KR100239477B1 - Heating and cooling cycle of air conditioner - Google Patents

Heating and cooling cycle of air conditioner Download PDF

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KR100239477B1
KR100239477B1 KR1019970063365A KR19970063365A KR100239477B1 KR 100239477 B1 KR100239477 B1 KR 100239477B1 KR 1019970063365 A KR1019970063365 A KR 1019970063365A KR 19970063365 A KR19970063365 A KR 19970063365A KR 100239477 B1 KR100239477 B1 KR 100239477B1
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South Korea
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heat exchanger
cycle
room
compressor
heating
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KR1019970063365A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19990042523A (en
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김기대
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구자홍
엘지전자주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0401—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2521—On-off valves controlled by pulse signals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 냉,난방 겸용으로 사용되는 멀티 공기조화기에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 2개의 압축기로 3실을 냉,난방하도록 사이클(Cycle)을 구성하고 상기 2개의 사이클을 분리하여 한 사이클은 냉방으로 또하나의 사이클은 난방으로 운전하는 이질운전이 가능하게 하며, 실외측 열교환기의 제상이 원활하게 이루어질 수 있게 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a multi-air conditioner used for both cooling and heating, and more specifically, to configure a cycle (Cycle) to cool and heat three rooms with two compressors, and the two cycles are separated and one cycle is cooled Another cycle is to enable heterogeneous operation to operate by heating, smooth defrost of the outdoor heat exchanger.

본 발명은 제1압축기(11a)에 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)를 통해 연결된 실외측 열교환기의 출구측에 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 각실용 전자밸브(15a)(15b) 및 2개의 실내기(16a)(16b)를 연결하여 하나의 사이클을 구성하고 제2압축기(11b)에 냉난방 절환밸브(12b)와 실외측 열교환기와 캐피러리(14d) 및 제3실내기(16c)를 연결하여 다른 하나의 사이클을 구성하며, 상기 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 전자밸브(15a)(15b)사이에 각실을 연결하는 보조 캐피러리(14c)를 설치하고 상기 실외측 열교환기의 출구와 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)사이에서 분지된 배관상에는 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)와 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 설치함과 함께 그 배관이 실외측 열교환기를 경유하여 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)의 전단에 연결되도록 한 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클이다.The present invention is a capillary 14a (14b) for each room and the solenoid valves (15a) and (b) for each room at the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger connected to the first compressor (11a) through the air-conditioning switching valve (12a). Two indoor units (16a) and (16b) are connected to each other to form a cycle, and the second compressor (11b) is connected to the air-conditioning switching valve (12b), the outdoor heat exchanger (14d), and the third (16c) Another cycle is provided, and an auxiliary capacitor 14c connecting each chamber is installed between the respective chamber capacities 14a and 14b and the solenoid valves 15a and 15b, and the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is installed. On the pipe branched between the chamber and each of the chambers 14a and 14b, a bypass solenoid valve 15c and a bypass capillary 14e are installed, and the piping is switched to air conditioning via the outdoor heat exchanger. It is a cooling and heating cycle of the multi air conditioner connected to the front end of the valve 12a.

Description

멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클Cooling and heating cycle of multi air conditioner

본 발명은 냉,난방 겸용으로 사용되는 멀티 공기조화기에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 2개의 압축기로 3실을 냉,난방하도록 사이클(Cycle)을 구성하고 상기 2개의 사이클을 분리하여 한 사이클은 냉방으로 또하나의 사이클은 난방으로 운전하는 이질운전이 가능하게 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a multi-air conditioner used for both cooling and heating, and more specifically, to configure a cycle (Cycle) to cool and heat three rooms with two compressors, and the two cycles are separated and one cycle is cooled Another cycle is to enable heterogeneous operation with heating.

종래의 냉,난방 겸용 멀티 공기조화기는 도 1과 같이 하나의 압축기(1)와, 상기 압축기에서 압축된 냉매의 흐름방향을 전환시키고 사이클을 순환한 냉매를 다시 압축기로 귀환시키는 냉난방 전환밸브(2)와, 상기 냉난방 전환밸브에 연결된 실외측 열교환기(3)와, 상기 실외측 열교환기기에 연결된 3개의 각실용 캐피러리(Capilary)(4a)(4b)(4c)와, 상기 각 캐피러리에 연결된 3개의 각실용 전자밸브(5a)(5b)(5c)와, 상기 각 전자밸브와 냉난방 절환밸브 사이에 연결된 3개의 각실용실내기(6a)(6b)(6c)와, 상기 실외측 열교환기와 각실용 전자밸브 사이에 연결된 보조 캐피러리(4d) 및 바이패스용 전자밸브(5d)와, 상기 바이패스용 전자밸브와 압축기 사이에 연결된 바이패스용 캐피러리(4e)와, 상기 압축기로 귀환되는 냉매중에 포함된 액체성분을 걸러주는 액분리기(7)와, 상기 보조 캐피러리의 일측에 설치되어 냉매가 일방향(화살표 방향)으로만 흐르게 하여주는 역지변(8)과, 상기 실외측 열교환기의 일측에 설치된 실외팬(9)으로 구성되어 있다.The conventional air-conditioning combined multi-air conditioner has a single compressor (1) as shown in FIG. 1, and a heating / cooling switching valve (2) for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor and returning the refrigerant circulated through the cycle back to the compressor (2). ), An outdoor heat exchanger (3) connected to the air-conditioning switching valve, three capillaries (4a) (4b) (4c) connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, and each of the capillaries. Three chamber chamber solenoid valves 5a, 5b, 5c connected to each chamber, three chamber chambers 6a, 6b, 6c connected between the solenoid valves and the air conditioning switch, and the outdoor heat exchanger. The auxiliary capacitor 4d and the bypass solenoid valve 5d connected between the solenoid valves for each room, the bypass capacitor 4e connected between the bypass solenoid valve and the compressor, and the compressor are returned to the compressor. Liquid separator (7) for filtering the liquid component contained in the refrigerant, and Is installed on one side of the auxiliary capillary is composed of an outdoor fan (9) is installed on one side of the exchanger the refrigerant is in one direction (arrow direction) reverse to disasters to flow only 8 and the outdoor heat exchanger.

따라서, 3실의 냉방운전시에는 각실용 전자밸브(5a)(5b)(5c)가 모두 온(ON)되어 압축기(1)에서 압축된 고온 고압의 냉매가 실외측 열교환기(3)를 지나면서 열교환을 하게되고 열교환을 이룬 냉매는 각실용 캐피러리(4a)(4b)(4c)와 전자밸브(5a)(5b)(5c) 및 각실용 실내기(6a)(6b)(6c)를 거치면서 실내를 냉방시킨 후 냉난방 절환밸브(2)와 액분리기(7)를 통해 압축기(1)로 다시 돌아온다.Therefore, during the cooling operation of the three chambers, the solenoid valves 5a, 5b, and 5c for each chamber are all turned on, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The heat exchanged and the heat exchanged refrigerant passes through each chamber capacities 4a, 4b, 4c, solenoid valves 5a, 5b, 5c, and indoor units 6a, 6b, 6c. After cooling the room while returning to the compressor (1) through the air-conditioning switching valve (2) and the liquid separator (7).

또한 2실 냉방운전시에는 운전되는 실내기에 해당되는 전자밸브만 온되므로 원하는 방만 냉방을 할 수 있게된다.In addition, in the two-room cooling operation, only the solenoid valve corresponding to the indoor unit to be operated is turned on, so that only the desired room can be cooled.

그리고 1실 냉방운전시에는 운전되는 실내기에 해당하는 하나의 전자밸브와 바이패스용 전자밸브(5d)가 동시에 온되어 실내기로 유입되는 냉매의 양을 조절하게 되고 여분의 냉매를 바이패스용 캐피러리(4e)를 통해 액분리기(7)로 유입시키게 되며,이때 실외팬(9)은 저속으로 운전된다.In the one-room cooling operation, one solenoid valve corresponding to the indoor unit being operated and the bypass solenoid valve 5d are turned on at the same time to control the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit, and the excess refrigerant is transferred to the bypass capacitor. It is introduced into the liquid separator 7 through 4e, at which time the outdoor fan 9 is operated at a low speed.

한편, 실내의 난방시에는 냉방시의 사이클과는 반대의 사이클로 냉매가 유동하여 각실의 난방이 이루어지며, 이때에는 냉방시와는 달리 각실용 전자밸브(5a)(5b)(5c)가 모두 온 상태로 되어있다.On the other hand, during the heating of the room, the refrigerant flows in a cycle opposite to that of the cooling, and the heating of each chamber is performed.In this case, unlike the cooling, the solenoid valves 5a, 5b, and 5c for each chamber are turned on. It is in a state.

그러나 상기와 같은 종래의 멀티에어컨은 하나의 압축기에 의해 1실운전이나 2실운전 또는 3실운전을 하는 구조이어서 예를들어 1실은 냉방으로 나머지 실은 난방으로 운전하는 이질운전이 불가능하고, 1실이나 2실운전시 에너지 소비효율이 낮아지게 된다.However, the conventional multi-air conditioner has a structure in which one chamber, two chambers or three chambers are operated by one compressor. For example, one room is cooled and the other chambers are heated by heating. However, when two rooms are operated, the energy consumption efficiency is lowered.

또한 실외측 열교환기(3)의 하단부가 베이스팬(Base Pan)에 막혀 난방운전시 열교환이 잘 이루어지지 않고 이에따라 하단부가 타부위에 비해 결빙이 많게 되는 반면, 제상시 고온의 냉매가 실외측 열교환기의 상측으로 부터 유입되어 하단으로 흐르게 됨에따라 하단부를 흐르는 냉매의 온도는 낮아지게 되므로 실외측 열교환기의 하단부는 제상이 잘 되지않고 제상시간도 오래 걸리는 문제가 있다.In addition, since the lower end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is blocked by the base pan, the heat exchange is not performed well during the heating operation, and thus the lower end has more freezing than other parts, whereas the refrigerant having a high temperature when defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger Since the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the lower portion is lowered as it flows from the upper side of the air to the lower side, there is a problem that the lower end of the outdoor heat exchanger does not defrost well and takes a long time for defrosting.

본 발명의 목적은 1실은 냉방사이클로 다른 2실은 난방사이클로, 또는 1실은 난방사이클로 다른 2실은 냉방사이클로 운전하는 것이 가능하고 실외측 열교환기의 제상도 잘 이루어지는 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방사이클을 제공하기 위한 것이다.An object of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating cycle of a multi-air conditioner, which is capable of operating one room as a cooling cycle and another room as a heating cycle, or one room as a heating cycle, and the other two rooms as a cooling cycle, and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger. It is to.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제1압축기에 냉난방 절환밸브를 통해 연결된 실외측 열교환기의 출구측에 각실용 캐피러리와 각실용 전자밸브 및 2개의 실내기를 연결하여 하나의 사이클을 구성하고 제2압축기에 냉난방 절환밸브와 실외측 열교환기와 캐피러리 및 제3실내기를 연결하여 다른 하나의 사이클을 구성하며, 상기 각실용 캐피러리와 전자밸브사이에 각실을 연결하는 보조 캐피러리를 설치하고 상기 실외측 열교환기의 출구와 각실용 캐피러리사이에서 분지된 배관상에는 바이패스용 전자밸브와 바이패스용 캐피러리를 설치함과 함께 그 배관이 실외측 열교환기를 경유하여 냉난방 절환밸브의 전단에 연결되도록 한 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클이 제공된다.In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object by connecting the capillary for each room and the solenoid valve for each room and two indoor units on the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger connected to the first compressor through a heating and cooling switching valve one And a second cap, which connects the air-conditioning switching valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the capillary, and the third chamber to the second compressor, and configures another cycle, and the auxiliary capacities connecting the chambers between the chamber capacitors and the solenoid valves. A bypass valve and a bypass capillary are installed on the pipe branched between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger and the capillary for each room, and the pipe is connected to the air-conditioning valve via the outdoor heat exchanger. Cooling and heating cycles of multiple air conditioners are provided.

도 1은 종래 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클을 나타낸 구성도1 is a configuration diagram showing a cooling and heating cycle of a conventional multi air conditioner

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클을 나타낸 구성도Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a cooling, heating cycle of the multi-air conditioner according to the present invention

도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

11a,11b:압축기 13:실외측 열교환기11a, 11b: compressor 13: outdoor heat exchanger

14a,14b,14d:각실용 캐피러리 14c:보조 캐피러리14a, 14b, 14d: Capillary for each room 14c: Secondary capillary

14e:바이패스용 캐피러리 15c:바이패스용 전자밸브14e: Bypass Capital 15c: Bypass Solenoid Valve

16a,16b,16c:실내기16a, 16b, 16c: indoors

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 멀티에어컨의 냉,난방사이클을 나타낸 구성도로서, 본 발명에는 2개의 압축기(11a)(11b)가 사용되고 상기 2개의 압축기에 의해 사이클이 2개로 별도 분리되어 있다.2 is a configuration diagram showing a cooling and heating cycle of a multi-air conditioner according to the present invention. In the present invention, two compressors 11a and 11b are used and two cycles are separated by the two compressors.

실외측 열교환기(13)는 하나로 되어있으나 내부 회로는 2개로 분리되어 있으며, 실외팬(19)은 하나로 각 사이클을 동시에 관여하도록 되어있다.The outdoor heat exchanger 13 is one, but the internal circuit is separated into two, the outdoor fan 19 is to engage each cycle at the same time as one.

따라서 사이클 하나는 냉방으로 다른 하나는 난방으로 사용이 가능하며, 실외팬(19)은 냉,난방에 관계없이 운전된다.Therefore, one cycle can be used for cooling and the other for heating, and the outdoor fan 19 is operated regardless of cooling or heating.

상기 2개의 압축기중 제2압축기(11b)에는 배관에 의해 냉난방 전환밸브(12b)가 연결되고 실외측 열교환기(13)의 제1내부회로와 캐피러리(14d)를 통해 제3실내기(16c)가 연결되며, 냉매가 냉난방 전환밸브(12b)를 통해 다시 제2압축기(11b)로 귀환되는 독립된 사이클을 이룬다.A cooling / heating switching valve 12b is connected to the second compressor 11b of the two compressors by a pipe, and the third indoor unit 16c is connected to the first internal circuit and the capacitor 14d of the outdoor heat exchanger 13. Is connected to form an independent cycle in which the refrigerant is returned back to the second compressor (11b) through the air-conditioning switching valve (12b).

상기 제1압축기(11a)에는 냉난방 전환밸브(12a)와 실외측 열교환기(13)의 제2내부회로가 연결되고 상기 제2내부회로의 출구에는 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 전자밸브(15a)(15b) 및 2개의 실내기(16a)(16b)가 각각 병렬로 연결되며, 상기 각 실내기의 배관은 서로 합쳐져 다시 냉난방 전환밸브(12a)에 연결된다.The first compressor 11a is connected to a cooling / heating switching valve 12a and a second internal circuit of the outdoor side heat exchanger 13, and the respective interior capillaries 14a and 14b are connected to the outlet of the second internal circuit. The valves 15a and 15b and the two indoor units 16a and 16b are connected in parallel, respectively, and the pipes of the respective indoor units are combined with each other and connected to the heating / cooling switching valve 12a.

상기 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 전자밸브(15a)(15b) 사이에는 각실을 연결하는 보조 캐피러리(14c)가 설치되어 있다.An auxiliary capacitor 14c for connecting each chamber is provided between the respective chamber capacities 14a and 14b and the solenoid valves 15a and 15b.

또한 상기 실외측 열교환기(13)의 출구와 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b) 사이에서 분지되어 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)와 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)가 설치되어 있고 상기 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 지난 배관은 실외측 열교환기(13)의 최하단을 경유하여 냉난방 전환밸브(12a)의 전단으로 연결되어 있다.In addition, a branch is provided between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and each chamber capillary 14a, 14b, and a bypass solenoid valve 15c and a bypass capillary 14e are provided. The pipe passing through the fore-capillary 14e is connected to the front end of the air-conditioning switching valve 12a via the lowermost end of the outdoor heat exchanger 13.

상기와 같이 된 본 발명의 냉난방 작동을 설명한다.It demonstrates the heating and cooling operation of the present invention as described above.

먼저 본 발명은 2개의 압축기에 의해 독립된 2개의 사이클을 형성하고 있으므로 그중 하나의 사이클을 냉방으로 다른 하나의 사이클을 난방으로 사용하는 이질운전이 가능하고, 2개의 사이클을 모두 냉방이나 난방으로 운전할 수도 있다.First, since the present invention forms two independent cycles by two compressors, heterogeneous operation using one cycle as cooling and the other cycle as heating is possible, and both cycles may be operated as cooling or heating. have.

또한 상기 제2압축기(11b)에는 제3실내기(16c)가 단독으로 연결되어 하나의 방만 냉난방하는 기존의 사이클과 같으므로 이에대한 설명은 생략하고 제1압축기(11a)에 연결된 사이클에 대하여 설명한다.In addition, since the third chamber 16c is connected to the second compressor 11b alone and is the same as a conventional cycle of cooling and heating only one room, a description thereof will be omitted and a cycle connected to the first compressor 11a will be described. .

상기 2개의 방에 설치된 제1실내기(16a)와 제2실내기(16b)를 함께 냉방용 으로 운전할 때에는 각실용 전자밸브(15a)(15b)가 모두 개방되고 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)는 폐쇄된 상태로 되는데, 이때에는 제1압축기(11a)에서 압축된 냉매가 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)와 실외측 열교환기(13) 및 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)를 거쳐 제1실내기(16a)와 제2실내기(16b)로 순환된 후 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)를 통해 압축기(11a)로 귀환된다.When the first chamber 16a and the second chamber 16b installed in the two rooms are operated together for cooling, both chamber solenoid valves 15a and 15b are opened and the bypass solenoid valve 15c is closed. In this case, the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor (11a) is passed through the air-conditioning switching valve (12a), the outdoor side heat exchanger (13), and each room capillary (14a) (14b), the first chamber (16a). ) And the second chamber (16b) is returned to the compressor (11a) through the air-conditioning switching valve (12a).

또한 2개의 방을 함께 난방운전할 때에는 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)에 의해 냉매의 흐름을 냉방시의 역순으로 반전시켜 난방을 하게된다.In addition, when heating two rooms together, heating is performed by reversing the flow of the refrigerant in the reverse order of cooling by the air-conditioning switching valve 12a.

한편 2개의 방중 하나의 방만 냉방운전 할 때, 예를들어 제1실내기(16a)만 냉방운전 할 때에는 각실용 전자밸브(15a)(15b)중 전자밸브(15a)만 개방되고 다른 하나의 전자밸브(15b)는 폐쇄되어 있게되며, 냉매는 실외측 열교환기(13)와 캐피러리(14a) 및 제1실내기(16a)를 경유한 후 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)를 통해 압축기(11a)로 귀환된다.On the other hand, when only one of the two rooms is cooled and operated, for example, when only the first chamber 16a is cooled, only the solenoid valve 15a of each chamber solenoid valve 15a, 15b is opened and the other solenoid valve is opened. 15b is closed, and the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 11a through the air-conditioning switching valve 12a after passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the capacitor 14a, and the first chamber 16a. .

이때 실외측 열교환기(13)의 출구로 부터 나온 냉매는 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)로 분배되어 흐르게 되고 캐피러리(14b)측으로 들어온 냉매는 보조 캐피러리(14c)를 경유하여 캐피러리(14a)측으로 들어온 냉매와 합쳐진 후 전자밸브(15a)를 통해 제1실내기(16a)로 들어가 증발작용을 수행하게 된다.At this time, the refrigerant from the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is distributed to each room capillary 14a, 14b, and the refrigerant entering the capillary 14b side passes through the auxiliary capacitor 14c. After being combined with the refrigerant entering the 14a side, the solenoid valve 15a enters the first chamber 16a to perform evaporation.

즉, 보조 캐피러리(14c)는 1실 운전시 실내기로 들어가는 냉매의 유량을 조절하여 냉매 부족현상을 막아주는 역할을 한다.That is, the auxiliary capacitor 14c serves to prevent the shortage of refrigerant by controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the indoor unit during one room operation.

그리고 상기와 같은 1실 운전시 실외측 열교환기(13)의 출구와 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)사이에서 분지된 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)가 개방되어 있게되는데, 이는 1실 운전시 압축기(11a)에 유입되는 냉매량을 보충하기 위한 것이다.In the one-room operation as described above, the bypass solenoid valve 15c branched between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and each of the capacitors 14a and 14b is opened, which is one-room operation. To replenish the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor (11a).

즉, 1실 운전시는 2실 운전시에 비해 실내기를 거쳐 압축기(11a)로 귀환되는 냉매의 양이 적기 때문에 다른 수단을 통해 냉매량을 보충해 주어야 하는데, 이를위해 본 발명에서는 실외측 열교환기(13)의 출구로 부터 나온 냉매의 일부를 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 통해 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)의 전단으로 바이패스시켜 압축기로 귀환되게 함으로서 압축기(11a)로 유입되는 냉매량이 보충되게 하였다.That is, since the amount of refrigerant returned to the compressor 11a through the indoor unit is smaller in the one-room operation than in the two-room operation, the amount of the refrigerant must be supplemented by other means. Part of the refrigerant from the outlet of 13) was bypassed to the front of the air-conditioning switching valve 12a through the bypass capacitor 14e to be returned to the compressor, so that the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 11a was replenished. .

또한 상기와 같이 바이패스용 절환밸브(15c)와 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 통해 압축기(11a)로 유입되는 냉매량을 보충할 때 냉매가 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 통과하면서 온도가 낮아지고 이에따라 저온조건에서 운전시 액냉매가 압축기(11a)에 유입될 우려가 있게되는데, 본 발명에서는 이를 보완하기 위해 바이패스되는 냉매가 실외측 열교환기(13)의 최하단을 경유하면서 증발한 후 압축기(11a)에 유입되도록 하였다.In addition, when replenishing the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 11a through the bypass switching valve 15c and the bypass capacitor 14e as described above, while the refrigerant passes through the bypass capacitor 14e, the temperature is increased. There is a risk that the liquid refrigerant is introduced into the compressor (11a) when operating in a low temperature condition and accordingly, in the present invention, the refrigerant bypassed to evaporate while passing through the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger (13) to compensate for this It was made to flow into the compressor 11a.

한편, 2개의 방중 하나만 난방운전 할 때에는 해당되는 방의 전자밸브와 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)가 개방되고 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)에 의해 냉매가 냉방시의 역순으로 순환하게 되며, 이때에는 실내기로 들어가는 냉매량이 너무 많아 토출온도가 상승되므로 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)의 개방에 의해 실내기의 토출온도 상승을 억제시키게 된다.On the other hand, when only one of the two rooms is heated, the solenoid valve and the bypass solenoid valve 15c of the corresponding room are opened and the refrigerant is circulated in the reverse order of the cooling by the air conditioning valve 12a. Since the amount of refrigerant entering is so large that the discharge temperature is increased, the discharge temperature of the indoor unit is suppressed by the opening of the bypass solenoid valve 15c.

상기와 같이 본 발명에 따른 멀티에어컨은 2개의 사이클이 분리되어 한 사이클은 냉방으로 다른 하나의 사이클은 난방으로 운전되는 이질운전이 가능하므로 에어컨의 사용이 더욱 편리해지고 용도가 다양화된다.As described above, in the multi-air conditioner according to the present invention, two cycles are separated, so that one cycle is cooled and the other cycle is driven by heating.

그리고 각실의 동시운전시에는 실외측 열교환기의 하단을 사용하지 않고 난방 1실 운전시에만 실외측 열교환기의 최하단을 응축기로 사용함으로서 제상시 실외측 열교환기의 제상이 원활하게 이루어진다.In the simultaneous operation of each room, the lower end of the outdoor heat exchanger is not used, and the lower end of the outdoor heat exchanger is used as the condenser only during operation of the heating room, so that the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger is performed smoothly.

Claims (4)

제1압축기(11a)에 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)를 통해 연결된 실외측 열교환기의 출구측에 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 각실용 전자밸브(15a)(15b) 및 2개의 실내기(16a)(16b)를 연결하여 하나의 사이클을 구성하고 제2압축기(11b)에 냉난방 절환밸브(12b)와 실외측 열교환기와 캐피러리(14d) 및 제3실내기(16c)를 연결하여 다른 하나의 사이클을 구성하며, 상기 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)와 전자밸브(15a)(15b)사이에 각실을 연결하는 보조 캐피러리(14c)를 설치하고 상기 실외측 열교환기의 출구와 각실용 캐피러리(14a)(14b)사이에서 분지된 배관상에는 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)와 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 설치함과 함께 그 배관이 실외측 열교환기를 경유하여 냉난방 절환밸브(12a)의 전단에 연결되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클.Each room capillary 14a, 14b, each room solenoid valve 15a, 15b, and two indoor units (1) at the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger connected to the first compressor 11a via the air-conditioning switching valve 12a. 16a) and 16b are connected to each other to form one cycle, and the second compressor 11b is connected to the air-conditioning switching valve 12b, the outdoor heat exchanger, the capillary 14d, and the third indoor unit 16c. Comprising a cycle, and between the compartments 14a (14b) and the solenoid valves (15a, 15b) for installing the auxiliary capacities (14c) for connecting each chamber, the outlet of the heat exchanger and the room A bypass solenoid valve 15c and a bypass capacitor 14e are installed on the pipe branched between the capillaries 14a and 14b, and the pipe is cooled and heated via a heat exchanger on the outdoor side. Cooling, heating cycle of the multi-air conditioner, characterized in that connected to the front end. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 각실용 실내기(16a)(16b)중 1실 운전시 각실용 전자밸브(15a)(15b)중 해당실의 전자밸브만 개방되고 폐쇄된 전자밸브측의 캐피러리로 유입되는 냉매는 보조 캐피러리(14c)를 통해 개방된 전자밸브측의 캐피러리로 유입되는 냉매와 합쳐져 실내기로 들어가게 한 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클.During operation of one of the indoor units 16a and 16b for each room, only the solenoid valve of the corresponding room among the solenoid valves 15a and 15b for each room is opened and the refrigerant flowing into the capillary on the solenoid valve side is closed. Cooling and heating cycle of the multi-air conditioner, characterized in that it is combined with the refrigerant flowing into the capital of the solenoid valve side opened through the (14c) to enter the indoor unit. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 각실용 실내기(16a)(16b)중 1실 운전시 바이패스용 전자밸브(15c)가 개방되어 실외측 열교환기의 출구로 나온 냉매의 일부가 바이패스 캐피러리(14e)를 통해 압축기로 바이패스되게 한 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클.During operation of one of the indoor units 16a and 16b for each room, the bypass solenoid valve 15c is opened so that a part of the refrigerant exiting the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is bypassed to the compressor through the bypass capacitor 14e. Cooling and heating cycles of multiple air conditioners, characterized in that passed. 제 3 항에 있어서,The method of claim 3, wherein 상기 바이패스용 캐피러리(14e)를 통해 압축기로 바이패스되는 냉매가 실외측 열교환기의 최하단을 경유하여 압축기로 유입되게 한 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티 공기조화기의 냉,난방 사이클.Cooling and heating cycle of the multi-air conditioner characterized in that the refrigerant is bypassed to the compressor through the bypass capillary (14e) to enter the compressor via the lowest end of the outdoor side heat exchanger.
KR1019970063365A 1997-11-27 1997-11-27 Heating and cooling cycle of air conditioner KR100239477B1 (en)

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