KR100731601B1 - An apparatus and method in the nc lathe for the prevention of clashing tool post - Google Patents

An apparatus and method in the nc lathe for the prevention of clashing tool post Download PDF

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KR100731601B1
KR100731601B1 KR1020060084914A KR20060084914A KR100731601B1 KR 100731601 B1 KR100731601 B1 KR 100731601B1 KR 1020060084914 A KR1020060084914 A KR 1020060084914A KR 20060084914 A KR20060084914 A KR 20060084914A KR 100731601 B1 KR100731601 B1 KR 100731601B1
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South Korea
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servo motors
tool
servo motor
unit
tool post
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KR1020060084914A
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Korean (ko)
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김정욱
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한화테크엠주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
    • B23Q17/2208—Detection or prevention of collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
    • B23B25/04—Safety guards specially designed for turning machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
    • B23Q15/225—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece in feed control, i.e. approaching of tool or work in successive decreasing velocity steps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4061—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
    • G05B23/0267—Fault communication, e.g. human machine interface [HMI]
    • G05B23/027—Alarm generation, e.g. communication protocol; Forms of alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2717/00—Arrangements for indicating or measuring
    • B23Q2717/003—Arrangements for indicating or measuring in lathes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus and method in the NC lathe for preventing clashing a tool post are provided to detect positions of servo motors in real time and to prevent the servo motors from colliding with each other. An apparatus in the NC lathe for preventing clashing a tool post includes servo motors to control movements of respective tool posts, a servo motor controller to control the servo motors, a position detecting unit to detect positions of the servo motors in real time, a parameter unit to set an inhibit area of the servo motors and to generate a signal when the servo motors enter the inhibit area, and a PMC unit to emergently control the servo motors according to the signal generated by the parameter unit. The NC lathe includes a front tool post(1a) to cut a front side of a workpiece, a cross tool post(1b) to cut sides of the workpiece, an outer circumference tool post(1c), a rear side tool post(2) to cut a rear side of the workpiece, and another front tool post(3) to cut an eccentric hole in front of the workpiece. A main shaft(4) to chuck rod or pipe type workpiece and a sub-shaft(5) includes servo motors.

Description

자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법{An apparatus and method in the NC lathe for the prevention of clashing tool post}An apparatus and method in the NC lathe for the prevention of clashing tool post}

도 1은 본 발명의 개념도1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention

도 2는 본 발명의 사용예시도2 is a use example of the present invention

도 3은 본 발명의 진행과정 플로우챠트3 is a flow chart of the present invention.

< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

1a. 정면공구대 1b. 크로스공구대 1c. 외경공구대1a. Front tool stand 1b. Cross tool stand 1c. Outer diameter tool bench

2. 배면공구대 3. 정면공구대 4. 주축2. Back tool stand 3. Front tool stand 4. Spindle

5. 서브축5. Sub axis

X1, Y1, Z1 : 계통1의 x,y,z축 원점X 1 , Y 1 , Z 1 : Origin of the x, y, z axis of grid 1

X2, Z2 : 계통2의 x, z축 원점X 2 , Z 2 : Origin of the x and z axes of grid 2

본 발명은 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 다수의 공구대가 장착되고 상기 공구대를 서보모터로서 제어하는 자동선반에 서보모터제어부를 통해 서보모터의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하며, 상기 서보모터의 금지영역을 파라메터부로 설정하여 둘 이상의 서보모터가 금지영역으로 들어올 경우 비상 신호를 발생시켜 서보모터를 비상제어하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a tool stand collision preventing device and method of an automatic lathe, and more particularly, a plurality of tool posts are mounted on the automatic lathe for controlling the tool stand as a servo motor. The servo motor is emergency controlled by generating an emergency signal when two or more servo motors enter a prohibited area by setting the prohibited area of the servo motor as a parameter unit.

일반적으로 자동선반은 하나의 기계로 복잡한 부품의 가공을 완료하기를 원하는 사용자들의 요구에 의해 보다 많은 공구대가 장착되고 있는 추세이며, 이로 인해 공구대들 간의 충돌이 발생하여 기계가 파손될 위험이 높다.In general, automatic lathes are being installed with more tool posts at the request of users who want to complete the processing of complex parts with a single machine, and thus, there is a high risk of machine breakage due to collision between tool posts.

이는 다계통 다축이 있는 선반에서는 공구대의 이송과 관련하여 서로가 가공영역을 공유함으로써 사용자가 프로그램을 실수로 입력하게 되면 공구대끼리 충돌할 수 있다.This is because on a lathe with multi-system multi axes, tool bars may collide with each other if a user accidentally inputs a program by sharing a machining area with respect to the movement of the tool bar.

종래의 자동(수치제어) 선반의 공구대 충돌감지장치로는 대한민국 실용공개 제2001-0001938호와 같은 것이 있는데, 이런 종래의 충돌감지장치는 터렛형공구대에 충돌을 방지하는 도그를 감지단에 근접 설치하여 상기 감지단에 다른 물체(공구대)가 감지되면 기계를 비상 정지시켜 충돌을 방지하는 장치이다.Conventional tool bar collision detection device of the automatic (numeric control) lathe is the same as the Republic of Korea Utility Publication No. 2001-0001938, such a conventional collision detection device to the dog to prevent the collision to the turret-type tool bench It is a device that prevents a collision by emergency stop of the machine when another object (tool stand) is detected in the detection stage by installing close.

이런 충돌감지장치는 다른 공구대나 물체가 감지단에 직접적으로 닿아야만 그 충돌을 감지할 수 있는데, 상기 감지단의 설치 길이 및 설치 각도에 의해서만 충돌을 감지할 수 있어서 그 감지범위가 작을 수밖에 없으며, 감지영역을 늘이기 위해서는 도그의 크기를 크게 하거나 그 수를 늘려야만 되므로 자동선반의 공간활용이 제약될 수밖에 없다. 또한, 보다 큰 문제점은 가공으로 인해 발생되는 칩과 절삭유 등으로 인해 감지의 오작동이 빈번하게 발생할 수밖에 없다.Such a collision detection device can detect the collision only when another tool bar or an object directly touches the detection stage. The collision detection device can only detect the collision by the installation length and the installation angle of the detection stage. In order to increase the detection area, the size of the dog must be increased or the number of dogs must be increased. In addition, a larger problem is that malfunctions of the sensing are frequently generated due to chips and cutting oil generated due to processing.

따라서, 본 발명은 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법을 제공함에 있어 공구대를 제어하는 서보모터들의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하고 상기 서보모터들의 금지영역을 설정하여 하나 이상의 공구대가 금지영역에 같이 들어올 경우 자동적으로 서보모터들을 비상 제어할 수 있는 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool stand collision preventing device and method of an automatic lathe in real time to detect the position of the servo motors that control the tool stand and set the prohibited area of the servo motors, such that at least one tool stand is in the prohibited area. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool bar collision prevention device and method of an automatic lathe capable of automatically emergency control of servo motors.

또한, 서보모터의 위치만 확인이 된다면 그 위치값에 의해 충돌을 방지할 수 있어 오작동의 위험이 거의 없는 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법을 제공하는데 또 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, if only the position of the servo motor can be confirmed, the collision can be prevented by the position value, there is another object to provide a tool stand collision preventing device and method of the automatic lathe almost no risk of malfunction.

본 발명은 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 다수의 공구대가 장착되고 상기 공구대를 서보모터로서 제어하는 자동선반에 서보모터제어부를 통해 서보모터의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하며, 상기 서보모터의 금지영역을 파라메터부로 설정하여 둘 이상의 서보모터가 금지영역으로 들어올 경우 비상 신호를 발생시켜 서보모터를 비상제어하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a tool stand collision preventing device and method of an automatic lathe, and more particularly, a plurality of tool posts are mounted on the automatic lathe for controlling the tool stand as a servo motor. The servo motor is emergency controlled by generating an emergency signal when two or more servo motors enter a prohibited area by setting the prohibited area of the servo motor as a parameter unit.

본 발명은 다수의 공구대가 장착되어 있는 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치에 있어서, 각 공구대의 움직임을 제어하는 서보모터들과, 상기 서보모터들을 제어하는 서보모터제어부와, 상기 서보모터들의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하는 위치검출부와, 상기 서보모터들의 금지영역을 설정하고 금지영역에 들어올 경우 신호를 발생시키는 파라메터부와, 상기 파라메터부에서 발생된 신호에 따라 서보모터를 비상 제어하는 PMC부로 구성되어 있다.The present invention provides a tool restraint collision prevention device of an automatic lathe equipped with a plurality of tool rests, comprising: servo motors for controlling movement of each tool rest, a servo motor control part for controlling the servo motors, and positions of the servo motors. It consists of a position detecting unit for detecting in real time, a parameter unit for setting a prohibited area of the servo motors and generating a signal when entering the prohibited area, and a PMC unit for emergency control of the servo motor according to the signal generated by the parameter unit. .

이하, 첨부된 도면에 의해 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

먼저, 도 1은 본 발명의 개념도이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 사용예시도로서, 도 2에 도시된 자동선반에는 공작물의 정면을 가공하는 정면공구대(1a), 측면을 가공하는 크로스공구대(1b) 및 외경공구대(1c), 그리고 공작물의 배면을 가공하는 배면공구대(2)와, 공작물의 정면에서 주로 편심된 홀 등을 가공하는 또 다른 정면공구대(3)가 구성되어 있다.First, Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention, Figure 2 is an exemplary view of the use of the present invention, the automatic tool shown in Figure 2 is a front tool stand (1a) for processing the front of the workpiece, cross tool bench for processing the side (1b) and the outer diameter tool stand 1c, the back tool stand 2 which processes the back side of a workpiece | work, and the other front tool stand 3 which processes holes etc. mainly eccentric in the front of a workpiece | work are comprised. .

그리고, 봉이나 파이프 형태의 공작물이 들어오고 척킹되는 주축(4, 메인스핀들)과 서브축(5, 서브스핀들)에도 서보모터가 형성되어 있다.In addition, a servomotor is also formed in the main shaft 4 (main spindles) and the sub-axis 5 (subspindles) into which the workpiece in the form of rods or pipes enters and is chucked.

미설명부호 X1, Y1, Z1은 계통1의 x,y,z축 원점이고, X2, Z2는 계통2의 x, z축 원점으로서, 상기 원점들을 기준으로 하여 서보모터의 현위치 값을 확인한다.Unexplained symbols X 1 , Y 1 , Z 1 are origins of x, y, z axis of system 1, X 2 , Z 2 are origins of x, z axis of system 2, and the chord of servo motor Check the position value.

상술한 계통1은 정면공구대(1a), 크로스공구대(1b), 외경공구대(1c) 전체를 지시하는 것이며, 계통2는 또 다른 정면공구대(3)를 지시하는 것이다.The above-described system 1 indicates the front tool stand 1a, the cross tool stand 1b, and the outer diameter tool stand 1c as a whole, and the system 2 indicates another front tool stand 3.

여기서, 각 공구대의 후방에는 공구대를 제어하는 서보모터(도시하지 않음)가 형성되어 있으며, 상기 서보모터는 서보모터제어부에 의해 제어되며, 상기 서보모터의 실시간 위치는 위치검출부에 의해 검출된다. 또한, 파라메터부는 각 서보모터들의 금지영역을 설정해놓는데 금지영역이란 공작물의 가공시 각 공구대들이 중복될 수 있는 영역을 말한다.Here, a servo motor (not shown) for controlling the tool post is formed behind each tool post, and the servo motor is controlled by the servo motor controller, and the real-time position of the servo motor is detected by the position detector. In addition, the parameter part sets the prohibited area of each servomotor. The prohibited area refers to an area where respective tool posts can overlap when machining a workpiece.

즉, 하나의 공작물을 가공하기 위해서는 공구대들 간에 가공영역이 중복될 수밖에 없으며 이 중복영역을 금지영역으로 설정한다. That is, in order to process a single workpiece, the machining areas must overlap between tool posts, and this overlapping area is set as a prohibited area.

결국, 금지영역으로 하나의 서보모터가 들어오게 되면 파라메터부에서 후술할 F신호가 발생되어 출력되고 PMC부(프로그래머블 머신 컨트롤러)는 파라메터부에서 발생된 신호를 바탕으로 서보모터를 비상 제어한다.As a result, when one servo motor enters into the prohibited area, an F signal to be described later is generated and output from the parameter unit, and the PMC unit (programmable machine controller) emergencyly controls the servo motor based on the signal generated from the parameter unit.

예로서, 정면공구대, 크로스공구대, 외경공구대 중 어느 하나가 중복영역에 들어와 가공을 하고 있으면, 파라메터부에서는 PMC부에 공구대가 중복영역에 들어와 있다는 신호(이하 'F'신호라 한다)를 보내게 되고, F신호가 들어와 있는 상태에서 또 다른 정면공구대가 중복영역에 들어오게 되면 다시 F신호를 보내어 두 개의 F신호가 PMC부로 들어오게 되면 서보모터제어부에 비상제어신호를 보내게 된다.For example, if any one of the front tool stand, cross tool stand, and outer tool stand enters the overlapping area and is being processed, the parameter part signals that the tool bar is in the overlapping area (hereinafter referred to as 'F' signal). If another front tool stand enters the overlapping area with the F signal in, the F signal is sent again, and when the two F signals enter the PMC unit, the emergency control signal is sent to the servo motor control unit.

도 3은 본 발명의 진행과정 플로우챠트로서, 가공을 시작하면 현재 가공을 하는 서보모터의 위치를 감지하여 금지영역이 아니라면 정상적인 가공을 진행하고, 금지영역이라면 파라메터부에서 PMC부로 F신호를 보내게 된다. 이때 하나의 F신호만 들어온 상태이면 계속 가공을 진행하게 되고 또 다른 서보모터가 금지영역으로 들어오게 되면 파라메터부에서 두 개의 F신호를 PMC부로 보내어 상기 PMC부가 서보모터제어부로 비상제어신호를 보내어 서보모터를 비상 제어하게 된다.Figure 3 is a flow chart of the process of the present invention, if the start of the process to detect the position of the servomotor currently processing to proceed with normal processing if not the prohibited area, if the prohibited area to send the F signal from the parameter unit to the PMC unit do. At this time, if only one F signal is in the state, processing continues and if another servo motor enters the prohibited area, two F signals are sent from the parameter unit to the PMC unit, and the PMC unit sends an emergency control signal to the servo motor control unit. Emergency control of the motor.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치 및 방법은 공구대를 제어하는 서보모터들의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하고 상기 서보모터들의 금지영역을 설정하여 하나 이상의 공구대가 금지영역에 같이 들어올 경우 자동적으로 서보모터들을 비상 제어할 수 있다.As described above, the tool stand collision preventing device and method of the automatic lathe according to the present invention detects the positions of the servo motors for controlling the tool stand in real time and sets the prohibition area of the servo motors so that one or more tool posts are placed in the prohibition area. When it comes in together, it can automatically control servomotors.

또한, 서보모터의 위치만 확인이 된다면 그 위치값에 의해 충돌을 방지할 수 있어 오작동의 위험이 거의 없게 된다In addition, if only the position of the servomotor is confirmed, the collision can be prevented by the position value, so there is almost no risk of malfunction.

Claims (2)

다수의 공구대가 장착되어 있는 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치에 있어서,In the tool bar collision prevention device of an automatic lathe equipped with a plurality of tool bars, 각 공구대의 움직임을 제어하는 서보모터들과, 상기 서보모터들을 제어하는 서보모터제어부와, 상기 서보모터들의 위치를 실시간으로 검출하는 위치검출부와, 상기 서보모터들의 금지영역을 설정하고 금지영역에 들어올 경우 F신호를 발생시키는 파라메터부와, 상기 파라메터부에서 발생된 신호에 따라 서보모터를 비상 제어하는 PMC부로 구성된 것이 특징인 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지장치Servo motors for controlling the movement of each tool stand, a servo motor controller for controlling the servo motors, a position detector for detecting the position of the servo motors in real time, and a prohibited area of the servo motors are set and entered into the prohibited area. In the case of an automatic shelf tool stand collision prevention device, characterized in that consisting of a parameter unit for generating an F signal, and a PMC unit for emergency control of the servo motor according to the signal generated from the parameter unit 다수의 공구대가 장착되어 있는 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지방법에 있어서,In the tool bar collision prevention method of an automatic lathe equipped with a plurality of tool bars, 상기 공구대를 서보모터로서 제어하고, 상기 서보모터를 서보모터제어부로서 제어하며, 상기 서보모터의 위치를 위치검출부에서 실시간 검출하여, 파라메터부에서 설정한 금지영역에 서보모터가 들어올 경우 F신호를 발생시켜 PMC부로 보내고, 또 다른 서보모터가 금지영역에 들오올 경우 또 다른 F신호를 PMC부로 보내어 두 개 이상의 F신호가 PMC부로 들어오게 되면 비상제어신호를 발생시켜 서보모터들을 비상 제어하는 것이 특징인 자동선반의 공구대 충돌방지방법The tool post is controlled as a servo motor, the servo motor is controlled as a servo motor control unit, the position of the servo motor is detected by the position detecting unit in real time, and when the servo motor enters the forbidden area set by the parameter unit, an F signal is generated. It generates and sends to the PMC unit, when another servo motor enters the prohibited area, it sends another F signal to the PMC unit, and when two or more F signals enter the PMC unit, it generates an emergency control signal to emergency control the servo motors. Method of collision prevention of automatic stand
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113843423A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-28 湖北文特斯智能科技有限公司 Lathe control method for preventing tool rest from being impacted
KR20230072047A (en) 2021-11-17 2023-05-24 현대위아 주식회사 Device for detecting tool collision and preventing breakage in machine tools

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2628926B2 (en) 1990-04-26 1997-07-09 ファナック株式会社 Processing head interference prevention method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2628926B2 (en) 1990-04-26 1997-07-09 ファナック株式会社 Processing head interference prevention method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113843423A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-28 湖北文特斯智能科技有限公司 Lathe control method for preventing tool rest from being impacted
CN113843423B (en) * 2021-10-26 2024-02-27 湖北文特斯智能科技有限公司 Lathe control method for preventing tool rest from collision
KR20230072047A (en) 2021-11-17 2023-05-24 현대위아 주식회사 Device for detecting tool collision and preventing breakage in machine tools

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