KR101072123B1 - Solar cell apparatus - Google Patents

Solar cell apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101072123B1
KR101072123B1 KR1020090093572A KR20090093572A KR101072123B1 KR 101072123 B1 KR101072123 B1 KR 101072123B1 KR 1020090093572 A KR1020090093572 A KR 1020090093572A KR 20090093572 A KR20090093572 A KR 20090093572A KR 101072123 B1 KR101072123 B1 KR 101072123B1
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South Korea
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protective film
solar cell
inorganic
organic
cell panel
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KR1020090093572A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20110035740A (en
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김창우
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엘지이노텍 주식회사
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)

Abstract

A photovoltaic device is disclosed. The solar cell apparatus includes a solar cell panel; And a protective film disposed on the solar cell panel and including an inorganic protective film and an organic protective film. The solar cell apparatus can effectively protect the solar cell panel by using an inorganic protective film and an organic protective film, can lower the reflectance and improve the light absorption rate.

Solar, battery, inorganic film, organic film, protective film

Description

SOLAR CELL APPARATUS {SOLAR CELL APPARATUS}

Embodiments relate to a photovoltaic device.

Photovoltaic modules that convert light energy into electrical energy using photoelectric conversion effects are widely used as a means of obtaining pollution-free energy that contributes to the preservation of the global environment.

As photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar cells is improved, many solar power generation systems with photovoltaic modules have been installed for residential use.

The embodiment has a thin thickness, it is possible to reduce the weight, to efficiently protect the solar panel, and to provide a photovoltaic device having an improved efficiency.

Photovoltaic device according to an embodiment includes a solar cell panel; And a protective film disposed on the solar cell panel and including an inorganic protective film and an organic protective film.

Photovoltaic device according to an embodiment includes a solar cell panel; And a passivation layer coated on the solar cell panel and including a plurality of inorganic passivation layers and a plurality of organic passivation layers, wherein the inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers are alternately stacked on the solar cell panel.

The solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment may protect the solar cell panel by an organic protective film and an inorganic protective film.

In particular, in the process of forming the organic protective film, the organic material penetrates between the gaps formed in the inorganic protective film. As a result, the strength of the inorganic protective film is further improved. In addition, the inorganic protective film may be coated on the upper surface of the solar cell panel, the organic protective film may be coated on the upper surface of the inorganic protective film.

Therefore, the inorganic protective film and the organic protective film efficiently protect the solar cell panel from external foreign substances such as dust or moisture.

Therefore, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment can efficiently protect the solar cell panel without including a protective device such as tempered glass.

Accordingly, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment may have a thin thickness and may have a small weight.

In addition, the inorganic protective film adjacent to the solar cell panel may have a high refractive index, and the organic protective film adjacent to the air may have a low refractive index. That is, the organic protective film has an intermediate refractive index between the inorganic protective film and the air, and performs a buffer function.

Therefore, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment lowers the reflectance of the incident sunlight and improves the light absorption.

Accordingly, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment has improved efficiency.

In the description of the embodiments, it is described that each substrate, layer, film, electrode, or groove is formed on or under the "on" of each substrate, layer, film, electrode, or groove, or the like. In the case, “on” and “under” include both being formed “directly” or “indirectly” through other components. In addition, the upper or lower reference of each component is described with reference to the drawings. The size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for the sake of explanation and does not mean the size actually applied.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 1.

1 and 2, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment includes a solar cell panel 10 and a protective film 20.

The solar cell panel 10 receives sunlight and converts it into electrical energy. The solar cell panel 10 includes a support substrate 100 and a plurality of solar cell 200.

The support substrate 100 has a plate shape. The support substrate 100 is an insulator. The support substrate 100 may be rigid or flexible. The support substrate 100 may be, for example, a soda-lime glass substrate. In addition, the support substrate 100 supports the solar cell 200 and the passivation layer 20.

The solar cell 200 is disposed on the support substrate 100. The solar cell 200 converts incident sunlight into electrical energy. In addition, the solar cell 200 may have a shape extending in parallel in one direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the solar cell 200 may be a CIGS-based solar cell. Unlike this, the solar cell 200 may be a solar cell having various structures such as a silicon thin film solar cell.

For example, the solar cell 200 may include a back electrode 210, a light absorbing unit 220, a buffer 230, a high resistance buffer 240, and a window 250.

The back electrode 210 is disposed on the support substrate 100. The back electrode 210 is a conductive layer, and examples of the material used for the back electrode 210 may include molybdenum (Mo) and the like.

The back electrode 210 may be formed of two layers. In this case, each layer may be formed of the same metal, or may be formed of different metals.

The light absorbing part 220 is disposed on the back electrode 210. The light absorbing unit 220 includes a group I-III-VI compound. For example, the light absorbing unit 220 may be formed of a copper-indium-gallium-selenide-based (Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 ; CIGS-based) crystal structure, copper-indium-selenide-based, or copper-gallium-selenium It may have a amide crystal structure.

The energy band gap of the light absorbing unit 220 may be about 1 eV to 1.8 eV.

The buffer 230 is disposed on the light absorbing part 220. The buffer 230 is in direct contact with the light absorbing unit 220. The buffer 230 comprises cadmium sulfide. The buffer 230 may be made of cadmium sulfide.

The high resistance buffer 240 is disposed on the buffer 230. The high resistance buffer 240 includes zinc oxide (i-ZnO) that is not doped with impurities. The energy band gap of the high resistance buffer 240 may be about 3.1 eV to 3.3 eV.

The window 250 is disposed on the high resistance buffer 240. The window 250 is transparent and is a conductive layer. Examples of the material used as the window 250 may include Al doped ZnO (AZO) doped with aluminum.

The solar cells 200 may be connected in series with each other. For example, solar cell cells adjacent to each other are connected in series in such a manner that the back electrode of one solar cell and the window of the solar cell adjacent to each other are connected to each other.

The solar cell panel 10 includes first through holes TH1, second through holes TH2, and third through holes TH3.

Back electrodes 210 included in the solar cell 200 are divided by the first through holes TH1. In addition, the back electrode and the window of the solar cells adjacent to each other are connected through the second through holes TH2.

In addition, the solar cells 200 are distinguished from each other by the third through holes TH3.

The first through holes TH1 may be filled with a material included in the light absorbing unit 220, and the second through holes TH2 may be filled with a material included in the window 250.

In addition, the third through holes TH3 may be filled with a material included in the passivation layer 20.

The passivation layer 20 is disposed on the solar cell panel 10. In more detail, the protective film 20 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The passivation layer 20 may be in close contact with the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The passivation layer 20 is transparent and protects the solar cell panel 10.

The passivation layer 20 may include an inorganic passivation layer 21 and an organic passivation layer 22.

The inorganic protective film 21 is disposed on the solar cell panel 10. The inorganic protective film 21 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The inorganic passivation layer 21 covers the solar cells 200. The inorganic protective film 21 may be in close contact with the top surface of the solar cell panel 10.

The inorganic protective film 21 may be directly coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. In this case, the inorganic protective film 21 may be coated on the inner surface of the third through holes TH3. The inorganic passivation layer 21 may be filled in the entire inner side of the third through holes TH3.

Alternatively, the inorganic protective film 21 may be indirectly coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. That is, an additional layer may be coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10, and the inorganic protective layer 21 may be coated on the top surface of the additional layer.

The inorganic protective film 21 is transparent. The inorganic passivation layer 21 may have a higher refractive index than the organic passivation layer 22. For example, the refractive index of the inorganic protective film 21 may be about 1.5 to about 1.9.

Examples of the material used for the inorganic protective film 21 include oxides or nitrides. More specifically, examples of the material used as the inorganic protective film 21 include aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon oxide (SiO x), silicon nitride (SiN x), and the like.

The inorganic protective film 21 may be formed by a vacuum deposition process. For example, the inorganic protective film 21 may be formed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process.

The thickness of the inorganic protective film 21 may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of characteristics such as sunlight transmittance and prevention of penetration of foreign matter. For example, the inorganic protective layer 21 may have a thickness of about 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm.

The organic passivation layer 22 is disposed on the inorganic passivation layer 21. In more detail, the organic passivation layer 22 is directly coated on the upper surface of the inorganic passivation layer 21. The organic passivation layer 22 may be in close contact with the top surface of the inorganic passivation layer 21.

In addition, the organic passivation layer 22 may be filled inside the third through hole TH3.

The organic protective film 22 is transparent. The organic passivation layer 22 may have a lower refractive index than the inorganic passivation layer 21. For example, the refractive index of the organic passivation layer 22 may be about 1.2 to about 1.6.

As an example of the material used for the said organic protective film 22, a polymer etc. are mentioned. More specifically, examples of the material used for the organic protective film 22 include xylene-based polymers and the like.

For example, the material used as the organic passivation layer 22 may include poly (p-xylene), and the like.

The organic passivation layer 22 may be formed by a vacuum deposition process. For example, the organic passivation layer 22 may be formed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process.

Alternatively, the organic passivation layer 22 may be formed by a process such as spin coating.

The thickness of the organic protective layer 22 may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of characteristics such as sunlight transmittance and prevention of penetration of foreign substances. For example, the thickness of the organic passivation layer 22 may be about 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm.

In the process of forming the organic passivation layer 22, an organic material may penetrate between the gaps formed in the inorganic passivation layer 21. Accordingly, the inorganic protective film 21 may have an improved strength.

In addition, since the inorganic protective film 21 and the organic protective film 22 is coated on the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10, it is possible to effectively prevent the ingress of foreign matter such as moisture or dust outside.

In addition, the organic passivation layer 22 and the inorganic passivation layer 21 may compensate for each other's disadvantages as the passivation layer 20. For example, the organic passivation layer 22 may compensate for low ductility and elasticity of the inorganic passivation layer 21. In addition, the inorganic protective layer 21 may compensate for the low adhesion of the organic protective layer 22.

Therefore, since the protective film 20 includes the inorganic protective film 21 and the organic protective film 22, the solar cell panel 10 can be efficiently protected.

Therefore, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment can efficiently protect the solar cell panel 10 without including a protective device such as tempered glass.

Accordingly, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment may have a thin thickness and may have a small weight.

In addition, the inorganic passivation layer 21 may have a high refractive index, and the organic passivation layer 22 may have a low refractive index. That is, the organic passivation layer 22 has an intermediate refractive index between the inorganic passivation layer 21 and the air and may perform a buffer function.

Therefore, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment lowers the reflectance of the solar light incident on the solar cell panel 10 and improves the light absorption rate.

Accordingly, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment has improved efficiency.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment. In the present embodiment, the protective film will be further described with reference to the above-described embodiment. The foregoing description of the photovoltaic device may be essentially combined with the description of the photovoltaic device according to the present embodiment, except for the changed part.

Referring to FIG. 3, a protective film 30 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. In this case, the passivation layer 30 may include an organic passivation layer 31 and an inorganic passivation layer 32.

The organic protective layer 31 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The organic passivation layer 31 covers the solar cells 200.

The inorganic protective film 32 is disposed on the organic protective film 31. The inorganic protective layer 32 is coated on the upper surface of the organic protective layer 31.

The refractive index of the inorganic protective layer 32 may be lower than the refractive index of the organic protective layer 31. In this case, the inorganic passivation layer 32 may perform a buffer function between the organic passivation layer 31 and air, thereby reducing the reflectance and improving the light absorption rate.

4 is a sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment. 5 is a sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment. In the present embodiments, the protective film will be further described with reference to the above-described embodiments. The foregoing description of the photovoltaic device may be essentially combined with the description of the photovoltaic device according to the present embodiment, except for the changed part.

4 and 5, the passivation layer 40 includes a plurality of inorganic passivation layers and a plurality of organic passivation layers. The inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers are alternately stacked on the solar cell panel 10.

In this case, the refractive indexes of the inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers may be higher closer to the solar cell panel 10.

Alternatively, the inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers may be arranged such that layers having a low refractive index and layers having a high refractive index are alternately stacked.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the passivation layer 40 may include the first inorganic passivation layer 41, the first organic passivation layer 42, the second inorganic passivation layer 43, and the second organic passivation layer 44. It may include.

The first inorganic protective film 41 is disposed on the solar cell panel 10. The first inorganic protective film 41 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The first inorganic protective layer 41 covers the solar cells 200.

The first organic passivation layer 42 is disposed on the first inorganic passivation layer 41. The first organic passivation layer 42 is coated on the top surface of the first inorganic passivation layer 41.

The second inorganic protective film 43 is disposed on the first organic protective film 42. The second inorganic protective film 43 is coated on the upper surface of the first organic protective film 42.

The second organic passivation layer 44 is disposed on the second inorganic passivation layer 43. The second organic passivation layer 44 is coated on the top surface of the second inorganic passivation layer 43.

In addition, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment may further include a third inorganic protective film coated on the upper surface of the second organic protective film 44 and a third organic protective film coated on the upper surface of the third inorganic protective film 21. Can be.

The inorganic passivation layers may have a relatively high refractive index, and the organic passivation layers may have a relatively low refractive index.

That is, the passivation layer 40 may have a structure in which layers having a relatively high refractive index and layers having a relatively low refractive index are alternately stacked.

For example, the refractive index of the second organic passivation layer 44 is lower than that of the second inorganic passivation layer 43, and the refractive index of the second inorganic passivation layer 43 is the refractive index of the first organic passivation layer 42. Can be higher.

In addition, the refractive index of the first organic passivation layer 42 may be lower than the refractive index of the first inorganic passivation layer 41.

In addition, the refractive index of the third inorganic passivation layer may be higher than the refractive index of the second organic passivation layer 44, and the refractive index of the third organic passivation layer may be lower than the refractive index of the third inorganic passivation layer 21.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the passivation layer 50 includes a first organic passivation layer 51, a first inorganic passivation layer 52, a second organic passivation layer 53, and a second inorganic passivation layer 54. can do.

The first organic passivation layer 51 is disposed on the solar cell panel 10. The first organic passivation layer 51 is coated on the top surface of the solar cell panel 10. The first organic passivation layer 51 covers the solar cells 200.

The first inorganic protective film 52 is disposed on the first organic protective film 51. The first inorganic protective film 52 is coated on the top surface of the first organic protective film 51.

The second organic passivation layer 53 is disposed on the first inorganic passivation layer 52. The second organic passivation layer 53 is coated on the top surface of the first inorganic passivation layer 52.

The second inorganic protective film 54 is disposed on the second organic protective film 53. The second inorganic protective film 54 is coated on the top surface of the second organic protective film 53.

Similarly, the photovoltaic device according to FIG. 5 may further include a third organic protective film coated on the top surface of the second inorganic protective film 54 and a third inorganic protective film coated on the top surface of the third organic protective film.

Since the passivation layers 40 and 50 have a structure of four or more layers, the passivation layers 40 and 50 may have an improved strength and may efficiently protect the solar cell panel 10.

In addition, the passivation layers 40 and 50 have a structure in which layers having different refractive indices are alternately stacked, thereby improving light absorption and lowering reflectance.

Therefore, the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment has improved efficiency.

In addition, the features, structures, effects and the like described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in each embodiment may be combined or modified with respect to other embodiments by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these combinations and modifications.

Although the above description has been made based on the embodiments, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may not have been exemplified above without departing from the essential characteristics of the present embodiments. It will be appreciated that many variations and applications are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment can be modified. And differences relating to such modifications and applications will have to be construed as being included in the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the solar cell apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment.

4 is a sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment.

5 is a sectional view showing a solar cell apparatus according to another embodiment.

Claims (13)

A solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cell cells; And Is disposed on the solar cell panel, including a protective film including an inorganic protective film and an organic protective film, Each solar cell receives solar light and converts it into electrical energy. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective film is disposed on the solar cell panel, and the organic protective film is disposed on the inorganic protective film. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the organic protective layer is disposed on the solar cell panel, and the inorganic protective layer is disposed on the organic protective layer. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective film comprises an oxide or nitride, The organic protective film is a photovoltaic device comprising a polymer. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective film has a refractive index of 1.5 to 1.9, The organic passivation layer has a refractive index of 1.2 to 1.6. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective film comprises aluminum oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxide, The organic protective film is a photovoltaic device comprising a poly xylene-based polymer. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective film has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm, The thickness of the organic protective film is a photovoltaic device of 0.1㎛ to 1.0㎛. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inorganic protective layer or the organic protective layer is coated on an upper surface of the solar cell panel. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar cell panel comprises a groove, The inorganic protective film or the organic protective film is a solar cell apparatus is coated on the inner side of the groove. A solar cell panel including a plurality of solar cell cells; And A protective film coated on the solar cell panel, the protective film including a plurality of inorganic protective layers and a plurality of organic protective layers, The inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers are alternately stacked on the solar cell panel, Each solar cell receives solar light and converts it into electrical energy. Solar panel; And A protective film coated on the solar cell panel, the protective film including a plurality of inorganic protective layers and a plurality of organic protective layers, The inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers are alternately stacked on the solar cell panel, The protective film A first inorganic protective film coated on the solar cell panel; A first organic protective film coated on the first inorganic protective film; A second inorganic protective film coated on the first organic protective film; And A photovoltaic device comprising a second organic protective film coated on the second inorganic protective film. The method of claim 11, wherein the second organic protective film has a lower refractive index than the second inorganic protective film, The second inorganic protective film has a higher refractive index than the first organic protective film, The first organic passivation layer has a lower refractive index than the first inorganic passivation layer. Solar panel; And A protective film coated on the solar cell panel, the protective film including a plurality of inorganic protective layers and a plurality of organic protective layers, The inorganic passivation layers and the organic passivation layers are alternately stacked on the solar cell panel, The protective film A first organic protective film coated on the solar cell panel; A first inorganic protective film coated on the first organic protective film; A second organic protective film coated on the first inorganic protective film; And A photovoltaic device comprising a second inorganic protective film coated on the second organic protective film.
KR1020090093572A 2009-09-30 2009-09-30 Solar cell apparatus KR101072123B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101128399B1 (en) 2010-12-20 2012-03-23 정 욱 한 Solar cell module

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101403113B1 (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-06-05 주식회사 포스코 Solar cell substrate having insulation property and method for manufacturing thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100617444B1 (en) 2004-05-14 2006-08-29 쏠라테크(주) Solar Cell Panel with Integrated Support Frame

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100617444B1 (en) 2004-05-14 2006-08-29 쏠라테크(주) Solar Cell Panel with Integrated Support Frame

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101128399B1 (en) 2010-12-20 2012-03-23 정 욱 한 Solar cell module

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