KR100291916B1 - Reflective type LCD - Google Patents

Reflective type LCD Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100291916B1
KR100291916B1 KR1019980012543A KR19980012543A KR100291916B1 KR 100291916 B1 KR100291916 B1 KR 100291916B1 KR 1019980012543 A KR1019980012543 A KR 1019980012543A KR 19980012543 A KR19980012543 A KR 19980012543A KR 100291916 B1 KR100291916 B1 KR 100291916B1
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South Korea
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liquid crystal
crystal cell
crystal display
diffusion layer
polarizing plate
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KR1019980012543A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19990079769A (en
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강승곤
김병희
김선화
최영일
신현억
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김순택
삼성에스디아이주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G02F1/133555—Transflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A reflecting typed liquid crystal display is provided to improve light efficiency emitted to a front face by being reflected in a liquid crystal cell and to remove double layer structure. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal display of a reflecting type comprises a liquid crystal cell(2) having a switching unit on an upper side of a lower base plate; a polaroid plate(4) attached to an upper portion of the liquid crystal cell; an adhesive layer(8) inserted to the upper portion of the liquid crystal cell; a diffusion layer(6) formed on an upper face of the polaroid plate; and a pair of protecting films(44,46) mounted on both sides of the polaroid plate. The diffusion layer is applied to the upper protecting film of the polaroid plate. Liquid crystal displays compensates coloration by attaching compensating film between the liquid crystal cell and the polaroid plate. Thereby, the liquid crystal display of the reflecting type improves light efficiency emitted to a front face by being reflected in the liquid crystal cell.

Description

반사형 액정표시소자{Reflective type LCD}Reflective liquid crystal display device {Reflective type LCD}

본 발명은 액정표시소자에 관한 것으로서, 특히 외부로부터 입사되어 액정 셀 내부에서 반사되고 다시 전면으로 조사되는 반사광의 이용 효율을 높여, 전면으로 출사되는 화상의 휘도 및 시인성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 반사형 액정표시소자에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and in particular, to improve the use efficiency of reflected light incident from the outside and reflected inside the liquid crystal cell and irradiated to the front surface, thereby improving the brightness and visibility of the image emitted to the front surface. It relates to a liquid crystal display device.

반사형 액정표시소자는 액정 셀의 하부 기판에 반사막을 형성한 것으로, 액정 셀의 상부 기판을 통해 입사된 외부 광이 상기 반사막을 통해 되반사되어 전면으로 출사되게 하므로 화상을 표시한다.The reflective liquid crystal display device forms a reflective film on the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell, and displays an image since external light incident through the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell is reflected back through the reflective film and emitted to the front surface.

액정 셀은 TN, STN이나 TFT의 형태가 모두 적용될 수 있는데, 그 중에서 지금까지 알려진 TFT의 경우에는 하부 기판의 상면에 전극 패턴과 박막 트랜지스터와 같은 스위칭수단이 부가되고, 다시 그 상면에 절연층과 반사막이 적층된 구조로 이루어진다. 상기한 반사막은 통상 알루미늄을 증착하여 형성되는 것이다.The liquid crystal cell may be applied in the form of TN, STN or TFT. Among the known TFTs, an electrode pattern and a switching means such as a thin film transistor are added to an upper surface of the lower substrate, and an insulating layer and The reflective film is made of a stacked structure. The reflective film is usually formed by depositing aluminum.

또 상기 하부 기판에 대응되는 상부 기판의 하면에는 칼라 필터와 투명 전극이 적층되고, 화면을 구성하는 상부 기판의 상면에는 편광판과 디퓨저(diffuser)가 적층된 구조로 되어 있다.In addition, a color filter and a transparent electrode are stacked on a lower surface of the upper substrate corresponding to the lower substrate, and a polarizer and a diffuser are stacked on the upper surface of the upper substrate constituting the screen.

이렇게 구성된 액정표시소자에서 액정 물질은 인가 전압이 오프 상태일 때 기판과 평행하게 배열되므로 입사된 외부 광을 산란시켜 유백색의 화면을 표시한다. 반대로 인가 전압이 온 상태일 때는 상 천이(相 遷移)됨에 따라, 디퓨저와 편광판을 투과하여 입사된 광을 액정 입자의 축방향으로 투과시키고, 반사막에서 되반사하여 셀의 전면으로 출사되게 하므로 화상을 표시한다.In the liquid crystal display device configured as described above, the liquid crystal material is arranged in parallel with the substrate when the applied voltage is turned off, thereby scattering incident external light to display a milky white screen. On the contrary, when the applied voltage is turned on, as the phase shifts, the incident light transmitted through the diffuser and the polarizing plate is transmitted in the axial direction of the liquid crystal particles, and is reflected back from the reflective film to be emitted to the front of the cell. Display.

그러나 반사형 액정표시소자는 백라이트 광을 이용하는 투과형과 달리 광 이용 효율이 저조하여 휘도와 시인성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제점은 특히 광의 입사 및 출사시 2번 거치게 되는 디퓨저 및 편광판에 의해 광 투과율이 저하되는 것이 그 한 요인이다.However, the reflective liquid crystal display device has a problem of low brightness and visibility due to low light utilization efficiency unlike a transmissive type using backlight light. This problem is one of the factors is that the light transmittance is lowered by the diffuser and the polarizing plate which is subjected to two times during the incident and exit of light.

예를 들어 상기한 편광판은 편광자의 양쪽 표면에 보호막(TAC film)이 형성된 구조로 되어 있고, 이것은 접착제층을 개재하여 액정 셀의 상면에 부착되는 것이다. 또, 상기한 디퓨저는 접착제층을 개재하여 편광판의 상면에 부착되는 보호막과 실리카를 이용하여 그 상면에 형성되는 확산층으로 되어 있다. 따라서 상기한 편광판과 디퓨저에 의한 다층 구조는 광의 투과율을 저하시키고 화상의 휘도 및 시인성을 떨어뜨리게 되는 것이다.For example, the polarizing plate has a structure in which a protective film (TAC film) is formed on both surfaces of the polarizer, which is attached to the upper surface of the liquid crystal cell via an adhesive layer. The diffuser is a diffusion layer formed on the upper surface by using a protective film and silica attached to the upper surface of the polarizing plate via the adhesive layer. Therefore, the multilayer structure by the polarizing plate and the diffuser is to lower the transmittance of light and to lower the brightness and visibility of the image.

여기서 디퓨저는 액정 셀의 내부에 형성되는 반사막을 평면으로 형성한 경우에 필수적으로 부가되는 것으로, 반사막에 요철을 형성하는 공정이 기술적으로 난해하고 배향막의 특성에 나쁜 영향을 주게 되므로 통상적으로 사용되고 있다.The diffuser is essentially added when the reflective film formed inside the liquid crystal cell is formed in a planar shape, and the process of forming irregularities on the reflective film is technically difficult and adversely affects the characteristics of the alignment film.

상술한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명은 디퓨저 및 편광판의 다층 구조를 개선하여 외부에서 입사되고 반사되어 다시 출사되는 광을 효과적으로 이용할 수 있도록 한 것이고, 그에 따라 화상의 휘도 및 시인성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 반사형 액정표시소자를 제공함에 그 목적을 두고 있다.In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention is to improve the multilayer structure of the diffuser and the polarizing plate to effectively use the light incident from the outside, reflected and re-emitted, and thus the brightness and visibility of the image It is an object of the present invention to provide a reflective liquid crystal display device capable of improving.

이에 따라 본 발명은 상·하의 보호막으로 커버된 편광자를 접착제층을 개재하여 통상의 액정 셀 상면에 부착하고, 상기 상부 보호막의 상면에 실리카를 이용하여 확산층을 형성하여 얻어진 구성을 제안한다.Accordingly, the present invention proposes a constitution obtained by attaching a polarizer covered with an upper and lower protective film to a normal liquid crystal cell upper surface via an adhesive layer, and forming a diffusion layer using silica on the upper surface of the upper protective film.

상기한 구성과 같이 본 발명은 편광자의 상부 보호막에 확산층을 직접 형성하여 얻어지는 것이므로 종래의 다층 구조에서 불필요한 2층 구조를 제거할 수 있다. 따라서 광 투과율은 입사 및 반사시 투과하여야 되는 4층이 감소되므로 이용 효율이 향상되고, 그에 따라 화상의 휘도 및 시인성이 증대되는 것이다.As described above, the present invention is obtained by directly forming the diffusion layer on the upper protective film of the polarizer, so that the unnecessary two-layer structure can be removed from the conventional multilayer structure. Therefore, since the light transmittance is reduced by four layers to be transmitted at the time of incidence and reflection, the utilization efficiency is improved, thereby increasing the brightness and visibility of the image.

도 1은 본 발명에 관련된 반사형 액정표시소자의 전체 구성을 보인 정면도.1 is a front view showing the overall configuration of a reflective liquid crystal display device related to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

2-액정 셀 4-편광판2-liquid crystal cell 4-polarizer

6-확산층 8-접착제층6-diffusion layer 8-adhesive layer

42-편광자 44,46-보호막42-polarizer 44,46-shield

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 관련된 반사형 액정표시소자의 구성을 개념적으로 나타내고 있다. 도면에서 액정 셀(2)의 상면에는 편광판(4)과 확산층(6)이 순차 적층된 구성으로 되어 있다.1 conceptually shows a configuration of a reflective liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. In the drawing, the upper surface of the liquid crystal cell 2 has a configuration in which the polarizing plate 4 and the diffusion layer 6 are sequentially stacked.

액정 셀(2)은 하부 기판의 상면에 전극 패턴과 박막 트랜지스터와 같은 스위칭수단이 부가되고, 다시 그 상면에 절연층과 반사막이 적층된 것이며, 상부 기판의 하면에는 칼라 필터와 투명 전극이 적층된 TFT의 구성으로 될 수 있다. 또 상기 액정 셀(2)은 TN, STN의 구성으로 될 수도 있다.The liquid crystal cell 2 includes an electrode pattern and a switching means such as a thin film transistor on an upper surface of the lower substrate, and an insulating layer and a reflective film on the upper surface of the liquid crystal cell 2, and a color filter and a transparent electrode on the lower surface of the upper substrate. It can be a configuration of the TFT. In addition, the liquid crystal cell 2 may have a configuration of TN and STN.

이렇게 구성된 액정 셀(2)의 상면에는 접착제층(8)을 개재하여 편광판(4)이 부착되는데, 그에 앞서 편광판(4)의 상면에는 본 발명의 목적을 실현하기 위한 확산층(6)이 형성되어 진다.The polarizing plate 4 is attached to the upper surface of the liquid crystal cell 2 configured as described above through the adhesive layer 8, and the diffusion layer 6 is formed on the upper surface of the polarizing plate 4 to realize the object of the present invention. Lose.

편광판(4)은 편광자(42)의 양쪽 표면에 한쌍의 보호막(44)(46)이 형성된 구성으로 이루어지는 바, 본 발명은 층 구조의 수를 줄여 외부로부터 입사되고 반사 및 출사되는 광의 이용 효율을 높이기 위해, 편광판(4)의 상부 보호막(44) 표면에 확산층(6)을 직접 형성한 것이다. 확산층(6)은 실리카를 주성분으로 하는 액체 원료를 편광판(4)의 상부 보호막(44)에 도포하고 이를 건조하므로 얻어질 수 있다. 확산층(6)이 형성된 편광판(4)은 통상의 접착제를 이용하여 액정 셀(2)의 상부 기판에 부착되므로 본 발명의 반사형 액정표시소자로 제조된다.The polarizing plate 4 has a configuration in which a pair of protective films 44 and 46 are formed on both surfaces of the polarizer 42. The present invention reduces the number of layer structures to improve the utilization efficiency of light incident from the outside and reflected and emitted. In order to increase, the diffusion layer 6 is directly formed on the surface of the upper protective film 44 of the polarizing plate 4. The diffusion layer 6 can be obtained by applying a liquid raw material mainly composed of silica to the upper protective film 44 of the polarizing plate 4 and drying it. The polarizing plate 4 having the diffusion layer 6 formed thereon is attached to the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell 2 by using a conventional adhesive, and thus is manufactured as the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

한편, 이렇게 구성된 액정표시소자는 액정에 의한 착색(coloration) 현상을 보상하기 위해, 편광판(4)과 액정 셀(2)의 사이에 보상 필름을 부착할 수도 있지만 본 고안의 참고 도면에서는 이를 생략하고 있다.On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device configured as described above may be attached to the compensation film between the polarizing plate 4 and the liquid crystal cell (2) in order to compensate for the phenomenon of coloration due to the liquid crystal, it is omitted in the reference drawings of the present invention have.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 반사형 액정표시소자에 의거하여, 외부로부터의 입사광은 확산층(6)을 투과하고 편광판(4)을 거치면서 일정 방향으로 선별되어, 액정 셀(2)로 입사된다. 이때 본 발명의 구조는 확산층(6)과 편광판(4)의 사이에서 불필요한 2층을 제거한 것이므로, 투과율이 높은 광이 액정 셀(2)을 향하여 입사되게 할 수 있다.Based on the reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention configured as described above, incident light from the outside passes through the diffusion layer 6 and passes through the polarizing plate 4 to be selected in a predetermined direction and enters the liquid crystal cell 2. At this time, since the structure of the present invention removes unnecessary two layers between the diffusion layer 6 and the polarizing plate 4, light having a high transmittance can be incident toward the liquid crystal cell 2.

액정 셀(2)로 입사된 광은 내부 전극으로 인가된 전압이 온 상태일 때, 상 천이(相 遷移)됨에 따라 액정 입자의 축방향으로 투과되고, 셀 내부의 반사막에서 되반사하여 다시 셀의 전면으로 향하게 된다. 이때 반사광은 앞에서 설명한 바와 같이 불필요한 층의 감소로 높을 투과율을 갖고 출사되며, 확산층(6)을 통해 산란되어 휘도와 시인성이 향상된 상태로 화상을 표시한다.The light incident on the liquid crystal cell 2 is transmitted in the axial direction of the liquid crystal particles as the phase transitions when the voltage applied to the internal electrode is turned on, and is reflected back from the reflection film inside the cell to restore the cell. It's headed to the front. In this case, the reflected light is emitted with a high transmittance due to the reduction of unnecessary layers as described above, and is scattered through the diffusion layer 6 to display an image with improved brightness and visibility.

이상에서 설명된 구성 및 작용을 통하여 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 반사형 액정표시소자는 종래 기술의 문제점을 실질적으로 해소하고 있다.As can be seen through the configuration and operation described above, the reflective liquid crystal display device according to the present invention substantially solves the problems of the prior art.

즉, 본 발명은 편광자의 상부 보호막에 확산층을 직접 형성하여 종래의 다층 구조에서 불필요한 2층 구조를 제거하므로, 외부에서 입사되고 반사 및 출사되는 광의 이용 효율을 높일 수 있는 것이며, 그에 따라 화상의 휘도 및 시인성을 향상시킬 수 있는 것이다.That is, the present invention removes unnecessary two-layer structure in the conventional multilayer structure by directly forming a diffusion layer on the upper protective film of the polarizer, thereby increasing the utilization efficiency of the light incident, reflected and emitted from the outside, and thus the brightness of the image. And visibility can be improved.

한편, 본 발명은 상술한 특정의 바람직한 발명에 한정되지 아니하며, 특허 청구의 범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변경 실시가 가능할 것이다.On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred invention, any person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs without departing from the gist of the invention claimed in the claims. It will be possible.

Claims (3)

내부에 반사막이 형성된 통상의 액정 셀과, 접착제층을 개재하여 상기 액정 셀의 상면에 부착되고 편광자의 상·하에 보호막이 커버된 편광판과, 상기 상부 보호막의 상부 표면에 액체 상태의 실리카를 도포하여 건조함으로써 형성된 확산층을 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 반사형 액정표시소자.A liquid crystal cell having a reflective film formed therein, a polarizing plate attached to an upper surface of the liquid crystal cell via an adhesive layer and covered with a protective film on and under the polarizer, and a liquid silica on the upper surface of the upper protective film A reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a diffusion layer formed by drying. 제 1 항에 있어서, 확산층이 형성된 편광판은 STN 액정 셀의 상면에 부착되어 적용된 것임을 특징으로 하는 반사형 액정표시소자.The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing plate on which the diffusion layer is formed is applied to the upper surface of the STN liquid crystal cell. 제 1 항에 있어서, 확산층이 형성된 편광판은 TFT 액정 셀의 상면에 부착되어 적용된 것임을 특징으로 하는 반사형 액정표시소자.The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing plate on which the diffusion layer is formed is applied to the upper surface of the TFT liquid crystal cell.
KR1019980012543A 1998-04-09 1998-04-09 Reflective type LCD KR100291916B1 (en)

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KR101361971B1 (en) 2006-12-29 2014-02-11 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display and Viewing Angle Controlling Method thereof

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KR20030048654A (en) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-25 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device
KR20040073650A (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-08-21 삼성전자주식회사 Liquid crystal display device

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JPH01283504A (en) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-15 Sanritsu Denki Kk Polarizing plate with conductive film and its production
JPH08201802A (en) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-09 Tatsuo Uchida Liquid crystal display element of wide visibility angle reflection type using mirror finished surface reflecting board and forward scattering board

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01283504A (en) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-15 Sanritsu Denki Kk Polarizing plate with conductive film and its production
JPH08201802A (en) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-09 Tatsuo Uchida Liquid crystal display element of wide visibility angle reflection type using mirror finished surface reflecting board and forward scattering board

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101361971B1 (en) 2006-12-29 2014-02-11 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display and Viewing Angle Controlling Method thereof

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