this, the conventional emergency transfer technique includes a constant voltage generating circuit 121, an error detecting unit 221, a separate clock oscillating unit 222, a clock amplifying unit 223, and a pulse circuit 224, and an SCR switch 210. As shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are block diagrams of the technology registered in Korean Patent No. 10-1260340 by the present inventor, which is a new technology that complements the disadvantages of the prior arts registered in Korean Patent No. 10-1009483.

4, when the external power source is in an abnormal state, the control unit controls the power conversion unit such as the inverter or the automatic voltage regulation unit to supply the AC power to the load. In the power conversion apparatus, a switching power supply (SMPS) A pulse transformer (not shown) configured to induce a pulse voltage having the same frequency as the primary pulse in the secondary windings N2 and N3 in addition to the winding N1 used as the power source of the control unit on the secondary side of the pulse transformer T1 of the switching mode power supply A pulse signal transfer unit 332 for controlling the path of the drive pulse generated from the secondary winding of the SMPS pulse transformer T1 and the secondary winding N2 of the secondary winding of the SMPS to output to the gate of the SCR switch, When the control unit of the power conversion apparatus is in failure, the pulse path control unit 330 is activated and the secondary windings N2 and N3 of the SMPS are activated The gidoen pulse voltage is conductive the pulse signal transmission section 332, and to supply a drive pulse to the gate of the SCR switch.

Korean Patent No. 10-1009483 and Korean Patent No. 10-1260340 disclose that when the control unit 30 or 430 is unable to control due to breakage, disconnection or internal burnout, the SCR switch turns on, Bypassing circuit for normally supplying the load to the load, which is known as an " emergency bypass switching circuit ". However, these techniques are only for the technique of conducting the SCR switch but do not include a technique for shutting down the SCR switch when the external power source is abnormal.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing waveforms according to an anomalous phase of an input power source and a phase adjustment time when applying the thyristor switch control method according to an embodiment of the 'thyristor switch control method' which is a technology registered in Korean Patent No. 10-1091176 of the present inventor Respectively. This technology is a unique characteristic of SCR switch that maintains the conduction state without changing the direction of the current flowing to the SCR switch even if the pulse signal applied to the SCR gate is removed in order to cut off the SCR switch when the external power source is abnormal. In the uninterruptible power supply or instantaneous power failure compensator that converts direct current into AC by the inverter when the external input power is abnormal and supplies it to the load, the compensated power converted into AC by the inverter is not supplied only to the load side, This is a technique to prevent reverse supply of normal compensation power to the load by flowing back to the input side through the bypass switch made up of the retained SCR. This technique stops the pulse signal applied to the gate of the SCR, which is a component of the bypass switch when the external input power is abnormal, and stops the phase of the alternating current to be converted to the inverter by slowing or pulling the phase of the AC, This is a technique to forcibly turn off the SCR switch by reversing the direction of the current flowing to the SCR switch. The 'thyristor switch control method', which is a technology registered in Korean Patent No. 10-1091176, contributes greatly to the prevention of the loss of compensating AC voltage through the SCR switch, but it is not perfect and it is necessary to change the phase of the compensation output. Is very difficult to use.

When the input power is abnormal in the power converter such as the UPS or DVC, the SCR switches 10, 110, 210 and 310 are shut off and the DC power source is received and the AC generated from the inverter When the power is supplied to the load, the external input power is normal, and the control unit is abnormal, as described in the background art, a technique for conducting the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) switch through the 'emergency bypass transfer circuit' will be.

The SCR switches 10, 110, 210 and 310 are connected to the SCR switches 10, 110, 210, and 210 even if pulses are not supplied from the controllers 30, 231, and 430 or the pulse circuits 20, 310 maintains the conduction state continuously unless the direction of the current flowing through the electrodes 310, 320 is reversed. 1 and 3, the SCR is used as a switch for bypassing the input power to the load. When the input power is abnormal, the SCR switches 10, 110, 210 and 310 are immediately shut off, The generated AC power must be supplied to the load. However, since the SCR switch is not blocked unless the direction of the current is reversed, it maintains the conduction state. Therefore, the AC power generated by inverting the power from the DC source is sent only to the load And the SCR switches 10, 110, 210, and 310 which maintain the conduction state are not able to supply the compensating power to the load by making a back feed in the direction of the input power source so that the load becomes inoperable or malfunctioning state There is a defect.

To this end, a technique called phase shift (Korean Patent No. 10-1091176) has been developed which forcibly blocks the SCR switch, but this is also not perfect and can not be applied to three phases in particular. In particular, since the SCR switches 10 and 110 must generate and supply pulses from a separate power source to the control unit, a separate pulse circuit is required from the control power source, and the pulse circuit requires a separate stabilizing power source 121, An error signal detection unit 122, a separate clock generation unit 123, a clock amplification unit 124, and a pulse oscillation unit 125. As shown in FIG.

Therefore, the present invention can not be immediately shut off when a normal external input power source abnormality occurs, so that an error occurs when the SCR switch is not interrupted when the UPS device including the instantaneous power failure compensating device of the OFF line or line intervention type is interrupted, 7, which eliminates the deficiency of the conventional SCR switch in which the above-mentioned five steps are not necessary, such as the conventional stabilized power source and the pulse circuit as in the prior art of Figs. 1 and 2, The present invention provides a technique for completely realizing a unique function of an uninterruptible power supply including an instantaneous power failure compensator by implementing an ON / OFF function of an accurate bypass switch having a short switching time of 2 ms or less.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power conversion apparatus for controlling an inverter to convert an AC into an AC to supply an AC power to a load when the external input power source is in an abnormal state, And the bypass switch receives the signal of the bypass signal generating unit connected to the control unit to immediately block the bypass switch. The bypass switch allows the transistor collector to be connected to each of the cathodes of the two diodes D1 and D2 And the emitter of the transistor is connected to each of the other two diodes D3 and D4 and if the phase of the external input is positive then the diode is connected between the external input and the transistor collector The current passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D4 connected between the transistor and the output side load, The current passing through the diode D2 connected between the output side load and the transistor passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D3 between the transistor and the external input. When the external input is abnormal, Pass switch is immediately cut off so that the AC power from the inverter can flow only to the load without flowing back to the external power supply.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the bypass signal generator connected to the control unit further includes a photocoupler (PC1), wherein the signal supplied from the control unit turns on or off the bypass switch through the photocoupler OFF) to operate the bypass switch. The bypass switch circuit includes a bypass switch circuit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the bypass signal generator connected to the controller further includes a bypass signal inverter, and a signal from the controller is provided to the bypass signal inverter so that the signal is inverted, A high signal is input to the bypass signal inverting unit only when the input power is abnormal and the control unit is normal, and the high signal is inverted to the low signal through the bypass signal inverting unit to supply the bypass signal to the bypass switch, and; When the external input power is normal, a low signal is input to the bypass signal inverting unit regardless of the failure of the control unit, and the inverted high signal is passed through the bypass signal inverting unit and supplied to the bypass switch, The power conversion device includes a bypass switch circuit.

In the prior art, when the supply of the conduction signal consisting of pulses is stopped to the gate of the SCR constituting the bypass switch when the external input power source is abnormal, the uninterruptible power supply When the SCR switch is not blocked in the apparatus, the compensating power of the AC maintains the conduction state, and the bypass current flows back to the external input near the infinite size through the bypass switch. As a result, In addition, since the current of infinite size toward the external input side close to the infinite size of the load is flowed back while the SCR switch maintains the conduction state, the current rating of the switching element of the inverter is greatly exceeded, If the switching element of the inverter is damaged or Prevents provides functions to protect the UPS.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the parallel operation technique for increasing the capacity of the uninterruptible power supply apparatus including the instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus by increasing the capacity of the power conversion apparatus in parallel is an ON-LINE TYPE, and OFF-LINE TYPE and LINE INTERACTIVE TYPE are different from each other in the control technology of the SCR switch of the prior art because there is a large variation in switching time when the SCR switch is cut off and a non- The phase of each phase can not be completely synchronized and parallel operation can not be performed. However, in controlling the transistor or the IGBT according to the present invention, since there is no delay time regardless of the phase of the switching timing, the bypass switch has no deviation in the switching time, Synchronous control of the instantaneous power failure compensating device is possible, Parallel operation technology that increases capacity by increasing the capacity of small-sized power converters in all power supply units is also available in OFF-LINE TYPE and LINE INTERACTIVE TYPE, so that it is possible to add economical facilities to meet the capacity needed when large-capacity expansion is required. do.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it does not need to construct a separate emergency bypass switching circuit because it also serves as an emergency bypass circuit that supplies normal external input power to the load even when the control unit fails, .

Another effect of the present invention is to improve the reliability and safety of the device by reducing the failure rate of the device by simplifying the innovative circuit configuration, and it is possible to reduce the production cost by reducing the material cost and production time, So that the normal external input power is supplied to the load when the external input power is normal and the compensation power is completely supplied to the load when the external input power is abnormal so that the load is protected and the power is supplied to the load smoothly, It guarantees the operation of electric and electronic devices and dramatically increases the productivity of super precision electric and electronic industry.

1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus of the prior art;
2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the pulse circuit of the prior art shown in Fig.
3 is a block diagram showing a prior application uninterruptible power supply configuration of the applicant of the present invention;
4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an emergency bypass switching circuit of a previously filed uninterruptible power supply of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing waveforms of an input power source according to an embodiment of a thirteen thyristor switch control method according to the present invention;
6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus employing a bypass switch according to the present invention.
7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a bypass switch and a bypass signal generator of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
8 is a diagram showing another configuration of a bypass switch and a bypass signal generating unit of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing another configuration of a bypass switch and a bypass signal generating unit of the uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
10 is a diagram showing another configuration of a bypass switch and a bypass signal generator of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
11 is a view showing a waveform of a compensation voltage current when the conventional SCR switch is cut off.
FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram of a compensation voltage current when the bypass switch is cut off according to the technique of the present invention; FIG.

The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply apparatus or an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus of an OFF Line method or a LINE Interactive method, and more particularly to an OFF line method or a LINE Interactive type uninterruptible power supply apparatus or a bypass switch circuit of an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus .

In general, the operation methods of the uninterruptible power supply or the instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus for controlling the power supply to the computer and the peripheral devices include an ON line method, an OFF line method, and a LINE Interactive .

The ON line method is a power supply through the inverter at all times even when normal operation is performed by double conversion with AC - DC - AC. When the input power is applied, a separate rectifying part converts the inputted AC power into DC to charge the battery. DC power is supplied from the battery, and the inverter unit performs a switching operation to generate a sinusoidal wave through the filter to supply power to the load. The ON line method has the advantage that the single capacity can be expanded only by the addition of the small capacity facility because parallel operation can be performed by synchronizing the phases in plural devices without switching operation regardless of the occurrence of the abnormality of the input power source.

On the other hand, the OFF Line method normally supplies the input power to the load through the bypass, while another rectifying part converts the input power to DC power and charges the battery. In case of power failure, the bypass switch is shut off, And the power is supplied to the load. In the LINE Interactive method, the inverter supplies the input power to the load through the bypass while normally operating as a rectifying part, and converts the input power to the DC power and charges the battery In the case of a power failure, it operates as an inverter and supplies power to the load.

Regardless of the difference between the ON line method, the OFF line method and the LINE Interactive method, the ON line method is a separate rectifying part regardless of the abnormality of the input power source. Since it has no switching operation, it has high voltage stability and can control the phase completely, parallel operation is possible. However, the efficiency is as low as 85% and the manufacturing cost is high due to complicated circuit configuration. On the other hand, unlike the ON Line method, the off-line method is usually a separate rectifying part to charge the battery, while the output is bypassed as it is, and the inverter is used only when the input power is out of power. But it has a separate rectification part and inverter part like the ON line method. Therefore, it is not possible to use it for ultra-high precision equipment because it has a high production cost and slow response time of 4ms or more. Type UPS can not be controlled in the same phase, parallel operation is impossible.

In addition, unlike the conventional off-line method, the Line Interactive method bypasses the input power as it is and supplies the load to the load. Instead of a separate rectifying part, the inverter part is operated in reverse to charge the battery by the function of rectifying part. Because it operates because it does not have a separate rectifying part, the manufacturing cost is low, the efficiency is high as 97-98%, and the response speed is very short, within 2ms, so it is good for the momentary power failure countermeasure of ultra high precision equipment. However, by adopting SCR as bypass switch, There is a disadvantage in that the compensating power flows back to the input side during bucking. As in the case of the off-line method, it is not possible to perform parallel operation because the plurality of line interactive instantaneous power failure compensating devices can not be controlled in the same phase.

Particularly, although the ON-LINE method is widely used because it is easy to increase the capacity and can match the power characteristics required by the load, the conventional LINE Interactive method or OFF line method has a relatively high efficiency and low manufacturing cost. The inherent disadvantages of the prior art approach limit its use. The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art of the LINE Interactive method and its advantage is utilized effectively.

LINE Interactive method has remarkably high efficiency compared to ON Line method. When input power is normal, input power is bypassed through SCR switch and supplied to direct load to maintain high efficiency. If input is abnormal, 2ms (1ms: 1/1000 Seconds, the SCR switch is immediately turned off (TURN OFF) to receive the DC power source and supply the AC power generated from the inverter to the load. However, if the SCR switch is supplied with a signal only once, the SCR switch maintains the ON state until the direction of the current flowing through the SCR switch is inverted even if there is no gate signal. Therefore, before the direction of the current flowing through the SCR switch is changed SCR is not blocked. Due to the characteristics of the SCR, when the external input is abnormal, the AC power generated from the inverter is not transferred to the load while the SCR switch is maintained in the conduction state, and the current flows back to the input side through the SCR switch As a result, the load may not be supplied to the load, resulting in the load stopping or malfunctioning. 11 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the SCR switch according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 11, when the external input power source is abnormally generated, the SCR switch is not immediately shut off and power generated from the inverter is not transferred to the load within 2 ms after occurrence of an abnormality of the external input power source. The output voltage is lost and the current which is several times the normal current flows backward.

If the compensation power is lost for more than 2ms and is not supplied to the load, the ultra-high-precision load will stop or malfunction, resulting in significant losses to industrial sites. In this respect, in the prior art, the LINE Interactive type instantaneous power failure compensator of the prior art has a problem in that when the SAG of the input power source occurs, the load operation is often stopped or malfunction occurs, In some cases, high-precision industrial sites suffered huge losses. Accordingly, the present invention replaces the above SCR switch of the OFF line type or LINE Interactive type uninterruptible power supply device or the instantaneous power failure compensating device so as to immediately shut off the bypass switch connected to the external input power source when an abnormality occurs in the external input power source Thereby preventing the compensating power generated from the inverter from flowing back to the input side.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling an uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention; In the case where the bypass inverting unit according to the abnormality of the control unit is not applied (Figs. 7 and 8) and the case where the bypass inverting unit is applied (Figs. 9 and 10) as in the abnormal signal detecting unit 331 in Fig. Explain.

4 shows an emergency bypass switching circuit of an uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention for conducting an SCR switch when a controller abnormality occurs. FIG. 6 shows a bypass switch of the present invention, instead of the SCR switch 310, Which is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an uninterruptible power supply apparatus employing the power supply unit 410 shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the bypass switch 410 of FIG. 6, illustrating the configuration of the bypass switch 510 and the bypass signal generator 520 of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention . In the bypass switch 510 of FIG. 7, the current flows through the path when the phase of the external input is positive (+) and through the path when the phase of the external input is negative (-). At this time, the bypass switch 510 connects the collector of the transistor Q1 to each of the cathodes of the two diodes D1 and D2 and the emitter of the transistor is connected to another two diodes D3 and D4, If the phase of the external input is positive, the current passing through the diode D1 connected between the external input and the transistor collector passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D4 connected between the transistor and the output side load And when the phase of the external input is negative, the current passing through the diode D2 connected between the output side load and the transistor passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D3 between the transistor and the external input.

The configuration of the bypass switch 610 of FIG. 8 is similar to the bypass switch 510 of FIG. 7 except that the bypass switch 510 of FIG. 7 comprises a diode and a transistor TRANSISTOR, The bypass switch 610 is different from a diode and an IGBT (ISOLATED GATED BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR). 7, the bypass signal generator 520 outputs a bypass signal to 'low' or 'high' to the base of the transistor or the gate of the IGBT according to the condition of the external input, The output of which is input. The output of the base of the transistor or the gate of the IGBT is determined according to the conditions of the controller 430 and the external input in FIG.

Hereinafter, the operation of the power converter circuit including the bypass switch circuit of the present invention according to these conditions will be described in detail.

When the power converter system is in a normal state, that is, when the external input is normal and the controller 430 is normal, the controller inputs a 'high' signal to the bypass signal generator 520, The bypass signal is outputted to the base of the transistor Q1 of the bypass switch 510 and the transistor Q1 is turned on so that the current between the collector and the emitter becomes Let it flow. Therefore, the external input is normally transferred to the load. However, when the external input is abnormal and the control unit is normal, the control unit inputs a 'low' signal to the bypass signal generator 520, the bypass signal generator 520 outputs a bypass signal at a low level, The bypass signal of the low is provided to the base of the transistor Q1 to shut off the transistor and unlike the SCR switch which requires a delay time in the shutdown, 6, it is possible to receive the DC power supply 460 shown in FIG. 6 and convert the AC power from the inverter 450 to AC so that the compensation power to be supplied to the load is completely lost to the input side . FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration in which the bypass switch is immediately turned off when an external input power supply abnormality occurs, so that the power generated from the inverter within 2 ms after occurrence of an abnormality of the external input power supply is not supplied back to the input side through the bypass switch, .

The state of the bypass signal of the control unit, the state of the bypass switch 510, the operation of the inverter 450, and the output state of the load according to whether the external input and the control unit 430 are normal or not, .

Output status at load according to whether external input and controller are normal input Control bypass signal Bypass switch status The inverter 450 operates Load output
The control unit
normal normal Hi Continuity Non-operating External input output abnormal low block work Compensated Output The control unit
abnormal normal low block Inoperable No compensation output abnormal low block Inoperable No compensation output

8 is a diagram showing another configuration of the bypass switch and the bypass signal generator of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention. 8, when the rated voltage of the AC power source, which is an external input power source, is high to protect the control unit, the bypass signal of the control unit includes a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit, To the coupler PC1, and drives the bypass switch by using a separate power source separated from the power source of the control unit. 7, when the external input is abnormal and the control unit is normal, the control unit inputs a 'low' signal to the bypass signal generator 620, and the bypass signal generator 620 generates a bypass signal And the bypass signal of this row is supplied to the base of the transistor Q2 to immediately shut off the bypass switch 610 having no delay time at the time of the shutdown so that the DC power supply 460 shown in FIG. And receives from the inverter 450 an AC current so that the compensation power to be supplied to the load is completely supplied to the load without being lost to the input side.

9 is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the bypass switch and the bypass signal generator of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the bypass signal generator 720 is further provided with a bypass signal inverting unit 730. The bypass signal inverting unit 730 is connected to an emergency bypass unit 331 such as an abnormal signal dump unit 331 in Korean Patent No. 10-1260340 for the emergency bypass switching circuit of the uninterruptible power supply device of the present inventor Is applied to the bypass switch of the present invention so that a normal external input can be provided to the load output even when the control unit is abnormal. The bypass signal inverted by the bypass signal inverting unit 730 is input to the bypass signal generating unit 720 so that the bypass signal input to the bypass signal generating unit 720 is input in contrast to the signal of FIG.

That is, when the external input is abnormal and the control unit is normal, a high signal is input to the bypass signal inverting unit 730 of the bypass signal generating unit 720, and the bypass signal generating unit 720 generates a bypass signal The bypass signal of the 'low' turns off the transistor Q3, and immediately blocks the bypass switch 710 according to the configuration of the bypass switch 710 having no delay time at the time of shutdown 6, and converts the AC power from the inverter 450 to AC so that the compensation power to be supplied to the load is completely supplied to the load without being lost to the input side.

If the external input is normal and the control unit 430 is abnormal, a low signal is input to the bypass signal inverting unit 730 of the bypass signal generating unit 720, and the bypass signal generating unit 720 The bypass signal is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 of the bypass switch 710 so that the transistor Q3 is turned on so that current flows between the collector and the emitter. do. Therefore, the normal input of the external input is directly transmitted to the load via the bypass switch 710, and when the external input is not normal, such abnormal external input is directly transmitted to the load.

9, a bypass signal inverting unit 730 may be additionally provided in the bypass signal generating unit 720 so as to provide an external input to the load output even when the control unit is abnormal. In this case, The state of the bypass signal, the state of the bypass switch 710, the operation state of the inverter 450, and the output state of the load according to the external input and the normal state of the control unit 430 will be described in the following Table 2 .

A bypass signal inversion unit, and an output state in the load according to the external input and the normal state of the control unit Out
input Bypass
Signal Reversal Input Signal Bypass signal Bypass
Switch status The inverter 450 operates Load output The control unit
normal normal low Hi Continuity Non-operating External input output abnormal Hi low block work Compensated Output The control unit
abnormal normal low Hi Continuity Non-operating External input output abnormal low Hi Continuity Non-operating External input output

As summarized in Table 2, the bypass signal inverting unit input signal (bypass signal of the control unit) outputs a high signal only when the control unit is normal and the external input is abnormal, and when the external input is normal, The bypass signal is inverted through the bypass signal inverting unit 730 and the bypass switch 710 is turned on only when the bypass signal of the control unit is low, The external input power is supplied to the load. Since this function supplies the normal external input power to the load even in the event of failure of the control unit, there is no need to construct a separate emergency bypass circuit, and a technology that can also serve as an emergency bypass circuit by using only one simple bypass signal generator 720 .

10 is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the bypass switch and the bypass signal generator of the uninterruptible power supply apparatus according to the present invention. 10, when the rated voltage of the AC power source, which is an external input power source, is high and it is necessary to protect the control unit, the bypass signal of the control unit is passed through the photocoupler PC2 and a separate power source Thereby driving the bypass switch. 9, when the external input is abnormal and the control unit 430 is normal, a high signal is inputted to the bypass signal inverting unit 830 of the bypass signal generating unit 820, The generator 820 outputs the bypass signal to the low level and the bypass signal of the 'low' turns off the transistor Q4. Unlike the SCR switch which requires a delay time in blocking, The bypass power supply 460 shown in FIG. 6 is received and converted from the inverter 450 to AC so that the compensation power to be supplied to the load is completely lost to the input side . When the control unit 430 is abnormal regardless of the state of the external input, a low signal is input to the bypass signal inverting unit 830 of the bypass signal generating unit 820, and the bypass signal generating unit 820 Quot; high " bypass signal is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 of the bypass switch 810 so that the transistor Q4 is turned on so that a current flows between the collector and the emitter. do. Therefore, the external input is transferred to the load as it is. Therefore, when the bypass switch circuit shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is applied, it is not necessary to configure a separate emergency bypass circuit for supplying the normal external input power to the load in the event of failure of the control unit, To provide a technology that can also serve as a role of.

10, 110, 210, 310: SCR switch
20, 120: Pulse circuit
40, 240, 440: W / Down transformer
50, 250, 450: Inverter / Converter
60, 260, 460: DC power source
121: Separate stabilized power source
122: Error signal detector
123: a separate clock generating unit
124: clock amplifier
125:
320: Switching power supply
30, 231, and 430:
330: Pulse path control unit
331: abnormal signal detection unit
332: Pulse signal transmission unit
232, 321: Main power unit
322: Additional winding coil part
410, 510, 610, 710, 810: Bypass switch
510, 610, 710. 810: Bypass switch
520, 620, 720. 820: Bypass signal generator
730, 830:

Claims

And a controller for receiving the DC power from the inverter and converting the AC power from the inverter to AC, and supplying the AC power to the load when the external input power is in an abnormal state,
The bypass switch including the transistor between the external input power source and the load receives the signal of the bypass signal generators 520 and 620 connected to the control unit to immediately block the bypass switches 510 and 610, The switches 510 and 610 are connected to the respective cathodes of the two diodes D1 and D2 and the emitters of the transistors are connected to the other two of the diodes D3 and D4 respectively, If the phase of the input is positive, the current passing through the diode D1 connected between the external input and the transistor collector passes through the transistor and passes through the diode D4 connected between the transistor and the output side load, The current passing through the diode D2 connected between the output side load and the transistor passes through the transistor and is between the transistor and the external input. And the bypass switch is immediately cut off when the external input is abnormal so that the AC power from the inverter can flow to the load without flowing back to the external power supply. Included power converter.

The method of claim 1, further comprising: applying a high bypass signal to a base of a transistor of the bypass switch (510, 610) when the external input power is normal and the control unit is normal, And the bypass switch circuit is operated by the bypass switch circuit.

The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the bypass switch transistor is replaced with an IGBT.

The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bypass signal generator (620) connected to the controller further comprises a photocoupler (PC1), and the signal supplied from the controller switches on or off the bypass switch And the bypass switch is turned on to turn on the bypass switch.

The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bypass signal generator 520 connected to the control unit further includes bypass signal inverters 730 and 830, and a signal from the controller is provided to the bypass signal inverters 730 and 830 A signal of a high level is input to the bypass signal inverters 730 and 830 only when the external input power source is abnormal and the control unit is normal and the control signal passes through the bypass inverters 730 and 830 Inverts the signal to a low signal and supplies the inverted signal to the bypass switch to turn off the bypass switch;
When the external input power is normal or the control unit is faulty, a low signal is input to the bypass signal inverters 730 and 830 and is inverted to a high signal through the bypass signal inverters 730 and 830, And the bypass switch is turned on by supplying the bypass switch to the bypass switch.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the bypass signal generator (820) connected to the controller further includes a photocoupler (PC2), wherein the signal supplied from the controller turns on or off the bypass switch via the photocoupler And the bypass switch is turned on to turn on the bypass switch.

The power conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the power conversion apparatus is an instantaneous power failure compensating apparatus, an uninterruptible power supply apparatus, or an automatic voltage regulator.