KR100742295B1 - Ni-w superconductor manufacturing process by continuous casting - Google Patents

Ni-w superconductor manufacturing process by continuous casting Download PDF

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KR100742295B1
KR100742295B1 KR1020060020965A KR20060020965A KR100742295B1 KR 100742295 B1 KR100742295 B1 KR 100742295B1 KR 1020060020965 A KR1020060020965 A KR 1020060020965A KR 20060020965 A KR20060020965 A KR 20060020965A KR 100742295 B1 KR100742295 B1 KR 100742295B1
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continuous casting
superconductor
manufacturing
alloy
melting
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조형호
조훈
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한국생산기술연구원
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2202/00—Physical properties
    • C22C2202/02—Magnetic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A manufacturing method for melting a metal nickel(Ni) is provided to be relatively inexpensive compared to powder in a vacuum induction melting furnace, adding tungsten(W) powder into melt, melting Ni-W alloy melt, and directly casting the molten Ni-W alloy into a sheet or wire rod using a continuous casting equipment. A method for manufacturing a Ni-W superconductor by continuous casting comprises the processes of: charging a metal nickel(Ni) into a crucible of a vacuum induction melting equipment, melting the metal nickel by induction heating, adding tungsten(W) powder into the nickel melt in a predetermined content, and melting the Ni-W alloy melt; extracting and casting a completely molten Ni-W alloy into a predetermined shape by a mold and a mold cooling and extracting device of a continuous casting equipment. The second process additionally includes the processes of; filling an inert gas into a chamber, and extracting and casting the molten Ni-W alloy into a sheet or wire rod shape at a temperature of 1650 deg.C or less by the continuous casting equipment; and cutting the sheet or wire rod that is extracted and cast into the predetermined shape to a desired length such that the cut sheet or wire rod can be used.

Description

연속주조법에 의한 Ｎｉ-Ｗ 초전도체 제조방법{Ｎｉ-Ｗ superconductor manufacturing process by continuous casting}Ni-Ｗ superconductor manufacturing process by continuous casting

도면은 본 발명에 따른 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조공정을 보여준다.The figure shows a Ni-W superconductor manufacturing process by the continuous casting method according to the present invention.

본 발명은 니켈(Ni)-텅스텐(W) 초전도체 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는, 분말에 비해 상대적으로 저가인 금속 니켈(Ni)을 원소재로 사용하여 용해-연속주조의 공정을 통해 Ni-W 초전도체를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing nickel (Ni) -tungsten (W) superconductor, and more particularly, by using metal nickel (Ni), which is relatively inexpensive compared to powder, through a process of dissolution-continuous casting A method for producing a Ni-W superconductor.

종래에는 니켈(Ni)을 기지로 하고 텅스텐(W)의 함량이 5wt.％ 이하인 초전도체를 제조하는 데 있어, Ni와 W 분말의 각각을 혼합한 후 금속제 통에 봉입(canning)한 후 압출 혹은 인발가공 등의 성형공정을 통하여 판(plate) 및 선(wire)의 형태로 제조하여 사용하였다. 이러한 종래 분말성형공정에 의한 초전도체 제조의 경우에는, 다음과 같은 문제점들이 제기되었다.Conventionally, in manufacturing a superconductor based on nickel (Ni) and having a content of tungsten (W) of 5 wt.% Or less, each of Ni and W powder is mixed and then encapsulated in a metal barrel, and then extruded or drawn out. It was manufactured and used in the form of a plate (plate) and a wire (wire) through a molding process such as processing. In the case of the superconductor manufacturing by the conventional powder molding process, the following problems were raised.

- 원소재로 고가의 Ni 및 W 분말을 사용하여야 함.-Expensive Ni and W powder should be used as raw materials.

- 금속재 통에 봉입(canning)하는 공정 및 소성가공 후 초전도체 외부를 감 싸고 있는 금속재를 벗겨내야 하는 공정을 거쳐야 함.-It must go through the process of enclosing (canning) the metal container and peeling off the metal material surrounding the outside of the superconductor after plastic processing.

- 압출이나 인발가공 등에서 필수적으로 스크랩(discard 등)이 발생하여 재료수율이 저하됨.-Scrap (discard, etc.) occurs in the extrusion or drawing process, the material yield is reduced.

따라서, 종래의 방법에 의해 제조하는 Ni-W 초전도체는 생산원가가 매우 높을 뿐 만 아니라 다수의 공정을 거침에 따라 초전도체의 오염(카본 등) 등이 심각한 상황이다.Therefore, the Ni-W superconductor manufactured by the conventional method not only has a very high production cost but also has a serious situation of contamination (carbon, etc.) of the superconductor due to many processes.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 전술한 점을 해소하기 위하여, 분말에 비해 상대적으로 저가인 금속 니켈(Ni)을 진공유도용해로에서 용해한 후 텅스텐(W) 분말을 용탕에 첨가하여 Ni-W 합금 용탕을 용해한 후 연속주조장치를 이용하여 판 및 선재로 바로 주조하는 제조방법을 제공함에 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned point, in order to solve the Ni-W alloy molten metal by dissolving metal nickel (Ni), which is relatively inexpensive compared to powder, in a vacuum induction furnace, and adding tungsten (W) powder to the molten metal. It provides a manufacturing method of casting directly into a plate and wire using a continuous casting device after melting.

이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법은, 니켈(Ni)-텅스텐(W) 초전도체 제조방법에 있어서, (1) 진공유도용해 장치에 의해 금속 니켈(Ni)을 용해한 후, 소정 함량의 텅스텐(W) 분말을 첨가하여 Ni-W 합금 용탕을 용해하는 공정, 및 (2) 연속주조 장치에 의해 완전히 용해된 Ni-W 합금을 소정의 형상으로 인출 및 주조하는 공정을 포함한다.Ni-W superconductor manufacturing method according to the continuous casting method of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the nickel (Ni) -tungsten (W) superconductor manufacturing method, (1) by vacuum induction dissolving apparatus ), Followed by adding a predetermined amount of tungsten (W) powder to melt the Ni-W alloy molten metal, and (2) drawing and casting the completely dissolved Ni-W alloy into a predetermined shape by a continuous casting apparatus. It includes a process to make.

이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 기술하기로 한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도면은 본 발명에 따른 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조 공정을 나타 낸다. The figure shows the manufacturing process of the Ni-W superconductor by the continuous casting method according to the present invention.

연속주조법(Continuous Casting)은 압연용 소재의 슬라브나 비레트(billet) 혹은 환봉과 같은 단순단면 모양의 제품을 용탕에서 직접 연속적으로 제조하는 방법을 말한다. 즉, 미리 수냉금형에 용탕을 주입하여 외반을 굳힌 성형물로 만들고, 이것을 롤(roll)로 밑으로 잡아당겨 그 과정에서 수냉응고 시킴과 아울러 수정의 단명모양으로 성형한다. 이것을 필요한 길이로 절단하여 제품으로 한다. 인고트(ingot)로 주조하는 공정이 생략되는 유리한 성질이 있어 처음 비철합금분야에서 개발되었지만 근년에는 제강방면에도 상당히 채택되어 가고 있다. 주철의 환봉도 이 방법으로 만들어 지고 있다. Continuous casting refers to a method of continuously producing simple cross-sectional products, such as slabs, billets, or round bars, of rolling materials directly from the molten metal. That is, the molten metal is injected into the water-cooling mold in advance to form a hardened molded product, which is pulled down with a roll to give water-cooled coagulation in the process and molded into a crystal short-lived shape. Cut this into the required length to make the product. The ingot casting process is advantageously omitted, which was first developed in the field of non-ferrous alloys, but in recent years it has been adopted in steelmaking. Round bars of cast iron are also made this way.

이러한 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조공정을 설명하면, 우선 진공유도용해 장치의 도가니에 금속 니켈(Ni)을 장입하고, 유도가열 방식에 의해 도가니에 장입된 Ni을 용해한다(공정 1). 그런 다음, 텅스텐(W) 분말을 소정의 함량 즉, 0.001 내지 5％ 중량 이하에 맞추어 Ni 용탕에 첨가한다(공정 2). 첨가된 W이 Ni 용탕에 완전히 용해(dissolution)될 때까지 1700℃ 이하의 소정 온도로 유지한다(공정 3). 이때, 도가니 등이 위치하는 챔버는 진공을 유지하며 진공도는 10-3토로(torr)를 유지한다. 이때, 흑연 도가니 내벽에 지르코니아(zirconia)(ZrO2) 등의 내화물(refractories)을 도포하여 용탕과 흑연 도가니와의 접촉을 방지할 수도 있다.In describing the Ni-W superconductor manufacturing process by the continuous casting method, first, metal nickel (Ni) is charged into a crucible of a vacuum induction melting apparatus, and Ni charged into the crucible is dissolved by induction heating (step 1). Then, tungsten (W) powder is added to the Ni molten metal to a predetermined content, that is, 0.001 to 5% by weight or less (step 2). The added W is maintained at a predetermined temperature of 1700 ° C. or less until fully dissolved in the Ni molten metal (step 3). At this time, the chamber in which the crucible is located maintains a vacuum and the degree of vacuum is maintained at 10 -3 torr. In this case, refractory materials such as zirconia (ZrO 2) may be applied to the inner wall of the graphite crucible to prevent contact between the molten metal and the graphite crucible.

Ni-W 합금 용탕의 용해공정이 완료되면, 챔버내를 아르곤(Ar) 등의 불활성 분위기로 채운 후(1기압), 도가니 하부에 설치된 연속주조장치의 주형(mold), 주형 냉각 및 인출장치를 이용하여 1650℃ 이하의 온도에서 소정의 형상 즉, 판 및 선재 의 형태로 인출 및 주조한다(공정 4). 연속주조시 인출속도의 범위는 250㎜/min 이하로 한다. 연속주조시 스타팅 바(starting bar)의 형상은 주조하고자 하는 형상 즉, 폭 100㎜ 이하 두께 30㎜ 이하의 판 및 직경 15㎜ 이하의 선에 맞추어 제작하고 재료는 W이나 몰리브덴(Mo) 등의 고융점 금속을 사용한다.After the melting process of the Ni-W alloy molten metal is completed, the chamber is filled with an inert atmosphere such as argon (Ar) (1 atm), and then the mold, mold cooling, and take-out device of the continuous casting apparatus installed under the crucible is removed. Withdrawal and casting in a predetermined shape, i.e., plate and wire rod, at a temperature of 1650 ° C. or less (step 4). The draw rate during continuous casting should be 250 mm / min or less. During continuous casting, the shape of the starting bar is made according to the shape to be cast, that is, a plate with a width of 100 mm or less and a thickness of 30 mm or less and a line with a diameter of 15 mm or less, and the material is made of W, molybdenum (Mo), etc. Use a melting point metal.

소정의 형상으로 인출 및 주조된 판재 및 선재를 원하는 길이로 절단하여 초전도체 제조에 사용한다(공정 5).The plate and wire rods drawn out and cast into a predetermined shape are cut into desired lengths and used for the production of superconductors (step 5).

Ni-W 연속주조장치에 사용된 주형(mold)은 흑연 혹은 Si3N4 혹은 10％ BN을 함유하는 Si3N4 세라믹을 단독으로 사용하거나 혹은 흑연주형내에 응고가 발생하는 지점에 Si3N4 혹은 BN을 함유하는 Si3N4 세라믹을 삽입하여 사용한다. BN이나 Si3N4 등은 흑연(graphite)에 비해 상대적으로 고가이므로 실제 응고가 일어나면서 용탕이 반응하는 곳에만 세라믹을 사용한다. 이는 연속주조시 응고중에 발생할 수 있는 용탕의 오염을 최소화함과 동시에 윤활성을 부여하여 연속주조된 주괴의 표면을 미려하게 하기 위함이다.The mold used in the Ni-W continuous casting apparatus uses graphite or Si3N4 ceramic containing Si3N4 or 10% BN alone or solidification occurs in the graphite mold. Si3N4 or Si3N4 ceramic containing BN is inserted at this point. Since BN and Si3N4 are relatively expensive compared with graphite, ceramics are used only where the molten metal reacts as solidification occurs. This is to minimize the contamination of the molten metal which may occur during solidification during continuous casting and to give lubricity to the surface of the continuous cast ingot.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법은, 분말에 비하여 상대적으로 저가인 금속 Ni을 원소재로 사용함으로써 제조원가의 절감을 기대할 수 있으며, 분말-봉입(canning)-압출 혹은 인발-탈피-절단 등 다수의 복잡한 성형공정 대신 용해-연속주조의 공정 단순화를 꾀할 수 있으므로 생산공정에서의 원가 절감 및 재료수율향상에 의한 원가점감 효과를 기대할 수 있다.As described above, the Ni-W superconductor manufacturing method according to the continuous casting method of the present invention can be expected to reduce the manufacturing cost by using a metal Ni, which is relatively inexpensive compared to the powder as raw materials, powder-canning- Instead of a number of complex molding processes such as extrusion or drawing-peeping-cutting, the process of melting-continuous casting can be simplified, resulting in cost reduction in production and improved material yield.

또한, 다수의 공정에서 발생할 수 있는 오염의 원인을 근본적으로 차단할 수 있으므로 고품질/고순도의 Ni-W 초전도체 제조가 가능하다.In addition, since it is possible to fundamentally block the cause of contamination that can occur in a number of processes it is possible to manufacture high-quality / high-purity Ni-W superconductor.

Claims (6)

니켈(Ni)-텅스텐(W) 초전도체 제조방법에 있어서,In the nickel (Ni) -tungsten (W) superconductor manufacturing method, (1) 진공유도용해 장치의 도가니에 금속 니켈(Ni)을 장입하고 유도가열 방식에 의해 용해한 후, 소정 함량의 텅스텐(W) 분말을 첨가하여 Ni-W 합금 용탕을 용해하는 공정; 및(1) charging metal nickel (Ni) into a crucible of a vacuum induction melting apparatus and dissolving by induction heating, and then dissolving the Ni-W alloy molten metal by adding a predetermined amount of tungsten (W) powder; And (2) 연속주조 장치의 주형(mold), 주형냉각 및 인출장치에 의해 완전히 용해된 Ni-W 합금을 소정의 형상으로 인출 및 주조하는 공정을 포함하는 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법.(2) A method of manufacturing Ni-W superconductors by the continuous casting method, comprising the steps of drawing and casting a Ni-W alloy completely dissolved by a mold, a mold cooling and a drawing apparatus of the continuous casting apparatus into a predetermined shape. 삭제delete 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 Ni-W 초전도체 합금을 용해시 용탕의 카본 오염을 방지하기 위해, Ni-W 합금 용융에 사용되는 도가니 내벽에 지르코니아(ZrO2)로 된 내화물을 도포함을 특징으로 하는 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein in order to prevent carbon contamination of the molten metal when the Ni-W superconductor alloy is dissolved, a refractory made of zirconia (ZrO2) is coated on the inner wall of the crucible used for melting the Ni-W alloy. Ni-W superconductor manufacturing method by the casting method. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 공정 (2)는 The process according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) (2a) 챔버내를 불활성 분위기로 채운 후 연속주조 장치에 의해 1650℃ 이하의 온도에서 판 및 선재 형상으로 인출 및 주조하는 공정; 및(2a) filling the inside of the chamber with an inert atmosphere and then drawing and casting it into a plate and wire shape at a temperature of 1650 ° C. or lower by a continuous casting apparatus; And (2b) 소정의 형상으로 인출 및 주조된 판재 및 선재를 원하는 길이로 절단하여 사용하는 공정을 구비함을 특징으로 하는 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법.(2b) A method of manufacturing a Ni-W superconductor by the continuous casting method, comprising the step of cutting and using a plate and a wire rod drawn and cast into a predetermined shape to a desired length. 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 연속주조에 사용되는 흑연 주형(graphite mold) 내벽에 Si3N4나 10％ BN을 함유하는 Si3N4 세라믹을 삽입함을 특징으로 하는 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법.The method of manufacturing a Ni-W superconductor according to the continuous casting method according to claim 4, wherein a Si3N4 ceramic containing Si3N4 or 10% BN is inserted into an inner wall of the graphite mold used for the continuous casting. 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 연속주조시 스타팅 바(starting bar)로 텅스텐(W)이나 몰리브덴(Mo)의 고융점 금속을 사용함을 특징으로 하는 연속주조법에 의한 Ni-W 초전도체 제조방법.The method of manufacturing a Ni-W superconductor according to claim 4, wherein a high melting point metal of tungsten (W) or molybdenum (Mo) is used as a starting bar during the continuous casting.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5232901A (en) 1990-03-08 1993-08-03 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Inc. Method of producing superconducting ceramic wire having protective metal coating thereon
JPH08165528A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-25 Japan Energy Corp Production of high purity refractory metal or alloy
WO2000060132A1 (en) 1999-04-03 2000-10-12 Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstofforschung Dresden e.V. Nickel-based metallic material and method for producing same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5232901A (en) 1990-03-08 1993-08-03 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Inc. Method of producing superconducting ceramic wire having protective metal coating thereon
JPH08165528A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-25 Japan Energy Corp Production of high purity refractory metal or alloy
WO2000060132A1 (en) 1999-04-03 2000-10-12 Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstofforschung Dresden e.V. Nickel-based metallic material and method for producing same

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