JPWO2018168904A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018168904A1 JPWO2018168904A1 JP2018515697A JP2018515697A JPWO2018168904A1 JP WO2018168904 A1 JPWO2018168904 A1 JP WO2018168904A1 JP 2018515697 A JP2018515697 A JP 2018515697A JP 2018515697 A JP2018515697 A JP 2018515697A JP WO2018168904 A1 JPWO2018168904 A1 JP WO2018168904A1
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- Prior art keywords
- intermediate film
- laminated glass
- layer
- film
- wedge angle
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
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- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
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- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
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Abstract
Description
上記圧着前の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角を求める方法は、以下の通りである。
上記本圧着後の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角は、上記本圧着前の中間膜の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で部分楔角と同様にして測定される。
中間膜は、樹脂を含むことが好ましい。上記樹脂は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
中間膜の接着力をより一層高める観点からは、本発明に係る中間膜は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(0)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。中間膜に含まれている熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂である場合に、中間膜(各層)は、可塑剤を含むことが特に好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む層は、可塑剤を含むことが好ましい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、遮熱性物質を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱性物質は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、フタロシアニン化合物、ナフタロシアニン化合物及びアントラシアニン化合物の内の少なくとも1種の成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記成分Xは遮熱性物質である。上記成分Xは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱粒子は遮熱性物質である。遮熱粒子の使用により、赤外線(熱線)を効果的に遮断できる。上記遮熱粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩及びマグネシウム塩の内の少なくとも1種の金属塩(以下、金属塩Mと記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記金属塩Mの使用により、中間膜とガラス板などの合わせガラス部材との接着性又は中間膜における各層間の接着性を制御することが容易になる。上記金属塩Mは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線遮蔽剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線遮蔽剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜、上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、カップリング剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、金属塩以外の接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を示す断面図である。
第1の層を形成するための組成物の作製:
トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)60重量部
Tinuvin326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)0.2重量部
トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)38重量部
Tinuvin326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)0.2重量部
第1の層を形成するための組成物と、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物とを、共押出機を用いて共押出した。実施例1では、中間膜を押出成形した後、中間膜を100℃〜150℃に加熱して保持時間5分以内で保持し、常温に戻した。第2の層/第1の層/第3の層の積層構造を有する楔状の中間膜を作製した。なお、後述する実施例2〜12及び比較例1〜7で得られた中間膜は、一端に最小厚みを有し、他端に最大厚みを有する。
得られた圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する第1のガラス板を用意した。得られた圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する第2のガラス板を用意した。第1のガラス板及び第2のガラス板として、JIS 3202−2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスを用いた。(第1の工程)上記第1のガラス板上に、上記圧着前の中間膜を一方の表面側から載せた。次に、(第2の工程)上記圧着前の中間膜上に上記第2のガラス板の一端を上記圧着前の中間膜の一端に揃えてかつ上記第2のガラス板の面方向を上記第1のガラス板面方向と直角方向にして、上記圧着前の中間膜の他方の表面上に載せた。次に、(第3の工程)上記第2のガラス板の上記一端を固定しながら上記第2のガラス板を傾けて倒して、上記第2のガラス板の表面を上記圧着前の中間膜の上記他方の表面に接触させ、かつ上記第2のガラスを上記圧着前の中間膜の上記他方の表面上で上記第2のガラスの重さがつり合う状態にした。その後、(第4の工程)240℃及び98N/cmの線圧力のロールプレスにて予備圧着した。次に、(第5の工程)140℃及び1.3MPaの圧力にて本圧着して、本圧着後の中間膜を得た。得られた本圧着後の中間膜は、本圧着後の中間膜が上記第1のガラス板と上記第2のガラス板との間に配置された積層体の状態である。
圧着前の中間膜の作製:
中間膜における最小厚み、最大厚み、上記部分楔角の変化率の平均、上記部分楔角の変化率の最大値
上記第3の工程の後かつ上記第4の工程の前の接触箇所数
得られた圧着前の中間膜を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、本圧着後の中間膜を含む積層体を作製した。
単層中間膜を形成するための組成物の作製:
トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部
Tinuvin326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)0.2重量部
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)0.2重量部
単層中間膜形成するための組成物を、押出機を用いて押出した。中間膜を押出成形した後、中間膜を100℃〜150℃に加熱して保持時間5分以内で保持し、常温に戻した。
得られた中間膜を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、本圧着後の中間膜を含む部分楔角測定用の積層体を作製した。
圧着前の中間膜の作製:
中間膜における最小厚み、最大厚み、上記部分楔角の変化率の平均、上記部分楔角の変化率の最大値
上記第3の工程の後かつ上記第4の工程の前の接触箇所数
(1)弾性率
実施例1〜9,11及び比較例1〜4,6の圧着前の中間膜における第2,3の層、並びに、実施例10,12及び比較例5,7の圧着前の中間膜の23℃での弾性率を、以下のようにして測定した。
測定する層又は中間膜を形成するための組成物の混練物を用意した。得られた混練物をプレス成型機で150℃でプレス成型して、厚みが0.35mmである樹脂膜を得た。得られた樹脂膜を25℃及び相対湿度30%の条件で2時間放置した。2時間放置した後に、TAインスツルメント社製「ARES−G2」を用いて、粘弾性を測定した。治具として、直径8mmのパラレルプレートを用いた。3℃/分の降温速度で30℃から−50℃まで温度を低下させる条件、及び周波数1Hz及び歪み1%の条件で測定を行った。
圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角の測定:山文電気社製「TOF−4R」を用いて、上述した方法にて、部分楔角を測定した。
得られた積層体をフロントガラスの位置に設置した。積層体の下方に設置した表示ユニットから表示情報を合わせガラスに反射させ、所定の位置(表示対応領域の全体)で二重像の有無を目視で確認した。二重像を下記の基準で判定した。
○○:二重像が確認されない
○:二重像がごくわずかに確認されるが、実使用上影響がないレベル
×:○○及び○の判定基準に相当しない
1Aa…厚み方向の断面形状が矩形である部分
1Ab…厚み方向の断面形状が楔状である部分
2,2X…第2の層
3,3X…第3の層
11,11A…中間膜
11X…中間膜部
11a…一端
11b…他端
11Aa…厚み方向の断面形状が矩形である部分
11Ab…厚み方向の断面形状が楔状である部分
21…合わせガラス
22…第1の合わせガラス部材
23…第2の合わせガラス部材
R1…表示対応領域
R2…周囲領域
R3…シェード領域
51…ロール体
61…巻き芯
Claims (13)
- 合わせガラスに用いられる合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
一端と、前記一端の反対側に他端とを有し、
前記他端の厚みが、前記一端の厚みよりも大きく、
前記一端から前記他端にかけて前記中間膜の厚みが均一に増加しておらず、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜を圧着前の中間膜として用いて、以下の第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得て、前記圧着前の中間膜及び前記本圧着後の中間膜のそれぞれにおいて、前記中間膜の前記一端から前記他端に向けて40mmの位置から前記一端と前記他端との間の中央の位置までの第1の領域中の10mm間隔ごとの各地点で各部分楔角を測定したときに、下記式(X)により求められる部分楔角の変化率の平均が10%以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。
部分楔角の変化率(%)=|(本圧着後の中間膜の部分楔角−圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角)/(圧着前の中間膜の部分楔角)|×100 ・・・式(X)
第1の工程:圧着前の中間膜を一方の表面側から、第1のガラス板上に載せる。該第1のガラス板は、圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する。該第1のガラス板は、JIS 3202−2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスである。
第2の工程:第2のガラス板を、前記第2のガラス板の一端を前記中間膜の一端に揃えてかつ前記第2のガラス板の面方向を前記第1のガラス板の面方向と直角方向にして、前記中間膜の他方の表面上に載せる。該第2のガラス板は、圧着前の中間膜と同じ大きさを有しかつ2mmの厚みを有する。該第2のガラス板は、JIS 3202−2011に準拠したフロート板ガラスである。
第3の工程:前記第2のガラス板の前記一端を固定しながら前記第2のガラス板を傾けて倒して、前記第2のガラス板の表面を前記中間膜の前記他方の表面に接触させ、かつ前記第2のガラスを前記中間膜の前記他方の表面上で前記第2のガラスの重さがつり合う状態にする。
第4の工程:240℃及び98N/cmの線圧力のロールプレスにて予備圧着する。
第5の工程:140℃及び1.3MPaの圧力にて本圧着して、本圧着後の中間膜を得る。得られる本圧着後の中間膜は、本圧着後の中間膜が前記第1のガラス板と前記第2のガラス板との間に配置された積層体の状態である。 - 前記中間膜の前記一端から前記他端に向けて40mmの位置から、前記他端から前記一端に向けて40mmの位置までの第2の領域中の10mm間隔ごとの各地点での各部分楔角を測定したときに、前記式(X)により求められる部分楔角の変化率の最大値が15%以下である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得る際の前記第3の工程の後かつ前記第4の工程の前に、前記中間膜の前記一端の位置から前記一端と前記他端との間の中央の位置までの領域中で、離れた2箇所以上で、前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とが接触した状態になる合わせガラス用中間膜である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5の工程をこの順で経て本圧着後の中間膜を得る際の前記第3の工程の後かつ前記第4の工程の前に、前記中間膜の前記一端の位置から前記他端の位置までの領域中で、離れた3箇所以上で、前記中間膜と前記第2のガラス板とが接触した状態になる合わせガラス用中間膜である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 23℃での弾性率G’が4MPa以上である層を備える、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 23℃での弾性率G’が4MPa以上である層を表面層として備える、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 熱可塑性樹脂を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 可塑剤を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記中間膜は、熱可塑性樹脂と、前記熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対して25重量部以上、45重量部以下の含有量で可塑剤とを含む層を備える、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の層と、
前記第1の層の第1の表面側に配置された第2の層とを備える、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第2の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低い、請求項10に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第2の層が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含み、
前記第1の層が、可塑剤を含み、
前記第2の層が、可塑剤を含み、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層中の前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第2の層中の前記可塑剤の含有量よりも多い、請求項10又は11に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に配置された中間膜部とを備え、
前記中間膜部が、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜により形成されている、合わせガラス。
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