KR100286389B1 - Coated materials for pelleting the small seeds - Google Patents

Coated materials for pelleting the small seeds Download PDF

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KR100286389B1
KR100286389B1 KR1020000038249A KR20000038249A KR100286389B1 KR 100286389 B1 KR100286389 B1 KR 100286389B1 KR 1020000038249 A KR1020000038249 A KR 1020000038249A KR 20000038249 A KR20000038249 A KR 20000038249A KR 100286389 B1 KR100286389 B1 KR 100286389B1
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seed
weight
seeds
granule
coating
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KR1020000038249A
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KR20000058923A (en
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서홍렬
조상균
이을태
최인후
오용비
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김강권
대한민국
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S111/00—Planting
    • Y10S111/905—Seed treating seed planter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S47/00—Plant husbandry
    • Y10S47/09—Physical and chemical treatment of seeds for planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 종자가 작아 기계화가 어려운 소립종자를 기계 파종할 수 있도록 증량시키기 위하여 석고 55∼85중량%와, 질석 5∼15중량%와, 규조토 5∼15중량%와, 연탄재 5∼15중량%가 혼합된 피복재료와, 5∼10% 농도의 아라비아고무 수용액인 접착제로 구성되는 소립종자 과립화 피복제에 관한 것으로,The present invention is 55 to 85% by weight, 5 to 15% by weight of vermiculite, 5 to 15% by weight of diatomaceous earth, 5 to 15% by weight of briquettes in order to increase the size of small seed, which is difficult to be mechanized, so as to increase the mechanical sowing. The present invention relates to a granulated coating material composed of granules comprising a coating material mixed with an adhesive and an adhesive which is an aqueous solution of arabic rubber at a concentration of 5 to 10%.

본 발명에 의해 제조되는 과립종자는, 첫째 과립의 성형이 완전구형에 가깝고 경도가 단단하여 기계파종에 유리하며, 둘째 수분 흡수력과 수분 보유력이 강하고 흡습후에 종자가 발아를 시작하면 과립이 즉시 열개되어 피복물에 의한 발아 장해를 받지 않으므로 발아율이 매우 높고, 셋째 1과립이 1종자를 함유하므로 기계파종시 솎음작업이 용이하고 고도의 생력화가 가능한 장점이 있다.The granulated seed produced by the present invention, the first granule is close to a perfect sphere and the hardness is hard, so that it is advantageous for mechanical sowing, secondly the granules are immediately opened when the water starts to germinate after moisture absorption and water retention is strong The germination rate is very high because the germination is not affected by the coating, and the third granule contains one seed, so it is easy to sew during mechanical sowing and has high viability.

Description

소립종자 과립화 피복제{Coated materials for pelleting the small seeds}Coated materials for pelleting the small seeds}

본 발명은 소립종자 과립화 피복제에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 발아율이 높고 솎음 작업이 용이한 1과립 1종자를 형성하여 종자가 작아서 기계 파종이 용이하지 않은 양파, 참깨, 당근, 상추, 시금치, 담배 등의 소립종자를 기계 파종할 수 있도록 증량시키는 피복제에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a granulated seed granule coating material, and more particularly, to form a single granule 1 seed having a high germination rate and easy to sew, so that the seed is small so that mechanical sowing is not easy, onions, sesame seeds, carrots, lettuce, spinach The present invention relates to a coating material for increasing the amount of small seed such as tobacco and so that it can be mechanically sown.

일반적으로 농가에서 양파를 재배하는 방법은 묘상을 따로 설치하여 육묘를 한 후 묘를 본포에 정식하는 방법인데 정식 작업이 전체 노동력의 34%를 차지하므로 노동력을 절감하기 위한 방안으로써 직파재배를 위한 피복제 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있는데, 국내에서 기 개발된 각종 종자 피복제의 예를 공개된 문헌을 통하여 살펴보면 다음과 같다.In general, growing onions in farmhouses is to install seedlings separately, raise seedlings, and plant the seedlings in the main cloth.The formal work takes up 34% of the total workforce. The cloning development is being actively carried out. Looking at examples of various seed coating agents that have been developed in Korea through the published literature, they are as follows.

먼저, 대한민국 특허공고 제92-9459호에는 전착제, 증량제, 식물호르몬류, 식물영양제, 살균제의 혼합물을 사용한 종자표면 피복기술이 개시되어 있는데, 이와 같이 제조되는 피복종자는 그 피막층이 얇고 단일 재료를 사용할 경우 과립의 성형이 불량하고 경도가 약해 기계파종이 용이하지 않은 문제점이 있었다.First, Korean Patent Publication No. 92-9459 discloses a seed surface coating technology using a mixture of an electrodeposition agent, an extender, plant hormones, a plant nutritional agent, and a fungicide. The coated seeds produced in this way have a thin film and have a single material. When used, there was a problem in that the molding of the granules was poor and the hardness was weak, so that the mechanical seeding was not easy.

대한민국 특허공개 96-33152호에는 유·무기물의 혼합물인 증량제를 종자와 함께 종자과립 제조기에 강제 압송하여 과립을 제조하는 방법이 개시되어 있으나, 이 방법으로 제조되는 종자과립은 1과립에 종자가 0∼5개씩 불규칙하게 들어 있어 1주 1본재식을 기본으로 하는 작물에는 활용하기 어렵고, 또한 과립의 경도가 약하다는 문제점이 있었다.Korean Patent Publication No. 96-33152 discloses a method of manufacturing granules by forcibly conveying an extender, which is a mixture of organic and inorganic substances, with seeds to a seed granulator, but the seed granules produced by this method have 0 seed per granule. There was a problem that it is difficult to utilize in crops based on the main diet of 1 to 5 pieces at irregular intervals, and the hardness of the granules is weak.

또한, 대한민국 특허공개 93-22938호에는 폴리옥스(Polyox)-10, 폴리옥스-750의 접착제를 사용하여 GA3식물호르몬, 점토, 벤토나이트, 탈크, 화산회토, 카올린, 칼슘, 목분 및 골분을 혼합한 피복물질로 구성되는 과립 제조방법이 개시되어 있으나, 이 방법으로 제조되는 과립은 그 표면이 거칠고 성형이 불량해 기계 파종이 용이하지 않았으며 수분흡수시 과립이 열개가 되지 않아 발아일이 늦어지는 등의 문제점이 있었다.In addition, the Republic of Korea Patent Publication 93-22938 discloses a mixture of poly Oaks (Polyox) -10, -750 Poly Ox GA 3 plant hormones by using an adhesive of, clay, bentonite, talc, volcanic soil, kaolin, calcium, bone meal and wood powder A method for producing granules composed of a coating material is disclosed, but granules produced by this method have a rough surface and poor molding so that the seeding of the machine is not easy and the granules do not decompose when absorbing moisture, resulting in late germination. There was a problem.

그리고, 대한민국 특허공개 특 1998-087794호에는 지렁이 분변토, 우분 및 마분 등으로 구성된 유기물과 황토에서 선택된 1종 이상에 카르복시메틸셀룰로오즈 등의 친수성 접착제 수용액을 혼합하여 식물 종자의 표면에 피복하는 방법이 개시되어 있으나, 이 방법은 유기질을 주재료로 하고 파종을 목적으로 하는 것이 아니라 피복종자를 노지에 바로 뿌리거나 공중에서 살포하는 것을 목적으로 하였기 때문에 과립의 경도가 약하여 기계파종시 쉽게 부서지며 종자를 복토할 경우에는 발아율이 저하되는 등의 문제점이 있었다.In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 1998-087794 discloses a method of coating a surface of a plant seed by mixing an organic material consisting of earthworm feces, manure and powder, and a hydrophilic adhesive solution such as carboxymethyl cellulose to at least one selected from ocher. However, this method is mainly organic, and is not intended for sowing, but rather for spraying coated seeds directly into the field or spraying them from the air. In this case, there was a problem that the germination rate is lowered.

이와 같이, 종래의 방법으로 제조된 종자과립은 과립화가 불완전하여 1과립에 무종자 함유비율과 다종자 함유비율이 높고, 경도가 약하며 입모상태가 불균일하여 1주 1본을 기본으로 하는 작물에는 적용이 어려웠기 때문에 이의 개선이 시급하였다.As such, the seed granules prepared by the conventional method are incompletely granulated to have high seed content and multi seed content ratio in one granule, and have a low hardness and uneven hair growth. Because of this difficulty, improvement was urgently needed.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 종자가 작아 기계화가 어려운 소립종자를 기계 파종할 수 있게 하는 과립화 피복제를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a granulated coating material which makes it possible to mechanically seed small particles that are difficult to mechanize.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 종자의 발아율이 높고 발근율 및 착근율이 우수하며, 기계 파종시 정식작업을 생략할 수 있게 하는 소립종자 과립화 피복제를 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a small seed seed granulation coating which has high seed germination rate, excellent rooting rate and rooting rate, and can omit formal work during mechanical sowing.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 솎음 작업이 용이하도록 1과립이 1종자를 함유하게 되는 소립종자 과립화 피복제를 제공하는 것이다.It is still another object of the present invention to provide a granulated seed granulating coating material in which a single granule contains one seed so as to facilitate the grinding operation.

본 발명의 상기 목적들은 석고, 질석, 규조토, 연탄재가 혼합된 피복재료와 접착제인 아라비아 고무 수용액으로 구성되는 소립종자 과립화 피복제를 제공함으로써 달성되는데, 상기 피복제는 과립의 성형이 완전구형에 가깝고 경도가 단단하여 기계파종에 유리하며, 발아율도 매우 높아 양파 종자에 피복하여 직파재배한 결과 생육 및 수량면에서 종래보다 11%나 증수되었다.The above object of the present invention is achieved by providing a granulated coating material composed of gypsum, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, briquette material and a small particle seed granulation coating comprising an aqueous solution of arabic rubber which is an adhesive. Its close and hard hardness is good for mechanical sowing, and the germination rate is also very high, and it is 11% higher than the conventional one in terms of growth and yield when it is coated with onion seeds.

본 발명의 소립종자 과립화 피복제는 양파, 참깨, 당근, 상추, 시금치, 담배 등의 소립종자를 과립화하기 위하여 석고, 질석, 규조토, 연탄재의 혼합물인 피복재료와 아라비아 고무 수용액인 접착제로 구성된다.The granule seed coating agent of the present invention is composed of a coating material which is a mixture of gypsum, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, briquettes, and an adhesive solution of gum arabic rubber for granulating small seed such as onion, sesame, carrot, lettuce, spinach and tobacco. do.

이 때, 상기 피복재료는 석고 55∼85중량%와, 질석 5∼15중량%와, 규조토 5∼15중량%와, 연탄재 5∼15중량%로 구성되고, 접착제는 5∼10% 농도의 아라비아 고무 수용액이며, 가장 바람직하게는 석고 70중량%, 규조토 10중량%, 질석 10중량%, 연탄재 10중량%, 8% 농도의 아라비아 고무 수용액이다.In this case, the coating material is composed of 55 to 85% by weight of gypsum, 5 to 15% by weight of vermiculite, 5 to 15% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 5 to 15% by weight of briquette material. Aqueous rubber solution, most preferably 70% by weight of gypsum, 10% by weight of diatomaceous earth, 10% by weight of vermiculite, 10% by weight of briquettes, and 8% by weight of gum arabic.

본 발명의 실시에서 사용되는 피복 재료들의 특성을 살펴보면, 석고는 과립의 경도를 단단하게 해주며, 질석 및 규조토는 경도는 약하나 흡습도가 높아 수분 흡수를 조장하고 수분 보유능력이 뛰어나 종자의 발아를 촉진시키며, 주변에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 연탄재는 과립이 수분을 흡수하게 되면 갈라지게 하는 특성을 제공한다.Looking at the characteristics of the coating materials used in the practice of the present invention, gypsum hardens the hardness of the granules, vermiculite and diatomaceous earth have a weak hardness but high hygroscopicity to promote moisture absorption and excellent moisture retention ability to germinate seeds. The briquettes, which are readily available in the surroundings, provide properties that cause the granules to crack when they absorb moisture.

따라서, 상기와 같은 고유의 특징을 가진 재료들을 적당한 비율로 혼합하게 되면 상호보완작용으로 상승 효과를 가져오게 되는데, 건조시 너무 단단해지는 단점이 있는 석고에 질석, 규조토 및 연탄재를 첨가함으로써 경도를 조절할 수 있게 되고, 수분 흡수력과 수분 보유 능력이 향상되어 종자의 발아를 촉진시키게 되며, 특히 연탄재의 영향으로 과립이 열개가 잘 되어 발아가 용이하게 되며, 발아 후에는 피복제가 쉽게 부서져 뿌리의 착근을 도와주는 등 종래 과립종자에 있어서 파종 후 초기발아가 불량했던 단점을 극복할 수 있다.Therefore, mixing the materials having the unique characteristics as described above in an appropriate ratio brings a synergistic effect to the complementary action, by controlling the hardness by adding vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and briquettes to the gypsum, which has a disadvantage that becomes too hard during drying It is possible to promote germination of seeds by improving water absorption and water retention ability. Especially, brittle granules are easily opened due to the influence of briquettes, and after germination, coating is easily broken to help root rooting. In the conventional granule seeds, such as giving can overcome the disadvantage that the initial germination after seeding is poor.

또한, 접착제로는 종래에 사용되던 폴리비닐알코올(polyvinyl alcohol; PVA)과 카르복시메틸셀룰로오즈(carboxymethyl cellulose; CMC)가 과립성형이 불량하고 접착력이 약한 문제점이 있었던 바, 이를 해결하기 위하여 다른 접착제에 비해 과립성형이 잘 되고 접착력이 뛰어나 경도가 단단할 뿐 아니라 수용성이어서 과립이 수분을 흡수하면 쉽게 분해가 되며 분말로서 취급이 매우 용이한 아라비아 고무(Arabic gum)를 사용한다.In addition, as an adhesive, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which are conventionally used, have poor granulation and poor adhesive strength. Granules are well formed and excellent in adhesive strength and hardness, and because they are water-soluble, they easily decompose when the granules absorb moisture and use Arabic gum which is very easy to handle as a powder.

본 발명의 과립종자 제조 방법은 일정량의 종자를 회전식 드럼통에 넣고 드럼통을 150∼200rpm으로 회전시키면서 피복재료(증량제)를 첨가하고 동시에 접착제 수용액을 분무하여 종자를 코팅시킨 다음 30∼40℃의 온도에서 2∼3시간 건조시키는 것이나, 종자의 과립화 방법에 특별한 제한을 두는 것은 아니다.In the method for producing granulated seed of the present invention, a certain amount of seeds is placed in a rotary drum, and the drum is rotated at 150 to 200 rpm to add a coating material (extender), and at the same time spraying an aqueous solution of an adhesive to coat the seeds and then at a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C. It is made to dry for 2-3 hours, but it does not put a special restriction | limiting in the granulation method of a seed.

이 때, 과립종자는 원래 크기의 약 3배 두께로 피복하는 것이 발아율 및 경제적인 면에서 유리하다.At this time, it is advantageous in terms of germination rate and economics to coat the granulated seed with a thickness about three times its original size.

이하 본 발명을 실시예를 들어 상세히 설명하고자 하나, 본 발명이 기술된 실시예에 제한되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

실시예 1∼6Examples 1-6

회전식 드럼통에서 파고다이트(Pagodite), 규조토(Diatomaceous Earth), 비석(Zeolite), 활성(Talc), 벤토나이트(Bentonite), 석고(Plum Stone)를 각각 단종의 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Pagodite, Diatomaceous Earth, Zeolite, Talc, Bentonite, and Gypsum Stones are used as coating materials in rotary drums. The onion seeds were coated and then dried to prepare granulated seeds.

파고다이트를 피복재료로 사용한 상기 실시예 1의 경우 과립종자의 표면이 불량하고, 경도가 너무 약하여 쉽게 부서졌기 때문에 기계화가 곤란하였으며 수분 흡수시 열개가 잘 되지 않았고 발아율도 32.7%로 저조했다.In the case of Example 1 using the pagodate as a coating material, the surface of the granule seed was poor, the hardness was so weak that it was easily broken, it was difficult to be mechanized, the dehiscence was poor when absorbing moisture, and the germination rate was low to 32.7%.

규조토, 비석, 활석을 피복재료로 사용한 실시예 2 내지 4의 경우에는 조립종자 표면은 보통이나 경도가 너무 약해 쉽게 부서졌으며 수분 흡수시 열개도 되지 않았다. 특히 비석과 활석의 경우 pH가 너무 높아 피복재료로서 부적합하였으며 발아율도 40% 내외로 저조했다.In Examples 2 to 4 in which diatomaceous earth, zeolite and talc were used as coating materials, the surface of the granulated seed was moderate but the hardness was too weak and easily broken, and did not decompose upon moisture absorption. In particular, the zeolite and talc had too high pH, making it unsuitable as a coating material and the germination rate was low around 40%.

벤토나아트를 사용한 실시예 5의 경우 조립종자 표면은 보통이나 경도가 너무 단단했고 수분흡수시 열개도 되지 않아 발아율이 4.7%로 극히 저조했으며, 석고를 사용한 실시예 6의 경우 조립종자 표면은 매끄러웠으나 경도가 너무 단단하여 발아에 큰 지장을 초래했기 때문에 발아율이 72.7%로 저조했다.In Example 5 using Bentona Art, the surface of the granulated seeds was moderate but the hardness was too hard, and even when the moisture was absorbed, the germination rate was extremely low at 4.7%. In Example 6, the granulated seed surface was smooth. However, the germination rate was low at 72.7% because the hardness was too hard to cause a great problem in germination.

실시예 7∼9Examples 7-9

석고와 규조토, 석고와 질석, 석고와 달마 세라믹(Dalma Ceramic)으로 구성되는 각 2종 혼합물을 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Granular seeds were prepared by coating each of the two mixtures consisting of gypsum and diatomaceous earth, gypsum and vermiculite, gypsum and dalma ceramic as a coating material, and coating onion seeds with an aqueous gum arabic solution as an adhesive.

석고와 규조토를 피복재료로 사용한 실시예 7의 경우 발아율은 91.3%로 좋았으나 표면이 매끄럽지 못하고 경도가 약해 쉽게 부서졌으며, 석고와 질석, 석고와 달마 세라믹을 피복재료로 사용한 실시예 8 및 9의 경우 표면이 매끄럽지 못하고 경도가 너무 단단해 발아율이 각각 67.3%, 69.3%로 저조했다.In the case of Example 7 using gypsum and diatomaceous earth as a coating material, the germination rate was good as 91.3%, but the surface was not smooth and the hardness was weak, so it was easily broken, and Examples 8 and 9 of gypsum and vermiculite, gypsum and dharma ceramics were used as coating materials. In this case, the surface was not smooth and the hardness was too hard, resulting in low germination rates of 67.3% and 69.3%, respectively.

실시예 10Example 10

석고, 규조토 및 연탄재로 구성되는 3종 혼합물을 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Granule seeds were prepared by coating three kinds of mixtures consisting of gypsum, diatomaceous earth and briquettes as a coating material, coating onion seeds with an aqueous gum arabic solution as an adhesive, and then drying them.

상기 실시예 10의 경우 과립종자의 경도가 단단하여 기계화에 적합하였으며 수분 흡수시 열개가 잘 되어 발아율도 88.7%로 비교적 높았으나 표면이 약간 거칠었다.In the case of Example 10, the hardness of the granulated seed was suitable for the mechanization, and when the moisture was absorbed, the decay was good, and the germination rate was relatively high as 88.7%, but the surface was slightly rough.

실시예 11Example 11

석고 70중량%, 질석 10중량%, 규조토 10중량% 및 연탄재 10중량%로 구성되는 혼합물을 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Granule seeds were prepared by coating a mixture of 70% by weight of gypsum, 10% by weight of vermiculite, 10% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 10% by weight of briquettes as a coating material, coating onion seeds with an aqueous arabic rubber solution as an adhesive and then drying.

하기 표 1은 상기 실시예 1 내지 실시예 11의 피복재료에 따른 양파 과립종자의 물리적 특성 및 발아 특성을 비교하여 나타낸 것으로 표면 특성은 달관조사에 의한 것이며, 경도는 과일 경도계로 측정하였다.Table 1 below shows the physical properties and germination characteristics of onion granule seeds according to the coating materials of Examples 1 to 11, and the surface properties were measured by the crown tube, and the hardness was measured by a fruit hardness tester.

재료별 양파 과립종자의 물리성 및 발아특성 비교Comparison of Physical Properties and Germination Characteristics of Onion Granule Seeds by Material 실시예Example 표면surface 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 흡습 후 양상Aspect after moisture absorption 과립 침출물Granule leachate 과립 종자Granulated seeds pHpH EC(mS)EC (mS) 발아율(%)Germination rate (%) 발아세(%)Germination Tax (%) 실시예 1Example 1 불량Bad 0.71±0.060.71 ± 0.06 원형유지Roundness 7.27.2 0.10.1 32.732.7 21.321.3 실시예 2Example 2 보통usually 4.20±0.094.20 ± 0.09 원형유지Roundness 7.67.6 2.92.9 4.74.7 2.02.0 실시예 3Example 3 보통usually 0.29±0.030.29 ± 0.03 원형유지Roundness 6.66.6 0.20.2 40.740.7 24.024.0 실시예 4Example 4 보통usually 0.27±0.030.27 ± 0.03 원형유지Roundness 8.38.3 5.25.2 42.742.7 30.030.0 실시예 5Example 5 보통usually 0.28±0.030.28 ± 0.03 원형유지Roundness 8.48.4 2.32.3 27.327.3 8.08.0 실시예 6Example 6 우수Great 4.28±0.084.28 ± 0.08 원형유지Roundness 6.66.6 2.62.6 72.772.7 62.362.3 실시예 7Example 7 보통usually 0.47±0.060.47 ± 0.06 원형유지Roundness 6.06.0 2.42.4 91.391.3 82.782.7 실시예 8Example 8 보통usually 4.40±0.034.40 ± 0.03 원형유지Roundness 6.76.7 2.52.5 67.367.3 55.255.2 실시예 9Example 9 보통usually 3.83±0.053.83 ± 0.05 원형유지Roundness 6.16.1 2.62.6 69.369.3 60.360.3 실시예 10Example 10 보통usually 3.03±0.043.03 ± 0.04 열 개Ten 6.56.5 2.42.4 88.788.7 86.986.9 실시예 11Example 11 우수Great 1.63±0.021.63 ± 0.02 열 개Ten 6.56.5 2.42.4 93.393.3 93.393.3 일반종자Common seed -- -- -- -- -- 95.395.3 95.395.3

상기 표 1에서 실시예 11의 경우 과립종자의 표면이 매끄럽고 경도가 단단하며 종자 발아시 과립의 열개가 잘되어 발아율이 93.3%로 가장 높음을 알 수 있다.In Table 1, in the case of Example 11, the surface of the granule seed is smooth and the hardness is hard, and the germination rate is well as the germination rate is 93.3%, the highest when the seeds germinate.

실시예 12Example 12

석고 55중량%, 질석 15중량%, 규조토 15중량% 및 연탄재 15중량%로 구성되는 혼합물을 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Granule seeds were prepared by coating a mixture of 55% by weight of gypsum, 15% by weight of vermiculite, 15% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 15% by weight of briquettes as a coating material, coating onion seeds with an aqueous arabic rubber solution as an adhesive and then drying.

실시예 13Example 13

석고 85중량%, 질석 5중량%, 규조토 5중량% 및 연탄재 5중량%로 구성되는 혼합물을 피복재료로 하고 접착제로 아라비아 고무 수용액을 사용하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.Granule seeds were prepared by coating a mixture of 85% by weight of gypsum, 5% by weight of vermiculite, 5% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 5% by weight of briquettes as a coating material, coating onion seeds with an aqueous solution of gum arabic as an adhesive and then drying.

상기 실시예 12 및 13의 피복 재료의 혼합비율에 따른 과립종자의 특성을 살펴보면 실시예 12의 경우 열개성은 우수하나 성형이 보통이고 경도가 0.65㎏으로 약했으며 발아율이 84.2%로 약간 낮았다. 반면, 실시예 13의 경우 성형이 우수하고 경도가 4.0㎏으로 강했고 열개성도 우수했으나 발아율이 82.3%로 저조했다.Looking at the characteristics of the granule seed according to the mixing ratio of the coating material of Examples 12 and 13, in Example 12 was excellent thermal deterioration, but the molding was moderate, the hardness was weak to 0.65kg and the germination rate was slightly low, 84.2%. On the other hand, in Example 13, the molding was excellent, the hardness was strong at 4.0 kg and the thermal deterioration was excellent, but the germination rate was low at 82.3%.

하기 표 2는 상기 실시예 11 내지 13의 피복재료의 혼합비율에 따른 양파 과립종자의 특성을 비교하여 나타낸 것으로 경도, 열개성 및 발아율이 우수한 실시예 11의 혼합비율이 가장 바람직한 것임을 알 수 있다.Table 2 shows a comparison of the characteristics of onion granule seeds according to the mixing ratio of the coating material of Examples 11 to 13, it can be seen that the mixing ratio of Example 11 excellent in hardness, thermal opening and germination rate is the most preferable.

본 발명 피복재료의 혼합비율에 따른 양파 과립종자 특성Onion granule seed characteristics according to the mixing ratio of the coating material of the present invention 실시예Example 표면surface 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 흡습 후 양상Aspect after moisture absorption 과립 침출물Granule leachate 과립 종자Granulated seeds pHpH EC(mS)EC (mS) 발아율(%)Germination rate (%) 발아세(%)Germination Tax (%) 실시예 11Example 11 우수Great 1.63±0.021.63 ± 0.02 열개ten 6.56.5 2.42.4 93.393.3 93.393.3 실시예 12Example 12 보통usually 0.65±0.020.65 ± 0.02 열개ten 6.86.8 3.23.2 84.284.2 80.680.6 실시예 13Example 13 우수Great 4.00±0.024.00 ± 0.02 열개ten 6.36.3 2.22.2 82.382.3 80.180.1

비교예 14∼16Comparative Examples 14-16

동일한 피복재료를 사용하되, 접착제만 폴리비닐알코올, 아라비아 고무, 카르복시메틸셀룰로오즈로 달리하여 양파 종자를 코팅시킨 후 건조시켜 과립종자를 제조하였다.The same coating material was used, except that only the adhesive was coated with onion seeds by polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, carboxymethyl cellulose, and dried to prepare granulated seeds.

하기 표 3은 상기 실시예 14 내지 16의 접착제에 따른 양파 과립종자의 특성을 비교하여 나타낸 것으로 아라비아 고무 수용액(8%)이 기타 수용성 접착제 재료인 폴리비닐알코올(3%)이나 카르복시메틸셀룰로오즈 수용액(1%)에 비해 구형성능이 우수하고 접착능력이 강해 경도가 단단함을 알 수 있다.Table 3 is a comparison of the characteristics of the onion granule seed according to the adhesive of Examples 14 to 16 as the gum arabic solution (8%) and other water-soluble adhesive material polyvinyl alcohol (3%) or carboxymethyl cellulose solution ( Compared to 1%), it has excellent spherical formability and strong adhesion ability.

접착제 종류별 양파 과립의 구형성능 및 접착능력 비교Comparison of Spherical Formability and Adhesion Capacity of Onion Granules by Adhesive Type 피복재료Cover material 접착제glue 실시예 14PVA(3%)Example 14 PVA (3%) 실시예 15Arabic gum(8%)Example 15 Arabic gum (8%) 실시예 16CMC(1%)Example 16 CMC (1%) 구형성능Spherical ability 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 구형성능Spherical ability 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 구형성능Spherical ability 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 지르코늄 실리카겔Zirconium Silica Gel ++ 0.25±0.030.25 ± 0.03 ++ 0.28±0.050.28 ± 0.05 ++ 0.23±0.030.23 ± 0.03 파고다이트Pagodate ++ 0.61±0.040.61 ± 0.04 ++ 0.71±0.060.71 ± 0.06 ++ 0.68±0.050.68 ± 0.05 벤토나이트Bentonite -- 4.01±0.064.01 ± 0.06 -- 4.20±0.094.20 ± 0.09 -- 4.00±0.894.00 ± 0.89 규조토Diatomaceous earth ++ 0.25±0.030.25 ± 0.03 ++++ 0.29±0.030.29 ± 0.03 ++ 0.25±0.030.25 ± 0.03 비석zeolite ++ 0.23±0.030.23 ± 0.03 ++ 0.27±0.050.27 ± 0.05 ++ 0.25±0.020.25 ± 0.02 고령토(Kaoline)Kaolin ++ 0.24±0.030.24 ± 0.03 ++++ 0.28±0.040.28 ± 0.04 ++ 0.24±0.030.24 ± 0.03 방해석(Calcite)Calcite ++ 0.35±0.040.35 ± 0.04 ++++ 0.47±0.080.47 ± 0.08 ++ 0.41±0.040.41 ± 0.04 석고+질석+규조토+연탄재Gypsum + Vermiculite + Diatomite + Briquettes ++ 4.10±0.104.10 ± 0.10 ++++ 4.40±0.084.40 ± 0.08 -- 4.00±0.094.00 ± 0.09 일본상용제품Japanese commercial products 경도 : 1.30±0.03Hardness: 1.30 ± 0.03

하기 표 4 및 5는 활성탄이 주재료인 종래 피복제와 실시예 11의 피복제로 제조된 양파 과립종자의 생육, 수량 및 과립내 양파 종자수 함유 비율을 비교하여 나타낸 것이다.Tables 4 and 5 show the growth, yield and intra-grain onion seed number ratio of the conventional granules of activated carbon as the main material and the onion granule seeds prepared by the coating agent of Example 11.

양파 과립종자의 생육 및 수량 비교Growth and Yield Comparison of Onion Granule Seeds 구분division 발아율(%)Germination rate (%) 초장(㎝)Extra long (cm) 엽초경(㎜)Vinegar (mm) 분구율(%)Division rate (%) 추대율(%)% Of attraction 구중(g)Weight (g) 수량(㎏/10a)Quantity (kg / 10a) 본 발명피복제The present invention 93.393.3 88.688.6 25.025.0 5.05.0 6.06.0 265265 4,3604,360 종래피복제Conventional coating 78.378.3 75.075.0 20.020.0 24.524.5 11.811.8 229229 2,0602,060

과립내 양파 종자수 함유 비율Percentage of Onion Seeds in Granules 구 분division 종자수 (개/과립)Seed Number (Dog / Granules) 00 1One 22 33 44 55 5이상5 or more 본 발명피복제The present invention 00 100100 00 00 00 00 00 종래피복제Conventional coating 6.76.7 24.324.3 27.327.3 25.325.3 11.711.7 4.74.7 00

상기 표 4 및 5에서 알 수 있듯이 종래 방법으로 제조된 양파 과립종자의 경우 1과립당 무종자 함유율이 6.7%, 2∼5립 함유율이 69.0%이어서 다주출현으로 인한 솎음노력이 많이 소요되고 경도가 너무 약해 기계 파종이 용이하지 않은 반면 본 발명에 의한 과립종자는 발아율이 높고 분구율 및 추대율이 낮으며 구중이 무거웠으며 경도가 단단해 기계 파종이 용이하다.As can be seen in Tables 4 and 5, the onion granule seed prepared by the conventional method contained 6.7% seedless content per granule, and the content of 2-5 grains was 69.0%. Too weak, so that the mechanical seeding is not easy, while the granulated seed according to the present invention has a high germination rate, low fractionation and extraction ratio, heavy weight, hard hardness and easy machine sowing.

하기 표 6은 본 발명에 의한 양파 과립 종자를 기계 파종후 직파 재배하였을 때와 일반 양파 종자를 육묘 후 묘를 본포에 정식하는 관행 재배하였을 때의 생육 및 수량을 비교한 것으로 생육은 서로 비슷하였으나, 과립종자 직파 재배시의 추대율과 이병율이 일반종자 관행 재배시보다 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 과립종자 직파 재배시의 상품수량이 일반종자 관행 재배시의 6,450㎏/10a보다 11% 증수된 것으로 나타났다.The following Table 6 compares the growth and yield of onion granule seed according to the present invention when grown directly after planting and when conventional onion seeding is practiced when planting seedlings in the main cell. In the direct seed cultivation of granulated seed, the extraction rate and morbidity were lower than that in the conventional seed cultivation.

양파 과립종자 직파재배시와 일반종자 관행재배시의 생육 및 수량 비교Growth and Yield Comparison of Onion Granulated Seeds in Straight and Normal Seeds 구분division 초장(草長)(㎝)Super long (cm) 엽초경(葉草莖)(㎝)Vinegar (㎝) 분구율(分球率)(㎝)Division rate (㎝) 추대율(抽苔率)(㎝)Extraction rate (抽苔 率) 이병율(罹病率)(㎝)Morbidity rate (㎝) 구중(球重)(g)Weight (g) 수량(㎏/10a)Quantity (kg / 10a) 상품수량Quantity of goods 지수Indices 과립종자직파재배Granulated seed cultivation 8383 2.542.54 4.94.9 4.94.9 7.27.2 301301 7,2347,234 111111 일반종자관행재배General Seed Practice 8585 2.562.56 1.01.0 20.620.6 10.610.6 307307 6,5406,540 100100

또한, 하기 표 7에 나타난 바와 같이 과립종자 직파 재배시에는 일반종자 관행 재배시에 필수적인 정식 작업이 생략되어 90%의 노력 절감 효과가 있었다.In addition, as shown in Table 7 when the direct seed cultivation of granule seed was omitted the formal work essential for conventional cultivation practices, there was a 90% effort savings.

본 발명 과립종자의 기계파종시 노력절감 효과Effort-saving effect during mechanical sowing of granulated seeds 구분division 파종(시간/10a)Sowing (time / 10a) 정식(시간/10a)Set meal (hour / 10a) 계(시간/10a)Total time (hour / 10a) 지수Indices 과립종자직파재배Granulated seed cultivation 6.16.1 00 6.16.1 1010 일반종자관행재배General Seed Practice 8.68.6 50.250.2 58.858.8 100100

본 발명에 의해 제조되는 과립종자는, 첫째 과립의 성형이 완전구형에 가깝고 경도가 단단하여 기계파종에 유리하며, 둘째 수분 흡수력과 수분 보유력이 강하고 흡습후에 종자가 발아를 시작하면 과립이 즉시 열개되어 피복물에 의한 발아 장해를 받지 않으므로 발아율이 매우 높고, 셋째 1과립이 1종자를 함유하므로 기계파종시 솎음작업이 용이하고 고도의 생력화가 가능한 장점이 있다.The granulated seed produced by the present invention, the first granule is close to a perfect sphere and the hardness is hard, so that it is advantageous for mechanical sowing, secondly the granules are immediately opened when the water starts to germinate after moisture absorption and water retention is strong The germination rate is very high because the germination is not affected by the coating, and the third granule contains one seed, so it is easy to sew during mechanical sowing and has high viability.

또한, 본 발명에 의한 양파 과립종자를 본포에 기계 파종시 정식작업의 생략으로 90%의 노동력을 절감할 수 있고 일반종자를 포장에 직접 파종할 경우보다 발아율이 높고 종자가 낭비되지 않는다.In addition, the onion granule seed according to the present invention can reduce the labor of 90% by omitting the formal work when sowing the machine on the main fabric, and the germination rate is higher than when seeding the general seed directly on the packaging and the seed is not wasted.

그리고, 본 발명 피복제는 종자가 작아 기계화가 곤란한 모든 소립종자(참깨, 배추, 무, 상추, 당근, 시금치, 기타 종자작물)에 적용이 가능하므로 본 발명으로 고가종자 및 우량품종을 과립화하여 대량 보급하면 정밀 파종기를 이용한 대규모 기계파종 재배가 가능하여 농가 소득을 크게 증대시킬 수 있다.In addition, the coating agent of the present invention can be applied to all small seed seeds (sesame, Chinese cabbage, radish, lettuce, carrots, spinach, other seed crops), which are difficult to mechanize, so that the high seed and the superior varieties are granulated according to the present invention. If large-scale dissemination is possible, large-scale mechanical sowing cultivation using precision planters can greatly increase farm income.

Claims (2)

석고 55∼85중량%와, 질석 5∼15중량%와, 규조토 5∼15중량%와, 연탄재 5∼15중량%가 혼합된 피복재료와, 5∼10% 농도의 아라비아고무 수용액인 접착제로 구성되는, 소립종자 과립화 피복제.Composed of 55 to 85% by weight of gypsum, 5 to 15% by weight of vermiculite, 5 to 15% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 5 to 15% by weight of briquettes, and an adhesive which is an aqueous solution of Arabian rubber at a concentration of 5 to 10%. Made, small seed granulation coating. 제1항에 있어서, 석고 70중량%, 질석 10중량%, 규조토 10중량%, 연탄재 10중량%, 8% 농도의 아라비아고무 수용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 소립종자 과립화 피복제.The granular coating material according to claim 1, which is an aqueous arabic rubber solution at a concentration of 70% by weight of gypsum, 10% by weight of vermiculite, 10% by weight of diatomaceous earth, 10% by weight of briquettes and 8%.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100408607B1 (en) * 2001-08-16 2003-12-18 최영환 Coating seed and it's manufacture method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100408607B1 (en) * 2001-08-16 2003-12-18 최영환 Coating seed and it's manufacture method

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