KR101444200B1 - Improving method for flame retardancy of carbonized board made of wood-based panels - Google Patents

Improving method for flame retardancy of carbonized board made of wood-based panels Download PDF

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KR101444200B1
KR101444200B1 KR1020130043268A KR20130043268A KR101444200B1 KR 101444200 B1 KR101444200 B1 KR 101444200B1 KR 1020130043268 A KR1020130043268 A KR 1020130043268A KR 20130043268 A KR20130043268 A KR 20130043268A KR 101444200 B1 KR101444200 B1 KR 101444200B1
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board
carbonized
carbonized board
wood
flame retardancy
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Korean (ko)
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박상범
손동원
김종인
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대한민국
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/06Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/08Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wooden panel, wherein a wooden panel such as a medium density fiber board or a particle board is used in order to produce a carbonized board at a high temperature of 800 deg. C or more, and a liquid mixed with water glass and ocher powder is coated on both surfaces of the carbonized board so that flame retardancy is improved. The method according to the present invention has improved flame retardancy through the steps of: producing a wooden panel such as a blockboard, a particle board, and a medium density fiber board; carbonizing the wooden panel in a carbonizing furnace; producing a carbonized board by naturally cooling the carbonizing furnace; and coating both surfaces of the carbonized board with a liquid mixed with water glass and ocher powder and drying the same in order to have flame retardancy. In the carbonizing step, a temperature increasing speed in the carbonizing furnace and a set temperature in the carbonizing furnace are respectively maintained at 50-100deg. C/hr and 800-1,000deg. C for 2-3 hours.

Description

목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법{Improving method for flame retardancy of carbonized board made of wood-based panels}TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood-

본 발명은 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성을 개선하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는, 중밀도섬유판 또는 파티클보드와 같은 목질패널을 사용하여 800℃ 이상의 고온에서 탄화보드를 제조한 후 탄화보드의 양면에 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 코팅하여 난연성능을 향상시키는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood-based panel, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a carbonized board by using a wood-like panel such as a medium density fiber board or a particle board, The present invention relates to a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood-based panel which improves flame retardancy by coating a mixture of water glass and loess powder on both sides of the board.

과거 단순히 연료로서만 사용되던 숯이 현재는 생활자재, 건강자재, 환경자재, 건축자재, 식품자재 등 실로 다양한 분야에서 광범위하게 활용되고 있다. 목재는 가열온도의 상승에 의해 목재의 특성으로부터 벗어나 800℃ 이상의 온도를 경과한 목탄은 탄소재료와 같이 내열, 내화, 내산화, 내열충격, 내생물열화 등의 제반 특성이 뛰어날 뿐만 아니라 높은 치수안정성을 보유한다. 또한 유해물질에 대한 흡착성이나 내생물열화성이 우수하므로 환경정화재료의 소재나 거주환경 제어재료의 소재로 활발하게 이용되고 있다.
Charcoal, which was used only as a fuel in the past, is now widely used in various fields such as living materials, health materials, environmental materials, building materials, and food materials. The wood is deviated from the characteristics of the wood by the rise of the heating temperature, and the charcoal which passed the temperature of 800 ℃ or more has various characteristics such as heat resistance, fire resistance, oxidation resistance, thermal shock resistance and endurance deterioration as well as carbon material, . In addition, it has been widely used as a material for environmental purification materials and a material for control of living environment because it has excellent adsorbability to harmful substances and resistance to biological bio-degradation.

한편, 목재 방화문은 외관상 미려하고 친환경 자재가 가지는 장점을 바탕으로 점차 사용이 늘어나는 추세이다. 그러나, 현재의 목재 방화문는 대부분 멜라민 시트가 부착된 중밀도 또는 고밀도섬유판(MDF, HDF)의 표면과 광물질 소재(마그네슘보드, 석고보드) 등의 심재(芯材)를 사용하기 때문에 무게가 무겁고, 화재시에는 유해가스가 발생하기 때문에 인체 친화적이라 할 수 없다. 이들 유·무기질 재료 대신 흡착, 내열, 무연, 전자파 차폐, 원적외선 방출 등 인체 및 환경친화적인 기능을 가진 탄화보드를 사용한 목재 방화문의 개발 필요성이 절실하다고 하겠다. 그러나 현재 제조되는 탄화보드는 난연3급(난연)의 수준에 머물고 있어서 방화문의 소재로 활용하기에는 난연성능이 부족한 실정이다.
On the other hand, the use of wooden fire doors is gradually increasing on the basis of the advantages of beautiful and environmentally friendly materials. However, the present wood fireproof doors are mostly heavy because they use a medium density or high density fiberboard (MDF, HDF) surface with melamine sheet and a core material such as mineral material (magnesium board, gypsum board) Because it generates harmful gas, it can not be said to be human-friendly. Instead of these mineral and mineral materials, there is a need to develop wood fire doors using carbonized boards with human and environmentally friendly functions such as adsorption, heat resistance, lead-free, electromagnetic shielding, and far-infrared radiation. However, currently manufactured carbonized boards are at the level of flame retardant grade 3 (flame retardant), so that the flame retardant performance is insufficient to be used as a material of fireproof doors.

본 출원인(산림청 국립산림과학원)은 산림, 임업, 목재산업에 관한 연구를 수행하는 국가연구기관으로서, 목재와 관련된 많은 기술을 개발 보급하였고 또한 지금도 끊임없는 연구 개발을 하고 있는데, 최근 합판, 파티클보드(PB; Particle Board), 중밀도섬유판(MDF; Medium Density Fibreboard)과 같은 목질패널(wood-based panels)을 이용하여 탄화보드를 제조하는 새로운 기술을 개발하였다.
The present applicant (National Forestry Academy of Forest Service) is a national research institute that conducts research on forestry, forestry, and wood industry. It has developed and distributed many technologies related to timber and has been continuously researching and developing. We have developed a new technology for manufacturing carbonized boards using wood-based panels such as PB (Particle Board) and Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF).

탄화보드는 목탄과 같이 다공질(porous) 구조를 가지며, 포름알데히드에 대한 높은 흡착성, 수분에 대한 조습성과 치수안정성, 화재에 대한 높은 난연성 및 전자파 차폐성 등 다양한 특성을 가지며, 탄화보드는 탄화과정에서 휘발성의 접착제 성분은 모두 타버리고 탄소 결정체로 변하므로 유해한 성분은 전혀 남아 있지 않는 특징을 지니고 있다. 이와 같은 목질패널을 이용한 탄화보드의 제조와 관련된 기술로는 특허등록 제776545호 '목질 패널류를 이용한 유해 VOC 흡착 탄화패널 및 그 제조방법', 특허등록 제813672호 'VOC 제거용 탄화보드', 특허등록 제813673호 '전자파 차폐보드의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 전자파 차폐보드', 특허등록 제1047315호 '목질패널로 제조한 난연 탄화보드 및 그 제조방법' 등의 많은 기술이 개발되었다.
The carbonized board has a porous structure such as charcoal and has various characteristics such as high adsorption to formaldehyde, humidity control and moisture stability to moisture, high fire resistance to fire and electromagnetic wave shielding, and the carbonized board is volatile All of the adhesive components are burned and turned into carbon crystals, so that no harmful components remain. Techniques relating to the manufacture of carbonized boards using such wood-based panels include Patent No. 776545 entitled " Harmful VOC Adsorbed Carbon Panel Using Ligneous Panels and Method for Manufacturing the Same ", Patent Registration No. 813672, Carbonization Board for Removing VOC, Patent No. 813673 'Method of manufacturing electromagnetic wave shielding board and electromagnetic wave shielding board using the same', patent registration No. 1047315 'Flame retarded carbonized board made of wood panel and method of manufacturing the same' have been developed.

하지만 지금까지 탄화보드와 관련하여 출현한 대부분의 특허들은 탄화보드의 제조 및 이용에 관한 것으로, 이들 탄화보드는 인체에 해로운 유해물질의 흡착 등에는 효과가 있으나 난연성능에 있어서는 난연성인 난연3급 수준이기 때문에 방화문과 같이 난연2급(준불연) 수준 이상의 성능을 요하는 용도에는 사용할 수 없다는 문제가 있다.
However, most of the patents that have emerged in relation to carbonization boards have been concerned with the manufacture and use of carbonized boards. These carbonized boards are effective for adsorption of harmful substances which are harmful to human body, but they are not flame retardant, There is a problem in that it can not be used for applications requiring a performance equal to or higher than that of flame retardant grade 2 (semi-inflammable) like a fire door.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은, 1차로 중밀도섬유판 또는 파티클보드와 같은 목질패널을 사용하여 800℃ 이상의 고온에서 탄화보드(난연3급, 난연)를 제조한 후, 2차로 탄화보드의 양면에 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 코팅하여 탄화보드의 난연성능을 난연2급(준불연)으로 개선시킬 수 있는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법을 제공하기 위한 것이다.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a carbonized board (flame retardant grade 3, flame retardant) at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher using a ligneous panel such as a medium density fiber board or a particle board, And a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of wood-based panels that can improve the flame retardant performance of a carbonized board to a level 2 (semi-flame-retardant) by coating a mixture of water glass and ocher powder on both sides of a second- .

상기와 같은 과제 해결을 위해 본 발명에 따른 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법은, 합판, 파티클보드(Particle Board), 중밀도섬유판(Medium Density Fiberboard)과 같은 목질패널을 제조하는 단계; 상기 목질패널을 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계; 탄화로를 자연냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조하는 단계; 탄화보드의 양면을 물유리와 황토분말을 혼합한 혼합액으로 코팅하고 건조시키는 난연처리단계를 거쳐서 탄화보드의 난연성을 향상시키며, 상기 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계에서는 탄화로의 승온속도를 50∼100℃/hr, 탄화로의 설정온도를 800∼1,000℃부근에서 2∼3시간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
In order to solve the above problems, a method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood panel according to the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing a wood panel such as a plywood, a particle board and a medium density fiberboard; Carbonizing the wood panel in a carbonization furnace; Naturally cooling the carbonization furnace to produce a carbonized board; The flame retardancy of the carbonized board is improved through a flame retarding treatment step in which both surfaces of the carbonized board are coated with a mixture of water glass and ocher powder and dried. In the step of carbonizing the carbonized board, the rate of temperature rise of the carbonized furnace is controlled to 50 to 100 ° C / hr and the set temperature of the carbonization furnace at about 800 to 1,000 DEG C for 2 to 3 hours.

바람직하게는, 탄화로를 자연냉각하는 단계에서는 탄화로의 온도를 80∼100℃까지 자연냉각시킨다.
Preferably, in the step of naturally cooling the carbonization furnace, the temperature of the carbonization furnace is naturally cooled to 80 to 100 占 폚.

바람직하게는, 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액은 물유리 20∼30 중량%, 황토분말 35∼45 중량%, 물 30∼40 중량%의 비율로 혼합한 것이며, 난연처리단계에서는 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 탄화보드에 도포하고 상온에서 건조시키는 과정을 1∼2회 반복하고, 100∼110℃에서 수분을 증발시켜 완전히 경화시킨다.
Preferably, the mixture of water glass and ocher powder is a mixture of 20 to 30 wt% of water glass, 35 to 45 wt% of loess powder, and 30 to 40 wt% of water. In the flame retarding treatment step, a mixture of water glass and ocher powder The process of coating on a carbonized board and drying at room temperature is repeated 1 to 2 times, and water is evaporated at 100 to 110 ° C to completely cure.

상기와 같은 특징을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법은, 유기물이나 접착제 등 다른 혼합물이 전혀 섞여 있지 않은 100% 숯으로만 만들어진 탄화보드에 황토를 코팅한 것이기 때문에, 인체에 유해하거나 불쾌한 냄새를 탈취하고 원적외선을 방출하여 실내공기의 질을 개선시킬 뿐만 아니라 건축내장재의 포름알데히드와 시멘트의 암모니아 독성을 완화시키고 전자파를 차폐시키는 탄화보드의 특성을 그대로 가지면서, 난연처리에 의해 탄화보드가 난연2급(준불연) 수준으로 난연성능이 향상되어 목재 방화문 뿐만 아니라 우수한 난연성능을 요하는 건축내장용 마감자재 등으로 활용할 수 있다.
The method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood panel according to the present invention having the above characteristics is characterized in that the carbonized board made of 100% charcoal which is not mixed with any other mixture such as organic material or adhesive is coated with loess, It not only improves indoor air quality by releasing harmful or unpleasant smell to the human body, radiates far-infrared rays, but also alleviates ammonia toxicity of formaldehyde and cement in building interior materials and has the characteristics of carbonized board that shields electromagnetic waves. , The carbonized board is improved to the level of flame retardant grade 2 (semi-flammable) and can be utilized not only as a wood fire door but also as an interior finishing material requiring an excellent flame retardant performance.

도 1은 탄화보드와 황토 코팅한 탄화보드의 시간에 따른 총방출열량(THR)을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 2는 탄화보드와 황토 코팅한 탄화보드의 시간에 따른 최대열방출률(PHHR)을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 3은 탄화보드와 황토 코팅한 탄화보드의 시간에 따른 중량감소를 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 4는 탄화보드의 표면 섬유와 공극을 전자현미경으로 촬영한 사진이다(배율 250배).
도 5는 탄화보드의 1,000℃에서 탄화에 따른 치수, 중량, 부피 및 밀도감소율을 나타낸 그래프이다.
1 is a graph showing total heat release rate (THR) with time of a carbonized board and a carbonized board coated with yellow clay.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the maximum heat release rate (PHHR) of the carbonized board and the carbonized board coated with the loess.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the weight loss of the carbonized board and the carbonized board coated with the yellow clay over time.
4 is a photograph (magnification: 250 times) of a surface fiber and a void of a carbonized board taken by an electron microscope.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the dimensional, weight, volume, and density reduction rates of the carbonized board at 1,000 ° C. according to carbonization.

본 발명에 따른 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법의 기술적 특징은, 중밀도섬유판 또는 파티클보드와 같은 목질패널을 사용하여 탄화보드를 제조한 후 탄화보드의 양면에 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 코팅하여 난연3급(난연)인 탄화보드를 난연2급(준불연)으로 난연성능을 현저히 향상시켰다는 점이다.
Technical features of the method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood panel according to the present invention are as follows. A carbonized board is produced using a wood panel such as a medium density fiber board or a particle board, and a mixture of water glass and ocher (Flame retardant) carbonized board is flame retarded grade 2 (semi-flame retardant), and the flame retardant performance is remarkably improved.

본 발명에 따른 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법은 목질패널을 제조하는 단계, 상기 목질패널을 탄화하는 단계, 탄화한 목질패널을 냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조하는 단계, 상기 탄화보드를 난연처리단계를 거쳐서 제조한다.
A method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of a wood panel according to the present invention includes the steps of producing a wood panel, carbonizing the wood panel, cooling the carbonized wood panel to produce a carbonized board, Processing step.

목질패널을 제조하는 단계에서는 나무와 무기질 및 접착제를 혼합한 원료를 원하는 형상으로 압축 성형한 다음, 경화단계와 냉각단계를 거쳐 합판, 파티클보드, 중밀도섬유판과 같은 목질패널을 제조하는데, 이와 같은 목질패널을 제조하는 기술은 이미 공지되어 있는 것이고, 목질패널을 제조하는 구체적인 방법이 본 발명에서 보호받고자 하는 대상이 아니기 때문에 상세한 설명은 생략한다.
In the step of manufacturing the woody panel, the raw material mixed with the wood, the inorganic material and the adhesive is compression-molded into a desired shape and then the woody panel such as a plywood, a particle board and a medium density fiber board is produced through a curing step and a cooling step. Techniques for manufacturing woody panels are well known, and detailed descriptions are omitted because the specific methods of manufacturing woody panels are not intended to be protected by the present invention.

탄화하는 단계에서는 상기와 같이 제조한 목질패널을 전통식 숯가마 또는 전기로와 같은 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계인데, 탄화로에서 목질패널을 탄소로 매몰하거나 알루미늄 호일로 감싸서 산소를 최대한 차단시킨 조건에서 탄화시킨 다음, 탄화로를 냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조한다. 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계에서는, 탄화로의 승온속도를 50∼100℃/hr로 하여 탄화로의 설정온도를 800∼1,000℃ 부근에서 2∼3시간 유지한다.
In the carbonization step, the wood panel produced as described above is carbonized in a carbonization furnace such as a conventional charcoal kiln or an electric furnace. In the carbonization furnace, the wood panel is buried with carbon or wrapped with aluminum foil, , The carbonization furnace is cooled to produce a carbonized board. In the step of carbonizing in the carbonization furnace, the set temperature of the carbonization furnace is maintained at about 800 to 1,000 DEG C for 2 to 3 hours at a heating rate of 50 to 100 DEG C / hr.

탄화로에서 승온속도를 50℃/hr 이하로 하여 승온속도를 너무 느리게 하면 탄화보드의 제조에는 문제가 없으나 장시간이 소요되어 비경제적이며, 승온속도가 100℃/hr 이상으로 너무 빠르면 급속탄화가 이루어져 탄화하는 과정에서 뒤틀림이나 쪼개지는 현상이 관찰되어 바람직하지 못하다.
If the heating rate is set to 50 ° C / hr or less in the carbonization furnace and the heating rate is too slow, there is no problem in the production of the carbonized board, but it takes a long time and is not economical. If the heating rate is 100 ° C / hr or more, rapid carbonization occurs It is undesirable to observe a phenomenon of warping or splitting during the carbonization process.

또한, 탄화로의 온도를 800℃에서 1,000℃로 2∼3시간 유지하는 것이 바람직한데, 이와 같이 함으로써 탄화보드가 난연성을 최대로 발휘하게 된다. MDF로 제조한 탄화보드의 경우, 탄화온도를 800℃ 이하로 하여 제조된 경우에는 연소 후 탄화보드의 표면에 할렬이 발생하지만, 800℃ 이상에서는 표면이 약간 백색으로 그을리는 것 이외는 아무런 변화가 없기 때문에 이 온도가 적당하며, 특히 전통식 숯가마나 전기로에서 800℃ 이상에서 제조된 탄화보드는 난연성을 지닌 실내건축 마감재로서의 충분한 성능을 발휘한다. 탄화온도를 800℃ 이상에서 제조하면 화재에 견디는 성질은 더욱 개선되지만 800℃ 정도면 KS-ISO의 실내마감용 건축재료의 난연3급 기준을 만족하므로 난연성을 부여하는 온도조건으로서 전통식 숯가마나 전기로에서는 800∼1000℃에서 제조하는 것이 가장 경제적이다.
In addition, it is preferable to maintain the temperature of the carbonization furnace at 800 캜 to 1,000 캜 for 2 to 3 hours. By doing so, the carbonization board exhibits the maximum flame retardancy. In the case of a carbonized board made of MDF, if the carbonization temperature is set to 800 ° C. or lower, the surface of the carbonized board after burning is split, but at 800 ° C. or higher, the surface is slightly whitened , The temperature is suitable. In particular, the carbonized board manufactured at 800 ° C or higher in a conventional charcoal kiln or electric furnace exhibits sufficient performance as a flame-retardant interior construction finish. If the carbonization temperature is higher than 800 ℃, the resistance to fire will be improved. However, if the temperature is about 800 ℃, it satisfies the flame retardant grade of KS-ISO for building materials for interior finishing. It is most economical to manufacture at 800 to 1000 占 폚.

상기와 같이 탄화시킨 다음 냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조하는데, 이때 탄화로는 탄화로의 온도를 80∼100℃까지 자연냉각시켜 균열을 방지하고 작업자의 안전을 도모하여야 한다. 만일 서서히 자연냉각시키지 않고 액체질소 또는 드라이아이스 등으로 급속 냉각시키면 탄화보드에 균열이 생길 수 있고 100℃ 이상의 고온에서는 작업자의 안전을 보장할 수 없다는 문제가 있다.
Carbonization as described above is followed by cooling to produce a carbonized board. At this time, the carbonization furnace is required to naturally cool the carbonization furnace to 80 to 100 ° C to prevent cracking and to secure the safety of the operator. If carbon black is rapidly cooled with liquid nitrogen or dry ice without gradually cooling it naturally, cracks may be generated in the carbonized board and there is a problem that the safety of the operator can not be guaranteed at a high temperature of 100 ° C or more.

이와 같이 제조된 탄화보드는 전통식 숯가마나 전기로 등 어느 시설을 이용하더라도 할렬과 변형이 없는 넓은 판상의 탄화패널의 제조가 가능하여 대량으로 생산할 수 있어서 산업적 경제적 가치가 매우 높으며, 제조된 경량의 난연 탄화보드는 포름알데히드, 암모니아 등 유해 화학물질에 대한 흡착성이 매우 높아 싱크, 가구, 책장 등 새집증후군의 대상이 되는 목제품의 포름알데히드 제거에 활용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 실내공기정화를 위한 다양한 제품으로 활용이 가능하다.
The carbonized board manufactured in this manner is capable of producing a wide plate-like carbonized panel having no segregation and deformation even if a facility such as a traditional charcoal kiln or an electric furnace is used, so that it can be produced in a large quantity and has a very high industrial and economic value. Carbonized board is highly adsorbed to harmful chemicals such as formaldehyde and ammonia, so it can be used for removing formaldehyde from wood products that are subject to sick house syndrome such as sinks, furniture, bookshelves, etc., as well as various products for indoor air purification It is possible.

상기와 같이 제조된 탄화보드의 난연성을 향상시키기 위해 난연처리단계를 거치는데, 난연처리단계에서는 탄화보드의 양면에 물유리와 황토분말을 혼합한 혼합액으로 코팅하고 건조하는 과정을 거치게 된다. 황토는 불에 타지 않는 무기질 재료로 난연성을 개선하는 한편 흑색 탄화보드의 표면 색상을 개선하기 위해 사용된다. 황토분말의 입자 크기는 325㎛ 이하의 미세분말을 사용하여 도 4의 사진에서 보듯이 탄화보드의 섬유간 틈새나 미세공극(micropore)에 잘 스며들게 하는 것이 바람직하다.
In order to improve the flame retardancy of the manufactured carbonized board, a flame-retarding treatment step is performed. In the flame-retarding treatment step, a mixture of water glass and ocher powder is coated on both surfaces of the carbonized board and dried. Loess is used to improve flame retardancy with non-combustible inorganic materials while improving the surface color of black carbonized boards. It is preferable that fine grains having a particle size of 325 占 퐉 or less are used as the grains of the loess powder so that they are easily impregnated into the interstices or micropore of the fibers of the carbonized board as shown in the photograph of Fig.

물유리는 황토와 탄화보드간의 접착력의 유발하여 황토의 탈락방지와 내화성 향상의 목적으로 사용되는데, 물유리는 규사(珪砂)와 소다회(灰)의 혼합물을 1,300∼1,500℃에서 용융해서 생긴 것을 저압 증기솥에서 처리하여 얻는다. 공기 속에서는 이산화탄소를 흡수해서 겔 모양의 규산이 석출되므로 강한 접착력을 보이기 때문에 접착제, 접합제, 내화(耐火)시멘트 등의 원료로도 사용된다.
Water glass is used for prevention of falling off of loess and improvement of fire resistance by inducing adhesion between loess and carbonized board. The water glass is made by melting a mixture of silica sand and soda ash at 1,300 ~ 1,500 ℃. . In the air, since it absorbs carbon dioxide and gel-like silicic acid precipitates, it shows strong adhesive force and is also used as a raw material for adhesives, bonding agents, and refractory cements.

물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액은 물유리와 황토분말 및 물을 혼합한 것인데, 물유리 20∼30중량%, 황토분말 35∼45중량%, 물 30∼40중량%의 비율로 혼합한 것이 바람직하고, 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 탄화보드에 도포하고 상온에서 건조시키는 과정을 1∼2회 반복하며, 마지막으로 100∼110℃에서 수분을 증발시켜 완전히 경화시키는 것이 바람직하다.
The mixture of water glass and ocher powder is a mixture of water glass, ocher powder and water. It is preferably mixed at a ratio of 20 to 30 wt% of water glass, 35 to 45 wt% of loess powder and 30 to 40 wt% of water, It is preferable that the process of applying the mixture of the loess powder to the carbonized board and drying at room temperature is repeated 1 to 2 times and finally the water is evaporated at 100 to 110 ° C to be completely cured.

이하에서는 MDF 탄화보드의 난연성 부여 과정에 대하여 설명한다.
Hereinafter, the process of imparting flame retardancy to the MDF carbonized board will be described.

(1) 탄화보드의 제조(1) Manufacture of carbonized boards

전기로에서 중밀도섬유판(가로 40cm 세로 40cm 두께 12mm, 밀도 0.55g/㎤)을 시간당 승온속도 50℃, 설정온도 1,000℃, 최고온도 유지시간 2시간의 조건에서 탄화한 후, 80℃로 자연냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조하였다. 1,000℃ 탄화 전후 중밀도섬유판의 치수, 중량 및 밀도변화를 조사한 결과, 가로 감소율 20.9%, 세로 감소율 22.0%, 두께 감소율 43.7%, 부피 감소율 65.4%, 중량 감소율 74.1%, 밀도 감소율 25.2%를 나타내었다(도 5 참조).
In an electric furnace, a medium density fiber board (40 cm wide by 40 cm wide and 40 cm thick by 12 mm thick, density: 0.55 g / cm 3) was carbonized under the conditions of a heating rate of 50 ° C. per hour, a set temperature of 1,000 ° C. and a maximum temperature holding time of 2 hours, To prepare a carbonized board. Weight, density, and density of carbon fiber before and after carbonization at 1000 ℃ were 20.9%, 22.0%, 43.7%, 65.4%, 74.1% and 25.2%, respectively. (See FIG. 5).

(2) 탄화보드의 난연성 시험(도 1 내지 3 참조)(2) Flame Retardancy Test of Carbonized Board (refer to Figs. 1 to 3)

콘칼로리미터에 의해 1,000℃에서 제조한 탄화보드의 연소성 시험을 50kW/㎡의 가열조건에서 실시하였다. 5분 가열 후 탄화보드의 총방출열량(THR)은 2MJ/㎡였고, 최대열방출률(PHHR)은 10초 이상 20kW/㎡를 초과하지 않았고, 방화상 유해한 관통 균열 구멍 등이 발생하지 않았으며 중량감소는 거의 무시할 수준으로 낮았다. 즉, 1,000℃에서 제조한 탄화보드는 난연3급(난연)의 등급을 만족하는 난연재료적인 성질을 갖추고 있었다.
The burning test of the carbonized board manufactured at 1,000 DEG C by a cone calorimeter was carried out under the heating condition of 50 kW / m < 2 >. The total heat release rate (THR) of the carbonized board after heating for 5 minutes was 2 MJ / m 2, the maximum heat release rate (PHHR) was not more than 20 kW / m 2 for 10 seconds or more, no harmful through- The decrease was almost negligible. That is, the carbonized board manufactured at 1,000 ° C had a flame retardant material property satisfying the grade of flame retardant grade 3 (flame retardant).

그러나 10분 가열 후 탄화보드는 최대열방출률(PHHR)은 10초 이상 20kW/㎡를 초과하지 않았고, 방화상 유해한 관통 균열 구멍 등이 발생하지 않았으며 중량감소는 1g 정도로 거의 무시할 수준으로 낮았지만, 총방출열량(THR)은 8.5MJ/㎡으로 난연2급(준불연) 기준인 8.0MJ/㎡ 이하의 조건을 만족하지 못하였다. 즉, 1,000℃에서 제조한 탄화보드는 난연2급(준불연)의 등급을 만족하는 난연재료적인 성질을 갖추지 못하였다.
However, after heating for 10 minutes, the maximum heat release rate (PHHR) of the carbonized board did not exceed 20kW / m2 for more than 10 seconds, no harmful penetration cracks were formed in the room, and the weight loss was as low as 1g The heat release rate (THR) was 8.5MJ / ㎡, which did not satisfy the requirement of 8.0MJ / ㎡ or less based on flame retardant grade 2 (semi-flammable). That is, the carbonized board manufactured at 1,000 ° C. did not have a flame retardant property satisfying the grade of flame retardant grade 2 (semi-flammable).

(3) 황토코팅 탄화보드의 난연성 시험(도 1 내지 3 참조)(3) Flame Retardancy Test of Yellow Loose Coated Carbonization Boards (see Figs. 1 to 3)

1,000℃에서 제조한 탄화보드의 연소성 시험 결과, 탄화보드는 난연3급(난연)의 등급 기준은 만족하지만, 난연2급(준불연)의 등급기준을 만족하지 못하였다. 탄화보드의 난연성을 개선하기 위하여 탄화보드의 양면에 물유리와 황토 혼합액을 붓으로 2회 도포하고 상온에서 건조한 다음, 콘칼로리미터에 의해 황토코팅 탄화보드의 연소성 시험을 50kW/㎡의 가열조건에서 실시하였다.
As a result of the burning test of the carbonized board manufactured at 1,000 ° C., the carbonized board satisfied the grade standard of flame retardant grade 3 (flame retardancy) but did not satisfy the grade standard of flame retardant grade 2 (semi-flammable). In order to improve the flame retardancy of the carbonized board, a mixture of water glass and loess mixture was applied twice on both sides of the carbonized board with a brush and dried at room temperature. Then, the burning test of the loess coated carbonized board was carried out under a heating condition of 50 kW / m 2 by a cone calorimeter Respectively.

5분 가열 후 황토코팅 탄화보드의 총방출열량(THR)은 0.1MJ/㎡였고, 최대열방출률(PHHR)은 10초 이상 1kW/㎡를 초과하지 않았으며, 방화상 유해한 관통 균열 구멍 등이 발생하지 않았으며 중량감소는 거의 무시할 수준으로 낮았다. 즉, 황토코팅 탄화보드는 난연3급(난연)의 등급을 만족하는 난연재료적인 성질을 갖추고 있었다. 더욱더 10분 가열 후 탄화보드의 총방출열량(THR)은 1.8MJ/㎡였고, 최대열방출률(PHHR)은 10초 이상 10kW/㎡를 초과하지 않았으며, 방화상 유해한 관통 균열 구멍 등이 발생하지 않았으며 중량감소는 1.2g으로 거의 무시할 수준으로 낮았다. 즉, 탄화보드에 황토액으로 코팅함으로써 난연재료적인 성질이 개선된 난연2급(준불연)의 탄화보드를 만들 수 있다.
The total heat release rate (THR) was 0.1MJ / ㎡, the maximum heat release rate (PHHR) was not more than 1kW / ㎡ for more than 10 seconds, and harmful penetration crack hole And weight loss was almost negligible. That is, the yellowish coated carbonized board had a flame retardant property satisfying the grade of flame retardant grade 3 (flame retardant). The total heat release rate (THR) of the carbonized board after heating for 10 minutes was 1.8 MJ / m 2, the maximum heat release rate (PHHR) was not more than 10 kW / m 2 for more than 10 seconds, and no harmful through- And the weight loss was 1.2 g, which was almost negligible. That is, by coating the carbonized board with the ocher solution, it is possible to produce a flame retardant grade 2 (semi-flammable) carbonized board having improved properties as a flame retardant material.

참고로, 콘칼로리미터법에 의한 건축내장재료의 난연성능 판정 기준은 [표1]과 같다.For reference, the criterion for determining the flame retardant performance of building interior materials by cone calorimetry is shown in [Table 1].

난연등급Flammability rating 시험조건Exam conditions 판정기준(KS F ISO 5660-1)Acceptance criteria (KS F ISO 5660-1) 가열조건Heating condition 가열시간Heating time
난연1급(불연)

Flame retardant grade 1 (fire retardant)

50 ㎾/㎡

50 ㎾ / ㎡

20분

20 minutes
- 총방출열량(THR)이 8 MJ/㎡ 이하일 것
- 최대열방출률(PHHR)이 10초 이상 200
kW/㎡를 초과하기 않을 것
- 방화상 유해한 관통, 균열, 구멍 등이
발생하지 않을 것
- Total heat release rate (THR) should be less than 8 MJ / ㎡
- Maximum heat release rate (PHHR) of more than 10 seconds 200
kW / ㎡
- Room image Harmful penetration, cracks, holes, etc.
Not to occur
난연2급(준불연)Flame retardant grade 2 (semi-fireproof) 50 ㎾/㎡50 ㎾ / 10분10 minutes 난연3급(난연)Flame retardant grade 3 (flame retardant) 50 ㎾/㎡50 ㎾ / ㎡ 5분5 minutes

이상의 설명은 본 발명을 예시적으로 설명한 것이고, 명세서에 게시된 실시예는 본 발명의 기술사상을 한정하기 위한 것이 아니라 설명하기 위한 것이므로 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 본 발명의 기술사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능할 것이다. 그러므로 본 발명의 보호범위는 청구범위에 기재된 사항에 의해 해석되고, 그와 균등한 범위 내에 있는 기술적 사항도 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be construed as being covered by the scope of the appended claims, and technical scope within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

합판, 파티클보드(Particle Board), 중밀도섬유판(Medium Density Fiberboard)과 같은 목질패널을 제조하는 단계;
상기 목질패널을 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계;
탄화로를 자연냉각하여 탄화보드를 제조하는 단계;
물유리와 황토분말을 혼합한 혼합액으로 상기 탄화보드의 양면을 코팅하여 건조시키는 난연처리단계;
를 거쳐서 탄화보드의 난연성을 향상시키며, 상기 탄화로에서 탄화하는 단계에서는 탄화로의 승온속도를 50∼100℃/hr, 탄화로의 설정온도를 800∼1,000℃부근에서 2∼3시간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법.
Fabricating wood-based panels such as plywood, Particle Board, Medium Density Fiberboard;
Carbonizing the wood panel in a carbonization furnace;
Naturally cooling the carbonization furnace to produce a carbonized board;
A flame-retarding treatment step of coating both sides of the carbonized board with a mixed solution of water glass and loess powder, followed by drying;
The heating rate of the carbonization furnace is maintained at 50 to 100 占 폚 / hr and the set temperature of the carbonization furnace is maintained at about 800 to 1,000 占 폚 for 2 to 3 hours in the step of carbonizing the carbonization furnace A method for improving the flame retardancy of a carbonized board made of wood-based panels.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 탄화로는 전통식 숯가마 또는 전기로인 것을 특징으로 하는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the carbonization furnace is a conventional charcoal kiln or an electric furnace.
삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,
상기 탄화로를 자연냉각하는 단계에서는, 탄화로의 온도를 80∼100℃까지 자연냉각시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the carbonization furnace is naturally cooled to 80 to 100 占 폚 in the step of naturally cooling the carbonization furnace.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액은 물유리 20∼30중량%, 황토분말 35∼45중량%, 물 30∼40중량%의 비율로 혼합한 것을 특징으로 하는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the mixed liquid of the water glass and the loess powder is mixed in a ratio of 20 to 30 wt% of water glass, 35 to 45 wt% of loess powder, and 30 to 40 wt% of water.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 난연처리단계에서는, 상기 물유리와 황토분말의 혼합액을 탄화보드에 도포하고 상온에서 건조시키는 과정을 1∼2회 반복하는 것을 특징으로 하는 목질패널로 제조한 탄화보드의 난연성 개선방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the flame-retarding treatment step is a step of applying a mixture of the water glass and the loess powder to a carbonized board and drying the mixture at room temperature one or more times.
KR1020130043268A 2013-04-19 2013-04-19 Improving method for flame retardancy of carbonized board made of wood-based panels KR101444200B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104385413A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-03-04 浏阳市中南竹业有限公司 Carbonizing treatment method for fresh bamboos
CN108927874A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-12-04 深圳市贝优通新能源技术开发有限公司 A kind of bamboo charcoal fiber production equipment with anti-resurgence function
KR102239395B1 (en) 2020-07-06 2021-04-12 대한민국 Method for manufacturing flame retardant fiber board using wood fiber
KR20220155142A (en) 2021-05-14 2022-11-22 대한민국(산림청 국립산림과학원장) Method for producing flame-retardant particle board using wood particles

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KR20090097060A (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-15 박종문 Board for construction and method of manufacturing the same
KR100937779B1 (en) * 2009-08-25 2010-01-20 노미화 Method of manufacturing charcoal boards and charcoal boards using the same
KR100937778B1 (en) * 2009-08-25 2010-01-20 노미화 Method of manufacturing charcoal boards and charcoal boards using the same
KR20100049816A (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-13 대한민국(관리부서 : 산림청 국립산림과학원장) Flame resistance carbonized board made of wood-based panels and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20090097060A (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-15 박종문 Board for construction and method of manufacturing the same
KR20100049816A (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-13 대한민국(관리부서 : 산림청 국립산림과학원장) Flame resistance carbonized board made of wood-based panels and manufacturing method thereof
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104385413A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-03-04 浏阳市中南竹业有限公司 Carbonizing treatment method for fresh bamboos
CN108927874A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-12-04 深圳市贝优通新能源技术开发有限公司 A kind of bamboo charcoal fiber production equipment with anti-resurgence function
KR102239395B1 (en) 2020-07-06 2021-04-12 대한민국 Method for manufacturing flame retardant fiber board using wood fiber
KR20220155142A (en) 2021-05-14 2022-11-22 대한민국(산림청 국립산림과학원장) Method for producing flame-retardant particle board using wood particles

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