KR100681557B1 - Boil off gas reliquefaction treatment system of liquefied natural gas carrier - Google Patents

Boil off gas reliquefaction treatment system of liquefied natural gas carrier Download PDF

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KR100681557B1
KR100681557B1 KR1020050116189A KR20050116189A KR100681557B1 KR 100681557 B1 KR100681557 B1 KR 100681557B1 KR 1020050116189 A KR1020050116189 A KR 1020050116189A KR 20050116189 A KR20050116189 A KR 20050116189A KR 100681557 B1 KR100681557 B1 KR 100681557B1
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South Korea
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reliquefaction
gas
boil
nitrogen
compressor
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KR1020050116189A
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Korean (ko)
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권순빈
김남수
김병열
안영주
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

A boil-off gas reliquefaction treatment system of a liquefied natural gas carrier is provided to add a process of selectively separating nitrogen contained in boil-off gas to reduce design capability of a reliquefaction process. A boil-off gas reliquefaction treatment system of a liquefied natural gas carrier includes an LNG tank(1), an LD compressor(2), a reliquefaction apparatus(3), and a nitrogen removal apparatus(4). The LNG tank is connected to the LD compressor to perform reliquefaction treatment of boil-off gas. The reliquefaction apparatus is directly connected to the LD compressor. The nitrogen removal apparatus selectively removes nitrogen of boil-off gas of the LNG tank generated by an external heat source. The nitrogen removal apparatus is disposed between the LD compressor and the reliquefaction apparatus to reduce design capability of a reliquefaction process.

Description

엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템{Boil off gas reliquefaction treatment system of liquefied natural gas carrier}Boil off gas reliquefaction treatment system of liquefied natural gas carrier

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템을 나타낸 블록도1 is a block diagram showing a boil-off gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system according to the present invention

도 2는 본 발명의 다른실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템을 나타낸 블록도Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a boil-off gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system according to another embodiment of the present invention

도 3은 종래 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템을 나타낸 블록도Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a conventional boil-off gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1 : 엘엔지탱크 2 : LD콤프레셔1: L & G tank 2: LD compressor

3 : 재액화장치 4 : 질소제거장치3: reliquefaction apparatus 4: nitrogen removal apparatus

본 발명은 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a boil-off gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system of LENG vessel.

본 발명은 재액화공정을 경유하는 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 이에 포함된 질소만 선택적으로 용이하게 분리할 수 있도록 하는 공정을 추가로 구성함으로써 재액화공정의 설계용량이 감소되고 재액화공정의 운전비를 효율적으로 절감할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention further comprises a process for selectively separating only nitrogen contained in the boil-off gas via the reliquefaction process, thereby reducing the design capacity of the reliquefaction process and reliquefaction process. It is to effectively reduce the operating cost of.

일반적으로, 액화천연가스 즉, LNG(Liquified Petroleum Gas)는 메탄을 주성분으로 하는 천연가스(NG;Natural Gas)를 영하 162℃의 초저온 상태로 냉각하여 그 부피를 대략 1/600정도로 감소시킨 것이다.In general, liquefied natural gas, that is, LNG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) is a natural gas (NG; natural gas) containing methane as the main component is cooled to an extremely low temperature of minus 162 ℃ to reduce the volume to approximately 1/600.

상기한 액화천연가스를 에너지원으로 사용하기 위해서는 액화천연가스(LNG)의 생산기지로부터 수요자까지 대량 이송하는 것이 필요하게 되는 바, 이를 위해 액화천연가스 운반선이 필요하게 된다.In order to use the liquefied natural gas as an energy source, a large amount of liquefied natural gas (LNG) needs to be transported from the production base to the consumer, and for this, a liquefied natural gas carrier is required.

즉, 천연가스의 생산지인 로딩(Loading)항구에서 기체 상태인 천연가스를 초저온 상태로 액화시켜 액화천연가스 운반선의 저장탱크에 저장함과 아울러 언로딩(Unloading)항구에 도착한 후에는 초저온의 액화천연가스를 기화시켜 천연가스로 변환시킨 후, 이를 배관등을 통해 수요자에게 공급하게 되는 것이다.That is, liquefied natural gas in a gaseous state at the loading port, which is the place of production of natural gas, is stored in a storage tank of a liquefied natural gas carrier and, after arriving at the unloading port, liquefied natural gas at low temperature. The gas is converted into natural gas and then supplied to the consumer through piping.

한편, 엘엔지선박에서 추진방식을 저속디젤엔진(Low speed diesel engine)을 사용할 경우 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas)를 응축시켜 다시 엘엔지로 만들어 처리하기 위한 재액화공정을 운송되는 엘엔지의 량과 질소(N2) 함유량 등을 감안하여 설치하게 된다.On the other hand, in case of using low speed diesel engine as a propulsion method in LENG vessel, it transports reliquefaction process to condense boil-off gas generated by external heat source and make it into LNG again. It is installed in consideration of the amount of LENG and nitrogen (N2) content.

그러나 상기 종래 재액화 공정의 경우 엘엔지탱크와 연결된 LD콤프레셔가 재액화장치와 다이렉트로 연결되어 있기 때문에 질소가 그대로 포함된 증발가스가 재액화처리됨에 따라 재액화공정의 설계용량이 증가되고 재액화공정의의 운전비가 과도하게 소요되는 문제점이 있다.However, in the conventional reliquefaction process, since the LD compressor connected to the LENG tank is directly connected to the reliquefaction apparatus, the design capacity of the reliquefaction process is increased and the reliquefaction process is carried out as the boil-off gas containing nitrogen is reliquefied. There is a problem in that the driving cost is excessive.

본 발명은 재액화공정을 경유하는 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 이에 포함된 질소만 선택적으로 용이하게 분리할 수 있도록 하는 공정을 추가로 구성함으로써 재액화공정의 설계용량이 감소되고 재액화공정의 운전비를 효율적으로 절감할 수 있도록 함을 목적으로 한다.The present invention further comprises a process for selectively separating only nitrogen contained in the boil-off gas via the reliquefaction process, thereby reducing the design capacity of the reliquefaction process and reliquefaction process. The aim is to reduce the cost of operation.

이를 위해 본 발명은 엘엔지의 증발가스 재액화 처리를 위해 엘엔지탱크와 연결된 LD콤프레셔가 재액화장치와 다이렉트로 연결된 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템에 있어서, To this end, the present invention provides a re-liquefaction circulating treatment system of an L vessel, in which an LD compressor connected to an L engine tank is directly connected to a reliquefaction apparatus, for an evaporation gas reliquefaction treatment.

상기 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 엘엔지탱크의 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 선택적으로 질소만 제거할 수 있는 멤브레인타입의 질소제거장치를 LD콤프레셔와 재액화장치 사이에 구성하여 상기 재액화공정의 설계용량을 감소시킬 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템을 제공함으로써 상기 목적을 달성하고자 한다.A membrane type nitrogen removal device capable of selectively removing only nitrogen from among the boil-off gas of the LENG tank generated by the external heat source is configured between the LD compressor and the reliquefaction device to perform the reliquefaction process. It is an object of the present invention to provide an LNG ship's boil-off gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system characterized by reducing the design capacity.

본 발명은 엘엔지의 증발가스 재액화 처리를 위해 엘엔지탱크(1)와 연결된 LD콤프레셔(2)가 재액화장치(3)와 다이렉트로 연결된 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템에 있어서, In the present invention, an LD compressor (2) connected to an L tank (1) for an evaporation gas reliquefaction process of an L ENG in an evaporation gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system of an L ENG vessel directly connected to the reliquefaction device (3),

상기 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 엘엔지탱크(1)의 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 선택적으로 질소만 제거할 수 있는 멤브레인타입의 질소제거장치(4)를 LD콤프레셔(2)와 재액화장치(3) 사이에 구성하여 상기 재액화공정의 설계용량을 감소시킬 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 한다.LD compressor (2) and reliquefaction apparatus of membrane type nitrogen removal device (4) capable of selectively removing only nitrogen from the boil-off gas of the LENG tank (1) generated by the external heat source And (3) to reduce the design capacity of the reliquefaction process.

또한 본 발명은 상기 질소제거장치를 멤브레인타입으로 적용하지 아니하고 상온에서의 질소가스 분리가 가능하도록 상기 질소제거장치를 PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption) 타입으로 변경 적용한 다른실시예에 의한 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템도 제공한다.In addition, the present invention is not applied to the nitrogen removal device in the membrane type, the nitrogen gas removal device is applied to the evaporation gas of the LENG vessel according to another embodiment in which the nitrogen removal device is changed to PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) type to enable separation of nitrogen gas at room temperature It also provides a liquefaction circulation treatment system.

이하 본 발명의 일실시예에 의한 작용을 첨부도면을 참조로 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the operation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 재액화공정을 경유하는 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 이에 포함된 질소만 선택적으로 용이하게 분리할 수 있도록 하는 공정을 추가로 구성함으로써 재액화공정의 설계용량이 감소되고 재액화공정의 운전비를 효율적으로 절감할 수 있도록 하고 있다.The present invention further comprises a process for selectively separating only nitrogen contained in the boil-off gas via the reliquefaction process, thereby reducing the design capacity of the reliquefaction process and reliquefaction process. It is possible to efficiently reduce the operating cost of the.

본 발명은 엘엔지의 증발가스 재액화 처리를 위해 엘엔지탱크(1)와 연결된 LD콤프레셔(2)가 재액화장치(3)와 다이렉트로 연결되는 기본적인 구성은 종래와 같이 그대로 유지한다.The present invention maintains the basic configuration in which the LD compressor (2) connected to the L engine tank (1) is directly connected to the reliquefaction device (3) for the evaporation gas reliquefaction process of the L engine.

다만, 본 발명은 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 엘엔지탱크(1)의 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 선택적으로 질소만 제거할 수 있는 멤브레인타입의 질소제거장치(4)를 LD콤프레셔(2)와 재액화장치(3) 사이에 구성하고 있는 것이다. However, in the present invention, the LD compressor (2) of the membrane type nitrogen removal device (4) capable of selectively removing only nitrogen from the boil-off gas of the LENG tank (1) generated by an external heat source is selectively removed. And the reliquefaction apparatus 3 are comprised.

상기와 같이 멤브레인타입 질소제거장치(4)를 LD콤프레셔(2)와 재액화장치(3) 사이에 구성하여 운전하게 되면 증발가스에 포함된 질소가 상기 질소제거장치(4)를 통해 처리되어 질소가 포함되지 아니한 증발가스만 재액화장치(3)로 공급되어 순환되기 때문에 종래 질소제거장치(4)가 구성되어 있지 않은 재액화공정과 비교하게 될 경우 재액화공정 설계용량의 14%, 그리고 상기 재액화공정 운전비의 5% 정도를 감소시키게 되는 것으로 추산되었다.As described above, when the membrane type nitrogen removing device 4 is operated between the LD compressor 2 and the reliquefaction device 3, the nitrogen contained in the boil-off gas is treated through the nitrogen removing device 4 to provide nitrogen. Since only the evaporated gas which does not contain is supplied to the reliquefaction apparatus 3 and circulated, it is 14% of the design capacity of the reliquefaction process when compared with the reliquefaction process in which the conventional nitrogen removal apparatus 4 is not configured, and the It is estimated to reduce about 5% of reliquefaction process costs.

또한 본 발명은 증발가스 중 질소가 상기 질소제거장치(4)에 의해 대부분 제거되었으므로 엘엔지로 액화시키기 위한 증발가스의 유량 감소는 물론 재액화공정의 질소 사이클에서 필요한 질소의 압력 또한 감소되며 운전 중 탱크내 질소의 조성이 감소됨으로써 같은 외부의 열량에 의해서도 발생하는 증발가스의 유량도 현저하게 감소됨에 따라 결국 설계용량이 감소되고 재액화공정의 운전비를 효율적으로 절감할 수 있는 잇점이 있는 것이다.In addition, in the present invention, since the nitrogen in the boil-off gas is mostly removed by the nitrogen removal device (4), the flow rate of the boil-off gas for liquefaction to LENG is reduced, as well as the pressure of the nitrogen required in the nitrogen cycle of the reliquefaction process is reduced. As the composition of the internal nitrogen is reduced, the flow rate of the boil-off gas generated by the same external heat is also significantly reduced, so that the design capacity is reduced and the operating cost of the reliquefaction process can be effectively reduced.

한편, 본 발명은 다른실시예로서 도 2에 도시된 바와같이 상기 질소제거장치를 멤브레인타입으로 적용하지 아니하고 상온에서의 질소가스 분리가 가능하도록 상기 질소제거장치를 PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption) 타입으로 변경 적용하고 있다.On the other hand, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the nitrogen removal device is changed to a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) type to enable nitrogen gas separation at room temperature without using the nitrogen removal device as a membrane type. It is applied.

상기 PSA타입 질소발생장치는 질소의 분리를 위한 흡착제로 CMS (Carbon Molecular Sieve) 를 사용하며, 질소보다 산소의 흡착속도가 빠른 것을 이용하여 분리하기 때문에 보다 빠른 속도로 분리할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있으며 그 밖에 작용은 전술한 바와 같으므로 생략하기로 한다.The PSA type nitrogen generator uses CMS (Carbon Molecular Sieve) as the adsorbent for the separation of nitrogen, and has the advantage that can be separated at a faster rate because it is separated by using a faster adsorption rate of oxygen than nitrogen. Other operations are as described above and will be omitted.

이상에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 도시하고 설명하였으나 본 발명은 상기한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 본 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형 실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고 그와 같은 변경은 기재된 청구범위 내에 있게 된다.Although the above has been illustrated and described with respect to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims, having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Anyone can make various modifications as well as such changes are within the scope of the appended claims.

본 발명은 재액화공정을 경유하는 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 이에 포함된 질소만 선택적으로 용이하게 분리할 수 있도록 하는 공정을 추가로 구성함으로써 재액화공정의 설계용량이 감소되고 재액화공정의 운전비를 효율적으로 절감시킬 수 있는 매우 유용한 발명이다.The present invention further comprises a process for selectively separating only nitrogen contained in the boil-off gas via the reliquefaction process, thereby reducing the design capacity of the reliquefaction process and reliquefaction process. It is a very useful invention that can effectively reduce the operating cost of.

Claims (2)

엘엔지의 증발가스 재액화 처리를 위해 엘엔지탱크(1)와 연결된 LD콤프레셔(2)가 재액화장치(3)와 다이렉트로 연결된 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템에 있어서, In the liquefied liquefaction circulation processing system of the L ENG vessel directly connected to the re-liquefaction apparatus 3 is LD compressor (2) connected to the L ENG tank (1) for the re-liquefaction treatment of L ENG, 상기 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 엘엔지탱크(1)의 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 선택적으로 질소만 제거할 수 있는 멤브레인타입의 질소제거장치(4)를 LD콤프레셔(2)와 재액화장치(3) 사이에 구성하여 상기 재액화공정의 설계용량을 감소시킬 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템.LD compressor (2) and reliquefaction apparatus of membrane type nitrogen removal device (4) capable of selectively removing only nitrogen from the boil-off gas of the LENG tank (1) generated by the external heat source (3) is configured to reduce the design capacity of the reliquefaction process to the LNG vessel evaporation gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system. 엘엔지의 증발가스 재액화 처리를 위해 엘엔지탱크(1)와 연결된 LD콤프레셔(2)가 재액화장치(3)와 다이렉트로 연결된 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템에 있어서, In the liquefied liquefaction circulation processing system of the L ENG vessel directly connected to the re-liquefaction apparatus 3 is LD compressor (2) connected to the L ENG tank (1) for the re-liquefaction treatment of L ENG, 상기 외부의 열원에 의해 발생하는 엘엔지탱크(1)의 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas) 중 선택적으로 질소만 제거할 수 있는 PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption) 타입 질소제거장치(4)를 LD콤프레셔(2)와 재액화장치(3) 사이에 구성하여 상기 재액화공정의 설계용량을 감소시킬 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 엘엔지선박의 증발가스 재액화 순환 처리시스템.LD compressor (2) is a PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) type nitrogen removal device (4) capable of selectively removing only nitrogen from the boil-off gas of the LENG tank (1) generated by the external heat source And the reliquefaction apparatus (3) to reduce the design capacity of the reliquefaction process, characterized in that the LG vessel evaporation gas reliquefaction circulation treatment system.
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