KR100961540B1 - Heat pump cooling-heating system - Google Patents

Heat pump cooling-heating system Download PDF

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KR100961540B1
KR100961540B1 KR1020080117357A KR20080117357A KR100961540B1 KR 100961540 B1 KR100961540 B1 KR 100961540B1 KR 1020080117357 A KR1020080117357 A KR 1020080117357A KR 20080117357 A KR20080117357 A KR 20080117357A KR 100961540 B1 KR100961540 B1 KR 100961540B1
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South Korea
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heat exchanger
heat
refrigerant
compressor
bypass pipe
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KR1020080117357A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20100058811A (en
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오연준
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주식회사 한창
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/002—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for geothermal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/021—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat pump cooling and heating system is provided to enhance the heating efficiency by performing heating operation and hot water generation even under a very low temperature condition. CONSTITUTION: A heat pump cooling/heating system comprise a water tank(1), a first heat exchanger(11), a second heat exchanger(12), a third heat exchanger(13), a compressor(10), pipes(31,41,51,61), a switch valve(15), a first expansion valve(21), a second expansion valve(22), and a fourth heat exchanger(14). The first heat exchanger heats or cools the water of the water tank. The second heat exchanger heat-exchanges with outdoor air. The third heat exchanger heat-exchanges with underground water. The pipes connect the compressor, and the first, the second, and the third heat exchangers to form a refrigerant circulating path. The switch valve switches the circulation direction of refrigerant for the switching between cooling and heating operation. The fourth heat exchanger heat-exchanges the refrigerant flowing toward the second and the third heat exchangers via the first heat exchanger with the refrigerant flowing toward the compressor to collect heat, in heating operation.

Description

히트펌프 냉난방시스템{HEAT PUMP COOLING-HEATING SYSTEM}Heat Pump Heating and Cooling System {HEAT PUMP COOLING-HEATING SYSTEM}

본 발명은 히트펌프 냉난방시스템에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 실외공기 및 지하수와 열교환을 통해 냉수 또는 온수를 생산할 수 있는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a heat pump air conditioning system, and more particularly, to a heat pump air conditioning system capable of producing cold water or hot water through heat exchange with outdoor air and ground water.

히트펌프는 저온의 열을 흡수하여 고온으로 열을 끌어 올린다는 의미로 높은 곳에서 낮은 곳으로 오는 열을 반대로 운송하는 장치이다. 히트펌프는 응축기에서 방출되는 고온의 열을 이용하여 난방을 하거나 온수을 생산할 수 있고, 증발기에서 차가워진 냉열을 이용하여 냉방을 할 수 있다. 이러한 히트펌프는 구동에 필요한 에너지보다 훨신 더 많은 에너지를 열에너지 형태로 공급할 수 있다.Heat pump is a device that transfers heat from high place to low place in the sense that it absorbs low temperature heat and raises heat to high temperature. The heat pump may heat or produce hot water by using high temperature heat emitted from the condenser, and may cool by using cold heat cooled in an evaporator. These heat pumps can supply much more energy in the form of thermal energy than the energy required for driving.

히트펌프를 이용하는 통상의 냉난방시스템은 난방운전 시 실외에 설치된 열교환기가 증발기의 역할을 하여 외기와 열교환을 통해 열을 흡수하고, 냉방운전 시 실외에 설치된 열교환기가 응축기의 역할을 하여 외기와 열교환을 통해 열을 방출한다.In a typical air conditioning system using a heat pump, an outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator during heating operation to absorb heat through heat exchange with outside air, and an outdoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser during air conditioning operation. Releases heat.

그러나 이러한 방식은 동절기에 외기의 온도가 매우 낮아질 경우 차가운 공기로부터 난방이나 급탕을 위한 열을 충분히 회수하기 어려운 문제가 있었다. 또 외기온도가 높은 하절기에 냉방운전을 수행하는 경우에도 외기와 열교환을 하는 것만으로 냉방을 수행하기에 충분한 열을 외부로 방출시키기 어려운 문제가 있었다. 즉 외기와 열교환을 하는 방식만으로는 난방 및 냉방효과를 높이는데 한계가 있었다.However, this method has a problem that it is difficult to recover enough heat for heating or hot water supply from cold air when the temperature of the outside air becomes very low in winter. In addition, even when the cooling operation is performed in the summer when the outside air temperature is high, there is a problem that it is difficult to discharge enough heat to the outside by performing heat exchange with the outside. In other words, there is a limit to increase the heating and cooling effect only by the method of heat exchange with the outside air.

본 발명은 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 외기를 통한 열교환과 지하수를 통한 열교환을 함께 수행할 수 있도록 하여 냉난방효과를 상승시킬 수 있도록 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump cooling and heating system to increase the heating and cooling effect by performing a heat exchange through the outside air and through the ground water together.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 난방운전 시 상대적으로 고온인 냉매와 상대적으로 저온인 냉매를 상호 열교환시켜 열을 회수할 수 있도록 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump cooling and heating system for recovering heat by exchanging heat between a relatively high temperature refrigerant and a relatively low temperature refrigerant during a heating operation.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템은 저수탱크와; 상기 저수탱크의 물을 가열하거나 냉각시키는 제1열교환기와; 외기와 열교환을 하는 제2열교환기와; 상기 제2열교환기와 직렬로 연결되며 지하수와 열교환을 하는 제3열교환기와; 냉매를 압축하는 압축기와; 상기 압축기 및 상기 제1 내지 제3열교환기를 연결하여 냉매의 순환경로를 이루는 배관들과; 난방운전과 냉방운전의 전환을 위해 냉매의 순환방향을 전환시키는 전환밸브와; 난방운전 시 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 감압팽창시키는 제1팽창밸브와; 냉방운전 시 상 기 제1열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 감압팽창시키는 제2팽창밸브와; 난방운전시 상기 제1열교환기를 거쳐 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매와 상기 압축기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 상호 열교환시켜 열을 회수하는 회수열교환기를 포함한다.Heat pump cooling and heating system according to the present invention for achieving this object is a storage tank; A first heat exchanger for heating or cooling the water in the water storage tank; A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outside air; A third heat exchanger connected in series with the second heat exchanger and performing heat exchange with the ground water; A compressor for compressing the refrigerant; Pipes connecting the compressor and the first to third heat exchangers to form a circulation path of the refrigerant; A switching valve for switching a circulation direction of the refrigerant for switching between heating operation and cooling operation; A first expansion valve configured to expand and decompress the refrigerant flowing toward the second and third heat exchangers during a heating operation; A second expansion valve configured to expand and decompress the refrigerant flowing toward the first heat exchanger during the cooling operation; It includes a recovery heat exchanger for recovering heat by mutual heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing toward the second and third heat exchanger through the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant flowing toward the compressor during the heating operation.

상기 히트펌프 냉난방시스템은 난방운전 시 상기 제1열교환기를 거친 냉매가 상기 제2팽창밸브를 우회하여 흐르도록 하는 제1우회배관과, 상기 제1우회배관에 설치된 제1체크밸브와, 냉방운전 시 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기를 거친 냉매가 상기 제1팽창밸브와 상기 회수열교환기를 우회하여 흐르도록 하는 제2우회배관과, 상기 제2우회배관에 설치된 제2체크밸브를 더 포함할 수 있다.The heat pump air-conditioning system includes a first bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger to bypass the second expansion valve during the heating operation, a first check valve installed in the first bypass pipe, and a cooling operation. And a second bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant passing through the second and third heat exchangers to bypass the first expansion valve and the recovery heat exchanger, and a second check valve installed in the second bypass pipe.

상기 히트펌프 냉난방시스템은 난방운전 시 상기 제1열교환기로부터 상기 제1팽창밸브 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매가 상기 회수열교환기를 우회할 수 있도록 하는 제3우회배관과, 상기 제3우회배관의 개도조절을 위해 상기 제3우회배관에 설치된 조절밸브를 더 포함할 수 있다. The heat pump air-conditioning system includes a third bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger toward the first expansion valve to bypass the recovery heat exchanger during heating operation, and for controlling the opening degree of the third bypass pipe. It may further include a control valve installed in the third bypass pipe.

상기 히트펌프 냉난방시스템은 상기 압축기의 과열방지를 위해 고온 액상의 냉매를 상기 압축기의 흡입측으로 감압 팽창시켜 공급하는 과열방지장치를 더 포함할 수 있고, 상기 과열방지장치는 액상의 냉매가 흐르는 배관과 상기 압축기의 흡입측 배관을 연결하는 제4우회배관과, 상기 제4우회배관에 설치된 냉매팽창장치와, 상기 제4우회배관을 개폐하는 개폐밸브를 포함할 수 있다.The heat pump air-conditioning system may further include an overheat prevention device for supplying the high-temperature liquid refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor under pressure expansion to prevent overheating of the compressor. And a fourth bypass pipe connecting the suction side pipe of the compressor, a refrigerant expansion device installed in the fourth bypass pipe, and an opening / closing valve to open and close the fourth bypass pipe.

본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템은 외기와 열교환을 하는 제2열교환기 뿐 아니라 지하수와 열교환을 하는 제3열교환기를 구비하기 때문에 난방운전 시 외기의 온도가 매우 낮은 조건에서도 원활한 난방 및 온수생성을 할 수 있을 정도로 난방능력을 향상시킬 수 있고, 냉방운전 시 외기의 온도가 매우 높은 조건에서도 원활한 냉방을 할 수 있을 정도로 냉방능력을 향상시킬 수 있다.The heat pump air-conditioning system according to the present invention is equipped with a third heat exchanger for exchanging heat with ground water as well as a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outside air, so that heating and hot water can be generated smoothly even under very low temperature conditions during heating operation. It is possible to improve the heating capacity to the extent possible, and to improve the cooling capacity so that the smooth cooling can be performed even under the condition that the temperature of the outside air is very high during the cooling operation.

또 본 발명은 난방운전 시 회수열교환기를 통해 상대적으로 고온인 냉매와 상대적으로 저온인 냉매를 상호 열교환시켜 열을 회수할 수 있기 때문에 시스템의 효율을 높일 수 있는 효과가 있다. 또 이를 통해 압축기 쪽으로 복귀하는 냉매 중에 포함될 수 있는 액상 냉매를 기화시킬 수 있기 때문에 압축기 쪽으로 액냉매가 유입되는 현상을 막아 시스템을 더욱 안정화할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention has the effect of improving the efficiency of the system because the heat can be recovered by mutual heat exchange between the relatively high temperature refrigerant and the relatively low temperature refrigerant through the recovery heat exchanger during heating operation. In addition, the liquid refrigerant which may be included in the refrigerant returning to the compressor can be vaporized, thereby preventing the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the compressor, thereby further stabilizing the system.

이하에서는 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 난방운전 상태를 나타낸 것이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 냉방운전 상태를 나타낸 것이다. 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 난방시스템은 온수 또는 냉수를 저장하기 위한 저수탱크(1)와, 저수탱크(1)의 물을 가열하거나 냉각시키기 위한 히트펌프시스템으로 압축기(10), 제1열교환기(11), 제2열교환기(12), 제3열교환기(13), 회수열교환기(14), 제1팽창밸브(21), 제2팽창밸브(22), 냉매의 순환방향을 전환하는 전환밸브(15), 그리고 이들을 연결하여 냉매의 순환경로를 이루는 배관들을 구비한다.1 shows a heating operation state of the heat pump air conditioning system according to the present invention, Figure 2 shows a cooling operation state of the heat pump air conditioning system according to the present invention. As shown, the heat pump heating system according to the present invention is a storage tank (1) for storing hot or cold water, and a heat pump system for heating or cooling the water in the storage tank (1), the compressor (10), Circulation of the first heat exchanger 11, the second heat exchanger 12, the third heat exchanger 13, the recovered heat exchanger 14, the first expansion valve 21, the second expansion valve 22, and the refrigerant Switching valve 15 for switching the direction, and the pipes are connected to form a circulation path of the refrigerant by connecting them.

압축기(10)는 냉매를 고온 고압의 기체상태로 압축한다. 압축기(10)의 토출 측에는 고온 고압으로 압축된 냉매를 제1열교환기(11) 쪽으로 공급하거나 제2 및 제3열교환기(12,13) 쪽으로 공급할 수 있도록 유로를 전환시키는 전환밸브(15)가 설치된다. 이는 난방운전 시 고온 고압의 냉매를 제1열교환기(11) 쪽으로 공급하여 제1열교환기(11)가 저수탱크(1)의 물과 열교환을 통하여 저수탱크(1)의 물을 가열할 수 있도록 한 것이다. The compressor 10 compresses the refrigerant into a gaseous state of high temperature and high pressure. On the discharge side of the compressor 10, a switching valve 15 for switching a flow path to supply refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure toward the first heat exchanger 11 or toward the second and third heat exchangers 12 and 13 is provided. Is installed. This is to supply a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant to the first heat exchanger 11 during the heating operation so that the first heat exchanger 11 can heat the water in the water storage tank 1 through heat exchange with the water of the water storage tank 1. It is.

제1열교환기(11)는 통상의 판형 열교환기로 구성될 수 있고, 저수탱크(1)는 이러한 제1열교환기(11)와 배관(2,2')을 통해 연결될 수 있다. 또 저수탱크(1)의 물은 펌프(3)의 동작에 의해 제1열교환기(11)를 통과하도록 순환함으로써 제1열교기(11)와 열교환을 한다. 따라서 난방운전 시에는 저수탱크(1)의 물이 제1열교환기(11)에 의해 가열될 수 있고, 이 물은 난방을 위해 사용될 수 있다.The first heat exchanger 11 may be configured as a conventional plate heat exchanger, and the reservoir tank 1 may be connected to the first heat exchanger 11 through pipes 2 and 2 '. In addition, the water in the water storage tank 1 circulates through the first heat exchanger 11 by the operation of the pump 3 to exchange heat with the first heat exchanger 11. Therefore, in the heating operation, the water of the reservoir tank 1 may be heated by the first heat exchanger 11, and this water may be used for heating.

제1팽창밸브(21)는 난방운전 시 제1열교환기(11)로부터 제2 및 제3열교환기(12,13) 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 감압 팽창시킨다. 즉 제1열교환기(11)를 거치면서 응축된 고압의 액상 냉매를 감압 팽창시킴으로써 제2 및 제3열교환기(12,13)에서 냉매가 증발될 수 있도록 한다.The first expansion valve 21 expands and expands the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger 11 toward the second and third heat exchangers 12 and 13 during the heating operation. That is, the refrigerant may be evaporated in the second and third heat exchangers 12 and 13 by expanding under reduced pressure of the high pressure liquid refrigerant condensed while passing through the first heat exchanger 11.

제2열교환기(12)는 외기와 열교환하도록 실외에 설치된다. 제2열교환기(12)는 난방운전 시 그 내부를 흐르는 저압의 냉매가 외기와 열교환을 거쳐 증발하는 과정에서 외기로부터 열을 회수할 수 있도록 한다. The second heat exchanger 12 is installed outdoors to exchange heat with outside air. The second heat exchanger 12 may recover heat from the outside air in the process of evaporating the low pressure refrigerant flowing therein through heat exchange with the outside during the heating operation.

제3열교환기(13)는 제2열교환기(12)와 직렬로 연결된다. 제3열교환기(13)는 난방운전 시 그 내부를 흐르는 지하수와 냉매가 열교환을 하도록 함으로써 지하수 로부터 열을 회수할 수 있도록 한다. 제3열교환기(13)는 지하수를 순환시키기 위한 배관들(16a,16b)과, 배관들(16a,16b)을 개폐하는 개폐밸브들(17a,17b)을 구비한다. The third heat exchanger 13 is connected in series with the second heat exchanger 12. The third heat exchanger 13 may recover heat from the groundwater by allowing the groundwater and the refrigerant flowing therein to exchange heat during the heating operation. The third heat exchanger 13 includes pipes 16a and 16b for circulating the groundwater and on / off valves 17a and 17b for opening and closing the pipes 16a and 16b.

이처럼 제2열교환기(12)에서 외기와의 열교환을 수행한 후 제3열교환기(13)에서 지하수를 통한 열교환을 수행하면, 동절기처럼 외기의 온도가 매우 낮은 상황에서도 냉매를 충분히 증발시킬 수 있다. 즉 제2열교환기(12)를 거치면서 충분히 기화하지 못하여 열회수가 부족한 경우에도 제3열교환기(13)에서 지하수와 열교환을 통해 충분히 기화시켜 열을 회수할 수 있게 되므로 시스템의 난방효과를 높일 수 있다. 후술하겠지만 이러한 효과는 냉방운전을 수행하는 경우에도 마찬가지다. 만약 제2열교환기(12)에서 외기를 통한 열교환만으로도 냉난방의 구현이 충분한 정도의 환경이거나 지하수의 이용이 여유치 않은 환경에서는 개폐밸브들(17a,17b)을 패쇄하여 제3열교환기(13)를 사용하지 않을 수도 있다. 즉 제3열교환기(13)는 환경에 따라 선택적인 사용이 가능하다.As described above, if the second heat exchanger 12 performs heat exchange with the outside air and then performs heat exchange through the groundwater in the third heat exchanger 13, the refrigerant can be sufficiently evaporated even under a very low temperature such as winter. . That is, even if the heat recovery is insufficient due to insufficient vaporization while passing through the second heat exchanger 12, the third heat exchanger 13 can recover the heat by sufficiently evaporating through heat exchange with the groundwater, thereby improving the heating effect of the system. have. As will be described later, this effect is the same when the cooling operation is performed. If the heat exchange through the outside air in the second heat exchanger 12 alone or in an environment where sufficient heating and cooling is implemented or in an environment where ground water cannot be used, the shutoff valves 17a and 17b are closed to close the third heat exchanger 13. May not be used. That is, the third heat exchanger 13 can be selectively used according to the environment.

도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 난방운전 시 제3열교환기(13)를 거친 냉매는 배관을 따라 어큐뮬레이터(18)로 유입되고, 어큐뮬레이터(18)를 거친 후 압축기(10)의 흡입 측으로 유입된다. 따라서 이러한 순환은 반복된다. As shown in FIG. 1, during the heating operation, the refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger 13 flows into the accumulator 18 along the pipe, passes through the accumulator 18, and then flows into the suction side of the compressor 10. Thus this cycle is repeated.

회수열교환기(14)는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 난방운전 시 제1열교환기(11)를 거쳐 제1팽창밸브(21) 쪽으로 흐르는 중온 액상의 냉매와 제3열교환기(13)를 거쳐 압축기(10) 쪽으로 복귀하는 저온의 기체 냉매가 상호 열교환하도록 한다. 이는 제1팽창밸브(21) 쪽으로 흐르는 중온 냉매와 압축기(10)로 복귀하는 저온 냉매가 상호 열교환하여 열을 회수하도록 함으로써 시스템의 효율을 높일 수 있도록 한 것 이다. 또 이러한 열교환은 압축기(10) 쪽으로 복귀하는 냉매 중에 포함될 수 있는 액상 냉매를 기화시킴으로써 압축기(10) 쪽으로 액냉매가 유입되는 현상을 막아 시스템을 더욱 안정화하는데 기여한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the recovery heat exchanger 14 passes through a medium temperature liquid refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 11 toward the first expansion valve 21 and the third heat exchanger 13 during heating operation. The low temperature gas refrigerant returning to the compressor 10 is allowed to heat exchange with each other. This is to improve the efficiency of the system by allowing the medium temperature refrigerant flowing toward the first expansion valve 21 and the low temperature refrigerant returning to the compressor 10 to recover heat by mutual heat exchange. In addition, the heat exchange contributes to further stabilization of the system by preventing the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the compressor 10 by vaporizing the liquid refrigerant that may be included in the refrigerant returned to the compressor 10.

제2팽창밸브(22)는 제1열교환기(11)와 회수열교환기(14)를 연결하는 배관에 설치된다. 제2팽창밸브(22)는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 난방운전을 수행할 경우 폐쇄된 상태를 유지하고, 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이 냉방운전을 수행할 경우 개방된 상태를 유지한다. 또 냉방운전을 수행할 때는 제1팽창밸브(21)가 폐쇄된다. The second expansion valve 22 is installed in a pipe connecting the first heat exchanger 11 and the recovery heat exchanger 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the second expansion valve 22 maintains the closed state when the heating operation is performed and maintains the open state when the cooling operation is performed as shown in FIG. 2. When the cooling operation is performed, the first expansion valve 21 is closed.

본 실 시예는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 난방운전 시 제1열교환기(11)를 거친 냉매가 제2팽창밸브(22)를 우회하여 흐를 수 있도록 하는 제1우회배관(31) 및 제1우회배관(31)에 설치된 제1체크밸브(32)를 구비하고, 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 냉방운전 시 제2 및 제3열교환기(12,13)를 거친 냉매가 제1팽창밸브(21)와 회수열교환기(14)를 우회하여 흐르도록 하는 제2우회배관(41) 및 제2우회배관(41)에 설치된 제2체크밸브(42)를 구비한다. As shown in FIG. 1, the first bypass pipe 31 and the first bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant that has passed through the first heat exchanger 11 to bypass the second expansion valve 22 during the heating operation. The first check valve 32 is provided in the bypass pipe 31, and as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant passing through the second and third heat exchangers 12 and 13 during the cooling operation is the first expansion valve ( 21 and a second check valve 42 installed in the second bypass pipe 41 to bypass the recovery heat exchanger 14.

또 회수열교환기(14) 쪽에는 난방운전 시 제1열교환기(11)로부터 제1팽창밸브(21) 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매가 회수열교환기(14)를 우회할 수 있도록 하는 제3우회배관(51)이 설치되고, 제3우회배관(51)에는 제3우회배관(51)의 개도조절을 위한 전동식 조절밸브(52)가 설치된다. 이는 조절밸브(52)의 개도조절을 통해 회수열교환기(14)를 통과하는 냉매량을 조절하여 회수열교환기(14)의 열교환정도를 제어함으로써 냉매의 과열도를 제어할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The recovery heat exchanger (14) has a third bypass pipe (51) which allows the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger (11) to the first expansion valve (21) to bypass the recovery heat exchanger (14) during heating operation. The third bypass pipe 51 is provided with an electric control valve 52 for adjusting the opening degree of the third bypass pipe 51. This is to control the amount of refrigerant passing through the recovery heat exchanger 14 by controlling the opening degree of the control valve 52 to control the degree of heat exchange of the recovery heat exchanger 14 to control the superheat degree of the refrigerant.

제2팽창밸브(22)와 회수열교환기(14) 사이의 배관에는 액상의 냉매를 감압팽 창시켜 압축기(10)의 흡입 측으로 공급함으로써 압축기(10)의 과열을 방지하는 과열방지장치(60)가 설치된다. 과열방지장치(60)는 회수열교환기(14) 쪽 액상의 냉매가 흐르는 배관과 압축기(10)의 흡입측 배관을 연결하는 제4우회배관(61)과, 제4우회배관(61)에 설치된 모세관 형태의 냉매팽창장치(62), 그리고 제4우회배관(61)을 개폐하는 전동식 개폐밸브(63)를 포함한다. 이는 압축기(10)의 과열이 생길 때 개폐밸브(63)의 개방을 통해 일부 냉매를 저압으로 팽창시켜 제4우회배관(61)으로 우회시킴으로써 어큐뮬레이터(18) 쪽으로 유입되는 냉매온도를 낮춰 압축기(10)의 온도를 제어할 수 있도록 한 것이다. 도 1에서 미설명 부호 70은 시스템의 운전조건에 따라 순환량이 변화함으로 인하여 생긴 잉여냉매를 저장하기 위한 수액기이다.Overheat prevention device (60) to prevent overheating of the compressor (10) by expanding the liquid refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor 10 in the piping between the second expansion valve 22 and the recovery heat exchanger (14). Is installed. The overheat prevention device 60 is installed in the fourth bypass pipe 61 and the fourth bypass pipe 61 for connecting the pipe in which the liquid refrigerant flows to the recovery heat exchanger 14 and the suction side pipe of the compressor 10. It includes a capillary type refrigerant expansion device (62), and the electric on-off valve (63) for opening and closing the fourth bypass pipe (61). When the compressor 10 is overheated, the refrigerant 10 is introduced into the accumulator 18 by lowering a portion of the refrigerant to low pressure through the opening and closing valve 63 to bypass the fourth bypass pipe 61. ) To control the temperature. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 70 denotes a receiver for storing surplus refrigerant generated due to a change in circulation amount according to operating conditions of the system.

다음은 이러한 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 동작에 관하여 설명한다.The following describes the operation of such a heat pump air conditioning system.

난방운전 시에는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 압축기(10)에서 토출되는 고온 고압의 냉매가 제1열교환기(11) 쪽으로 유입되도록 전환밸브(15)가 동작하고, 제1팽창밸브(21)가 개방되고, 제2팽창밸브(22)가 페쇄된다. 이때는 고온고압의 기체상태 냉매가 제1열교환기(11)를 통과하는 과정에서 저수탱크(1)의 물과 열교환을 통해 액상으로 응축되고, 제1열교환기(11)를 통과하는 저수탱크(1)의 물은 가열된다. 따라서 제1저수탱크(1)의 물은 난방을 위해 쓰이거나 온수로 이용될 수 있다. In the heating operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the switching valve 15 is operated such that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the first heat exchanger 11, and the first expansion valve 21 is operated. Is opened, and the second expansion valve 22 is closed. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into the liquid phase through heat exchange with water in the water storage tank 1 in the process of passing through the first heat exchanger 11, and the water storage tank 1 passing through the first heat exchanger 11. ) Is heated. Therefore, the water of the first reservoir tank 1 may be used for heating or hot water.

제1열교환기(11)를 거친 액상의 냉매는 제1우회배관(31)과 회수열교기(14)를 차례로 통과하여 제1팽창밸브(21) 쪽으로 흐르고, 제1팽창밸브(21)에서 감압 팽창된 후 제2열교환기(12)로 유입된다. 제2열교환기(12)에서는 냉매가 외기와 열교환을 통해 증발함으로써 외기로부터 열을 흡수한다. 제2열교환기(12)를 거친 냉매는 제3열교환기(13)에서 지하수와 열교환을 함으로써 지하수로부터 재차 열을 흡수한다. 이처럼 본 실 시예는 난방운전 시 제2열교환기(12) 뿐 아니라 제3열교환기(13)에서도 열을 흡수하므로 난방효과를 높일 수 있다. The liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger (11) passes through the first bypass pipe (31) and the recovery heat exchanger (14) in order to flow toward the first expansion valve (21), and decompresses the first expansion valve (21). After expansion, it is introduced into the second heat exchanger 12. In the second heat exchanger 12, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air by evaporating through the heat exchange with the outside air. The refrigerant having passed through the second heat exchanger 12 absorbs heat from the groundwater again by exchanging heat with the groundwater in the third heat exchanger 13. As such, the present embodiment absorbs heat from the third heat exchanger 13 as well as the second heat exchanger 12 during the heating operation, thereby improving the heating effect.

제3열교환기(13)를 거친 냉매는 회수열교환기(14)로 유입되어 열교환을 함으로써 중온 액상의 냉매로부터 열을 회수한 후 압축기(10)의 흡입 측으로 흐른다. 따라서 압축기(10)로 유입되는 냉매는 거의 완전히 기화될 수 있다. The refrigerant passing through the third heat exchanger 13 flows to the suction side of the compressor 10 after recovering heat from the coolant of the medium temperature liquid phase by flowing into the recovery heat exchanger 14 and performing heat exchange. Therefore, the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 10 may be almost completely vaporized.

한편, 냉방운전 시에는 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 압축기(10)에서 토출되는 고온 고압의 냉매가 제3 및 제2열교환기(13,12) 쪽으로 유입되도록 전환밸브(15)가 동작하고, 제2팽창밸브(22)가 개방되고, 제1팽창밸브(21)가 페쇄된다. 이때는 고온고압의 기체상태 냉매가 제3열교환기(13)와 제2열교환기(12)를 순차적으로 통과하는 과정에서 지하수 및 외기와 열교환을 통해 응축되면서 에너지를 방출한다. On the other hand, during the cooling operation, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching valve 15 is operated such that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the third and second heat exchangers 13 and 12. The second expansion valve 22 is opened, and the first expansion valve 21 is closed. At this time, while the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through the third heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 12 sequentially, energy is released while condensed through heat exchange with groundwater and outside air.

제3 및 제2열교환기(13,12)에서 응축된 냉매는 제2우회배관(41) 통과하여 제2팽창밸브(22)로 흐르고, 제2팽창밸브(22)에서 감압 팽창된 후 제1열교환기(11)로 유입된다. 즉 냉방운전 시에는 냉매가 제2우회배관(41)을 통하여 흐르므로 회수열교환기(14)를 우회한다. 그리고 제1열교환기(11)에서는 냉매가 저수탱크(1)의 물과 열교환을 통해 증발함으로써 저수탱크(1)의 물부터 열을 흡수한다. 따라서 냉방운전 시 저수탱크(1)의 물은 냉방을 위해 쓰이거나 냉수로 이용될 수 있다. 제1열교환기(11)를 통과한 저압의 기체상태 냉매는 회수열교환기(14)를 통과한 후 압축기(10)의 흡입 측으로 유입된다. 냉방운전 시에도 이러한 냉매순환은 반복된다. The refrigerant condensed in the third and second heat exchangers 13 and 12 flows through the second bypass pipe 41 to the second expansion valve 22, expands under reduced pressure in the second expansion valve 22, and then expands the first refrigerant. It flows into the heat exchanger (11). That is, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows through the second bypass pipe 41, thereby bypassing the recovery heat exchanger 14. In the first heat exchanger 11, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the water of the water storage tank 1 by evaporation through heat exchange with water of the water storage tank 1. Therefore, the water in the storage tank (1) during the cooling operation may be used for cooling or used as cold water. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 11 is introduced into the suction side of the compressor 10 after passing through the recovery heat exchanger 14. This refrigerant circulation is repeated even during the cooling operation.

도 3은 본 발명의 다른 실시 예로, 난방운전 시 회수열교환기(14)와 제1팽창 밸브(21)를 거친 냉매가 제3열교환기(13) 쪽으로 먼저 유입되도록 한 것이다. 즉 제3열교환기(13)에서 지하수와 먼저 열교환을 한 후 제2열교환기(12)로 흐르도록 한 것이다. 즉 제2열교환기(12)와 제3열교환기(13)의 냉매순환순서를 상술한 예와 다르게 하기 위해 배관의 연결을 달리한 것이다. 그 밖의 구성은 상술한 예와 실질적으로 동일하므로 설명을 생략한다.3 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, in which the refrigerant passing through the recovery heat exchanger 14 and the first expansion valve 21 is first introduced into the third heat exchanger 13 during the heating operation. That is, the first heat exchanger performs first heat exchange with the groundwater in the third heat exchanger 13 and then flows to the second heat exchanger 12. That is, in order to change the refrigerant circulation sequence of the second heat exchanger 12 and the third heat exchanger 13 from the above example, the connection of the pipes is different. Other configurations are substantially the same as the above-described examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 구성도로 난방운전 상태를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1 shows the heating operation state of the configuration of the heat pump air conditioning system according to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 구성도로 냉방운전 상태를 나타낸 것이다.2 shows a cooling operation state of the heat pump cooling and heating system according to the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 냉난방시스템의 다른 실시 예로 난방운전 상태를 나타낸 것이다.3 shows a heating operation state according to another embodiment of the heat pump air conditioning system according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: 저수탱크, 10: 압축기,1: water tank, 10: compressor,

11: 제1열교환기, 12: 제2열교환기,11: first heat exchanger, 12: second heat exchanger,

13: 제3열교환기, 14: 회수열교환기,13: third heat exchanger, 14: recovered heat exchanger,

15: 전환밸브, 18: 어큐뮬레이터,15: switching valve, 18: accumulator,

21: 제1팽창밸브, 22: 제2팽창밸브,21: the first expansion valve, 22: the second expansion valve,

31: 제1우회배관, 32: 제1체크밸브,31: the first bypass pipe, 32: the first check valve,

41: 제2우회배관, 42: 제2체크밸브,41: second bypass pipe, 42: second check valve,

51: 제3우회배관, 52: 조절밸브,51: third bypass pipe, 52: control valve,

60: 과열방지장치, 61: 제4우회배관,60: overheat protection device, 61: fourth bypass piping,

62: 냉매팽창장치, 63: 개폐밸브.62: refrigerant expansion device, 63: on-off valve.

Claims (4)

저수탱크와; 상기 저수탱크의 물을 가열하거나 냉각시키는 제1열교환기와; 외기와 열교환을 하는 제2열교환기와; 상기 제2열교환기와 직렬로 연결되며 지하수와 열교환을 하는 제3열교환기와; 냉매를 압축하는 압축기와; 상기 압축기 및 상기 제1 내지 제3열교환기를 연결하여 냉매의 순환경로를 이루는 배관들과; 난방운전과 냉방운전의 전환을 위해 냉매의 순환방향을 전환시키는 전환밸브와; 난방운전 시 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 감압팽창시키는 제1팽창밸브와; 냉방운전 시 상기 제1열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 감압팽창시키는 제2팽창밸브와; 난방운전시 상기 제1열교환기를 거쳐 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매와 상기 압축기 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매를 상호 열교환시켜 열을 회수하는 회수열교환기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템.A storage tank; A first heat exchanger for heating or cooling the water in the water storage tank; A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outside air; A third heat exchanger connected in series with the second heat exchanger and performing heat exchange with the ground water; A compressor for compressing the refrigerant; Pipes connecting the compressor and the first to third heat exchangers to form a circulation path of the refrigerant; A switching valve for switching a circulation direction of the refrigerant for switching between heating operation and cooling operation; A first expansion valve configured to expand and decompress the refrigerant flowing toward the second and third heat exchangers during a heating operation; A second expansion valve configured to expand and decompress a refrigerant flowing toward the first heat exchanger during a cooling operation; And a recovery heat exchanger configured to recover heat by mutually heat-exchanging the refrigerant flowing toward the second and third heat exchangers through the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant flowing toward the compressor during a heating operation. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 난방운전 시 상기 제1열교환기를 거친 냉매가 상기 제2팽창밸브를 우회하여 흐르도록 하는 제1우회배관과, 상기 제1우회배관에 설치된 제1체크밸브와, 냉방운전 시 상기 제2 및 제3열교환기를 거친 냉매가 상기 제1팽창밸브와 상기 회수열교환기를 우회하여 흐르도록 하는 제2우회배관과, 상기 제2우회배관에 설치된 제2체크밸브를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템.A first bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger to bypass the second expansion valve in a heating operation, a first check valve installed in the first bypass pipe, and the second and third in a cooling operation. And a second bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant passing through the heat exchanger to bypass the first expansion valve and the recovery heat exchanger, and a second check valve installed in the second bypass pipe. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, 난방운전 시 상기 제1열교환기로부터 상기 제1팽창밸브 쪽으로 흐르는 냉매가 상기 회수열교환기를 우회할 수 있도록 하는 제3우회배관과, 상기 제3우회배관의 개도조절을 위해 상기 제3우회배관에 설치된 조절밸브를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템.A third bypass pipe allowing the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger to the first expansion valve to bypass the recovery heat exchanger during heating operation, and installed in the third bypass pipe for controlling the opening degree of the third bypass pipe. Heat pump air conditioning system characterized in that it further comprises a control valve. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 압축기의 과열방지를 위해 고온 액상의 냉매를 상기 압축기의 흡입측으로 감압 팽창시켜 공급하는 과열방지장치를 더 포함하며,It further comprises an overheat prevention device for supplying by expanding the pressure of the high pressure liquid refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor to prevent overheating of the compressor, 상기 과열방지장치는 액상의 냉매가 흐르는 배관과 상기 압축기의 흡입측 배관을 연결하는 제4우회배관과, 상기 제4우회배관에 설치된 냉매팽창장치와, 상기 제4우회배관을 개폐하는 개폐밸브를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 히트펌프 냉난방시스템.The overheat prevention device includes a fourth bypass pipe connecting a pipe through which a liquid refrigerant flows and a suction side pipe of the compressor, a refrigerant expansion device installed in the fourth bypass pipe, and an on / off valve for opening and closing the fourth bypass pipe. Heat pump heating and cooling system comprising a.
KR1020080117357A 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 Heat pump cooling-heating system KR100961540B1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100721420B1 (en) 2006-07-11 2007-05-23 한국기계연구원 Heat pump system with means for heating and method for controlling thereof
KR100734904B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-07-06 공항시설관리 주식회사 Heat pump system for cooling and heating

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100734904B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-07-06 공항시설관리 주식회사 Heat pump system for cooling and heating
KR100721420B1 (en) 2006-07-11 2007-05-23 한국기계연구원 Heat pump system with means for heating and method for controlling thereof

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