KR101486668B1 - Recovery of metalic tin from waste materials by aqueous extraction - Google Patents

Recovery of metalic tin from waste materials by aqueous extraction Download PDF

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KR101486668B1
KR101486668B1 KR20130137351A KR20130137351A KR101486668B1 KR 101486668 B1 KR101486668 B1 KR 101486668B1 KR 20130137351 A KR20130137351 A KR 20130137351A KR 20130137351 A KR20130137351 A KR 20130137351A KR 101486668 B1 KR101486668 B1 KR 101486668B1
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tin
containing waste
metal
recovering
solution
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나상균
홍인석
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주식회사 화류테크
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B25/00Obtaining tin
    • C22B25/06Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B25/00Obtaining tin
    • C22B25/04Obtaining tin by wet processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B25/00Obtaining tin
    • C22B25/08Refining
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/08Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/10Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/22Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of recovering tin in tin-containing waste, and more specifically, to a method of recovering and separating equal to or greater than 98% of tin metal in tin-containing waste by wet extraction which aims to increase recovery rate of expensive valuable metal by easily recovering and treating high-purity tin in tin-containing waste. Provided is a method of recovering and separating equal to or greater than 98% of tin metal in tin-containing waste by wet extraction which includes a first step of injecting tin-containing waste (solute) and nonoxidative inorganic acid (solvent), selected from sulfuric acid having equal to or less than 50% concentration and hydrochloric acid having equal to or less than 50% concentration, in a weight ratio of 1:1-1:2.0 in a reactor to be mixed to form tartrate solution (S1); a second step of injecting zinc powder into the tartrate solution to extract tin content in accordance with ionization tendency (S2); a third step of filtering the tin content extracted as above (S3); and a fourth step of injecting the tin content into a heating furnace with flux to be heated in 300-400°C in order to form a molten tin solution (S4).

Description

주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법{Recovery of metalic tin from waste materials by aqueous extraction}BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for recovering tin metal from a tin-

본 발명은 주석함유폐기물의 주석 회수방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 주석을 함유한 폐기물에서 고순도의 주석을 용이하게 회수처리하여 고가인 유가금속의 회수율을 높이게 되는 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a tin recovery method for tin-containing wastes, and more particularly, to a tin recovery method for recovering high-purity tin from tin-containing wastes, And recovering the metal by 98% or more.

일반적으로 주석(Sn)은 납땜이나 도금, 파이프, 액정표시기, 각종 산업시설 등 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있으며 고가의 유가금속인 주석을 함유하고 있는 상기의 각종 부산물과 폐기물, 슬러지(오니) 등(이하 '주석함유폐기물')을 수거하고 소정의 처리과정을 거쳐 주석을 생산 및 재활용하고 있다.In general, tin (Sn) is applied to various fields such as soldering, plating, pipes, liquid crystal displays, various industrial facilities, and various kinds of by-products and wastes, sludge (sludge) Tin-containing wastes ") are collected and processed through a predetermined process to produce and recycle tin.

상기의 주석을 분리 및 회수하기 위한 종래의 선행기술에 따르면, 주석을 함유하고 있는 주석함유폐기물 중에서 주석재(주석금속분말), 주석슬러지(산화주석)에서만 회수할 수 있어서 자원의 재활용도가 매우 낮다. 또 코크스, 석회석등과 함께 용융로 및 반사로에 투입해 1,000℃의 높은 온도에서 24시간 이상 가열하여야만 주석을 회수할 수 있다. 그리고 주석에 함유된 불순물을 제거하기 위해 500~600℃의 높은 온도에서 산소를 취입하는 산소 취입처리공정을 거쳐 산화물로 불순물을 제거하는 방법이 있다.According to the conventional prior art for separating and recovering the tin, the tin-containing waste containing tin can be recovered only from tin (tin metal powder) and tin sludge (tin oxide), and the recyclability of resources is very low . In addition, tin can be recovered only when it is put into a melting furnace and a reflex furnace together with coke, limestone, etc. and heated at a high temperature of 1,000 ° C. for 24 hours or more. In order to remove the impurities contained in the tin, there is a method of removing impurities from the oxide through an oxygen blowing treatment process in which oxygen is blown at a high temperature of 500 to 600 ° C.

이러한 종래의 선행기술은 설비 및 회수 비용이 비싸고 고열을 이용함으로 에너지 소비율이 높으며 장치 설치비가 높고 안전문제 등 산업적 생산이 원활치 못할 뿐만 아니라 사용원료의 제약으로 산업활동이 활성화되지 못하는 단점이 있다. 특히 주석금속의 회수율이 80%로 낮기 때문에 설비비 가중과 회수율 저하, 사용원료 제약 등으로 인한 경제적 측면에서 엄청난 손실이 아닐 수 없기에 비실용적이고 시급한 개선을 필요로 하는 문제점이 있었다. Such conventional prior art is disadvantageous in that it is expensive in terms of equipment and recovery, uses high heat, has a high energy consumption rate, has a high installation cost, is not smooth in industrial production such as safety problems, and can not activate industrial activities due to restrictions on raw materials used. In particular, since the recovery rate of the tin metal is as low as 80%, there is a problem that impractical and urgent improvement is required since it is a huge loss from the economical viewpoint due to the weighting of the equipment cost, the reduction of the recovery rate,

한편 KS규격 및 세계각국규격에서 규정한 특종이나 A등급(Grade A)에 적합한 고순도 품질의 주석을 생산하기 위해서는 주석괴를 1차 제조한 후 이를 다시 전기분해해서 고순도규격의 주석괴로 생산하고 있기 때문에 비효율적이고 경제적 손실이 크다. 이에 관한 종래의 선행기술(특허문헌)으로는 국내특허출원 제10-2000-0034938(2000.06.23)호의 '주석오니로부터 고순도 주석을 추출하는 방법'이 있으며 이를 참조하면 보다 용이하게 이해가 될 것이다.On the other hand, in order to produce tin of high purity quality suitable for the special grade specified in the KS standard and the international standards, or the grade A, it is first produced and then electrolyzed again to produce high purity tin It is inefficient and has great economic losses. As a conventional prior art related to this, there is a method of extracting high purity annotations from annotated sludge in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0034938 (Jun. 23, 2000), which will be more easily understood .

또는 주석함유폐기물의 주석 회수방법에 관한 종래의 선행기술(특허문헌)을 살펴보면 국내특허출원 제10-2009-0092694(2009.09.29.) 내지는 국내특허출원 제10-2011-0027376(2011.03.28.), 국내특허출원 제10-2012-0061164(2012.06.07.) 등이 공지된 바에 있으며, 이미 공지된 바에 따라 이에 관한 구체적인 설명은 생략하기로 한다.
(Patent Literature) relating to a method for recovering tin of a tin-containing waste according to the present invention will be described in detail in the Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-0092694 (2009.09.29.) Or the domestic patent application No. 10-2011-0027376 (Mar. ) And Korean Patent Application No. 10-2012-0061164 (Jun. 07, 2012) are known, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted as it is already known.

1.국내특허출원 제10-2000-0034938(2000.06.23)1. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0034938 (June 23, 2000) 2.국내특허출원 제10-2009-0092694(2009.09.29.)2. Domestic Patent Application No. 10-2009-0092694 (Sep. 29, 2009) 3.국내특허출원 제10-2011-0027376(2011.03.28.)3. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0027376 (March 28, 2011) 4.국내특허출원 제10-2012-0061164(2012.06.07.)4. Domestic Patent Application No. 10-2012-0061164 (June 7, 2012)

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 주석을 함유하고 있는 주석함유폐기물에서 고가의 주석 등의 유가금속성분을 무기산을 이용하여 산용해 반응으로 무기산에 용해되는 주석성분을 회수한 다음 아연분말을 이용하여 이온화경향이 아연보다 늦은 금속성분을 석출시킨 뒤 여과 및 수세, 건조하고 주석의 용융점 이상의 온도로 가열하면서 융제를 첨가하면 주석이 회수된다. 이때 불순물로 존재하는 구리(Cu), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni) 등은 용융되지 않고 금속으로 존재하므로 여기에 유황을 첨가하여 유화물로 치환시켜 회수 처리하고 주석은 용융상태의 주석용융액으로 회수한 뒤 형틀에 넣고 성형함으로써 순도 높은 주석괴(덩어리)로 전량 회수할 수 있게 되는 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법을 제공하는 데에 목적이 있다.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a process for recovering a tin component dissolved in an inorganic acid by reacting a tin-containing waste containing tin with an expensive metal such as tin by using inorganic acid, Tin is recovered by filtration, washing with water, drying the metal component with ionization tendency later than zinc, adding a flux while heating to a temperature above the melting point of tin. At this time, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and the like present as impurities are not melted and are present as a metal. Therefore, sulfur is added thereto to replace the emulsion and recovered. The tin is recovered as a molten tin melt The waste tin containing waste tin which can be entirely recovered in high purity tin mass by putting it in a back mold and recovering more than 98% of tin metal by wet extraction.

본 발명은 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법에 있어서, 주석함유폐기물(용질)과 농도가 50%이하인 황산 또는 농도가 50%이하인 염산 중에서 선택된 것인 비산화성 무기산(용매)을 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 반응기에 투입하고 혼합하여 주석산염용액을 만드는 제1단계(S1); 상기 주석산염용액에 아연분말을 투입하여 이온화경향에 따른 주석성분을 석출하는 제2단계(S2); 상기와 같이 석출된 주석성분을 여과하는 제3단계(S3); 상기의 주석성분을 융제와 함께 가열로에 투입하고 300~400℃로 가열하여 주석용융액을 만드는 제4단계(S4);로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법을 제안한다.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 주석용융액에 유황을 투입하여 불순물을 정제하는 제5단계(S5);로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.
The present invention relates to a method for recovering and separating tin metal from a tin containing waste by wet extraction in an amount of 98% or more, characterized in that the tin containing waste (solute) is selected from sulfuric acid having a concentration of 50% or less or hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 50% (Solvent) in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0 into a reactor and mixing them to form a stannate solution; A second step (S2) of adding zinc powder to the stannate solution to precipitate a tin component according to the ionization tendency; A third step (S3) of filtering the precipitated tin component as described above; And a fourth step (S4) of adding the tin component to the heating furnace together with the flux and heating the tin component to a temperature of 300 to 400 ° C to produce a tin melt. The tin- We propose a method for recovery and separation.
The present invention is further characterized by a fifth step (S5) of adding sulfur to the tin melt to purify the impurities.

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본 발명은 주석함유폐기물에서 함유되어 있는 고순도의 주석을 용이하게 회수할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고수율로 취득 분리할 수 있으며 또한 폐기물에 함유된 구리(Cu), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni) 등의 불순물을 용이하게 분리할 수 있으며 생산성이 뛰어나고 시간적 및 경제적으로 우수한 효과를 제공한다.The present invention can easily recover high-purity tin contained in tin-containing wastes, and can obtain and separate high-yield tin. In addition, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel It is possible to easily separate the impurities from each other, and is excellent in productivity, time and cost.

또한 본 발명은 주석함유폐기물에서 주석을 회수하기 위하여 무기산용해반응으로 주석산용해액을 만들고 아연분말을 투입하여 주석성분을 석출시켜 융제와 같이 주석의 용융점(237℃) 부근으로 가열하여 저온작업으로 생산이 가능하다. 그리고 이렇게 회수된 금속을 유황을 투입하여 주석의 불순물을 유화물로 석출 분리하고 순수한 주석용융액을 냉각해 주석괴로 제조하는 방법으로 주석분말 또는 산화물 등의 다양한 원료형태로 사용할 수 있게 된다. 또 주석의 용융점 부근의 낮은 용융온도를 이용함으로써 고열로 인한 열손실을 줄임으로 열효율을 높여 연료비를 대폭 절감할 수 있다.The present invention also relates to a process for recovering tin from a tin-containing waste, which comprises dissolving a tartaric acid in an inorganic acid dissolution reaction, adding a zinc powder to deposit tin components, heating the tin at a melting point (237 ° C) This is possible. The metal thus recovered is charged with sulfur to precipitate impurities of tin as an emulsion, and the pure tin melt is cooled to form tin lumps, which can be used as various raw materials such as tin powder or oxides. In addition, by using a low melting temperature near the melting point of tin, the heat loss due to high heat is reduced, and the thermal efficiency can be increased to greatly reduce the fuel cost.

그리고 본 발명은 고가의 용융로가 필요 없어 상당한 설비비용을 절감할 수 있는 이점이 있으며 주석함유폐기물 중에 포함된 불순물을 다단 분리처리하여 종래에는 주석 회수율이 80%이하로 매우 낮았던 것이 주석 회수율 98%이상으로 매우 높고 고순도의 주석괴를 생산할 수 있는 효과가 있다.
The present invention is advantageous in that a considerable equipment cost can be saved because an expensive melting furnace is not required, and the impurities contained in the tin-containing waste are subjected to multistage separation treatment, so that the tin recovery rate of 80% It is possible to produce a very high and high-purity tin ingot.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예에 따른 주석함유폐기물의 주석 회수 처리방법을 간략하게 나타낸 관한 흐름도.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart briefly illustrating a method for collecting tin in a tin-containing waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

본 발명은 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법에 있어서, 주석함유폐기물(용질)과 비산화성 무기산(용매)을 함께 반응기에 투입하여 주석산염용액을 만드는 제1단계(S1); 상기 주석산염용액에 아연분말을 투입하여 이온화경향에 따른 주석성분을 석출하는 제2단계(S2); 상기와 같이 석출된 주석성분을 여과하는 제3단계(S3); 상기의 주석성분을 융제와 함께 가열로에 투입하고 300~400℃로 가열하여 주석용융액을 만드는 제4단계(S4);로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.
The present invention relates to a method for recovering and separating tin metal from tin-containing wastes by wet extraction at a rate of 98% or more, comprising the steps of: adding a tin-containing waste (solute) and a non-oxidizing inorganic acid (solvent) (S1); A second step (S2) of adding zinc powder to the stannate solution to precipitate a tin component according to the ionization tendency; A third step (S3) of filtering the precipitated tin component as described above; And a fourth step (S4) of adding the tin component to the heating furnace together with the flux and heating the tin component to 300 to 400 DEG C to produce a tin melt.

위를 더욱 자세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.The above is explained in more detail as follows.

먼저 본 발명은 각종 산업분야에서 발생하는 주석함유폐기물에서 주석성분을 분리 및 회수처리하는 방법으로 상기 제1단계(S1)는 용질인 주석함유폐기물(10)과 용매인 비산화성 무기산(20)을 함께 반응기(30)에 투입하고 반응시켜 주석산염용액을 만든다. 즉 상기 주석함유폐기물의 주석성분을 분리하기 위해 비산화성 무기산 용액과 반응시켜 금속염으로 형성시키며, 이를 위해 염산, 황산과 같은 비산화성 무기산 용액을 사용하게 된다. 한편 상기 주석함유폐기물(10)은 각종 산업분야에서 수집된 폐,부산물로 주석 10%이상을 함유한 것이 바람직하며 주석의 함유량에 따라 비산화성 무기산의 농도를 조절하게 된다. First, the present invention is a method for separating and recovering a tin component from tin-containing wastes generated in various industrial fields, wherein the first step (S1) comprises the steps of: (1) mixing a tin- Are added to the reactor (30) and reacted to form a stannate solution. That is, in order to separate the tin component of the tin-containing waste, a non-oxidizing inorganic acid solution such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is used to form a metal salt by reacting with a non-oxidizing inorganic acid solution. On the other hand, the tin-containing waste 10 preferably contains 10% or more of tin as waste and by-products collected in various industrial fields, and it controls the concentration of non-oxidizing inorganic acid according to the content of tin.

상기 교반기가 부설된 반응기(30)에 주석함유폐기물과 염산 또는 황산을 함께 투입하고 교반을 시작하면 반응열로 온도가 상승하므로 용해반응이 더욱 촉진된다. 상기 황산은 주석함유폐기물에 함유되어 있는 납(Pb), 비소(As) 등의 불순물을 침전물로 발생시켜 분리 및 처리가 용이하다. 또 반응 부산물인 수소가스가 발생하므로 가스를 포집하여 세정 흡수시킨다. When the tin-containing waste is mixed with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid into the reactor 30 equipped with the stirrer and stirring is started, the dissolution reaction is further promoted because the temperature rises due to the reaction heat. The sulfuric acid easily separates and treats impurities such as lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) contained in the tin-containing waste as a precipitate. In addition, since hydrogen gas, which is a byproduct of reaction, is generated, the gas is collected and cleaned and absorbed.

이때 본 발명에 따르면 상기 제1단계(S1)는 주석함유폐기물과 농도가 50%이하인 염산용액이 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 혼합된 것을 특징으로 한다. 바람직하게는 상기 염산(HCl)용액은 공업용 35%염산을 주석함유폐기물에 함유되어 있는 주석성분함유량의 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 투입하여 산염용해율을 높인다. At this time, according to the present invention, the first step (S1) is characterized in that the tin-containing waste and the hydrochloric acid solution having a concentration of 50% or less are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0. Preferably, the hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution increases the acid dissolution rate by adding 35% hydrochloric acid for industrial use at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0 by weight of the tin component content contained in the tin-containing waste.

이때 본 발명에 따르면 상기 제1단계(S1)는 주석함유폐기물과 농도가 50%이하인 황산용액이 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 혼합된 것을 특징으로 한다. 바람직하게는 상기 황산(H2SO4)의 경우는 농도가 30%이상인 농황산을 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 투입하여 산염용해율을 극대화한다. According to the present invention, the first step (S1) is characterized in that the tin-containing waste and the sulfuric acid solution having a concentration of 50% or less are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0. Preferably, in the case of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), concentrated sulfuric acid having a concentration of 30% or more is added at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0 to maximize the acid dissolution rate.

다음 상기와 같이 3~5시간 반응 후 반응물을 채취하여 식별하고 미세한 산불용분만이 잔존하면(금속산화물이 음이온으로 변하지 않는 금속은 산용액과 반응하지 않는다.) 반응이 끝났으므로 이 산불용분을 여과하여 주석산염용액과 분리한다. 한편 잔사에는 산불용분과 무기산 미반응분이 포함되어 있으므로 목적에 따라 처리하게 된다. 여액의 주성분은 주석산염용액이므로 주석을 석출하기 위해 교반기를 회전하면서 아연분말을 소량씩 투입한다.If the reaction product is sampled after 3 ~ 5 hours reaction as described above, and only fine powder for burning is left (the metal which does not convert the metal oxide into the anion does not react with the acid solution) And separated from the stannate solution. On the other hand, residues include fire retardants and inorganic non-reacted components, so they are treated according to the purpose. Since the main component of the filtrate is a stannate solution, a small amount of zinc powder is added while rotating the stirrer to precipitate tin.

즉 제2단계(S2)에서는 상기 주석산염용액에 아연분말(40)을 투입하여 이온화경향에 따른 주석성분을 석출시키게 된다. 이는 상기 주석산염용액에 아연분말을 투입한 후 교반을 멈추면 2-3분 후 스펀지 상의 주석(금속)분말이 용액의 표면으로 부유한다. 이때 수소가스 발생과 함께 산용액도 배출이 됨으로 가스를 포집하여 세정흡수과정을 거쳐 처리하는 것이 바람직하다.That is, in the second step S2, the zinc powder 40 is added to the stannate solution to precipitate the tin component according to the ionization tendency. This is because when the zinc powder is added to the stannate solution and the stirring is stopped, the tin (metal) powder on the sponge floats on the surface of the solution after 2-3 minutes. At this time, since the acid solution is discharged along with the generation of the hydrogen gas, it is preferable that the gas is collected and treated through the cleaning absorption process.

이렇게 생성된 주석(금속)분말은 제3단계(S3)에서 이물질을 여과하고 또 깨끗이 세척 및 수세과정을 거친다. 이때 세척수의 pH가 4~5pH정도로 될 때까지 세척한 후 건조시켜 수분을 제거한다.The tin (metal) powder thus formed is filtered in the third step (S3), and cleaned and washed. At this time, the washing water is washed until the pH of the washing water becomes about 4 ~ 5 pH, and then the water is removed by drying.

한편 이온화경향에 따른 금속석출은 다음의 이론에 따라 그 크기가 분류되고 금속 이온화 경향의 크기를 표시하면 Li, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cd, Co, Ni, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au의 순서이다. 이에 금속의 이온화경향이란 금속이 물 또는 수용액 중에서 전자를 방출하여 양이온이 되는 성질로서 이온화경향이 큰 경우 양이온으로 되기 쉽고 이온화경향이 작은 경우 양이온으로 되기 어렵다. 즉 이온화경향이 작은 금속이온을 포함한 수용액에 이온화경향이 큰 금속을 넣으면 이온화 경향이 큰 금속이 산화하여 용해되고 이온화경향이 작은 금속은 금속으로 환원되어 석출한다. On the other hand, the metal precipitation according to the ionization tendency is classified according to the following theories and the size of the metal ionization tendency is represented as Li, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, and Au. The ionization tendency of a metal means that the metal becomes a cation by releasing electrons in water or an aqueous solution. When the ionization tendency is large, it tends to become a cation, and when the ionization tendency is small, it is difficult to become a cation. That is, when a metal having a high ionization tendency is put into an aqueous solution containing a metal ion having a low ionization tendency, a metal having a high ionization tendency is oxidized and dissolved, and a metal having a low ionization tendency is reduced to a metal and precipitated.

한편 이렇게 석출된 주석(금속)성분은 나노입자크기의 미세한 크기로 수많은 기공과 함께 스펀지 상으로 석출되어지는 데 이를 금속으로 용융하기 위해 열을 가하면 표면 산화가 일어나 흐름성이 나빠져 금속으로의 재생이 어려워진다. 여기서 석출된 주석성분에 융제를 함께 투입해 열을 가하면 흐름성이 개선되어 금속으로서의 재생이 용이하다. 상기 융제란 열을 가했을 때 흐름성을 개선하거나 산화, 환원성을 가진 물질로서 금속의 용융점을 낮추어주는 특징이 있으며, 흐름성 개선을 위한 융제는 소다회, 염화아연(ZnCl2) 등이 있고 산화, 환원특성의 융제로는 규석, 석화석 등이 있다. On the other hand, the precipitated tin (metal) component has a fine size of nanoparticle size and is precipitated in a sponge with numerous pores. When heat is applied to melt the metal, surface oxidation occurs and flowability is deteriorated. It gets harder. When a flux is added to the precipitated tin component and heat is applied thereto, the flowability is improved, and it is easy to regenerate as a metal. The flux is characterized by improving the flowability when heated, or by lowering the melting point of the metal as a substance having oxidation and reduction properties. The flux for improving the flowability is soda ash and zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) Fusion of the characteristic is silica, stone fossil and so on.

이에 상기 제4단계(S4)에서는 석출된 스펀지 상의 주석성분과 융제를 함께 가열로(50)에 투입하고 주석(금속)의 융점인 237℃이상으로 가열하면 주석(금속)은 액상의 주석용융액으로 되고 기타금속은 고상으로 존재하므로 쉽게 분리시켜 회수할 수 있다. 이렇게 회수된 주석덩어리는 불순물을 1차 분리한 고순도의 주석이다. 다음, 상기 제4단계는 주석성분에 여전히 남아 있는 미량의 불순물을 정제하기 위해서는 주석덩어리를 다시 액상으로 용융시켜 유황(S)을 첨가함으로써 주석을 제외한 아연(Zn), 구리(Cu), 철(Fe) 등의 불순물은 유화물로서 제거가 되고 99%이상의 순도 높은 주석(금속)만을 분리하여 냉각 후 주석괴(덩어리)로 제조된다.(S5)
In the fourth step S4, when the tin component and the flux on the deposited sponge are fed together into the heating furnace 50 and heated to a melting point of 237 ° C or higher which is the melting point of tin (metal), the tin (metal) And other metals exist in solid phase, so they can be easily separated and recovered. The recovered tin lump is a high purity tin obtained by firstly separating impurities. Next, in the fourth step, in order to purify a trace amount of impurities still remaining in the tin component, the tin lump is melted again in the liquid phase to add sulfur (S), thereby removing zinc (Zn), copper Fe) is removed as an emulsion, and only tin (metal) having a purity of 99% or more is separated and cooled to produce a tin block (S5). (S5)

이하에서는 본 발명의 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법에 따른 바람직한 제1실시 예와 제2실시 예를 설명하기로 한다. 먼저 본 실시 예에 따르는 주석함유폐기물은 주석의 함유량(중량%)이 10%이상인 것으로, 이는 주석함유폐기물의 성분분석결과를 토대로 한 주석함유량을 기준으로 하여 작성된 것이다.
Hereinafter, preferred first and second preferred embodiments of the method for recovering and separating tin metal by 98% or more from the tin-containing waste of the present invention will be described. First, the tin-containing waste according to this embodiment has a tin content (wt%) of 10% or more, which is based on the tin content based on the composition analysis results of the tin-containing waste.

주석 600g이 함유되어 있는 주석도금 슬러지 1kg과 40%농도의 황산용액을 중량비 1:1.2의 비율로 반응기에 투입하여 교반하면서 산용해한 후 여과하여 산불용분을 제거한다. 이후 아연분말 360g을 투입하고 교반하여 스펀지 상 주석분말을 얻은 후 융제인 염화아연 18g을 섞은 후 주석 용융점(237℃) 부근인 300~400℃의 낮은 온도에서 가열하여 주석용융액을 만든다. 이 주석용융액에 유황 10g을 투입하여 불순물을 정제한 다음 냉각시켜서 주석괴 590g(회수율98.3%)이 회수된다. 1 kg of tin-plated sludge containing 600 g of tin and a sulfuric acid solution of 40% concentration are charged into the reactor at a ratio of 1: 1.2 by weight and dissolved by acidic stirring while stirring to remove the acid rain. Then, 360 g of zinc powder is added and stirred to obtain sponge-like tin powder. 18 g of zinc chloride as a flux is mixed and heated at a low temperature of 300 to 400 ° C. near the melting point of tin (237 ° C.) to prepare a tin melt. 10 g of sulfur was added to the tin melt to purify the impurities and then cooled to recover 590 g of tin ingots (recovery rate 98.3%).

이렇게 생산된 주석괴를 분석한 결과 주석함량 99,58%의 고순도를 얻는다.
The tin content of 99.58% is obtained by analyzing the produced tin mass.

주석 150g을 가진 주석슬래그 1kg과 35%농도의 염산용액을 중량비 1:1.2의 비율로 산용해한 후 여과하여 산불용분을 분리한 다음 아연분말 99g을 투입하고 교반하여 스펀지 상의 주석(금속)성분을 얻은 후 수세액의 pH가 4가 될 때까지 수세하고 여과 및 건조한다. 이 주석성분에 융제인 소다회와 염화아연을 각각 5g씩 섞은 후 300~400℃의 낮은 온도로 가열하여 주석용융액을 만들고 이 주석용융액에 유황 5g을 투입하여 정제하고 냉각한 후 주석괴 147g(회수율98%)이 회수된다. 이렇게 생산된 주석괴를 분석한 결과 주석함량 99.71%의 고순도 주석을 얻는다.
1 kg of tin slag having 150 g of tin and hydrochloric acid solution of 35% concentration were dissolved in acid at a ratio of 1: 1.2 by weight and then filtered to separate the fire-fighting fractions. Then, 99 g of zinc powder was added and stirred to obtain tin (metal) Wash with water until the pH of the after-wash solution becomes 4, and filter and dry. 5 g of fluxes and 5 g of zinc chloride were mixed with the tin components and heated to a low temperature of 300 to 400 ° C. to prepare a tin melt. 5 g of sulfur was added to the tin melt to purify and cool. Then, 147 g of tin %) Is recovered. Analysis of the produced tin mass yields high purity tin with a tin content of 99.71%.

10:주석함유폐기물 20:비산화성 무기산 30:반응기
40:아연분말 50:가열로 60:융제
Sn:주석괴
10: tin-containing waste 20: non-oxidizing inorganic acid 30: reactor
40: zinc powder 50: heating furnace 60: flux
Sn: Tin bars

Claims (4)

주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법에 있어서,
주석함유폐기물(용질)과 농도가 50%이하인 황산 또는 농도가 50%이하인 염산 중에서 선택된 것인 비산화성 무기산(용매)을 중량비 1:1~1:2.0의 비율로 반응기에 투입하고 혼합하여 주석산염용액을 만드는 제1단계(S1);
상기 주석산염용액에 아연분말을 투입하여 이온화경향에 따른 주석성분을 석출하는 제2단계(S2);
상기와 같이 석출된 주석성분을 여과하는 제3단계(S3);
상기의 주석성분을 융제와 함께 가열로에 투입하고 300~400℃로 가열하여 주석용융액을 만드는 제4단계(S4);로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법.
A method for recovering and separating tin metal in a tin-containing waste by wet extraction at 98% or more,
The non-oxidizing inorganic acid (solvent) selected from sulfuric acid having a concentration of 50% or less and hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 50% or less (solvent) is added to the reactor at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.0, A first step (S1) of making a solution;
A second step (S2) of adding zinc powder to the stannate solution to precipitate a tin component according to the ionization tendency;
A third step (S3) of filtering the precipitated tin component as described above;
And a fourth step (S4) of adding the tin component to the heating furnace together with the flux and heating the tin component to a temperature of 300 to 400 ° C to produce a tin melt. The tin- How to recover and separate.
삭제delete 삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,
상기 주석용융액에 유황을 투입하여 불순물을 정제하는 제5단계(S5);로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 주석함유폐기물에서 습식추출로 주석금속을 98%이상 회수분리하는 방법.
The method according to claim 1,
And a fifth step (S5) of adding sulfur to the tin melt to purify the impurities. The method of recovering and separating tin metal by wet extraction in 98% or more from the tin containing waste.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101827051B1 (en) 2014-03-31 2018-02-07 제이엑스금속주식회사 Method of leaching metal oxide

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2671276B2 (en) 1986-08-29 1997-10-29 日鉱金属 株式会社 How to treat copper scrap
JPH1136020A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-02-09 Justy:Kk Treatment of waste printed circuit board
JPH11217634A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-10 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Recovery of metallic tin from tin-containing waste
KR101079532B1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-11-03 김경선 Method for separating solid tin compound from waste lead containing bismuth (Bi) and recovering high purity tin (Sn) from it

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2671276B2 (en) 1986-08-29 1997-10-29 日鉱金属 株式会社 How to treat copper scrap
JPH1136020A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-02-09 Justy:Kk Treatment of waste printed circuit board
JPH11217634A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-10 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Recovery of metallic tin from tin-containing waste
KR101079532B1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-11-03 김경선 Method for separating solid tin compound from waste lead containing bismuth (Bi) and recovering high purity tin (Sn) from it

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101827051B1 (en) 2014-03-31 2018-02-07 제이엑스금속주식회사 Method of leaching metal oxide

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