KR100923521B1 - Device and method for emission control of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device and method for emission control of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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KR100923521B1
KR100923521B1 KR1020077029708A KR20077029708A KR100923521B1 KR 100923521 B1 KR100923521 B1 KR 100923521B1 KR 1020077029708 A KR1020077029708 A KR 1020077029708A KR 20077029708 A KR20077029708 A KR 20077029708A KR 100923521 B1 KR100923521 B1 KR 100923521B1
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fuel
internal combustion
combustion engine
reformer
exhaust gas
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KR20080015019A (en
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마띠아스 볼체
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에너다이 게엠베하
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D43/00—Conjoint electrical control of two or more functions, e.g. ignition, fuel-air mixture, recirculation, supercharging or exhaust-gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/1685—Control based on demand of downstream process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

본 발명은 NOX 촉매(14)를 포함하는 배기관(12)과, NOX 촉매(14)의 상류에서 배기관(12)으로 환원제를 전달하도록 구성된 환원제 피더(16)를 포함하는 내연 기관(10)의 배출물 제어를 위한 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 환원제 피더(16)는 내연 기관(10)에 의해 배기되는 가스와 연료를 반응시켜 환원제로서의 역할을 하는 개질물로 생성하도록 구성된 개질기(18)를 포함한다.The present invention is NO X For emission control of the catalyst 14, the exhaust pipe 12, the internal combustion engine 10 that includes a reducing agent feeder 16 is configured to deliver the reducing agent to the exhaust pipe 12 upstream of the NO X catalyst 14 containing Relates to a device. According to the present invention, the reducing agent feeder 16 includes a reformer 18 configured to react the gas exhausted by the internal combustion engine 10 with fuel to produce a reformer that acts as a reducing agent.

또한, 본 발명은 배기관(12)에 제공된 NOX 촉매(14)에 환원제가 공급되는 것인 내연 기관(10)의 배출물을 제어하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 이러한 구성에서는 개질기(18)에 의해 생성되는 개질물을 환원제로서 사용하며, 개질기(18)는 내연 기관(10)의 배기 가스와 연료로부터 개질물을 생성한다.In addition, the present invention provides the NO x provided to the exhaust pipe 12. A method of controlling the emissions of the internal combustion engine (10) in which a reducing agent is supplied to the catalyst (14). In this configuration, the reformate produced by the reformer 18 is used as a reducing agent, and the reformer 18 generates the reformate from the exhaust gas and the fuel of the internal combustion engine 10.

배기관, 내연 기관, 개질기, 개질물, 환원제 피더 Exhaust pipe, internal combustion engine, reformer, reformate, reducing agent feeder

Description

내연 기관의 배출물 제어를 위한 장치 및 방법{DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EMISSION CONTROL OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EMISSION CONTROL OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}

본 발명은 NOX 촉매를 포함하는 배기관과, NOX 촉매의 상류에서 배기관으로 환원제를 전달하도록 구성된 환원제 피더(reductant feeder)를 포함하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어를 위한 장치에 관한 것이다. 또한, 본 발명은 배기관에 제공된 NOX 촉매에 환원제를 공급하여 내연 기관의 배출물을 제어하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention and an exhaust pipe, NO X containing the NO X catalyst An apparatus for controlling emissions of an internal combustion engine comprising a reductant feeder configured to deliver a reducing agent upstream of a catalyst to an exhaust pipe. In addition, the present invention provides a NO x provided to the exhaust pipe The present invention relates to a method of controlling emissions of an internal combustion engine by supplying a reducing agent to a catalyst.

현대의 자동차와 관련된 한가지 문제점은 특히 높은 연소 챔버 온도의 엔진에서의 가솔린 또는 디젤의 연소에서 발생하는 질소 산화물(NOX)로 이루어진 배출물이다. NOX 배출물을 저감하기 위해, NOX를 저장하여 안전한 질소로 환원시키는 촉매 시스템이 공지되어 있다. DE 102 33 66 5 A1에는, 이러한 목적으로 NOX 촉매의 상류에 있는 배기관에 연료 형태의 환원제를 분사하는 것이 이미 공지되어 있다. DE 102 33 66 5 A1에 공지되어 있는 바와 같이 순수 연료를 분사하는 대신에, 개질물을 환원제로서 사용할 수 있다. 어떠한 종류의 환원제가 선택되든지 간에, 배기 시스템의 변동하는 배압(back pressure)을 상쇄시키는 배기관으로 유입될 필요가 있다. 이러한 목적으로, 종래 기술은 고성능 블로어, 공기 압축기 또는 인젝터를 사용하며, 이들 모두는 비용 증가와 빈번한 유지 보수를 수반한다.One problem associated with modern vehicles is the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) from combustion of gasoline or diesel, especially in engines with high combustion chamber temperatures. NO X In order to reduce emissions, catalyst systems are known which store NO x and reduce it to safe nitrogen. DE 102 33 66 5 A1, NO X for this purpose It is already known to inject a reducing agent in fuel form into an exhaust pipe upstream of the catalyst. Instead of injecting pure fuel as is known from DE 102 33 66 5 A1, the reformate can be used as reducing agent. Whatever type of reducing agent is selected, it needs to be introduced into the exhaust pipe to offset the fluctuating back pressure of the exhaust system. For this purpose, the prior art uses high performance blowers, air compressors or injectors, all of which involve increased costs and frequent maintenance.

본 발명의 목적은, 이제 배기 시스템의 변동하는 배압을 상쇄시키면서 배기관에 환원제를 도입하는 역할을 하고 빈번한 유지 보수를 필요로 하는 고가의 수단이 제거되도록 일반적인 장치 및 방법을 개선하는 것을 포함한다.It is now an object of the present invention to improve the general apparatus and method to serve to introduce a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe while canceling out the varying back pressure of the exhaust system and to eliminate expensive means requiring frequent maintenance.

이러한 목적은 독립항의 특징부에 의해 달성된다.This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims.

본 발명의 유리한 양태 및 다른 실시예는 종속항에 나타난다.Advantageous aspects and other embodiments of the invention appear in the dependent claims.

본 발명에 따른 장치는 환원제 피더가 엔진에 의해 배기된 가스와 연료를 반응시켜 환원제로서 기능하는 개질물을 생성하도록 구성된 개질기를 포함한다는 점에서 일반적인 종래 기술에 비해 개선점이 있다. 특히 디젤 엔진에 있어서, 엔진의 배기 가스는 연료뿐만 아니라 개질물을 생성하는 원료인 상당한 정도의 산소를 함유한다. 엔진 바로 하류에서 이러한 배기 가스를 분기시킬 때, 배기 가스는 그만큼 높은 압력 수준을 갖는다. 분기된 배기 가스의 이러한 높은 압력 수준으로 인해, 본 발명에 따르면, 개질물을 유입하는 데 필요한 압력을 생성하도록 종래 기술에서 필요로 하는 빈번한 수리가 요구되는 고가의 수단 없이도 NOX 촉매 상류에서 배기관으로 개질물을 유입시킬 수 있다. 분기된 배기 가스와 연료는 개질기에서 혼합되어 개질기 촉매에 공급된다. 부분적인 발열 산화 형태의 후속하는 반응에서, 어느 정도의 환원 가스, 즉 수소와 일산화탄소를 갖는 개질물 가스가 생성된다. 이러한 가스는 NOX 촉매에서 질소 산화물을 안정한 질소로 환원시키는 데 적합하다. The apparatus according to the invention is an improvement over the conventional prior art in that the reducing agent feeder comprises a reformer configured to react the gas exhausted by the engine with fuel to produce a reformer that functions as a reducing agent. In diesel engines in particular, the exhaust gas of the engine contains not only fuel but also a significant amount of oxygen, which is a raw material for producing the reformate. When branching these exhaust gases directly downstream of the engine, the exhaust gases have such high pressure levels. Due to this high pressure level of branched exhaust gases, according to the present invention, NO X without expensive means requiring frequent repairs required in the prior art to generate the pressure required to introduce the reformate. The reformate can be introduced into the exhaust pipe upstream of the catalyst. The branched exhaust gas and fuel are mixed in the reformer and fed to the reformer catalyst. In the subsequent reaction in the form of a partially exothermic oxidation, a reforming gas with some degree of reducing gas, ie hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is produced. These gases are NO X It is suitable for reducing nitrogen oxides to stable nitrogen in catalysts.

본 발명에 따른 장치에 있어서는 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스가 엔진의 바로 하류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어지는 경우가 특히 유리한 것으로 간주된다. 엔진의 바로 하류에서는 배기 가스의 압력이 높고, 따라서 배기관에서 배압을 상쇄시킨다는 점에서 개질물을 도입하는 데 매우 적합하다.In the device according to the invention it is considered particularly advantageous if the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer is obtained through a branch of an exhaust pipe disposed immediately downstream of the engine. Immediately downstream of the engine, the pressure of the exhaust gas is high, and therefore it is very suitable for introducing reformate in that it offsets the back pressure in the exhaust pipe.

본 발명에 따른 장치의 다른 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스가 배기 가스 계량기를 포함하는 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어진다. 이러한 배기 가스 계량기는, 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스를, 개질물을 생성하는 데 각각의 경우에 필요한 양만큼 도입할 수 있게 한다. 배기 가스 계량기는 개루프 또는 폐루프 제어로 작동할 수 있다.According to another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer is obtained through a branch of an exhaust pipe comprising an exhaust gas meter. Such an exhaust gas meter makes it possible to introduce the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer in an amount necessary in each case to produce the reformate. The exhaust gas meter can operate with open loop or closed loop control.

전술한 바와 같은 구성과 함께, 배기 가스 계량기는 밸브 장치를 포함할 수 있다. 이러한 밸브 장치는, 예컨대 배기 가스를 복귀시키는 밸브와 유사한 계량 밸브(metering valve)일 수 있다. In addition to the configuration as described above, the exhaust gas meter may include a valve device. Such a valve device may be a metering valve, for example similar to a valve for returning exhaust gas.

추가적으로 또는 대안으로서, 본 발명에 따른 장치에서는 배기 가스 계량기가 블로어를 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 블로어는 이 블로어에 공급되는 배기 가스의 높은 압력 수준으로 인해 종래 기술에서 필요한 것보다 훨씬 낮은 출력 수준을 갖도록 구성될 수 있다.Additionally or alternatively, in the apparatus according to the invention the exhaust gas meter may comprise a blower, such that the blower has a power level much lower than that required in the prior art due to the high pressure level of the exhaust gas supplied to the blower. Can be configured.

본 발명에 따른 장치는 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스가 NOX 촉매의 상류에 배치되는 다른 촉매의 상류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어지는 것을 장점으로 한다. 이러한 다른 촉매는, 예컨대 배기물 제어 시스템의 주 촉매일 수 있고, 배기 가스는 다른 촉매의 상류에서 얻어져 배기관에 있는 NOX 촉매로 유입된다. Device according to the invention the advantage that the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer is obtained through the branch of the exhaust pipe disposed upstream of the other catalyst is disposed upstream of the NO X catalyst. Such other catalysts are, for example, may be a main catalyst in the exhaust control system, the exhaust gas is obtained upstream of the other catalyst flows into the NO X catalyst in the exhaust pipe.

적어도 본 발명에 따른 장치의 몇몇 양태에서는, 연료 탱크로부터 연료를 펌핑하도록 구성된 연료 펌프를 포함한다. 연료 펌프는 특히, 각각의 경우에 연료 탱크로부터 개질물을 생성하는 데 필요한 양의 연료를 펌핑하는 연료 계량 펌프일 수 있다. 이러한 연료 펌프는 또한 개루프 또는 폐루프 제어를 특징으로 할 수 있다.In at least some aspects of the device according to the invention, it comprises a fuel pump configured to pump fuel from a fuel tank. The fuel pump may in particular be a fuel metering pump which in each case pumps the amount of fuel required to produce the reformate from the fuel tank. Such fuel pumps may also be characterized by open or closed loop control.

본 발명에 따른 장치의 또 다른 유리한 실시예에 따르면, 엔진에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인으로부터 연료가 얻어지고 연료 밸브 장치를 통해 개질기로 연료가 공급되며, 관련 연료 라인은 특히 가압 연료 라인, 예컨대 커먼 레일 리턴(common rail return)일 수 있다. 연료 밸브 장치는 특히, 각각의 경우에 개질물을 생성하는 데 필요한 양의 연료를 통과시키는 연료 계량 밸브일 수 있다. 이러한 연료 밸브 장치도 개루프 또는 폐루프 제어를 특징으로 할 수 있다. According to another advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, fuel is obtained from a fuel line of a fuel system in an engine and fueled through a fuel valve device to a reformer, the associated fuel line being in particular a pressurized fuel line, for example common It may be a common rail return. The fuel valve device may in particular be a fuel metering valve which in each case passes the amount of fuel required to produce the reformate. Such a fuel valve device may also be characterized as open loop or closed loop control.

본 발명에 따른 방법은, 개질기는 엔진의 배기 가스로부터 개질물을 생성하는 개질기에 의해 생성된 개질물을 환원제로서 사용한다는 점에서 종래 기술에 비해 개선점이 있다. 이러한 성과는 본 발명에 따른 장치에 대해 언급한 것과 동일한 장점과 특징을 갖고, 따라서 지루한 반복을 회피하기 위해서 본 발명에 따른 장치에 관련한 설명을 참고한다.The process according to the invention is an improvement over the prior art in that the reformer uses the reformate produced by the reformer to produce reformate from the exhaust gas of the engine as the reducing agent. This achievement has the same advantages and features as mentioned for the device according to the invention, and therefore reference is made to the description relating to the device according to the invention in order to avoid tedious repetition.

본 발명에 따른 방법의 다음의 바람직한 양태에 있어서도 동일하게 적용되며, 이들 양태에 대해서도 본 발명에 따른 장치에 관련한 설명을 참고한다.The same applies to the following preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention, with reference to the description relating to the device according to the invention also for these embodiments.

본 발명에 따른 방법의 바람직한 양태에서는, 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스는 엔진의 바로 하류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어진다. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer is obtained through a branch of an exhaust pipe disposed immediately downstream of the engine.

마찬가지로, 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스가 배기 가스 계량기를 포함하는 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어지는 것이 장점으로 간주된다.Likewise, it is considered an advantage that the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer is obtained through the branch of the exhaust pipe comprising the exhaust gas meter.

이러한 구성에서는, 배기 가스 계량기가 밸브 장치를 포함하는 것이 장점으로 간주된다.In this configuration, it is considered an advantage that the exhaust gas meter includes a valve device.

추가적으로 또는 대안으로서, 배기 가스 계량기가 블로어를 포함할 수 있다.Additionally or alternatively, the exhaust gas meter can include a blower.

본 발명에 따른 방법의 임의의 양태에서는, 개질기에 공급되는 배기 가스가 NOX 촉매의 상류에 배치되는 다른 촉매로의 입력부에 배치된 배기관의 분기부를 통해 얻어질 수 있다.In any embodiment of the process according to the invention, the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer may be obtained through the branch of the exhaust pipe disposed at the input of a different catalyst that is disposed upstream of the NO X catalyst.

또한 본 발명에 따른 방법에서, 연료 탱크로부터 연료를 펌핑하도록 구성된 연료 펌프가 포함되는 양태가 고려된다.Also contemplated in the method according to the invention is an aspect in which a fuel pump configured to pump fuel from a fuel tank is included.

이 경우, 추가적으로 또는 대안으로서 연료는 엔진에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인으로부터 얻어질 수 있고, 이 연료가 연료 밸브 장치를 통해 개질기에 공급될 수 있다.In this case, additionally or alternatively, fuel may be obtained from the fuel line of the fuel system in the engine, which may be supplied to the reformer via a fuel valve device.

특히 본 발명에 따른 성과에 있어서의 장점은, 개질기의 압력이 이제 항시 배기 가스의 압력 수준으로 되기 때문에, 시스템의 압력은 배기 시스템의 배기 배압, 나아가 엔진에서의 부하와 무관하다는 것이다. 즉, 개질기 장치를 통해 시스템의 압력은 이제 항시 실질적으로 일정하고 엔진의 부하와 배기 배압과 무관하게 된다.In particular, an advantage in the performance according to the invention is that the pressure of the system is independent of the exhaust back pressure of the exhaust system, furthermore the load on the engine, since the pressure of the reformer is now always at the pressure level of the exhaust gas. That is, through the reformer arrangement, the pressure in the system is now substantially constant at all times and independent of engine load and exhaust back pressure.

이제, 대응하는 첨부 도면을 참고로 하여 예로서 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명하겠다.The preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the corresponding accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 방법을 실시하기에 적합한 본 발명에 따른 장치의 제1 실시예를 도시한 개략적인 블럭 다이어그램이고,1 is a schematic block diagram showing a first embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention suitable for implementing a method according to the invention,

도 2는 마찬가지로 본 발명에 따른 방법을 실시하기에 적합한 본 발명에 따른 장치의 제2 실시예를 도시한 개략적인 블럭 다이어그램이다.Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram showing a second embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention which is likewise suitable for implementing the method according to the invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10 : 내연 기관10: internal combustion engine

13 : 배기관13: exhaust pipe

14 : NOX 촉매14: NO x catalyst

16 : 환원제 피더16: reducing agent feeder

18 : 개질기18: reformer

20 : 배기관의 분기부20: branch of the exhaust pipe

22 : 배기 가스 계량기22: exhaust gas meter

24 : 다른 촉매24: other catalyst

26 : 연료 펌프26: fuel pump

28 : 연료 탱크28: fuel tank

30 : 연료 시스템 라인30: fuel system line

32 : 연료 밸브 장치32: fuel valve device

동일 구성 요소는 도면에 동일 도면 부호로 표기하고, 반복을 피하기 위해 한번만 설명한다.Like elements are denoted by like reference numerals in the drawings and will be described only once to avoid repetition.

이제 도 1을 참고하면, NOX 촉매(14)와 주 촉매인 다른 촉매(24)를 포함하는 배기관(12)이 내연 기관(10)에 어떻게 배속되는지가 도시되어 있다. 내연 기관(10)의 바로 하류에는 배기 가스 계량기(22)를 통해 개질기(18)에 연결된 배기관의 분기부(20)가 배치된다. 도 1에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예에서, 배기 가스 계량기(22)는 배기 가스 계량 밸브에 의해 형성된다. 연료 탱크(28)로부터 계량된 연료를 개질기(18)에 공급하는 연료 펌프(26)가 제공된다. 배기관의 분기부(20), 배기 가스 계량기(22), 연료 펌프(26) 및 개질기(18)는 전부 함께 환원제 피더를 형성한다. 분기된 배기 가스와 급송된 연료가 개질기(18)에서 혼합되어, 개질기(18)의 구성 요소인 개질물 촉매(도시하지 않음)에 공급된다. 후속하는 반응에서, 어느 정도의 환원 가스, 즉 수소와 일산화탄소를 함유하는 가스상 개질물이 생성된다. 이러한 방식으로 생성된 개질물은 NOX 촉매(14) 상류에서 배기관(12)으로 유입된다. 개질기 압력이 항시 실제 배기 가스 압력으로 되기 때문에, 개질물이 배기 관(12)으로 도입될 시에 배기 배압을 극복하기 위한 특별한 수단을 필요로 하지 않는다. 개질기(18)를 통해, 이제 시스템의 압력이 본 발명에 따른 성과에 의해 실질적으로 일정하고 엔진 부하 및 배기 배압과 무관하게 된다. 계량 밸브 형태의 배기 가스 계량기(22)와 연료 펌프(26) 양자는 개루프 또는 폐루프 제어로 작동될 수 있다. 이러한 목적으로, 개질기(18)의 다른 구성 요소의 개루프 또는 폐루프 제어도 제공할 수 있는 제어기(도시하지 않음)가 제공될 수 있다. Referring now to FIG. 1, NO X It is shown how the exhaust pipe 12 comprising the catalyst 14 and another catalyst 24 as the main catalyst is assigned to the internal combustion engine 10. Directly downstream of the internal combustion engine 10 is a branch 20 of the exhaust pipe connected to the reformer 18 via an exhaust gas meter 22. In the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas meter 22 is formed by an exhaust gas metering valve. A fuel pump 26 is provided that supplies the fuel metered from the fuel tank 28 to the reformer 18. The branch 20 of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas meter 22, the fuel pump 26 and the reformer 18 all together form a reducing agent feeder. The branched exhaust gas and the fed fuel are mixed in the reformer 18 and supplied to a reformate catalyst (not shown) which is a component of the reformer 18. In the subsequent reaction, a gaseous reformate containing some reducing gas, ie hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is produced. The reformate produced in this way is introduced into the exhaust pipe 12 upstream of the NO x catalyst 14. Since the reformer pressure is always at the actual exhaust gas pressure, no special means are needed to overcome the exhaust back pressure when the reformate is introduced into the exhaust tube 12. Through the reformer 18, the pressure of the system is now substantially constant by the performance according to the invention and is independent of engine load and exhaust back pressure. Both the exhaust gas meter 22 and the fuel pump 26 in the form of a metering valve can be operated with open loop or closed loop control. For this purpose, a controller (not shown) can be provided that can also provide open or closed loop control of other components of the reformer 18.

이제 도 2를 참고하면, 마찬가지로 본 발명에 따른 방법을 실시하기에 적절한 본 발명에 따른 장치의 제2 실시예의 개략적인 블럭 다이어그램이 도시되어 있다. 도 2에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예는 배기 가스 계량기(22)가 블로어에 의해 형성되고 연료 펌프 대신에 연료 밸브 장치(32)가 제공된다는 점에서 도 1에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예와 다르다. 배기 가스 계량기(22)를 형성하는 블로어는 비교적 저출력의 블로어일 수 있는데, 그 이유는 배기관의 분기부(20)가 높은 배기 가스 압력으로 되기 때문이다. 연료 밸브 장치(32)는 내연 기관(10)에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인(30)과 개질기(18) 사이에 배치된 연료 계량 밸브에 의해 달성된다. 내연 기관(10)에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인(30)은 특히 가압 연료 라인, 예컨대 커먼 레일 리턴일 수 있다. 이러한 성과는, 충분히 높은 연료 압력이 이용 가능하다면 별도의 연료 펌프를 필요로 하지 않는다는 것을 발견한 데에 기초한다.Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a second embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, which is likewise suitable for implementing the method according to the invention. The embodiment as shown in FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1 in that the exhaust gas meter 22 is formed by a blower and a fuel valve device 32 is provided instead of the fuel pump. The blower forming the exhaust gas meter 22 may be a relatively low output blower because the branch 20 of the exhaust pipe is at a high exhaust gas pressure. The fuel valve device 32 is achieved by a fuel metering valve disposed between the reformer 18 and the fuel line 30 of the fuel system in the internal combustion engine 10. The fuel line 30 of the fuel system in the internal combustion engine 10 may in particular be a pressurized fuel line, for example a common rail return. This achievement is based on the finding that if a sufficiently high fuel pressure is available, no separate fuel pump is required.

도 2에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예에는 또한, 도 1에 관한 설명과 함께 이미 설명한 바와 같은 대응하는 구성 요소를 작동시키는 제어기(도시하지 않음)가 제공될 수 있다. 따라서, 배기 배압 및 엔진 부하와 무관한 작동의 장점이 도 2에 도 시한 바와 같은 실시예에도 마찬가지로 적용된다. The embodiment as shown in FIG. 2 may also be provided with a controller (not shown) for operating the corresponding component as already described with the description with respect to FIG. 1. Thus, the advantages of operation independent of exhaust back pressure and engine load also apply to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 2.

물론, 배기 가스 계량기가 도 2에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예에서 밸브 장치에 의해 형성될 수도 있으며, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같은 실시예에서는 블로어가 대안으로 사용하도록 배치될 수 있다는 것을 이해할 것이다.Of course, it will be appreciated that the exhaust gas meter may be formed by the valve arrangement in the embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, and in the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1 a blower may be arranged for alternative use.

전술한 상세한 설명, 도면에 기재되고, 또한 청구범위에 기재된 바와 같은 본 발명의 특징들은 그 자체로 또는 임의의 조합 모두가 본 발명을 달성하는 데 필수적일 것이라는 것을 이해해야 한다.It is to be understood that the features of the invention as set forth in the foregoing detailed description, drawings, and also as described in the claims, by themselves or in any combination, will be essential to achieving the invention.

Claims (16)

내연 기관(10)의 배출물 제어를 위한 장치로서,An apparatus for controlling emissions of an internal combustion engine 10, NOX 촉매(14)를 포함하는 배기관(12)과, 상기 NOX 촉매(14)의 상류에서 배기관(12)으로 환원제를 전달하도록 구성된 환원제 피더(reductant feeder)(16)를 포함하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치에 있어서,And NO X catalyst 14, an exhaust pipe 12 that includes, in an internal combustion engine including a reducing agent feeder (reductant feeder) (16) configured to deliver the reducing agent to the exhaust pipe 12 upstream of the NO X catalyst 14 Emission control device, 상기 환원제 피더(16)는 내연 기관(10)에 의해 배기되는 가스와 연료를 반응시켜 환원제로서의 역할을 하는 개질물을 생성하도록 구성된 개질기(18)를 포함하고,The reducing agent feeder 16 includes a reformer 18 configured to react a gas exhausted by the internal combustion engine 10 with fuel to produce a reformate that serves as a reducing agent, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 배기 가스는 블로어를 구비한 배기 가스 계량기(22)를 포함하는 배기관의 분기부(20)를 통해 얻어지며,The exhaust gas supplied to the reformer 18 is obtained through a branch 20 of the exhaust pipe comprising an exhaust gas meter 22 with a blower, 상기 배기관의 분기부(20)는 NOX 촉매(14)의 상류에 배치되는 다른 촉매(24)의 상류에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치.Emission control apparatus for an internal combustion engine characterized in that the branch (20) of the exhaust pipe is disposed upstream of the other catalyst 24 disposed upstream of the NO X catalyst 14. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 배기 가스는 내연 기관(10)의 바로 하류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부(20)를 통해 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치.2. An apparatus for controlling emissions of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer (18) is obtained through a branch (20) of an exhaust pipe disposed immediately downstream of the internal combustion engine (10). 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 배기 가스 계량기(22)는 밸브 장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치.3. An apparatus for controlling emissions of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust gas meter (22) comprises a valve device. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 연료 탱크(28)로부터 연료를 펌핑하도록 구성된 연료 펌프(26)를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fuel pump (26) configured to pump fuel from the fuel tank (28). 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 연료는 내연 기관에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인으로부터 얻어지고, 이 연료가 연료 밸브 장치(32)를 통해 개질기(18)에 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 장치.3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel is obtained from the fuel line of the fuel system in the internal combustion engine, and the fuel is supplied to the reformer 18 via the fuel valve device 32. Emission Control Device. 내연 기관(10)의 배출물 제어를 위한 방법으로서,As a method for controlling the emission of the internal combustion engine 10, 배기관(12)에 마련된 NOX 촉매(14)에 환원제를 공급하여 내연 기관의 배출물을 제어하는 방법에 있어서,In the method for controlling the discharge of the internal combustion engine by supplying a reducing agent to the NO x catalyst 14 provided in the exhaust pipe 12, 상기 내연 기관(10)의 배기 가스와 연료로부터 개질물을 생성하는 개질기(18)에 의해 생성된 개질물을 환원제로서 사용하고,Using the reformate produced by the reformer 18 which generates reformed from the exhaust gas and fuel of the internal combustion engine 10, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 배기 가스는 블로어를 구비한 배기 가스 계량기(22)를 포함하는 배기관의 분기부(20)를 통해 얻어지며,The exhaust gas supplied to the reformer 18 is obtained through a branch 20 of the exhaust pipe comprising an exhaust gas meter 22 with a blower, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 배기 가스는 NOX 촉매(14)의 상류에 배치되는 다른 촉매(24)의 상류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부(20)를 통해 얻어지는 것을 특징으로하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 방법.The exhaust gas supplied to the reformer 18 is the effluent of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that is obtained through a branch 20 of the exhaust pipe disposed upstream of the other catalyst 24 disposed upstream of the NO X catalyst 14 Control method. 제6항에 있어서, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 배기 가스는 내연 기관(10)의 바로 하류에 배치된 배기관의 분기부(20)를 통해 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 방법.7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the exhaust gas supplied to the reformer (18) is obtained through a branch (20) of the exhaust pipe disposed immediately downstream of the internal combustion engine (10). 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서, 상기 배기 가스 계량기(22)는 밸브 장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 방법.8. A method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the exhaust gas meter (22) comprises a valve device. 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서, 상기 개질기(18)에 공급되는 연료는 연료 펌프(26)에 의해 전달되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 방법.8. A method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fuel supplied to the reformer (18) is delivered by a fuel pump (26). 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서, 연료는 내연 기관에 있는 연료 시스템의 연료 라인으로부터 얻어지고, 이 연료가 연료 밸브 장치(32)를 통해 개질기(18)에 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관의 배출물 제어 방법. 8. The internal combustion engine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fuel is obtained from the fuel line of the fuel system in the internal combustion engine, and the fuel is supplied to the reformer 18 via the fuel valve device 32. Emission control method. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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