KR100447940B1 - Development of profitable prey, green algae Coelastrum sp. - Google Patents

Development of profitable prey, green algae Coelastrum sp. Download PDF

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KR100447940B1
KR100447940B1 KR10-2002-0015275A KR20020015275A KR100447940B1 KR 100447940 B1 KR100447940 B1 KR 100447940B1 KR 20020015275 A KR20020015275 A KR 20020015275A KR 100447940 B1 KR100447940 B1 KR 100447940B1
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coelastrum
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rotifer
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한명수
홍성수
김영옥
조수연
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학교법인 한양학원
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Abstract

본 발명은 윤충류(Rotifer) 성장에 효과적인 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸(Coelastrum)에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 담수치어의 먹이인 윤충류의 배양에 필요한 대체 먹이로 기존의 이스트나 클로렐라 보다 배양이 쉽고 경제적이며 윤충류 성장에 매우 효과적인 코엘라스트룸을 분리, 배양함으로써 어류양식산업에 크게 기여할 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a yunchung acids (Rotifer) effective freshwater algae to grow nose Ella Sturm (Coelastrum), more specifically, the culture than conventional yeast and chlorella as an alternate feed required for the culture of yunchung current feed of fresh water fry The present invention relates to a freshwater green algae coelastom that will greatly contribute to the fish farming industry by separating and cultivating the coelastems, which are easy and economical and very effective for rotifer growth.

Description

윤충류 성장에 효과적인 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸{Development of profitable prey, green algae Coelastrum sp.}Development of profitable prey, green algae Coelastrum sp.

본 발명은 윤충류(Rotifer) 성장에 효과적인 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸(Coelastrum)에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 담수치어의 먹이인윤충류의 배양에 필요한 대체 먹이로 기존의 이스트나 클로렐라 보다 배양이 쉽고 경제적이며 윤충류 성장에 매우 효과적인 코엘라스트룸을 분리, 배양함으로써 어류양식산업에 크게 기여할 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a yunchung acids (Rotifer) effective freshwater algae to grow nose Ella Sturm (Coelastrum), more specifically, the culture than conventional yeast and chlorella as an alternate feed required for the culture of yunchung current feed of fresh water fry The present invention relates to a freshwater green algae coelastom that will greatly contribute to the fish farming industry by separating and cultivating the coelastems, which are easy and economical and very effective for rotifer growth.

최근에 우리나라 토종 담수어종은 산업의 발달과 더불어 각종 생활하수 및 산업폐수의 유입으로 인하여 멸종의 위기에 처해 있다. 또한, 상수원 보호를 위한 호수내 가두리 양식금지로 인해 더욱 위축되었다. 이러한 현실에서 담수어종 보존, 관상어 및 식용어로서 이용가능한 양식분야가 산업적으로 발전하기 위해서 체계적인 종묘의 수급계획은 물론 어종확보를 위한 노력이 요청된다. 특히, 이를 위한 어종의 인공번식기술과 더불어 치어시기의 적절한 먹이의 질적 양적 확보가 시급한 실정이다.Recently, indigenous freshwater fish species in Korea are in danger of extinction due to industrial development and various inflow of domestic and industrial wastewater. In addition, the ban on cages in lakes to protect water supplies has been further reduced. In this reality, in order to industrialize the development of freshwater fish species as preservation, ornamental fish and edible fish farming industry, efforts are needed to secure fish species as well as systematic seeding and supply planning. In particular, it is urgent to secure the qualitative and quantitative quality of the feed for the fry along with the artificial breeding technology of fish species.

현재까지 치어 먹이는 대부분 윤충류(rotifer)가 가장 널리 이용되고 있다. 또한, 윤충류(rotifer)는 해산 및 담수산 치어먹이 뿐만 아니라 고급 관상어인 드워프 구라미(Dwarf Gourami)와 디스커스(Discus) 등의 먹이로도 이용되고 있다.To date, rotifers are the most widely used. In addition, rotifers are used not only for seafood and freshwater fry, but also for foods such as Dwarf Gourami and Discus, which are high-quality ornamental fish.

그러나 지금까지 담수어의 먹이로 공급되는 담수산 로티퍼 배양은 사람이나 동물의 분 또는 비료를 이용하여 실외연못에서 대량 배양한 조류(algae)를 먹이로 공급하는데[Dahril, 1997,Hydrobiologia, 358:211-215; Lim and Wong, 1997,Hydrobiologia, 358:269-273 ], 이러한 방법은 로티퍼 성장에 영향을 미치는 각종 환경요인(수온, pH, NH3-N)들을 인위적으로 조절하기가 어렵고, 다른 동물플랑크톤과 먹이경쟁 또는 로티퍼를 포식하는 섬모충(Asplanchnasp.)의 오염으로 인하여결국 로티퍼 개체수가 급격히 감소하는 문제가 발생되기 때문에 로티퍼 유지에 어려움이 많다. 또한, 지금까지 로티퍼의 먹이로서 수입사료, 시판클로렐라, 이스트(Yeast) 등이 이용되어 왔으나 이들 대부분이 비싸고 수입에 의존하거나 국내에서 생산되는 양으론 충분하지 않다. 이스트는 손쉽게 대량배양이 가능하여 많은 곳에서 선호해 왔지만, 장기간동안 로티퍼에게 먹일 경우, 영양결핍현상을 유발하였고, 많은 종류의 섬모충이 발생하는 등 로티퍼의 안정적 유지에는 어려움이 많았다. 따라서, 로티퍼의 먹이로서의 가치를 높이기 위해서는 먹이 자체에 원하는 영양분의 함량뿐만 아니라 단위 면적당 높은 세포밀도를 안정적으로 손쉽게 얻을 수 있는 먹이개발이 필요하다.However, until now, freshwater rotifer cultivation for freshwater fish has been used to feed algae grown in outdoor ponds using human or animal flour or fertilizer [Dahril, 1997, Hydrobiologia , 358: 211-. 215; Lim and Wong, 1997, Hydrobiologia , 358: 269-273], this method is difficult to artificially control the various environmental factors (water temperature, pH, NH 3 -N) affecting rotifer growth, and other animal plankton and food Contamination of competition or rotifer predatory larvae ( Asplanchna sp.), Resulting in a sharp decline in the number of rotifers, is difficult to maintain rotifers. In addition, imported feed, marketed chlorella, yeast, etc. have been used as rotifers so far, but most of them are expensive and depend on imports or are not sufficient in domestic production. Yeast has been preferred in many places because it can be easily mass cultivated, but feeding rotifers over long periods of time caused nutritional deficiencies and many types of ciliary worms, making it difficult to maintain rotifers. Therefore, in order to increase the value of the rotifers, it is necessary to develop foods that can stably obtain a high cell density per unit area as well as the desired nutrient content in the food itself.

이에, 본 발명자들은 담수치어 양식에 가장 많이 이용되는 윤충류를 경제적이며 안정적으로 공급을 위하여 배양이 쉽고, 경제성이 높은 담수녹조를 이료생물로 개발하고자 연구한 결과, 국내에서 처음으로 코엘라스트룸을 분리함으로써 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.Therefore, the present inventors have studied the development of easy-to-cultivate, high-efficiency freshwater algae as a biological organism for economically and stably supplying the rotifers most frequently used in freshwater fry farming. By separating the present invention was completed.

따라서, 본 발명은 윤충류 배양의 안정적 유지를 위한 새로운 이료생물을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a new aliphatic organism for the stable maintenance of rotifer culture.

도 1은 분리 배양된 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸의 현미경사진이다.Figure 1 is a micrograph of fresh water green cola cultivation isolated culture.

도 2는 클로렐라 불가리스(Chlorella vulgaris), 시판용 농축 클로렐라(ChlorellaTM), 마이크로시스티스(Microcystis aeruginosa) 및 본 발명 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸(Coelastrum)을 먹이로 투입한 이후 윤충류 브라치오누스 칼리시프로로스(Brachionus calyciflorus)의 성장패턴을 그래프로 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2 Chlorella vulgaris ( Chlorella vulgaris ), commercial concentrated Chlorella (Chlorella TM ), Microcystis aeruginosa and the present invention freshwater green algae Coelastrum ( Coelastrum ) after feeding the rotifer Brachionus calci The growth pattern of the prorose ( Brachionus calyciflorus ) is shown as a graph.

도 3 본 발명에 따른 코엘라스트룸을 섭식한 윤충류 브라치오누스 칼리시프로로스의 생체사진이다.Figure 3 is a biophotograph of the rotifer Brachius calciprolos fed the coelastrum according to the present invention.

본 발명은 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸(Coelastrum)을 윤충류(Rotifer)의 이료생물로 이용하는 방법에 그 특징이 있다.The present invention is characterized in that the method of using a fresh water algae nose Ella Sturm (Coelastrum) to yiryo organisms yunchung acids (Rotifer).

이와 같은 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the present invention in more detail as follows.

본 발명은 담수치어의 먹이인 윤충류의 배양에 필요한 대체 먹이로 기존의 이스트나 클로렐라 보다 배양이 쉽고 경제적이며 윤충류 성장에 매우 효과적인 코엘라스트룸을 분리, 배양함으로써 어류양식산업에 크게 기여할 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸에 관한 것이다.The present invention is an alternative food for the cultivation of freshwater larvae, which is easier and more economical than conventional yeast or chlorella, and isolates and cultivates coelastrum, which is very effective for growing larvae. Green algae coelastrum.

본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 경안천 표층으로부터 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸움의 단일군체를 분리, 배양한다.In order to achieve the object of the present invention, a single colony of freshwater algae coelastumum is isolated and cultured from the surface of Gyeongancheon.

본 발명에 이용할 수 있는 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸은 녹색식물문, 녹조강, 녹색소구체목, 코엘라스트룸과에 속하는 종이면 가능하다.The freshwater green algae coelastrum which can be used in the present invention may be a species belonging to the green plant door, green algae, green globules, and coelastrum.

도 1에서처럼 코엘라스트룸 조체는 구형이나 육각형에 가깝고, 8, 16, 32개 세포가 군체를 형성한다. 세포의 지름은 7 ∼ 15 ㎛이며, 수중에 영양염 농도가 높고 부영양화된 호수나 저수지에 보통 분포한다.As shown in FIG. 1, coelastrum aggregates are close to spherical or hexagonal, and 8, 16 and 32 cells form colonies. Cells range in diameter from 7 to 15 µm and are usually distributed in nutrient-rich lakes and reservoirs in water.

코엘라스트룸 배양에 이용하는 배지는, 코엘라스트룸이 배양될 수 있는 것이면 특별히 제한은 없으나, 바람직하기로는 기본 배지로서 다음 표 1에서와 같이 경제적이며 간편한 PP(proteose Pepton) 배지나 JM(Jaworski's Medium) 배지를 이용할 수 있으며, BG(Blue-Green Medium)-11 배지에서도 배양이 가능하다.The medium used for culturing the coelastrum is not particularly limited as long as it can be cultivated. Preferably, it is an economical and convenient PP (proteose epton) medium or JM (Jaworski's) as a basic medium. Medium) medium can be used, and culturing is possible in BG (Blue-Green Medium) -11 medium.

PP(Proteose Peptone Medium) 배지 조성Composition of PP (Proteose Peptone Medium) medium 조 성Furtherance 중 량(/리터)Weight (/ liter) MgSO4.7H2OMgSO 4 .7H2O 1.0 g1.0 g K2HPO4 K 2 HPO 4 1.0 g1.0 g KNO3 KNO 3 10.0 g10.0 g Proteose peptone (Oxoid L85)Proteose peptone (Oxoid L85) 1.0 g1.0 g

본 발명에 따른 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸은 국내 호수 어디에서나 보편적으로 관찰되는 종으로, 다른 녹조보다 배양이 쉽고, 정량 및 정량적인 실험이 매우 용이하다. 특히, 전문적 지식이 부족해도 누구나 쉽게 배양할 수 있는 장점이 있다.Freshwater green algae coelastrum according to the present invention is a species commonly observed anywhere in Korea, and is easier to cultivate than other green algae, and is easy to quantitatively and quantitatively experiment. In particular, there is an advantage that anyone can easily cultivate even if the lack of professional knowledge.

또한, 도 2에서와 같이 기존에 이료생물로 이용되어온 녹조류 클로렐라를 포함한 다른 담수조류보다 윤충류의 먹이로서 탁월한 기능이 있음이 증명되었다.In addition, as shown in Figure 2 it was proved that there is an excellent function as a feed of rotifers than other freshwater algae including green alga Chlorella that has been used as a conventional biological organism.

따라서, 본 발명에 따른 담수녹조 코엘라스트룸은 배양이 쉽고, 종래의 수입사료보다 경제적이며, 담수치어의 먹이인 윤충류 성장에 매우 효과적이므로, 윤충류의 새로운 먹이로 사용하면 양식산업 발전에 크게 기여할 수 있다.Therefore, the freshwater green algae coelastem according to the present invention is easier to cultivate, more economical than conventional imported feeds, and is very effective for the growth of rotifers, which is a feed of freshwater fry, and when used as a new feed of rotifers, It can contribute greatly.

이하, 본 발명은 다음 실시예에 의거하여 상세히 설명하겠는바, 본 발명이 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

실시예 1: 미생물의 분리, 배양Example 1 Isolation and Culture of Microorganisms

본 발명에 따른 코엘라스트룸 캠브리컴(Coelastrum cambricum) 단일군체 분리를 위하여 팔당호 지류인 경안천에서 채집한 시료에서 다음과 같이 분리 및 배양 하였다. Coelastrum cambricum ( Coelastrum cambricum ) according to the present invention was isolated and incubated in the sample collected from Gyeongancheon, a branch of the Paldang Lake to isolate a single colony.

코엘라스트룸 단일군체의 분리는 해부현미경[Olympus, Japan]하에서 미세피펫(capillary)을 이용하여 분리하였다. 분리된 코엘라스트룸 단일군체의 세포 세척과 미세조류를 포함한 부유물질 제거를 위해 현장수를 0.45 ㎛ 유리섬유 여과지(GF/F)로 1차 여과하고, 박테리아나 콜로이드 물질을 배제시키기 위하여 0.2 ㎛ 실린지필터(Syringe filter)로 2차 여과하였다. 이러한 방법으로 여과된 여과수에서 코엘라스트룸 단일군체를 미세피펫방법을 이용하여 10번 이상 세척하여 분리하였다.Separation of coelastem monocolon was isolated by micropipette (capillary) under an anatomical microscope [Olympus, Japan]. Firstly filter the field water with 0.45 ㎛ glass fiber filter paper (GF / F) for cell washing and removal of suspended solids including microalgae of isolated coelastem monoliths, and 0.2 ㎛ for excluding bacteria and colloidal substances. Secondary filtration was performed using a syringe filter. In the filtered filtrate in this way, the coelastem monocolon was isolated by washing at least 10 times using a micropipette method.

코엘라스트룸의 배양은 위의 방법에 따라 분리된 단일군체를 PP 배지가 들어있는 96 웰 플레이트에 하나씩 접종하여 15 ∼ 28 ℃, 광도 35 ∼ 45 μ㏖s-1m-2, 빛주기 12 L : 12D 조건에서 일정기간 배양하였다. 이후 충분한 개체수가 확보되면 위와 동일한 배양조건에서 6 웰 플레이트로 옮기고 최종 배양은 2 L 삼각플라스크에서 위와 동일한 조건하에서 배양하였다.By co-cultivation of Ella Sturm is one of a single colony isolated according to the above method in 96-well plates containing the inoculated culture medium PP 15 ~ 28 ℃, light intensity 35 ~ 45 μ㏖s -1 m -2, light cycle 12 L: It was incubated for a period of time in 12D conditions. After sufficient population was secured to the 6 well plate under the same culture conditions and the final culture was incubated under the same conditions in the 2 L Erlenmeyer flask.

상기 PP 배지는 다음과 같은 방법에 따라 조제하였다.The PP medium was prepared according to the following method.

MgSO4.7H2O 1.0 g, K2HPO41.0 g, KNO310.0 g을 각각 1 L에 녹여 원액으로 만들고, 삼각플라스크 3 L에 상기 원액으로부터 10 mL씩 넣고, 거기에 프로테로오스 펩톤[Oxoid L85] 1.0 g 넣은 후, 증류수를 이용하여 최종량을 1 L로 만들고, 이를 고온습윤멸균기에서 멸균하여 조제하였다.1.0 g of MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, 1.0 g of K 2 HPO 4 , and 10.0 g of KNO 3 are dissolved in 1 L of a stock solution, and 10 ml of the stock solution is added to 3 L of an Erlenmeyer flask, and there is a proteose peptone [ Oxoid L85] 1.0 g was added, and the final amount was made to 1 L using distilled water, which was prepared by sterilization in a high temperature wet sterilizer.

실시예 2: 윤충류의 성장실험Example 2: Growth experiment of rotifers

실험에 사용된 로티퍼는 빠른 성장을 하는 클론을 분리하기 위해 10개체의 female을 10일 동안 20 ㎖의 시험관에서 각각 배양한 후, 성장률이 가장 높은 클론을 선택하였다. 선택된 클론은 28 ℃에서 5 L 배양수에 먹이로 담수산 농축 클로렐라(ChlorellaTM)를 공급하여 배양하였다. 실험은 48시간 전에 탈염소시킨 수돗물을 이용하였고 실험에 이용한 로티퍼는 내구란이 없는 것으로 실험 시작 48시간 전부터 먹이를 공급하지 않았다. 실험은 pH, 온도 28 ℃, 광도 40 μmol s-1m-2, 빛주기 12L:12D 하에서 실시하였다.The rotifers used in the experiment were incubated with 10 females in a 20 ml test tube for 10 days in order to isolate the fast-growing clones, and the clones with the highest growth rates were selected. The selected clones were cultured by feeding freshwater concentrated chlorella (Chlorella ) to 5 L culture water at 28 ° C. The experiment was performed using tap water dechlorinated 48 hours before, and the rotifer used in the experiment was not durable, and was not fed from 48 hours before the start of the experiment. The experiment was conducted under a pH, a temperature of 28 ° C., a light intensity of 40 μmol s −1 m −2 , and a light cycle 12L: 12D.

상기 실시예 1에서 분리 배양된 코엘라스트룸, 클로렐라 불가리스(Chlorella vulgaris), 시판용 농축클로렐라(ChlorellaTM), 마이크로시스트(Microcystis aeruginosa)를 먹인 로티퍼 브라치오누스 칼리시프로로스(Brachionus calyciflorus) 개체군의 성장실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 도 2와 같이 본 발명의 코엘라스트룸을 먹은 윤충류 개체군이 4일 이후부터 다른 먹이보다 약 800% 이상의 높은 성장을 나타냈다.Of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus population fed the coelasturm , Chlorella vulgaris , commercial concentrated chlorella (Chlorella ), microcyst ( Microcystis aeruginosa ) isolated and cultured in Example 1 Growth experiments were conducted. As a result, as shown in Figure 2, the entrepreneurs population fed the coelastrum of the present invention showed about 800% higher growth than other foods after 4 days.

또한, 윤충류 체내에 섭식된 코에라스트룸의 형광현미경 사진을 도 3에 나타내었다.In addition, fluorescence micrographs of coerastrum fed into the rotifer body are shown in FIG. 3.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에서 분리된 코엘라스트룸은 종래의 먹이 사료인 농축클로렐라나 다른 수입사료보다는 생산원가가 저렴하고 단시간에 많은 양의 윤충류 수확이 가능하여 매우 경제적이다. 또한, 다른 담수녹조류보다는 비교적 배양이 간단하기 때문에 종래의 배양에서 소요되던 인력과 시간을 절약할 수 있다. 따라서, 종래의 먹이 사료인 농축 클로렐라나 기타 수입사료를 대체할 수 있는 이료생물로서 어류양식산업에 크게 기여하리라 기대된다.As described above, the coelastrum separated in the present invention is more economical than the conventional food feed concentrate chlorella or other imported feeds because the production cost is cheaper and a large amount of rotifers can be harvested in a short time. In addition, since the culture is relatively simpler than other freshwater green algae, it is possible to save manpower and time required in the conventional culture. Therefore, it is expected to greatly contribute to the fish farming industry as a feedstock that can replace conventional chlorella or other imported feed.

Claims (2)

담수녹조 코엘라스트룸(Coelastrumsp.)을 윤충류(Rotifer)의 이료생물로 이용하는 방법.Freshwater algae Coelastrum sp. Is used as a biological organism of Rotifer. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 윤충류는 브라치오누스 칼리시프로로스(Brachionus calyciflorus)인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the rotifer is Brachionus calyciflorus .
KR10-2002-0015275A 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Development of profitable prey, green algae Coelastrum sp. KR100447940B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5515706A (en) * 1978-07-18 1980-02-04 Bridgestone Corp Artificial feed for fry
JPH01187082A (en) * 1988-01-22 1989-07-26 Kurorera Kogyo Kk Production of astaxanthin-rich chlorophyceae
JPH01240128A (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-09-25 Kurorera Kogyo Kk Rotifer feed

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5515706A (en) * 1978-07-18 1980-02-04 Bridgestone Corp Artificial feed for fry
JPH01187082A (en) * 1988-01-22 1989-07-26 Kurorera Kogyo Kk Production of astaxanthin-rich chlorophyceae
JPH01240128A (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-09-25 Kurorera Kogyo Kk Rotifer feed

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Effect of methyl parathion on the population growth of the rotifer Brachionus patulus (O. F. Muller) under different algal food (Chlorella vulgaris) densities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2001 Feb;48(2):190-5. *
Effect of three food types on the population growth of Brachionus calyciflorus and Brachionus patulus (Rotifera: Brachionidae). Rev Biol Trop. 2001 Mar;49(1):77-84. *

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