KR0183334B1 - Biological treatment of nitrogen from waste water - Google Patents
Biological treatment of nitrogen from waste water Download PDFInfo
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- KR0183334B1 KR0183334B1 KR1019960019214A KR19960019214A KR0183334B1 KR 0183334 B1 KR0183334 B1 KR 0183334B1 KR 1019960019214 A KR1019960019214 A KR 1019960019214A KR 19960019214 A KR19960019214 A KR 19960019214A KR 0183334 B1 KR0183334 B1 KR 0183334B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/305—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the denitrification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/121—Multistep treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1221—Particular type of activated sludge processes comprising treatment of the recirculated sludge
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Abstract
본 발명은 하폐수의 생물학적 질소 제거방법에 있어서, 외부 탄소원을 사용하는 경우 무산소조 전단에 투입되는 외부 탄소원으로 인하여 3차 침전지에서의 슬러지의 침강성이 악화되는 것을 개선하여 질소제거 효율을 높이려는 것이다. 본 발명은 2차 침전지에서 얻어진 슬러지를 무산소로 또는 3차 침전조로 첨가하여 침전지에서 침강성을 향상시켰다.In the biological nitrogen removal method for wastewater, when the external carbon source is used, the deterioration of sludge settlement in the tertiary clarifier is prevented from being deteriorated due to the external carbon source injected into the anoxic tank shear stage, thereby enhancing the nitrogen removal efficiency. In the present invention, the sludge obtained from the secondary settling tank is added to the anaerobic tank or the tertiary settling tank to improve sedimentation in the settling tank.
Description
제1도는 기존의 생물학적 질소처리방법의 개념도이다.FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional biological nitrogen treatment method.
제2도는 본 발명의 일실시예에 의한 생물학적 질소처리방법의 개념도이다.FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a biological nitrogen treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명은 하폐수의 질소제거공정에 관한 것으로서, 좀더 자세히는 2차침전지의 폐기 슬러지를 이용하여 침전지에서 슬러지의 침강성을 향상시킬 수 있는 새로운 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a process for removing nitrogen in wastewater, and more particularly, to a new method for improving sedimentation of sludge in a settler using waste sludge of a secondary settler.
하폐수 중의 질소는 미생물이 살아가는데 필수성분이지만, 과잉으로 존재하는 경우 부영양화(eutrophication)을 일으킨다. 부영양화는 식물 또는 조류의 과잉 성장현상을 말하는데 이는 조류의 부패로 인한 악취문제, 낮은 용존산소농도의 문제를 발생시킨다. 하폐수의 생물학적 질소제거공정은 질산화와 탈질소화에 의한 두 가지 공정에 의해서 이루어진다. 하폐수 중의 질소는 유기성 질소, 암모니아성 질소, 질산성 질소, 아질산성 질소의 형태로 존재한다. 유기성 질소는 미생물에 의하여 분해되어 암모니아성 질소로 전환되며, 질산화 과정은 전환된 암모니아성 질소 및 기존의 암모니아성 질소가 질산성 질소로 바뀌는 현상이다. 질산성 질소는 혐기 상태에서 탈질과정을 거쳐 질소와 산소로 분해되어 제거된다. 탈질과정에서는 전자수용체로 질산성 질소가 사용되며, 전자공여체가 필요하게 되는데 보통 탄소원을 넣어 준다. 탄소원을 준비하는 방법은 2가지가 있다. 한 가지는 질산화된 액을 원수가 투입되는 부분으로 재순환하여 운수중의 탄소원 즉 내부 탄소원을 사용하는 방법이고, 다른 한 가지는 질산화된 액을 재순환하지 않고 바로 다음 반응조에서 다른 형태의 외부 탄소원을 첨가시켜 주는 방법이다. 후자의 경우 질소의 제거율을 90% 이상 올릴 수 있는 좋은 방법이나, 슬러지의 침강성이 문제가 되며 슬러지의 벌킹을 야기하여 운전에 어려움을 겪는 것으로 보고되고 있다.Nitrogen in wastewater is an essential component of microbial survival, but it causes eutrophication if it is present in excess. Eutrophication refers to the phenomenon of overgrowth of plants or algae, which causes odor problems due to algae decay and low dissolved oxygen concentration. Biological nitrogen removal process of wastewater is accomplished by two processes by nitrification and denitrification. Nitrogen in wastewater is present in the form of organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen. The organic nitrogen is decomposed by microorganisms into ammonia nitrogen, and the nitrification process is a phenomenon that the converted ammonia nitrogen and the existing ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrate nitrogen. The nitrate nitrogen is decomposed into nitrogen and oxygen through the denitrification process in the anaerobic state. In the denitrification process, nitrate nitrogen is used as an electron acceptor, and an electron donor is needed. Usually carbon source is added. There are two ways to prepare the carbon source. One method is to recycle the nitrified liquid to the part where the raw water is fed, using the carbon source in the transport, that is, the internal carbon source, and the other is to add the external carbon source in the next reaction tank without recycling the nitrified liquid. Method. In the latter case, it is reported that a good method of raising the removal rate of nitrogen by more than 90%, but the precipitation of the sludge becomes a problem and causes the sludge to be bulky, resulting in difficulty in driving.
슬러지의 침강성을 높이려는 시도는 다음의 몇 가지가 특허로서 소개되고 있다.Several attempts to increase the sedimentation of sludge have been introduced as patents.
미국특허 제5,344,563호에서 Noyers Daniel은 원심형 포기장치(circular aeration basin)를 이용하여 침전지에서 침강시 중앙에서 난류(turbulent flow)에 영향을 덜 받도록 하는 방법으로 침강성을 향상시킨 것으로 보고하였다.In U.S. Patent No. 5,344,563, Noyers Daniel reported improved sedimentation by using a circular aeration basin to lessen turbulent flow at the center during settling in sedimentation basin.
미국특허 제5,271,832호에서 Schreber는 깔때기(funne1) 모양의 침전장치를 이용하여 침전효율을 증가시켰는데, 회전포기브리지(rotating aeration bridge)가 중심축으로 회전하고 있는 형태를 취하고 있다.In US Pat. No. 5,271,832 Schreber increased the sedimentation efficiency using a funnel-shaped sedimentation apparatus in which the rotating aeration bridge rotates about a central axis.
미국특허 제5,217,609호에서 Holdeman은 슬러지 수집조(sludge collector), 포기장치(aerator), 재순환펌프(relurn pump) 로 구성된 침강성 개선장치를 제안하였다. 이들은 진공을 이용하여 슬러지의 침강성을 향상시키며 슬러지의 탈질을 막기 위하여 포기를 시켰으며 난류가 형성되지 않도록 슬러지를 모으고 이송하여 침전지에서의 문제점을 해결하였다.In US Pat. No. 5,217,609 Holdeman proposed a sedimentation remediation device consisting of a sludge collector, an aerator, and a relurn pump. They used vacuum to improve the settling of sludge and to prevent denitrification of sludge. The sludge was collected and transported in order to prevent the formation of turbulence.
위에서 몇 개의 특허에 대한 서술에서도 보였듯이, 슬러지 침강성 향상을 위한 대부분의 노력은 공정 자체의 특징을 이용한 것이 아니라, 주로 침전조의 형태를 바꾼 경우가 많았다. 그러므로 침전조의 설계가 복잡해져 제작이 불편할 뿐만 아니라 실제 운전도 복잡해지는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 발명은 침전조의 형태를 바꾸는 것이 아니라 공정구성 자체를 바꾸어 침강성을 향상시키는 방법을 취하고 있다.Most of the efforts to improve sludge sedimentation have not changed the characteristics of the process itself, but mostly changed the shape of the sedimentation tank, as shown in the description of several patents above. Therefore, the design of the settling tank is complicated, which not only inconveniences the fabrication but also complicates the actual operation. The present invention does not change the shape of the settling tank but takes a method of improving the settleability by changing the process configuration itself.
통상 분리형의 생물학적 질소제거의 공정구성은 제1도와 같은 형태를 가진다. 즉, 2차침전지에서 얻어진 슬러지를 포기조 전단으로 반송하여 투입하거나 3차침전지에서 얻어진 슬러지를 무산소조 전단으로 반송하여 투입시키는 공정이었다. 그러나, 이 경우 실시예의 대조 실험(반송슬러지 및 포기조 미생물을 첨가하지 않는 경우를 말하며, 표1 및 표 2에는 0% 항목으로 나타나 있다.)을 통해 얻어진 결과와 같이 슬러지 부피지수가 460으로 지나치게 높은 값을 나타내어 3차 침전지에서의 침강성에 문제가 있었다.The process configuration of the separation type biological nitrogen removal is generally the same as that of the first embodiment. That is, the sludge obtained in the secondary settling tank is transported to the anolyte shear stage, or the sludge obtained in the tertiary settling tank is transported to the anoxic tank shear stage and charged. In this case, however, the sludge volume index is too high (460) as shown in the results obtained through the control experiment of the embodiment (the case where the conveying sludge and the aeration tank microorganism are not added and shown as 0% item in Table 1 and Table 2) And there was a problem in sedimentation in the third settling basin.
따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 침전조의 물리적 구조를 개선시키는 것이 아니라 폐수처리공정 자체를 개선함으로써 무산소조 전단에 투입되는 외부 탄소원으로 인하여 3차 침전지의 슬러지 침강성이 불량해지는 것을 해결하려는 것이다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to solve the problem that the sludge sedimentation property of the tertiary clarifier is poor due to the external carbon source injected into the anoxic tank shear stage by improving the wastewater treatment process itself, not improving the physical structure of the sedimentation tank.
본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 반송 슬러지의 투입 방법을 고려하였다. 2차 침전지에서 포기조로 슬러지를 반송하는 중 포기조의 일정한 미생물의 활성 및 농도를 유지시키기 위하여 반송 슬러지의 일부를 폐시키는데, 이때 폐기되는 슬러지의 일부를 무산소조 또는 3차 침전지에 첨가하여 3차 침전지의 미생물의 침강성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 예상되었다.In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the method of feeding the carrier sludge is considered. In order to maintain the activity and concentration of certain microorganisms in the aeration tank which transports the sludge from the secondary settling tank to the aeration tank, a part of the sludge to be discarded is added to the anoxic tank or the tertiary settling tank, It was expected that it would improve the sedimentation of microorganisms.
이하에서 구체적인 실시예를 통하여 본 발명의 효과를 알아보겠다. 그러나, 본 발명이 아래의 실시예에 의하여 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, effects of the present invention will be described through specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
[실시예 1][Example 1]
제1도에 도시된 기존의 생물학적 질소 처리 공정을 따르되, 3차 침전지의 인입 부분에 2차 침전지에서 포기조로 유입되는 반송 슬러지 중 폐기되는 슬러지를 3차 침전지의 유입유량 대비 0, 5, 10, 20 중량%로 구분하여 주입하였다. 여기에서 0%라 함은 2차 침전지로부터 3차 침전지로 유입되는 슬러지가 없는 경우로서, 제1도와 같이 기존의 공정을 이용한 대조 실험을 말한다. 이때 유입되는 폐수의 성상은 화학적 산소요구량(COD) 200~300㎎/ℓ, 현탁고형물(Suspended Solid; SS) 60㎎/ℓ, 총질소(Total Notrogen; TN) 40~80㎎/ℓ, 총인(T0tal Phosphorus;TP) 6~10㎎/ℓ 였으며, 3차 침전지의 체류시간은 3시간이었다. 외부 탄소원으로는 아세트산나트륨을 사용하였다.According to the conventional biological nitrogen treatment process shown in FIG. 1, the sludge to be discarded among the transport sludge flowing into the aeration tank from the secondary settling tank to the inlet portion of the tertiary settling tank is discharged at 0, 5, 10, 20% by weight. Here, 0% refers to the case where there is no sludge flowing into the third settling basin from the second settling basin and refers to a control experiment using the existing process as in the first drawing. The characteristics of the influent wastewater are chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 200 ~ 300mg / ℓ, suspended solid (SS) of 60mg / ℓ, total nitrogen (TN) of 40 ~ 80mg / ℓ, total phosphorus T0tal Phosphorus; TP) was 6 ~ 10 mg / l, and the retention time of the third clarifier was 3 hours. Sodium acetate was used as an external carbon source.
아래의 표 1의 결과를 보면 2차 침전지로부터 3차 침전지로 슬러지를 첨가하지 않았을 경우 슬러지 부피지수(Sludge Volumn Index; SVI)가 460이었으나 3차 침전지의 유입유량 대비 5%, 10%, 20%씩 슬러지를 첨가함에 따라서 슬러지 부피지수는 280, 250, 220의 값을 나타내었으며, 질소 및 인의 유출 농도는 각각 5, 2㎎/ℓ의 수준이었다.Table 1 shows that the sludge volume index (SVI) was 460 when the sludge was not added from the secondary settler to the tertiary settler, but the sludge volume index (SVI) was 560%, 10%, 20% As the sludge was added, the sludge volume index was 280, 250 and 220, and the outflow concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were 5 and 2 mg / ℓ, respectively.
즉, 본 발명에 따라 2차 침전지로부터 3차 침전지로 슬러지를 첨가하는 경우 슬러지 부피지수가 2배 정도로 높아져 침강성이 향상되었으며, 질소와 인의 제거율은 슬러지를 첨가하지 않는 경우와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다.That is, according to the present invention, when the sludge is added from the secondary settling basin to the tertiary settling basin, the sludge volume index is increased to twice as high as that of sedimentation, and the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is not significantly different from the case of not adding sludge.
유출수의 COD는 2차 침전지로부터 3차 침전지로 슬러지를 첨가하지 않는 경우, 50㎎/ℓ인데 비하여 5%, 10%, 20%의 슬러지를 첨가함에 따라서 각각 35, 38, 45㎎/ℓ과 같이 더 낮은 값을 가졌다. 무산소조, 산소조의 포기조 내 미생물(Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid; MLSS)의 농도는 2차 침전지로부터 슬러지를 첨가하지 않는 경우 1,300~1,800㎎/ℓ이었지만 2차 침전지로부터 슬러지가 첨가되는 경우 2,000~4,000㎎/ℓ으로 높은 농도를 유지할 수 있었다.The COD of the effluent is 50 mg / ℓ when the sludge is not added from the secondary clarifier to the third clarifier. The addition of 5%, 10% and 20% sludge compared to 50 mg / ℓ results in 35, 38 and 45 mg / Had a lower value. Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) concentrations in anoxic and anoxic tank were 1,300 ~ 1,800mg / ℓ without sludge added from secondary clarifier, but 2,000 ~ 4,000mg / ℓ when sludge was added from secondary clarifier And it was able to maintain a high concentration.
[실시예 2][Example 2]
제1도에 도시된 기존의 생물학적 질소 처리 공정을 따르되, 3차 침전지의 인입 부분에 포기조의 미생물을 유입유량 대비 0, 5, 10, 20중량%로 첨가하였다. 처리 결과는 표 1에 나타나 있다. 여기에서 0%라 함은 포기조로부터 3차 침전지로 유입되는 미생물이 없는 경우로서, 제1도와 같이 기존의 공정을 이용한 대조 실험을 말한다.According to the conventional biological nitrogen treatment process shown in FIG. 1, microorganisms in the aeration tank were added at 0, 5, 10 and 20% by weight of the influent flow rate to the inlet portion of the third settling basin. The results of the treatment are shown in Table 1. Here, 0% refers to the case where there is no microorganism flowing into the third settling basin from the aeration tank, which is a control experiment using the existing process as in the first view.
[실시예 3][Example 3]
제1도에 도시된 기존의 생물학적 질소 처리 공정을 따르되, 2차 침전지로부터의 슬러지를 무산소조로 유입유량 대비 0, 5, 10, 20 중량%로 나누어 구분하여 주입하였으며 유입수의 조건 및 기타 다른 조건은 실시예 1과 동일하다. 여기에서 0%라 함은 2차 침전지로부터 무산소조로 유입되는 슬러지가 없는 경우로서, 제1도와 같이 기존의 공정을 이용한 대조 실험을 말한다.According to the existing biological nitrogen treatment process shown in FIG. 1, the sludge from the secondary settler was divided into 0, 5, 10, and 20% by weight of the influent flow into the anoxic tank. The same as in Example 1. Here, 0% refers to the case where there is no sludge flowing into the anoxic tank from the secondary settling tank, and it refers to the control experiment using the existing process as in the first view.
처리 결과는 표 1, 표 2에 나타나 있다. 실시예 1과 COD, 총질소, 총인은 비슷하였으나, 슬러지 부피지수는 다소 높은 수준이었다.The results of the treatment are shown in Tables 1 and 2. COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were similar to Example 1, but the sludge volume index was somewhat higher.
제1도에 도시된 기존의 생물학적 질소 처리 공정을 따르되, 무산소조의 인입 부분에 포기조의 미생물을 유입유량 대비 0, 5, 10, 20중량%로 첨가하였다. 유입수의 조건 및 기타 다른 조건은 실시예 1과 동일하다. 여기에서 0%라 함은 포기조로부터 무산소조로 유입되는 미생물이 없는 경우로서, 제1도와 같이 기존의 공정을 이용한 대조 실험을 말한다.Following the conventional biological nitrogen treatment process shown in FIG. 1, microorganisms in the aeration tank were added to the inlet portion of the anoxic tank at 0, 5, 10, and 20% by weight of the influent flow rate. The conditions of the influent water and other conditions are the same as in Example 1. Here, 0% refers to the case where no microorganisms flow into the anoxic tank from the aeration tank, and it refers to the control experiment using the existing process as in the first step.
처리 결과는 표 1, 표 2에 나타나 있다. 슬러지 부피지수 및 총질소, 총인 제거 효과는 실시예 1과 비슷한 결과를 보였다.The results of the treatment are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Sludge volume index, total nitrogen, total phosphorus removal effect were similar to those of Example 1.
이와 같이 본 발명에 의하여 포기조 이후의 2차 침전지에서 얻어지는 슬러지나 포기조의 미생물을 무산소조 전단 또는 3차 침전지 인입 부분에 투입하는 경우 총질소, 총인의 제거효율은 나빠지지 않으면서도 산소조 및 무산소조의 미생물 농도가 높아지고 특히 슬러지 부피지수가 현저히 낮아져서 침강성이 향상되었다.As described above, when the microorganisms of the sludge or aeration tank obtained from the secondary settling tank after the aeration tank are introduced into the anoxic tank shear or the inlet of the third settling tank, the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and total phosphorus are not deteriorated, The concentration was increased and the sludge volume index was remarkably lowered to improve the sedimentation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000058322A (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2000-10-05 | 이경주 | Improvement of the sludge settling properties by the secondary settling tanks designed in a series of activated sludge processes and their modifications |
| KR100419620B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-02-25 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | A method for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phenol in wastewater |
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| KR100416693B1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-01-31 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Method for removing nutrients of domestic sewage using 2 step aeration and an apparatus used therefor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000058322A (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2000-10-05 | 이경주 | Improvement of the sludge settling properties by the secondary settling tanks designed in a series of activated sludge processes and their modifications |
| KR100419620B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-02-25 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | A method for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phenol in wastewater |
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