KR100616649B1 - Grey cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component - Google Patents

Grey cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component Download PDF

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KR100616649B1
KR100616649B1 KR1020047018233A KR20047018233A KR100616649B1 KR 100616649 B1 KR100616649 B1 KR 100616649B1 KR 1020047018233 A KR1020047018233 A KR 1020047018233A KR 20047018233 A KR20047018233 A KR 20047018233A KR 100616649 B1 KR100616649 B1 KR 100616649B1
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cast iron
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iron alloy
gray cast
internal combustion
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KR20050010796A (en
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펜티넨마르티
비에르클린드토비아스
비에르크만칼
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스카니아 씨브이 악티에볼라그
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08Making cast-iron alloys
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

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  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A substantially perlitic, grey cast iron alloy comprising, by weight, 3.2 - 3.49% carbon, 1.8 - 2.2% silicon, < 0.15% sulphur, < 0.15% phosphorus, 0.3 - 0.8% manganese, 0.2 - 0.4% chromium, 0.1 - 0.4% molybdenum, 0.03 - 0.3% vanadium, 0.3 - 1.0% copper, < 0.15% niobium, the balance iron and impurities.

Description

회주철 합금 및 내연 기관 주물 부재{GREY CAST IRON ALLOY AND CAST INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPONENT}GRAY CAST IRON ALLOY AND CAST INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPONENT}

본 발명은 회주철 합금에 관한 것이다. 보다 구체적으로는, 본 발명은 피로 강도 개선을 위한 추가 합금 원소를 함유하는 실질적으로 펄라이트 조직의 회주철에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a gray cast iron alloy. More specifically, the present invention relates to gray cast iron in a substantially pearlite structure containing further alloying elements for improving fatigue strength.

본 발명은 또한, 본 발명에 따른 회주철 합금으로 주조된 내연 기관 부재에 관한 것이다.The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine member cast from a gray cast iron alloy according to the invention.

회주철은, 비용이 비교적 적게 들고 성능이 우수하기 때문에, 예를 들면 차량용 내연 기관 블록용으로 가장 관심의 대상이 되는 재료이다. 사용시의 재료의 인장 강도, 마모성 등과 같은 물성 및 비용, 가공성 등과 같은 생산성을 서로 절충시킬 수 있는 넓은 범위 내의 조성들이 이미 공지되어 있다.Gray cast iron is the material of most interest for, for example, a vehicle internal combustion engine block because of its relatively low cost and excellent performance. Compositions within a wide range are known in the art that can compromise the productivity of materials such as tensile strength, abrasion and the like in use and productivity such as cost, processability and the like.

따라서, 주조된 내연 기관 블록에 있어서, 기본 합금 0120은 이하의 표 1에 따른 조성을 갖고, 통상의 표준 합금 또한 표 1에 따른 조성을 가지며, 스카니아(Scania) 표준 합금은 비교적 높은 탄소 함량에 의하여 건전한[공동(pore)이 없는] 재료 및 펄라이트 조직의 회주철을 제공한다. Thus, in a cast internal combustion engine block, the base alloy 0120 has the composition according to Table 1 below, the conventional standard alloy also has the composition according to Table 1, and the Scania standard alloy is sounded by a relatively high carbon content. Gray iron of material and perlite structure.

그러나, 현재의 상태로도 충분히 사용은 가능하지만, 근래에는 현재의 물성 을 보완하기 위하여 개선된 피로 강도가 요망되고 있으며, 피로 강도가 개선되면 종래 기술에 의한 회주철의 용도가 확대될 것이다.However, even in the present state, the present invention can be sufficiently used, but in recent years, improved fatigue strength is desired to complement the current physical properties, and the use of gray cast iron according to the prior art will be expanded when the fatigue strength is improved.

본 발명의 목적은, 표준 합금에 비하여 비교적 건전한 조직을 가지며 양호한 가공성을 제공하며 또한 실질적으로 피로 강도가 개선된 회주철을 제공하는 것이다. It is an object of the present invention to provide gray cast iron which has a relatively healthy structure compared to standard alloys, provides good processability and substantially improves fatigue strength.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은, 표준 합금에 비하여 실질적으로 피로 강도가 개선된 회주철로 제조된 기관 블록과 같은 내연 기관 부재를 제공하는 것이다. Another object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine member such as an engine block made of gray cast iron with substantially improved fatigue strength compared to standard alloys.

본 발명의 목적은 첨부한 특허청구범위 제1항에 따른 회주철에 의하여 달성된다. 바람직한 실시 형태들은 종속항들에 명시되어 있다. The object of the invention is achieved by gray cast iron according to the appended claims. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

또한, 본 발명의 목적은 첨부한 특허청구범위 제9항에 따른 회주철 내연 기관 부재에 의해 달성된다. 바람직한 실시 형태들은 종속항들에 명시되어 있다.The object of the present invention is also achieved by a gray cast iron internal combustion engine member according to the appended claims. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

도 1은, 기본 합금, 표준 합금 및 본 발명에 따른 합금의 뵐러(Boehler) 피로 곡선이다. 1 is a Boehler fatigue curve of a base alloy, a standard alloy and an alloy according to the invention.

이하의 설명에 기재된 합금들의 모든 원소들에 대한 백분율은 중량%를 나타낸다. The percentages for all elements of the alloys described in the description below represent weight percent.

본 발명에 따른 합금은 실질적으로 조직이 펄라이트이고 탄소 함량이 3.2% ~ 3.49%인 회주철이다. 비교적 높은 탄소 함량은 건전한 조직의 형성을 촉진한다. 펄 라이트/탄화물 안정화시키는 특성이 있는 Cr을 0.2% ~ 0.4% 첨가하면, 미세한 펄라이트 조직이 형성된다.The alloy according to the invention is substantially gray cast iron having a structure of pearlite and a carbon content of 3.2% to 3.49%. The relatively high carbon content promotes the formation of healthy tissues. When 0.2% to 0.4% of Cr having a pearlite / carbide stabilizing property is added, fine pearlite structures are formed.

0.1% ~ 0.4%의 Mo, 0.03% ~ 0.3%의 V, 0.007% ~ 0.015%의 Ti 및 0.15% 미만의 Nb를 첨가하면, 이 원소들은 탄화물을 형성시키는 특성이 있을 뿐만 아니라, 주조시에 미세한 펄라이트 및 박편(flake)형 흑연 조직(1차 및 2차 석출 탄화물)을 형성시키는 핵으로서 작용한다. 또한 Mo는 고온에서 펄라이트를 안정화시킨다.When 0.1% to 0.4% Mo, 0.03% to 0.3% V, 0.007% to 0.015% Ti and less than 0.15% Nb are added, these elements not only have the property of forming carbides, It acts as a nucleus to form pearlite and flake graphite structures (primary and secondary precipitated carbides). Mo also stabilizes pearlite at high temperatures.

Si는 1.8% ~ 2.2%의 함량으로 존재하여 회주철 형성을 촉진한다.Si is present in an amount of 1.8% to 2.2% to promote gray cast iron formation.

0.3% ~ 0.8%의 Mn은 펄라이트 안정제로서 존재한다.0.3% to 0.8% Mn is present as a pearlite stabilizer.

본 발명에서 0.3% ~ 1.0%의 함량으로 존재하는 Cu는 펄라이트 형성을 촉진하고 펄라이트를 안정화시키며, 또한 미세 조직의 형성을 촉진한다.Cu present in the content of 0.3% to 1.0% in the present invention promotes pearlite formation, stabilizes pearlite, and also promotes formation of microstructures.

S 및 P의 함량은 0.15% 미만으로 유지되어야 한다.The content of S and P should be kept below 0.15%.

0.005% ~ 0.017%의 N은 박편형 흑연을 압밀화하고 펄라이트 형성을 촉진하며, 0.01% 미만의 Al은 흑연 형성제로서 작용한다.0.005% to 0.017% of N compacts flaky graphite and promotes pearlite formation, and less than 0.01% of Al serves as a graphite former.

회주철 합금은 잔부 Fe 및 통상의 불순물을 또한 함유한다. Ti, N 및 Al의 함량은 통상의 불순물 범위 내에서 존재하지만 바람직할 수도 있다. Gray cast iron alloys also contain the balance Fe and common impurities. The contents of Ti, N and Al are present within the usual impurity range but may be preferred.

<실시예><Example>

1회 처리량을 1500kg으로 준비하여, 각 처리량을 4개의 300kg 기관 블록으로 주조하였다. 1420℃에서 주조를 개시하였고, 주조 공정 중에 온도가 약 10℃ 강하하였다.One throughput was prepared at 1500 kg and each throughput was cast into four 300 kg tracheal blocks. Casting was started at 1420 ° C. and the temperature dropped about 10 ° C. during the casting process.

기본 합금을 사용하여 Mo, V, Ti, Nb를 조합한 10 종류의 주물들을 제조하였 다.Ten types of castings were prepared by combining Mo, V, Ti, and Nb using a base alloy.

또한, N과 Al의 함량을 변화시켜 핵 형성제(접종제)가 다른 16 종류의 주물들을 제조하였다.
본 발명에 따른 회주철 합금을 제조하기 위한 그 밖의 공정 조건에 대해서는, 당해 분야에 공지된 통상의 공정 단계 및 수단을 채용하였다.
In addition, 16 kinds of castings having different nucleating agents (inoculation agents) were prepared by changing the contents of N and Al.
For other process conditions for producing gray cast iron alloys according to the invention, conventional process steps and means known in the art were employed.

각 주물로부터 피로 시험편을 채취하여 피로 시험을 실시하였다.Fatigue test pieces were extract | collected from each casting, and the fatigue test was done.

또한, 선행 시험에서의 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내는 조성을 조합한 주물들을 생산하여 피로 시험을 실시하였다.In addition, fatigue tests were carried out by producing castings in combination with the compositions that exhibited the best results in the preceding tests.

본 발명에 따른 조성 범위 내의 조성에 해당하는 결과를 도 1에 곡선 3으로 도시하였으며, 이 조성을 표 1에 또한 나타내었다.The result corresponding to the composition within the composition range according to the present invention is shown by curve 3 in FIG. 1, which is also shown in Table 1.

본 발명에 따른 회주철은 기본 합금의 회주철보다 약 40% 높은 피로 강도를 나타내고 기관 블록용 표준 회주철보다 약 30% 높은 피로 강도를 나타내며, 또한 본 발명은 가공성 및 건전성 등에 있어서도 우수한 성능을 실현하는 회주철을 제공한다.Gray cast iron according to the present invention exhibits a fatigue strength of about 40% higher than gray cast iron of the base alloy and about 30% higher fatigue strength than the standard gray cast iron for engine blocks. to provide.

전술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 회주철은 기관 블록 부재와 같은 내연 기관 주물 부재용으로 극히 유용하며, 본 발명에 따른 합금은 가공성, 건전성 및 높은 피로 강도를 겸비한다. 본 발명에 따른 합금은 실린더 헤드 등과 같은 기타 부재에도 또한 유용하다. As mentioned above, the gray cast iron according to the present invention is extremely useful for internal combustion engine casting members such as engine block members, and the alloy according to the present invention combines workability, soundness and high fatigue strength. The alloy according to the invention is also useful for other members such as cylinder heads and the like.                 

Figure 112004053446572-pct00003
Figure 112004053446572-pct00003

Claims (10)

중량%로, In weight percent, 3.2% ~ 3.49%의 C, 3.2% to 3.49% C, 1.8% ~ 2.2%의 Si, 1.8% to 2.2% of Si, 0.15% 미만의 S,Less than 0.15%, 0.15% 미만의 P, Less than 0.15% of P, 0.3% ~ 0.8%의 Mn,0.3% to 0.8% Mn, 0.2% ~ 0.4%의 Cr,0.2% to 0.4% Cr, 0.1% ~ 0.4%의 Mo,0.1% to 0.4% Mo, 0.03% ~ 0.3%의 V,0.03% to 0.3% V, 0.3% ~ 1.0%의 Cu,0.3% to 1.0% Cu, 0.15% 미만의 Nb,Less than 0.15% Nb, 0.007% ~ 0.015%의 Ti,0.007% to 0.015% Ti, 0.005% ~ 0.017%의 N,0.005% to 0.017% N, 잔부 Fe 및 불순물을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.A gray cast iron alloy of pearlite structure having excellent fatigue strength, comprising a balance of Fe and impurities. 제1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1, 3.3% ~ 3.4%의 C, 3.3% to 3.4% C, 1.8% ~ 2.2%의 Si, 1.8% to 2.2% of Si, 0.1% 미만의 S,Less than 0.1% S, 0.05% 미만의 P, Less than 0.05% of P, 0.4% ~ 0.6%의 Mn,0.4% to 0.6% Mn, 0.2% ~ 0.4%의 Cr,0.2% to 0.4% Cr, 0.2% ~ 0.3%의 Mo, 및0.2% to 0.3% Mo, and 0.05% ~ 0.1%의 V을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.A gray cast iron alloy of pearlite structure having excellent fatigue strength, characterized by containing 0.05% to 0.1% of V. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, V은 0.1% 미만의 함량으로 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.Gray cast iron alloy of pearlite structure excellent in fatigue strength, characterized in that present in less than 0.1%. 삭제delete 삭제delete 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, Al은 0.01% 미만의 함량으로 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.Gray cast iron alloy having excellent pearl strength, characterized in that Al is present in an amount of less than 0.01%. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, Ni는 0.1% 미만의 함량으로 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.Ni is a gray cast iron alloy having excellent fatigue strength, characterized in that the presence of less than 0.1%. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, Sn은 0.1% 미만의 함량으로 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 피로 강도가 우수한 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금.Sn is a gray cast iron alloy of a pearlite structure excellent in fatigue strength, characterized in that present in less than 0.1%. 펄라이트 조직의 회주철 합금으로 제조된 내연 기관 주물 부재로서, An internal combustion engine casting member made of a gray cast iron alloy of pearlite structure, 상기 회주철 합금은, The gray cast iron alloy, 3.2% ~ 3.49%의 C, 3.2% to 3.49% C, 1.8% ~ 2.2%의 Si, 1.8% to 2.2% of Si, 0.15% 미만의 S,Less than 0.15%, 0.15% 미만의 P, Less than 0.15% of P, 0.3% ~ 0.8% Mn,0.3% to 0.8% Mn, 0.2% ~ 0.4% Cr,0.2% to 0.4% Cr, 0.1% ~ 0.4% Mo,0.1% to 0.4% Mo, 0.03% ~ 0.3% V,0.03% to 0.3% V, 0.3% ~ 1.0% Cu,0.3% to 1.0% Cu, 0.007% ~ 0.013% Ti,0.007% to 0.013% Ti, 0.15% 미만의 Nb,Less than 0.15% Nb, 0.005% ~ 0.015% N,0.005% to 0.015% N, 0.01% 미만의 Al,Less than 0.01% Al, 잔부 Fe 및 불순물을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관 주물 부재.An internal combustion engine casting member comprising a balance of Fe and impurities. 제9항에 있어서, The method of claim 9, 상기 내연 기관 주물 부재는 기관 블록 부재 또는 실린더 헤드 부재인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연 기관 주물 부재. And the internal combustion engine casting member is an engine block member or a cylinder head member.
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