KR100478006B1 - A waste food using the feed and it's making method - Google Patents
A waste food using the feed and it's making method Download PDFInfo
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- KR100478006B1 KR100478006B1 KR10-2002-0074831A KR20020074831A KR100478006B1 KR 100478006 B1 KR100478006 B1 KR 100478006B1 KR 20020074831 A KR20020074831 A KR 20020074831A KR 100478006 B1 KR100478006 B1 KR 100478006B1
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- feed
- remaining
- food
- foods
- remaining food
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021107 fermented food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019654 spicy taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
- C12M1/02—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with agitation means; with heat exchange means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 가정이나 식당에서 배출되는 남은 음식물을 이용하여 만든 사료에 관한 것으로서, 특히 이물질을 선별하여 제거하고, 분쇄 및 1차 발효시킨 후에 염분을 제거하여 2차 발효 및 숙성시킨 음식물을 곡물사료와 배합함으로써, 영양소의 함량의 풍부하고 값싼 사료를 생산할 수 있으므로 사료비를 절감할 수 있고, 처리 곤란한 남은 음식물을 사료 자원으로 사용할 수 있어 환경오염을 예방할 수 있도록 한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a feed made by using leftover foods discharged from a home or a restaurant, and in particular, by removing and removing foreign substances, grinding and primary fermentation to remove salts, and then fermenting and aging foods that are fermented and aged. By blending, it is possible to produce a rich and cheap feed of nutrient content, thereby reducing feed costs, and using the remaining foods to prevent environmental pollution by using the remaining foods, which are difficult to process, as feed resources. It is about.
본 발명에 따른 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료는 이물질이 걸러진 음식물을 분쇄하여, 스팀에 의해 간접 가열한 후에 1차 발효시키고, 염분을 0.5% 이하, 수분을 50~60% 이하로 제거시켜 2차 발효시킨 중량% 30~60의 남은 음식물과, 대두박 및 옥수수 분말, 쌀겨, 미강, 그리고, 영양제가 함유된 중량% 40~70의 곡물사료가 포함되어 배합되고, 상기 배합물이 고형체로 성형되어 원적외선이 방사되는 건조기에서 20~40℃의 온도를 유지하며, 수분함량 13% 이하로 저온 건조된 것을 특징으로 한다.In the feed using the remaining food according to the present invention, the food filtered by filtering foreign matters is pulverized and indirectly heated by steam, followed by primary fermentation, followed by secondary fermentation by removing salts by 0.5% or less and water by 50 to 60% or less. 30% to 60% by weight of the remaining foods, soybean meal and corn powder, rice bran, rice bran, and nutrients containing 40% to 70% by weight of grain feed, and the formulation is molded into a solid to emit far infrared rays Maintaining a temperature of 20 ~ 40 ℃ in the dryer, characterized in that the low-temperature drying to less than 13% moisture content.
Description
본 발명은 가정이나 식당에서 배출되는 남은 음식물을 이용하여 만든 사료에 관한 것으로서, 특히 이물질을 선별하여 제거하고, 분쇄 및 1차 발효시킨 후에 염분을 제거하여 2차 발효 및 숙성시킨 남은 음식물을 곡물사료와 배합함으로써, 영양소의 함량의 풍부하고 값싼 사료를 생산할 수 있으므로 사료비를 절감할 수 있고, 처리 곤란한 음식물을 사료 자원으로 사용할 수 있어 환경오염을 예방할 수 있도록 한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a feed made by using the leftover food discharged from a home or a restaurant, and in particular, by removing the foreign matter by screening, removing the salt after grinding and primary fermentation, the second food fermentation and ripening leftover food grains By combining with, it is possible to produce a rich and cheap feed of nutrient content, which can reduce feed cost, and can be used as a feed source of difficult foods to feed the feed and the manufacturing method using the remaining foods to prevent environmental pollution It is about.
일반적으로 사료는 가축의 생명을 유지하고, 젖, 고기, 알, 털가죽 등을 생산하는데 필요한 유기(有機) 또는 무기(無機) 영양소를 공급하는 물질로서, 좋은 사료는 영양소의 함량이 많고, 가축에게 유해한 성분이 없으며 생산량이 많을 뿐 아니라 항상 쉽게 구할 수 있고, 언제나 신선하고 소화율이 높은 것이어야 한다.In general, feed is a substance that maintains the life of livestock and supplies organic or inorganic nutrients necessary to produce milk, meat, eggs, and leather, and a good feed is rich in nutrients. It should be free of harmful ingredients, high in production, always readily available, and always fresh and digestible.
종래의 배합사료는 그 조성물이 에너지원으로 옥수수가 주로 사용되고, 단백질원으로 대두박, 소금, 인산칼슘, 석회석, 그리고, 미량의 광물질이며 비타민 첨가제인 프리믹서 등으로 구성되는 것이 보통이며, 일정 크기의 고형체로 성형되어 일정한 용량의 포장재에 담겨져 포장된다.Conventional formulated feed is composed mainly of corn as an energy source, soybean meal, salt, calcium phosphate, limestone, and trace minerals and premixer as a vitamin additive. It is molded into a solid body and packed in a constant volume of packaging material.
그러나, 종래의 배합사료는 그 조성물 중에 곡물은 거의 전량을 외국에서 수입하고 있기 때문에 사료비를 절감하기 어려워 양돈산업 등의 축산업의 경쟁력이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.However, the conventional formulated feed is difficult to reduce feed costs because almost all of the grain in the composition is imported from foreign countries, there is a problem that the competitiveness of livestock industry such as pig industry.
한편, 일반 가정이나 음식점에서 발생되는 남은 음식물은 하루에 8톤 트럭 1880대 분인 1만 5천 75톤으로 전체 생활 쓰레기 발생량의 31.6%에 해당하며, 남은 음식물을 성상별로 보면 채소류가 전체의 53.1%에 해당하는 1일 8005톤으로 대부분을 차지하고, 육류 및 어패류가 18.6%인 1일 2804톤 배출되고 있다.On the other hand, the remaining foods generated from ordinary homes and restaurants are 1,75 tons, which are 1,880 tons of 8-ton trucks a day, corresponding to 31.6% of the total amount of household waste generated.In terms of remaining foods, vegetables account for 53.1% of the total. It occupies most of 8005 tons per day, and 2804 tons of meat and shellfish is 18.6% per day.
상기한 바와 같은 남은 음식물은 건조 중량 기준 발열량이 높고, 수분이 충분하며, 유기성 물질로서 영양소도 충분하므로 과다한 염분 농도 문제, 매운 맛과 같은 향신료 문제 등을 제거하면 퇴비나 사료로서 유용한 자원으로 재활용이 가능하다.The remaining foods as described above have high calorific value based on dry weight, have sufficient moisture, and have sufficient nutrients as organic substances, so that the excessive salt concentration problem and spice problems such as spicy taste can be eliminated and recycled as a useful resource for compost or feed. It is possible.
위와 같은 이유로 남은 음식물을 재활용하는 다양한 방법이 개발되는 바, 그 응용 예로 퇴비화 발효용기에 의한 퇴비 제조방법 및 남은 음식물을 발효시켜 기존의 배합사료와 혼합하여 가축의 사료로 사용하는 방법 등 여러 가지 방법이 대두되었다.For this reason, various methods of recycling leftover food are developed. For example, various methods, such as a method of manufacturing compost by a composting fermentation container and a method of fermenting the leftover food and mixing it with an existing compound feed to use as feed for livestock. This has risen.
그러나, 종래 기술에 의한 남은 음식물 재활용 방법은 남은 음식물을 수거하여 단순히 발효시켜 퇴비로 사용되는 것이 대부분이어서 그 활용도가 일 부분에 국한되는 문제점이 있으며, 최근에 공지된 배합사료와 혼합하여 가축의 사료로 사용되는 재활용 방법이 적지 않게 시행되고 있으나, 종래의 재활용 방법은 음식물의 발효 및 숙성에만 그 가공방법이 국한되기 때문에 남은 음식물에 포함된 염분 및 향신료를 확실히 제거하지 못하여 가축 사료로 접합하지 못하며, 오히려 가축의 건강을 해칠 수 있는 문제점이 있다.However, the remaining food recycling method according to the prior art is that most of the remaining food is simply used as a compost by simply fermenting the remaining food, the utilization of which is limited to a part, and mixed with a recently known compound feed and feed of livestock Although the recycling method used is not very small, the conventional recycling method is limited only to the fermentation and ripening of the food, so that the salts and spices contained in the remaining food cannot be removed, and thus cannot be bonded to the livestock feed. Rather, there is a problem that can harm the health of the livestock.
또한, 상기와 같은 이유로 혼합되는 배합사료의 양이 남은 음식물의 양과 비교하여 현저하게 많기 때문에 사료비 절감의 효과가 현저하게 발생되지 않는 문제점이 있다.In addition, there is a problem that the effect of reducing the cost of feed does not occur remarkably because the amount of the blended feed is significantly higher than the amount of food left over for the same reason.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 1차 발효된 남은 음식물에 세정수의 살수 및 교반작업을 행하면서 음이온, 초음파를 방사하고, 기포를 발생시켜 염분과 향식료 등을 완전히 제거하고, 다시 2차 발효 및 숙성시켜 곡물사료와 혼합한 후에 건조시킴으로써, 영양소의 함량은 높고, 염분 및 향식료의 함량은 최소화된 사료를 제조할 수 있으므로 사료비를 절감하여 양돈산업 등과 같은 축산업의 경쟁력을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems of the prior art, while sprinkling and stirring the washing water to the first fermented remaining food while radiating anion and ultrasonic waves, generating bubbles to produce salts and flavors, etc. , Completely fermented and matured, and then mixed with grain feed and dried, yielding high nutrient content, minimizing salt and flavor foods, and reducing feed costs. The object of the present invention is to provide a feed and a method of manufacturing the same using leftover food to improve the competitiveness of the livestock industry.
또한, 상기한 바와 같은 방법으로 남은 음식물을 사료로 재활용할 수 있으므로 남은 음식물이 단순히 매립되거나 방치되는 것을 방지하여 환경오염을 예방할 수 있도록 한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. In addition, since the remaining food can be recycled as a feed in the manner described above it is an object of the present invention to provide a feed using the remaining food to prevent environmental pollution by preventing the remaining food is simply buried or left, and a method of manufacturing the same. .
상기한 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료는 가정이나 식당에서 배출되는 남은 음식물을 이용하여 제조하는 사료에 있어서;In the feed using the leftover food according to the present invention for solving the above problems in the feed produced by using the leftover food discharged from the home or restaurant;
이물질이 걸러진 음식물을 분쇄하여, 스팀에 의해 간접 가열한 후에 1차 발효시키고, 염분을 0.5% 이하, 수분을 50~60% 이하로 제거시켜 2차 발효시킨 중량% 30~60의 남은 음식물과;Foods filtered with foreign matter are pulverized, indirectly heated by steam, followed by primary fermentation, and remaining foods of 30% to 60% by weight of the second fermentation by removing salts by 0.5% or less and water by 50 to 60% or less;
대두박 및 옥수수 분말, 쌀겨, 미강, 그리고, 영양제가 함유된 중량% 40~70의 곡물사료가 포함되어 배합되고;Soybean meal and corn powder, rice bran, rice bran, and nutrient-containing 40% to 70% grain feed;
상기 배합물이 고형체로 성형되어 원적외선이 방사되는 건조기에서 20~40℃의 온도를 유지하며, 수분함량 13% 이하로 저온 건조되어 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한다.The blend is molded into a solid to maintain a temperature of 20 ~ 40 ℃ in the dryer is far infrared radiation, characterized in that made by drying at a low temperature of less than 13% moisture content.
또한, 본 발명에 의한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 제조방법은 남은 음식물을 수거하여 이물질을 거르는 선별단계와;In addition, the feed production method using the leftover food according to the present invention comprises the screening step of collecting the remaining food to filter foreign matter;
상기 선별단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 설정된 크기 이하로 절삭하는 분쇄단계와;A grinding step of cutting the remaining foods supplied in the sorting step to a predetermined size or less;
상기 분쇄단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 80~160℃의 스팀으로 20~40분 동안 간접 가열하는 살균단계와;Sterilization step of indirectly heating the remaining food supplied in the grinding step for 20 to 40 minutes with steam at 80 ~ 160 ℃;
상기 살균단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 1차 발효조에서 40~80℃를 유지하면서 1~2시간 동안 다수 회 교반하면서 보관하는 1차 발효단계와;A first fermentation step of storing the remaining foods supplied in the sterilization step while stirring a plurality of times for 1 to 2 hours while maintaining 40 to 80 ° C. in the primary fermenter;
상기 1차 발효단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물에 세정수를 살수하고, 음이온 및 초음파를 방사하며, 기포를 발생시키면서 교반시킨 후에 수분을 제거하여 남은 음식물에서 염분이 분리되도록 하는 염분 제거단계와;A salt removal step of sprinkling water to the remaining foods supplied in the first fermentation step, radiating anions and ultrasonic waves, and stirring while generating bubbles to remove water from the remaining foods to separate salts from the remaining foods;
상기 염분 제거단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 2차 발효조에서 40 ~ 60℃를 유지하면서 4~12시간 동안 다수 회 교반하면서 보관하는 2차 발효단계와;A second fermentation step of storing the remaining foods supplied in the salt removal step while stirring a plurality of times for 4 to 12 hours while maintaining 40 to 60 ° C. in a secondary fermenter;
상기 2차 발효단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 대기 중에 노출시켜 2~5일 동안 교반시키는 숙성단계와;A maturation step of exposing the remaining foods supplied in the second fermentation step to the air and stirring for 2 to 5 days;
상기 숙성단계가 이루어진 중량% 30~60의 남은 음식물과, 대두박 및 옥수수 분말, 쌀겨, 미강, 영양제가 함유된 중량% 40~70의 곡물사료가 섞여지는 배합단계와;A blending step of mixing the remaining food of 30% to 60% by weight of the aging step with 40% to 70% by weight of soybean meal and corn powder, rice bran, rice bran, and nutrients;
상기 배합단계에서 공급된 배합물을 일정 모양과 크기의 고형체로 만드는 성형단계와;Forming the compound supplied in the compounding step into a solid having a predetermined shape and size;
상기 성형단계에서 공급된 고형체의 사료를 원적외선 방사체가 설치된 건조기에서 20~40℃의 온도를 유지하면서 수분 함양 13% 이하로 저온 건조시키는 건조단계와;A drying step of drying the feed of the solid body supplied in the molding step to a moisture content of 13% or less while maintaining a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. in a drier equipped with a far infrared ray radiator;
상기 건조단계에서 공급된 고형체의 사료를 일정한 용량의 포장재에 담아 봉합하는 포장단계가 포함된 것을 특징으로 한다.It characterized in that it comprises a packing step of sealing the feed of the solid material supplied in the drying step in a packaging material of a predetermined capacity.
이하, 본 발명에 의한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법의 일 실시 예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of a feed and a method of manufacturing the same using the remaining food according to the present invention will be described in detail.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료의 제조방법이 도시된 순서도이다.1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of producing a feed using the remaining food according to the present invention.
본 발명에 따른 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료의 제조방법은 가정이나 음식점에 설치된 남은 음식물 수거함을 회수하여 음식물 중에 포함된 이물질을 거르는 분별단계(10)와, 이물질이 제거된 남은 음식물을 설정치 이하의 크기로 절삭하는 분쇄단계(20)와, 상기 분쇄단계(20)에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 밀폐공간에 넣어 고온의 스팀에 의해 간접 가열하므로 세균을 박멸하는 살균단계(30)와, 상기 단계에서 살균된 남은 음식물을 1차 발효조에 공급하고, 설정 온도를 유지시키면 교반하여 미생물이 성장하도록 하는 1차 발효단계(40)와, 상기 1차 발효단계(40)를 통과한 남은 음식물에 세정수를 살수하고, 음이온 및 초음파를 방사하며, 기포를 발생시켜 염분 및 향식료를 분리시키고, 탈수하여 염분 및 향식료를 제거하는 염분 제거단계(50)와, 상기 염분 제거단계(50)에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 2차 발효조에 넣고 설정된 온도를 유지하면서 교반시키며 보관하는 2차 발효단계(60)와, 상기 단계에서 발효된 남은 음식물을 대기 중에 노출시켜 교반시키며 보관하는 숙성단계(70)와, 상기 숙성단계(70)에서 공급된 중량% 30~60의 남은 음식물과 중량% 40~70인 곡물사료를 혼합하여 교반시키는 배합단계(80)와, 상기 배합단계(80)에서 공급된 배합물을 일정한 모양과 크기의 고형체로 제조하는 성형단계(90)와, 일정한 고형체로 성형된 배합물을 원적외선 발열체가 설치된 건조기에 투입하여 수분이 제거되도록 하는 건조단계(100)와, 상기 건조단계(100)에서 완성된 사료를 일정한 크기의 포장재에 담아 봉합하는 포장단계(110)가 포함되어 이루어진다.According to the present invention, a method of preparing a feed using the leftover food is to recover the leftover food collection bin installed in a home or a restaurant to filter out the foreign matter contained in the food, and to remove the remaining foreign matter to a size below the set value. The cutting step 20 to cut, the sterilization step 30 to eliminate bacteria because the indirect heating by the high temperature steam put the remaining food supplied from the grinding step 20 in a closed space and the remaining sterilized in the step When the food is supplied to the primary fermentation tank and maintained at a set temperature, the first fermentation step 40 and microorganisms are grown by stirring to sprinkle the washing water on the remaining foods passed through the first fermentation step 40, Salinity removing step (50) and the salt removal step of radiating anion and ultrasonic waves, generating bubbles to separate salts and flavorings, dehydration to remove salts and flavorings ( Second fermentation step (60) to put the remaining foods supplied from 50) into the secondary fermentation tank and keep the temperature while maintaining a set temperature, and a maturation step of keeping the foods fermented in the above step by exposure to the atmosphere and stirred ( 70) and the mixing step (80) for mixing and stirring the remaining food of 30% to 60% by weight and 40% to 70% by weight of grain feed supplied from the aging step 70, and the mixing step (80) Molding step (90) for producing the compound in a solid shape and size of a predetermined shape, drying step (100) to remove the moisture by adding the compound molded into a constant solid body in a dryer equipped with a far infrared heating element, and the drying step ( 100) comprises a packaging step 110 for sealing the finished feed in a packaging material of a certain size.
여기서, 상기 선별단계(10)는 수거된 남은 음식물을 컨베이어 벨트에 이송하면서 작업자가 수작업에 의해 이물질을 거르는 1차 선별단계(12)와, 상기 컨베이어 벨트를 통과한 남은 음식물이 통과되도록 컨베이어 벨트의 단부에 마그네트 풀리를 설치하여 남은 음식물 중에 함유된 금속재의 이물질이 자기력에 의해 제거되도록 하는 2차 선별단계(14)가 포함되어 이루어진다.Here, the sorting step 10 of the conveyor belt so as to pass the collected food left on the conveyor belt, the first sorting step 12 for the worker to filter the foreign matter by manual labor, and the remaining food passed through the conveyor belt. Secondary sorting step 14 is provided to install a magnet pulley at the end to remove foreign matters of the metal material contained in the remaining food by magnetic force.
상기 분쇄단계(20)는 선별단계(10)를 통과한 남은 음식물이 설정치 이하의 크기로 절삭되는 단계인 바, 남은 음식물의 크기가 단계적으로 작아지면서 절삭되도록 수직 방향으로 길게 형성된 본체 내부에 다수 개의 절삭날이 설치된 분쇄기에 의해 이루어지는데 여기서는 남은 음식물의 크기를 20㎜ 이하로 절삭하는 1차 파쇄단계(22)와, 남은 음식물의 크기를 10㎜ 이하로 절삭하는 2차 분쇄단계(24)가 포함되어 이루어진다.The crushing step 20 is a step in which the remaining food passing through the sorting step 10 is cut to a size smaller than or equal to a set value. It is made by a crusher equipped with a cutting edge, which includes a primary crushing step 22 for cutting the remaining food to 20 mm or less, and a secondary crushing step 24 for cutting the remaining food to 10 mm or less. It is done.
물론, 상기 분쇄단계(20)는 남은 음식물의 종류나 그 양에 따라 분쇄단계를 2차 이상으로 더 세분화하여도 무방하며, 고르게 분쇄된 남은 음식물은 상기 배합단계(80)에서 곡물사료와 효과적으로 혼합될 수 있어 향상된 품질의 사료를 생산할 수 있도록 한다.Of course, the grinding step 20 may be further subdivided into two or more secondary grinding steps, depending on the type or amount of the remaining food, the remaining food is evenly mixed with the grain feed in the blending step (80). It is possible to produce improved quality feed.
상기 살균단계(30)는 일정 공간을 이루는 본체와, 스팀 발생기 등이 설치된 살균기에 상기 분쇄단계에서 10㎜ 이하의 크기로 절삭된 남은 음식물을 투입하고, 80~160℃의 스팀을 20~40분 동안 분사하여 음식물을 간접 가열하면서 세균을 박멸하는 단계로서 이 단계에서 대장균 등의 유해 세균이 제거된다.The sterilization step 30 is to put the remaining food cut to a size of less than 10mm in the crushing step in the sterilizer is installed, the main body and a steam generator, such as a predetermined space, the steam of 80 ~ 160 ℃ 20 ~ 40 minutes It is a step of erasing bacteria while injecting food indirectly by spraying during the process, and in this step, harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli are removed.
상기 1차 발효단계(40)는 멸균된 남은 음식물에 염분 및 향식료 등의 이물질을 용이하게 분리할 수 있도록 음식물을 발효시키는 단계로서, 일정 공간을 이루는 1차 발효조에 남은 음식물을 통상의 발효제와 같이 투입하여 다수 회 반복하며 교반시키고, 40~80℃를 유지하면서 1~2 시간 동안 보관하여 음식물의 발효를 촉진시킨다.The first fermentation step 40 is a step of fermenting the food to easily separate the foreign substances such as salt and flavor foods in the remaining sterilized food, the food remaining in the primary fermenter forming a certain space and the conventional fermentation agent Add together and repeat a number of times and stir, and keep for 1 to 2 hours while maintaining 40 ~ 80 ℃ to promote the fermentation of food.
상기 염분 제거단계(50)는 남은 음식물을 노즐 및 교반기가 설치된 염분 제거기에 투입하여 전원을 인가하면 노즐에서 살수되는 세정수에 의해 남은 음식물에 자극이 가해지고, 교반기에 의해 물과 함께 유동되면서 음식물 중의 염분 및 향식료가 물에 용해되도록 하는 염분 분해단계(52)와, 염분 및 향식료가 용해된 물이 남은 음식물과 분리되도록 원심 분리기에 투입하고, 스팀 및 세정수를 지속적으로 공급하면서 고속으로 회전시켜 수분 함량이 50~60%까지 낮아지도록 하는 탈수단계(54)가 포함되어 이루어진다.The salinity removing step 50 is to put the remaining food in the salt remover equipped with a nozzle and a stirrer to apply power, the irritation is applied to the remaining food by the washing water sprayed from the nozzle, while flowing with water by the stirrer Salinity decomposition step 52 so that salts and flavors in the water is dissolved in water, and the salt and flavors are fed into a centrifuge to separate the water dissolved in the food, and the steam and washing water at high speed while continuously supplying Rotation is made to include a dehydration step 54 to lower the water content to 50 ~ 60%.
여기서, 상기 염분 분해단계(52)는 발효 음식이 많은 우리나라의 음식의 특성을 고려하여 염분 제거기에 음이온 발생기 및 초음파 발생기, 기포 발생기를 설치하여 음식물로부터 염분 및 향식료가 용이하게 분리될 수 있도록 한다.Here, the salt decomposition step 52 is to install the anion generator, ultrasonic generator, bubble generator in the salt remover in consideration of the characteristics of the food of the country with a lot of fermented food so that the salt and flavoring food can be easily separated from the food. .
이로써, 염분 제거단계(50)가 완료된 남은 음식물은 염분함량이 0.5% 이하로 낮아져 가축 및 어류의 건강을 해치는 염분은 제거됨과 동시에 유산균이나 각종 효소는 파괴되지 않아 가축 및 어류의 성장에 유효한 사료를 이룬다.As a result, the remaining foods having the salt removal step (50) are lowered to less than 0.5% of salt content, which removes salts that harm the health of livestock and fish, and does not destroy lactic acid bacteria or various enzymes. Achieve.
상기 2차 발효단계(60)는 염분 및 향식료가 제거된 남은 음식물을 송풍장치 및 온도조절장치가 설치된 2차 발효조에 투입하여 미생물 증식 및 수분조절을 위해 필요한 부형제를 남은 음식물 대비 약 10% 정도 투입하여 2차 발효조 내에 설치된 스크루에 의해 약 1시간 동안 혼합한 후에 약 4~12 시간 동안 저장되며, 이때, 상기 스크루는 약 2시간 간격으로 약 20분간 작동되어 규칙적인 교반작업이 이루어지도록 한다.In the second fermentation step 60, the remaining foods from which salt and flavors have been removed are introduced into a secondary fermentation tank equipped with a blower and a temperature control device, and about 10% of the excipients necessary for the growth of microorganisms and moisture control are compared to the remaining foods. After mixing for about 1 hour by the screw installed in the secondary fermenter and stored for about 4 to 12 hours, the screw is operated for about 20 minutes at intervals of about 2 hours to make a regular stirring operation.
상기 숙성단계(70)는 2차 발효단계에서 공급된 남은 음식물을 대기 중에 노출시켜 충분하게 산소가 공급되도록 하여 2~5일 동안 숙성시키는 단계로서 이때 미생물의 성장이 완료된다.The aging step 70 is to expose the remaining foods supplied in the secondary fermentation step in the atmosphere so that sufficient oxygen is supplied to ripen for 2 to 5 days, the growth of the microorganism is completed.
상기 배합단계(70)는 숙성단계에서 공급된 중량% 30~60인 남은 음식물과 중량% 40~70인 곡물사료를 믹서기에 투입하여 배합하는 단계로서, 상기 곡물사료는 중량% 10~30인 대두박 분말과, 중량% 15~40인 옥수수 분말과, 중량% 5~15인 쌀겨 분말과, 중량% 10~20인 미강과 극소량의 영양제가 포함되어 이루어진다.The blending step (70) is a step of blending by adding the remaining food of 30% to 60% by weight and 40% to 70% grain feed fed to the blender, the grain feed is 10% to 30% by weight soybean meal It comprises a powder, 15% to 40% corn powder, 5% to 15% rice bran powder, 10% to 20% rice bran, and a very small amount of nutrient.
이로써, 사료의 구성물은 완전히 구비되며, 사료의 보관 및 취급이 용이하도록 일정한 모양으로 성형되는 바, 통상의 펠릿 성형기에 투입하여 특정 모양의 사료를 이루도록 하는 성형단계(90)를 행하고, 남은 음식물을 건조기에 공급하여 수분함량이 13%이로 낮아지는 건조단계(100)가 이루어진다.Thus, the ingredients of the feed is completely provided, and is formed into a predetermined shape to facilitate the storage and handling of the feed bar, the forming step 90 to form a feed of a specific shape by inserting into a conventional pellet molding machine, the remaining food The drying step 100 is supplied to the dryer to lower the moisture content to 13%.
여기서, 상기 건조단계를 행하는 건조기는 그 내부에 중량% 50~80인 거정석(Pegmatite) 분말과, 중량% 20~50인 황토가 배합되어 이루어진 원적외선 발열체가 설치됨으로써, 20~30℃의 저온에서 원적외선이 방사되는 거정석 및 황토의 영향으로 배합물 내의 유효한 미생물은 파괴되지 않으며, 수분만을 제거할 수 있도록 한다.Here, the drier performing the drying step has a far-infrared heating element formed by mixing a weight percent 50 to 80 (eg Pegmatite) powder, and the weight percent 20 to 50 ocher in the interior, at a low temperature of 20 ~ 30 ℃ The effect of macrocrystals and loess from which far-infrared radiation is emitted does not destroy the effective microorganisms in the formulation, and only removes moisture.
이후, 상기 건조단계(100)에서 공급된 사료는 20㎏ 이나 25㎏ 등의 일정한 요량의 포장재에 담겨져 봉합되는 포장단계(110)를 이루어 완전한 사료의 제조가 완료된다.Thereafter, the feed supplied in the drying step 100 is made in a packaging step 110 is sealed in a certain amount of packaging material such as 20kg or 25kg to complete the manufacture of the complete feed.
상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명에 의한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 및 그 제조방법은 염분 및 향식료의 분리가 용이하도록 1차 발효된 남은 음식물에 세정수를 살수하고, 교반시켜 염분을 음식물로부터 분리시키고, 이를 스팀 및 세정수를 지속적으로 공급하면서 원심 분리기에 의해 탈수함으로써, 염분 함량이 0.5% 이하로 낮아지고, 조미료, 향식료 등이 제거됨으로써, 남은 음식물을 사료화할 수 있으므로 사료비가 절감되어 축산업의 경쟁력을 향상시킬 수 있는 이점이 있고, 남은 음식물이 쓰레기로 처리되는 것을 방지할 수 있어 환경오염을 예방할 수 있는 이점이 있다. The feed using the remaining food according to the present invention configured as described above and a method for producing the same, the washing water is sprayed on the remaining foods fermented in primary fermentation to facilitate the separation of salts and flavors, and stirred to separate the salts from the food, By dehydration by centrifuge while continuously supplying steam and washing water, the salt content is lowered to 0.5% or less, and seasonings, flavors, etc. are removed, so that the remaining food can be fed, thus reducing feed costs and improving competitiveness of livestock industry. There is an advantage that can be improved, and the remaining food can be prevented from being disposed of as trash has the advantage of preventing environmental pollution.
또한, 염분 및 향식료가 제거된 남은 음식물을 2차 발효시키고, 숙성시킨 후에 일정한 모양으로 성형하여 20~30℃의 낮은 온도에서 거정석 및 황토에 의한 원적외선을 방사하면서 수분함량 13% 이하로 건조시킴으로써, 가축 및 어류에 유익한 효소 등의 미생물이 보존된 사료를 제조할 수 있으므로 가축 및 어류의 건강을 유지하면서 효율적으로 성장을 촉진시킬 수 있는 이점이 있다.In addition, the remaining foods from which salt and flavors have been removed are secondary fermented, aged, and molded into a uniform shape and dried to a moisture content of 13% or less while emitting far-infrared rays by macrocrystals and ocher at a low temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. By doing so, it is possible to produce a feed preserved microorganisms, such as enzymes beneficial to livestock and fish, there is an advantage that can efficiently promote growth while maintaining the health of livestock and fish.
도 1a, 도 1b는 본 발명에 의한 남은 음식물을 이용한 사료 제조방법이 도시된 순서도이다.Figure 1a, Figure 1b is a flow chart illustrating a feed manufacturing method using the remaining food according to the present invention.
<도면의 주요 부분에 관한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>
10 : 선별단계 12 : 1차 선별단계10: screening step 12: the first screening step
14 : 2차 선별단계 20 : 분쇄단계14: 2nd sorting step 20: grinding step
22 : 1차 파쇄단계 24 : 2차 분쇄단계22: 1st shredding step 24: 2nd shredding step
30 : 살균단계 40 : 1차 발효단계30: sterilization step 40: first fermentation step
50 : 염분 제거단계 52 : 염분 분해단계50: salt removal step 52: salt decomposition step
54 : 탈수단계 60 : 2차 발효단계54: dehydration step 60: secondary fermentation step
70 : 숙성단계 80 : 배합단계70: ripening step 80: mixing step
90 : 성형단계 100 : 건조단계90: forming step 100: drying step
110 : 포장단계110: packing step
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KR101150977B1 (en) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-06-08 | 채수동 | Manufacturing method of high pressure supplementary feed stuff and supplementary feed stuff using the same |
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