KR0141245B1 - Solidification method of sewage sludge - Google Patents

Solidification method of sewage sludge

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Publication number
KR0141245B1
KR0141245B1 KR1019950009380A KR19950009380A KR0141245B1 KR 0141245 B1 KR0141245 B1 KR 0141245B1 KR 1019950009380 A KR1019950009380 A KR 1019950009380A KR 19950009380 A KR19950009380 A KR 19950009380A KR 0141245 B1 KR0141245 B1 KR 0141245B1
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South Korea
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sewage sludge
weight
cement
strength
solidification
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KR1019950009380A
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Korean (ko)
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KR960037588A (en
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김영길
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김영조
백광소재 주식회사
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
    • C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명의 함수율이 60∼90중량%이며 고형분 중의 유기물질 함유량이 30∼90중량%인 하수오니를 고화처리하는 방법에 있어서, 하수오니에 대해서 수산화칼슘 또는 산화칼슘분 20∼60중량%를 첨가하여 혼련한 후 이 혼련물에 하수오니에 대해서 50∼60중량%의 신멘트와 3∼10중량%의 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨의 혼합물을 첨가 혼합하여 하수오니를 고화처리하는 방법에 관한 것이다.In the method for solidifying sewage sludge having a water content of 60 to 90% by weight and an organic substance content of 30 to 90% by weight in solid content, 20 to 60% by weight of calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide is added to the sewage sludge. After kneading, the kneaded product is mixed with 50 to 60% by weight of cement and 3 to 10% by weight of a mixture of aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate to solidify the sewage sludge.

상기와 같은 방법으로 하수오니를 고화처리하여 매립할 경우 2차 고해의 우려가 없어 환경오염방지 효과가 있고, 요구되어지는 매립지의 강도를 만족시켜 단시간내에 이용할 수 있다.When the sewage sludge is solidified by landfill as described above, there is no fear of secondary bleeding, thereby preventing environmental pollution, and it can be used within a short time by satisfying the strength of the landfill required.

Description

하수오니의 고화처리 방법Sewage sludge solidification method

본 발명은 하수오니의 고화처리 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for solidifying sewage sludge.

최근 도시의 인구 증가에 따라 배출되는 하수량이 크게 늘고 있으며, 그에 따른 하수처리를 위한 하수 처리설비도 계속 증설되고 있는 실정이다.Recently, the amount of sewage discharged with the increase of the population of the city is increasing, and the sewage treatment facilities for sewage treatment are continuously expanded.

이러한 하수처리시설의 증가는 이 시설로부터 배출되는 하수오니의 발생량을 증가시켜 그에 대한 처리방법도 다양하게 제안되고 있다.The increase of sewage treatment facilities increases the amount of sewage sludge discharged from these facilities, and various treatment methods have been proposed.

하수오니의 처리방법으로는 매립처분, 소각처분, 또는 퇴비화하여 이용하는 방법 등이 제안되고 있지만, 경제적인 이유 때문에 현재 대부분의 매립처분에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 또, 하수오니를 매립하여 처리하는 방법에 있어서도, 오니를 아무런 전처리를 하지 않은 상태로 해면이나 육상에 매립을 하고있는 실정이다.As a method of treating sewage sludge, a landfill disposal, an incineration disposal method, or a composting method has been proposed, but for the sake of economic reasons, the current situation depends on most landfill disposal. In addition, even in the method of reclaiming and treating sewage sludge, the situation is that the sludge is buried in the sea surface or land without any pretreatment.

이러한 매립방법은 2차공해의 발생소지가 있으며, 함수율이 높아 운반취급이 용이하지 못하고, 매립 완료 후 매립지의 지반을 약화시켜 용도에 제한이 따르는 등의 문제점이 있다.Such a landfill method may cause secondary pollution, have a high moisture content, and may not be easily handled and transported.

이러한 관점에서 문제 해결을 위하여, 최근에는 하수오니를 고화처리하여 매립하는 방법이 주목받고 있다.In order to solve the problem from this point of view, recently, a method of solidifying the sewage sludge and landfill is attracting attention.

하수오니를 고화처리하여 매립할 경우, 하수오니 고화물은 토목적 필요에 따른 적당한 강도를 가져야 한다. 예를 들면 불도저의 운행이 가능하려면 일정한 강도 예를 들면 일축압축강도 0.5kgf/㎠ 이상의 강도가 필요하다. 또, 장기적으로는 트럭 등의 주행에 견디는 지지력(일축압축강도 : 1Kgf/㎠ 이상)이 필요하다.If the sewage sludge is solidified and landfilled, the sewage sludge must be of adequate strength for civil purposes. For example, in order to be able to operate the bulldozer, a certain strength, for example, a uniaxial compressive strength of 0.5kgf / cm 2 or more is required. In addition, in the long term, a bearing force (uniaxial compressive strength: 1 Kgf / cm 2 or more) that withstands traveling of a truck or the like is required.

한편, 하수오니의 성분 및 조성은 하수처리방법에 따라 차이가 있기는 하지만 일반적으로 함수율이 60∼90중량% 정도로 극히 높고, 고형분중에 시멘트의 경화를 방해하는 유기물질이 30∼90중량%나 포함하고 있다.On the other hand, although the composition and composition of the sewage sludge varies depending on the sewage treatment method, the water content is generally extremely high, such as 60 to 90% by weight, and contains 30 to 90% by weight of organic substances that hinder cement hardening in solid content. Doing.

따라서, 하수오니를 통상의 시멘트를 사용하여 상기의 강도를 가지도록 하기느 매우 어렵고 고화한다 하더라도 많은 양의 시멘트를 첨가하여야 하는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, even if it is very difficult to solidify the sewage sludge to have the above strength by using a conventional cement, there is a problem that a large amount of cement should be added.

본 발명자들은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 함수율이 높고, 동시에 유기물 함유량이 많은 하수오니를 경제적인 비용으로, 보다 효과적으로 고화처리하는 방법을 개발하게 되었다.In order to solve this problem, the present inventors have developed a method for more effectively solidifying sewage sludge having a high water content and a high organic content at an economical cost.

본 발명의 하수오니 고화방법을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.When explaining the sewage sludge solidification method of the present invention in detail.

함수율이 60∼90중량%이며, 고형분중의 유기물의 함유량이 30∼90중량%인 하수오니에 대하여 수산화칼슘 5∼60중량%, 좋게는 20∼40중량%, 또는 산화칼슘 5∼55중량%, 좋게는 15∼35중량%를 첨가하고 미리 혼합한 후, 적당 시간 방치 후 시멘트를 하수오니에 대하여 10∼100중량%, 좋게는 40∼80중량%, 고화조제로 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨을 시멘트에 대하여 각각 1∼25중량%, 좋게는 5∼15중량%를 첨가하여 혼련후 고화한다. 이와같은 고화방법으로 고화된 하수오니는 시멘트만을 혼합하여 고화시킨 경우보다 탁월한 고화효과의 향상을 보였다. 고화처리시 우선 첨가하는 수산화칼슘 또는 산화칼슘은 하수오니가 함유하고 있는 수분과 반응하여 함수율을 낮추어 주는 작용을 하며, 자경성(自硬性)이 있어 오니의 물리적 성질을 개선시키는 효과가 있고, 산화칼슘은 수분과 반응하여 많은 양의 열을 방출하는 성질이 있어 이때 발생하는 열에 의해 하수오니중에 존재 가능한 병원균이나 해충의 알 등을 사멸시키는 부수적인 효과도 있다. 특히 수산화칼슘 및 산화칼슘은 하수오니중의 시멘트계 고화제의 수화경화를 방해하는 유기물질과 반응하여 유기물질을 칼슘염 상태로 변환시켜 수화경화방해 기능을 억제시키므로서 하수오니 고화체의 강도 발현에 간접적인 기여를 한다. 또한, 시멘트 구성물의 고화강도 발현에 직접적으로 기여하는 에트링가이트(Ettringite: 3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O) 생성시 필요한 수산화칼슘의 공급원 역할도 한다.5 to 60% by weight of calcium hydroxide, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, or 5 to 55% by weight of calcium oxide, with respect to the sewage sludge having a water content of 60 to 90% by weight and a content of organic matter in the solid content of 30 to 90% by weight. Preferably, 15 to 35% by weight is added and mixed in advance, and after being left for a suitable time, cement is 10 to 100% by weight, preferably 40 to 80% by weight, and aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate are added to the cement as a solidification aid. 1 to 25% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, is added and solidified after kneading. The sewage sludge solidified by this solidification method showed an excellent solidification effect than the case where only cement was solidified. Calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, which is added during solidification treatment, reacts with the water contained in sewage sludge to lower the moisture content, and has the effect of improving the physical properties of the sludge due to its self-hardening property. Has the property of releasing a large amount of heat by reacting with moisture, and has the side effect of killing pathogens and pest eggs that may exist in sewage sludge by the heat generated at this time. In particular, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide react indirectly with hydration hardening of cement-based solidifying agent in sewage sludge, converting organic matter into calcium salt state, thereby inhibiting hydration hardening function, thereby indirectly developing strength of sewage sludge solidification. Contribute. It also serves as a source of calcium hydroxide required for the production of ettringite (3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.32H2O), which directly contributes to the development of solidification strength of cement components.

고화처리시 사용하는 시멘트는 통상의 포틀란트 시멘트를 이용하였으며, 하수오니 고화체의 초기 강도 향상 및 보다 경제적인 고화처리를 위해 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨을 첨가하였다. 이때, 첨가하는 황산알루미늄은 알카리금속 황산염류로서 고화반응시 먼저 수경성시멘트의 수화과정중 유리되는 수산화칼슘 및 우선 첨가한 수산화칼슘과 반응하여 황산칼슘 즉, 석고를 생성하고 이것이 계속적인 수화반응을 통해 최종적으로 에트링가이트를 생성한다. 이 에트링가이트는 수경성 시멘트계 고화물의 초기강도 발현의 주요인이다. 이러한 이유로 황산알류미늄의 첨가는 하수오니 고화체의 초기 강도를 향상시키는 효과가 있다.The cement used in the solidification treatment was a conventional portland cement, and aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate were added to improve the initial strength of the sewage sludge solidification and economical solidification treatment. At this time, the added aluminum sulfate is alkali metal sulfate, and during the solidification reaction, it first reacts with the free calcium hydroxide and the first added calcium hydroxide during the hydration of the hydraulic cement to form calcium sulfate, that is, gypsum, which is finally obtained through continuous hydration reaction. Generate ettringite. This etlingite is a major factor in the initial strength development of hydraulic cement-based solids. For this reason, the addition of aluminum sulfate has the effect of improving the initial strength of the sewage sludge solidification.

또한 첨가제로서 탄산나트륨을 선택한 이유는 수경성 시멘트의 수화반응중에 탄산나트륨은 칼슘알루미노카보네이트를 형성하고 이것은 최종적으로 에트링가이트를 생성하므로 상기와 같은 효과가 있다.The reason why sodium carbonate was selected as an additive is that sodium carbonate forms calcium aluminocarbonate during the hydration of hydraulic cement, which finally produces ettringite.

하수오니를 고형화 처리함에 있어, 우선 첨가하는 수산화칼슘 혹은 산화칼슘, 강도 발현의 주요인인 시멘트와 첨가제의 하수오니에 대한 조성비는 각각 다른 실험을 통해 가장 우수하다고 판단되는 조성비를 선택하였다.In solidifying the sewage sludge, the composition ratios of calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide added to the sewage sludge of cement and additive, which are the main factors of strength development, were selected through different experiments.

본 발명자들은 이와같은 실험의 결과들로부터 함수비가 높고, 유기물 함량이 많은 하수오니의 고화하는 최적의 방법을 개발할 수 있었다.From the results of these experiments, the inventors were able to develop an optimal method for solidifying sewage sludge with high water content and high organic matter content.

실험 방법에 대하여 좀더 상세히 설명하면 하수 종말 처리장으로부터 배출되는 하수오니의 탈수케익을 본 발명의 고화처리법으로 고형화시험하는 시료로 택하였다.In more detail, the dehydration cake of the sewage sludge discharged from the sewage terminal treatment plant was selected as the solidification test by the solidification method of the present invention.

상기의 탈수케익은 함수율 80중량%, 강열감량(500℃ 1시간) 51%, pH 10.2이고, 이미 pH조정 및 여과제로 쓰여진 수산화칼슘을 미량 함유하고 있다.The dehydrated cake had a water content of 80% by weight, a loss of ignition (51 ° C. for 1 hour) and a pH of 10.2, and contained a small amount of calcium hydroxide already used as a pH adjuster and a filter.

이러한 하수오니에 고화제를 첨가하여 혼련후 공시체를 만들고 일정 기간 재령후 공시체의 일축압축강도를 측정하였다.A solidifying agent was added to the sewage sludge to make a specimen after kneading, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen was measured after a certain period of age.

이때 공시체의 제작 방법은 KS.F. 2403(시험실에서 큰크리트의 압축 및 휨 강도 시험용 공시체를 제작하고 양생하는 방법)에 준하고, 이 공시체에 대하여 KS.F. 2405(콘크리트의 압축강도시험방법)에 준하여 일축압축강도를 측정하였다.At this time, the production method of the specimen is KS.F. 2403 (method of fabricating and curing specimens for compressive and flexural strength testing of large concrete in a laboratory), and the specimens were subjected to KS.F. Uniaxial compressive strength was measured according to 2405 (Concrete compressive strength test method).

각기 다른 조성에 의해 고형화 실험한 상세한 내용은 실시예에 나타내었으며 그 결과를 [표-1]과 [표-2]에 나타내었다.Details of the solidification experiments with different compositions are shown in Examples and the results are shown in [Table-1] and [Table-2].

[실시예1]Example 1

상기의 하수오니에 대하여 수산화 칼슘 또는 산화칼슘을 다음 [표-1] 기재한 바와같은 량으로 첨가하여 혼련한 후, 다시 시멘트를 첨가하여 혼련하여 지름 50mm 높이 100mm의 원주형으로 고화시켜 재령 7일, 28일후의 일축압축강도를 측정하였다. 그 결과는 [표-1]과 같다.Calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide was added to the sewage sludge in an amount as described in the following [Table-1], and then kneaded with cement again to solidify into a columnar shape having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm. , The uniaxial compressive strength after 28 days was measured. The results are shown in [Table-1].

[표-1]에서 알 수 있는 것은 시멘트만으로 고화처리하는 방법에 비해 수산화칼슘 및 산화칼슘을 첨가하여 처리한 방법이 더 고화효과가 우수한 것을 알 수 있다.It can be seen from Table 1 that the method of adding and treating calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide has a better solidifying effect than the method of solidifying only with cement.

또한, 많은 양의 시멘트를 첨가하여 고화시킨 공시체의 강도와 시멘트량의 일부를 좀더 염가인 수산화칼슘 혹은 산화칼슘으로 대치시켜 고화처리한 공시체의 강도가 크게 차이가 나지 않는다. 이러한 결과들로부터 수산화칼슘 및 산화칼슘의 첨가가 경제적인 고화처리 방법임을 알 수 있다.In addition, the strength of the specimen solidified by adding a large amount of cement and the strength of the specimen solidified by replacing some of the amount of cement with more inexpensive calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide are not significantly different. These results show that the addition of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide is an economical solidification method.

[실시예2]Example 2

실시예1의 결과에서 얻어진 수산화칼슘, 시멘트의 조성비에 첨가제 황산알루미늄과 탄산소오다를 각기 다른 조성비로 변화시켜 실시예1과 마찬가지로 고화처리하여 그 결과를 [표-2]에 나타내었다.In the composition ratio of calcium hydroxide and cement obtained in Example 1, the additives aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate were changed to different composition ratios and solidified in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in [Table-2].

[표-2]에서 알 수 있듯이 실험기호 4와 같은 조성비로 첨가제를 첨가한 공시체가 가장 우수한 강도를 가짐을 알 수 있다.As can be seen from [Table-2], it can be seen that the specimen added with the additive in the same composition ratio as Experimental Symbol 4 has the best strength.

하지만, 고화제의 조성비는 시험에 사용한 조성에 국한 되는 것이 아니라, 고화체가 필요로하는 강도에 따라 변화시켜 처리하면 좀더 경제적은 하수오니 고화처리방법이 됨을 말할 여지가 없겠다.However, the composition ratio of the solidifying agent is not limited to the composition used in the test, and it can be said that it is more economical if it is changed to the strength required by the solidified body, so that it becomes a solidification treatment method.

[표-1] 및 [표-2]에서 알 수 있듯이 본 발명에서 사용되는 수산화칼슘 또는 산화칼슘은 하수오니에 대하여 20∼60중량% 사용하는 것이 적당하며, 시멘트는 50∼60중량%, 황산나트륨과 탄산나트륨의 혼합물은 3∼10중량% 사용하는 것이 적당하다. 또한 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨은 각각 첨가할 수도 있으나 혼합물로 만들어 첨가할 수도 있다.As can be seen from [Table-1] and [Table-2], the calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide used in the present invention is suitably used in an amount of 20 to 60% by weight with respect to sewage sludge, and 50 to 60% by weight of cement, sodium sulfate and It is suitable to use 3 to 10 weight% of a mixture of sodium carbonate. In addition, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate may be added respectively, but may be added in a mixture.

상기와 같이 하수오니를 고화처리하여 매립할 경우 하수오니가 포함하고 있던 수분은 구화재료의 경화에 소모되거나 하수오니고화체 내에 고용되므로 인해, 아무런 처리없이 하수오니를 매립한 매립지에서 볼 수 있는 침출수에 의한 2창 공해의 우려가 전혀 없어 환경오염방지 효과가 있다.When the sewage sludge is solidified and landfilled as described above, the water contained in the sewage sludge is consumed in curing the hardened material or is employed in the sewage sludge solidified body. There is no fear of pollution due to the two windows, which is effective in preventing environmental pollution.

또한 고화처리후 매립한 매립지의 경우 단 기간(1∼3개월)내에 매립지의 지반이 안정되어, 그 강도가 건설 장비의 수행, 일반 도로의 건설등에 요구되어지는 지반의 강도를 충분히 만족시켜 아무런 처리없이 하수오니를 매립할 경우 방치되던 미랩지를 단시간내에 가용화 할 수 있는 장점이 있다.In the case of landfill landfilled after solidification treatment, the landfill site is stabilized within a short period of time (1 to 3 months), and its strength satisfies the ground strength required for the performance of construction equipment and construction of general roads. If landfill without sewage sludge has the advantage that can be solubilized in a short time.

Claims (2)

함수율이 60∼90중량%이며 고형분 중의 유기물질 함유량이 30∼90중량%인 하수오니를 고화처리하는 방법에 있어서, 하수오니에 대해서 수산화칼슘 또는 산화칼슘분 20∼60중량%를 첨가하여 혼련한 후 이 혼련물에 하수오니에 대해서 50∼60중량%의 시멘트와 3∼10중량%의 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨의 혼합물을 첨가 혼합하여 하수오니를 고화처리하는 방법.In the method for solidifying sewage sludge having a water content of 60 to 90 wt% and an organic substance content of 30 to 90 wt% in solids, kneading by adding 20 to 60 wt% of calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide powder to the sewage sludge A method of solidifying a sewage sludge by adding and mixing a mixture of 50 to 60 wt% cement, 3 to 10 wt% aluminum sulfate, and sodium carbonate to the kneaded sludge. 제1항에 있어서, 황산알루미늄과 탄산나트륨 혼합물의 구성비를 25∼55:75∼45(황산알루미늄:탄산나트륨)의 비율로 하여 하수오니를 고화처리하는 방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the sewage sludge is solidified at a ratio of 25 to 55:75 to 45 (aluminum sulfate: sodium carbonate) in a ratio of the aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate mixture.
KR1019950009380A 1995-04-21 1995-04-21 Solidification method of sewage sludge KR0141245B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20010007835A (en) * 2000-10-05 2001-02-05 정상옥 drying method for organic waste using synthesis of ettringite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20010007835A (en) * 2000-10-05 2001-02-05 정상옥 drying method for organic waste using synthesis of ettringite

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