JPWO2013150908A1 - Light guiding device and lighting device - Google Patents

Light guiding device and lighting device Download PDF

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JPWO2013150908A1
JPWO2013150908A1 JP2014509106A JP2014509106A JPWO2013150908A1 JP WO2013150908 A1 JPWO2013150908 A1 JP WO2013150908A1 JP 2014509106 A JP2014509106 A JP 2014509106A JP 2014509106 A JP2014509106 A JP 2014509106A JP WO2013150908 A1 JPWO2013150908 A1 JP WO2013150908A1
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guide device
light
optical surface
light guide
light source
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孝夫 牛山
孝夫 牛山
柏木　一浩
一浩 柏木
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Kowa Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G02B6/0021—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
    • G02B6/0046—Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

反射特性を有する反射面１００１（第１の光学面）とこれに対向する発光面１００２（第２の光学面）を有し、反射面１００１に点光源２０１を収容する凹部１０１を設け、点光源２０１の最大光度が得られる照射方向が第１の面および第２の面の間の領域を向くように点光源２０１を凹部１０１内に配置する。凹部１０１の底部には反射加工１０３を反射面１００１には反射加工１０４を設け、凹部１０１近傍の領域には反射加工１０４の無い部位１０５を配置する。A reflection surface 1001 (first optical surface) having reflection characteristics and a light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface) opposite to the reflection surface 1001 are provided. The point light source 201 is disposed in the recess 101 so that the irradiation direction in which the maximum luminous intensity of 201 is obtained faces the region between the first surface and the second surface. A reflection process 103 is provided on the bottom of the recess 101, a reflection process 104 is provided on the reflection surface 1001, and a portion 105 without the reflection process 104 is disposed in a region near the recess 101.

Description

本発明はＬＥＤなどの光源の照明光を導光する導光デバイス、および該導光デバイスを用いた照明装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a light guide device that guides illumination light of a light source such as an LED, and an illumination device using the light guide device.

近年、ＬＥＤのような光源デバイスを用いた照明装置が急速に普及している。ＬＥＤは小型軽量で消費電力が小さい特徴があるが、近年ではさらにＬＥＤの高輝度化が進んでおり、ＬＥＤを照明光源に用いることにより照明効率を向上でき、しかも同じ照明光量の白熱灯や蛍光灯に比して消費電力を低減できるため注目を集めている。   In recent years, lighting apparatuses using light source devices such as LEDs have rapidly spread. LEDs are small and light and have low power consumption. However, in recent years, the brightness of LEDs has further increased, and by using LEDs as illumination light sources, the illumination efficiency can be improved. It is attracting attention because it can reduce power consumption compared to lamps.

一方で、ＬＥＤは点光源であるため、照明装置において単に点光源の照明光をそのまま対象物に照射するような構造を採用すると、対象物の周囲に鮮鋭に過ぎる影が生じたり、また照明装置がユーザ視野に入った時に眩しすぎたりして、良好な照明品質を得るのが難しい。   On the other hand, since the LED is a point light source, if a structure that simply irradiates the object with the illumination light of the point light source as it is in the illuminating device, a shadow that is too sharp occurs around the object, or the illuminating device Is too dazzling when entering the user's field of view, making it difficult to obtain good lighting quality.

このため、従来より、ＬＥＤのような点光源を室内照明に用いる場合、あるいは表示装置のバックライトなどに用いる場合でも、導光部材や拡散部材を用いてＬＥＤの照明光を面発光に変換してグレア（不快なまぶしさ、眩惑感）を低減させる工夫がなされている。   For this reason, conventionally, even when a point light source such as an LED is used for indoor lighting or a backlight of a display device, the illumination light of the LED is converted into surface light emission using a light guide member or a diffusing member. In order to reduce glare (unpleasant glare, dazzling feeling), a device has been devised.

下記の特許文献１では、液晶パネルのバックライト装置として、点光源からの出射光を拡散するレンズを用いて輝度ムラや色ムラを低減する技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 1 below discloses a technique for reducing luminance unevenness and color unevenness using a lens that diffuses light emitted from a point light source as a backlight device of a liquid crystal panel.

特許文献２では、光源を被覆するシリンドリカルレンズを用い垂直方向に凹レンズ機能を付与し、また少なくとも水平方向の一部の方向に凸レンズ機能を付与することにより均一な面状照射を可能とする技術が開示されている。   In Patent Document 2, there is a technique that enables uniform planar illumination by providing a concave lens function in the vertical direction using a cylindrical lens that covers the light source, and by providing a convex lens function in at least a part of the horizontal direction. It is disclosed.

特許文献３では、アレイ光源用光学素子を用い、コリメータレンズを用いた面状の薄型の発光装置が開示されている。   Patent Document 3 discloses a planar thin light-emitting device using an optical element for an array light source and using a collimator lens.

また、特許文献４では、ＬＥＤ基板を覆うレンズ部を有し、このレンズ部は上部の中央部分に溝が形成されたドーム形状または半円筒形状になっており、光の指向性を側方向に広げるようになっている。   Moreover, in patent document 4, it has a lens part which covers a LED board, and this lens part is the dome shape or semi-cylinder shape by which the groove | channel was formed in the center part of the upper part, and the directivity of light is set to the side direction It is designed to spread.

特許文献５には、ＬＥＤの発光面の向きが設置される道路面と垂直になるように配置された自発光式道路鋲が開示されている。   Patent Document 5 discloses a self-luminous road fence disposed so that the direction of the light emitting surface of the LED is perpendicular to the road surface on which the LED is installed.

特開２００９−１９２９１５号公報JP 2009-192915 A 特開２００６−２８６６０８号公報JP 2006-286608 A 特開２０１０−０４０２９６号公報JP 2010-040296 A 特開２０１１−１５５２６２号公報JP 2011-155262 A 特開２００１−１７６３１７号公報JP 2001-176317 A

上述の従来技術では、ＬＥＤのような点光源からの出射光を拡散したり反射させたりする光学部材を導光材料として用い、輝度ムラ・色ムラのないバックライトや照明装置、道路表示装置などを実現している。   In the above-described conventional technology, an optical member that diffuses or reflects light emitted from a point light source such as an LED is used as a light guide material, and backlights, illumination devices, road display devices, etc. that do not have uneven brightness or color unevenness. Is realized.

しかしながら、近年では、ＬＥＤやＣＣＦＬ（冷陰極線蛍光管）のような光源デバイスの輝度は極めて大きくなりつつあり、特に面発光の照明装置では、光源の位置が粒状に透けて見えたり、それがギラつき感を生じさせたりする問題が起きやすくなっており、均一な面発光の照明光を照射するのが困難な場合があり、均一な面発光の必要な用途では特に問題となることがある。また、コリメータレンズを用いた照明装置の場合には、たとえば製造の過程でＬＥＤ光源と光学部材の位置関係が設計上の設定位置からずれてしまうとＬＥＤの直射光が容易に漏れ光となり、グレアとなってしまうような問題を生じる。   However, in recent years, the brightness of light source devices such as LEDs and CCFLs (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tubes) is becoming extremely high. In particular, in a surface emitting illumination device, the position of the light source can be seen through in a granular manner, which is glaring. Problems that cause a feeling of touch are likely to occur, and it may be difficult to irradiate illumination light with uniform surface emission, which may be particularly problematic in applications that require uniform surface emission. Further, in the case of an illumination device using a collimator lens, for example, if the positional relationship between the LED light source and the optical member deviates from the set position in the design during the manufacturing process, the direct light of the LED easily leaks and glare. The problem which becomes becomes.

本発明の課題は、導光材料の形状、およびその拡散、反射特性を適切に組合せることにより、均一で高品質な面発光照明光を照射でき、特に室内照明装置などに好適に利用できる導光デバイス、および該導光デバイスを利用した照明装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to irradiate uniform and high-quality surface-emitting illumination light by appropriately combining the shape of the light guide material and the diffusion and reflection characteristics thereof. An object of the present invention is to provide an optical device and an illumination apparatus using the light guide device.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明においては、
反射特性を付与された第１の光学面と、
第１の光学面にほぼ対向し、透過特性を付与された第２の光学面と、
内部に光源を収容するよう前記第１の光学面に形成された凹部を有し、
前記光源の光度がほぼ最大となる照射方向が第１の光学面および第２の光学面の間の領域を向くよう前記凹部内に前記光源が配置される構成を採用した。In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention,
A first optical surface provided with reflection characteristics;
A second optical surface substantially opposite to the first optical surface and provided with transmission characteristics;
A recess formed in the first optical surface to accommodate a light source therein;
A configuration is adopted in which the light source is arranged in the recess so that the irradiation direction in which the luminous intensity of the light source is substantially maximum faces the region between the first optical surface and the second optical surface.

上記構成によれば、光源の照射光の主たる照射方向が、反射特性を付与された第１の光学面と、第１の光学面にほぼ対向し透過特性を付与された第２の光学面との間の領域を向くよう、第１の光学面に設けた凹部内に前記光源を配置するようにしているため、光源近傍のグレアを低減し、また光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減し、均一で高品質な面発光の照明光を照射でき、特に室内照明装置などに好適に利用できる導光デバイス、および該導光デバイスを利用した照明装置を提供することができる。   According to the above configuration, the main irradiation direction of the irradiation light of the light source is the first optical surface provided with the reflection characteristic, and the second optical surface substantially opposed to the first optical surface and provided with the transmission characteristic. Since the light source is arranged in the concave portion provided on the first optical surface so as to face the area between the two, the phenomenon that the glare near the light source is reduced and the light source can be seen through in a granular manner. It is possible to provide a light guide device that can reduce, irradiate uniform and high-quality surface-emitting illumination light, and can be suitably used particularly for an indoor lighting device, and a lighting device using the light guide device.

本発明を採用した導光デバイスの構造を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the light guide device which employ | adopted this invention. 本発明を採用した導光デバイスの光学特性を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the optical characteristic of the light guide device which employ | adopted this invention. 本発明を採用した導光デバイスの光学特性を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the optical characteristic of the light guide device which employ | adopted this invention. 本発明を採用した導光デバイスの光学特性を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the optical characteristic of the light guide device which employ | adopted this invention. 本発明を採用した照明装置の主要部の構造を示した分解斜視図である。It is the disassembled perspective view which showed the structure of the principal part of the illuminating device which employ | adopted this invention. 本発明を採用した導光デバイスの異なる構造を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the different structure of the light guide device which employ | adopted this invention. 図４の導光デバイスに対して光源を実装した回路基板を装着する構造の一例を示した分解斜視図である。FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a structure for mounting a circuit board on which a light source is mounted on the light guide device of FIG. 4.

以下、図面に示す一実施例に基づいて本発明を実施するに好適な形態につき説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

図１〜図３に本発明を採用した導光デバイスおよびその導光デバイスを用いた照明装置の実施例を示す。   1 to 3 show an embodiment of a light guide device employing the present invention and an illumination apparatus using the light guide device.

本実施例の導光デバイス１００は、透明アクリルなどの材料を射出成型、塑性加工（押出成型）、あるいは削り出しおよび研磨のような手法を用いて、平面ないしは曲面の組合せで構成された全体としてはほぼ板状の形状を有し、その１面（図１下部では紙面の手前側の面、図１上部の各拡大図示においては左側に図示した面１００１）の中央部に光源（後述の２０１）を収容するための凹部１０１を形成したものである。   The light guide device 100 of the present embodiment as a whole is composed of a combination of flat surfaces or curved surfaces by using a method such as injection molding, plastic processing (extrusion molding), or cutting and polishing a material such as transparent acrylic. Has a substantially plate-like shape, and a light source (201 described later) is provided at the center of one surface thereof (the front surface of the paper in the lower part of FIG. 1, the surface 1001 illustrated on the left side in each enlarged illustration of the upper part of FIG. 1). ) Is formed.

本実施例の導光デバイス１００は、上記の凹部１０１が形成された光学面１００１と、この面に対向する光学面１００２の２つの光学面を有する。   The light guide device 100 of the present embodiment has two optical surfaces: an optical surface 1001 in which the concave portion 101 is formed, and an optical surface 1002 facing the surface.

このうち、凹部１０１が形成された光学面１００１は、後述の発光面１００２に対向し、主に光反射特性が強くなるように構成する。以後、導光デバイス１００の面１００１は、便宜上、反射面１００１として言及する。また、第２の光学面である発光面１００２は、その機能から当然ながら、主に透過特性が強くなるように構成する。   Among these, the optical surface 1001 in which the concave portion 101 is formed is configured to face a light emitting surface 1002, which will be described later, and to have mainly strong light reflection characteristics. Hereinafter, the surface 1001 of the light guide device 100 is referred to as a reflective surface 1001 for convenience. In addition, the light emitting surface 1002 as the second optical surface is configured so that the transmission characteristics are mainly strong as a matter of course from the function thereof.

ここで、光源２０１はたとえばＬＥＤのような点光源であり、本実施例では光源２０１は回路基板２００、２００に平面実装されるＬＥＤデバイスであるものとし、以下光源２０１については「点光源」として言及するが、この点光源（２０１）は必ずしもＬＥＤを意味するものではない。たとえば、本実施例において用いることができる光源（２０１）は、ＣＣＦＬなどのように発光部が（その断面においては）「点」に近いと考えて差しつかえない小さな体積（断面においては面積）の範囲に集中しており、その発光部から放射状に強い照明光を照射する光源デバイスであれば該当する。   Here, the light source 201 is, for example, a point light source such as an LED. In this embodiment, the light source 201 is an LED device that is mounted in a plane on the circuit boards 200, 200. Hereinafter, the light source 201 is referred to as a “point light source”. As mentioned, this point light source (201) does not necessarily mean an LED. For example, the light source (201) that can be used in the present embodiment has a small volume (area in the cross section) that the light emitting part can be considered to be close to a “point” (in the cross section), such as CCFL. A light source device that is concentrated in the range and emits illumination light that is radially strong from the light emitting portion is applicable.

また、平面実装ＬＥＤデバイスのような点光源（２０１）の場合には、その主たる照射方向、すなわち、設計／仕様上、あるいは実測上、光源の照射光によって得られる光度がほぼ最大となる照射方向が決まっている場合が多く、そして、この方向（最大光度方向）は平面実装ＬＥＤの場合、基板実装状態ではデバイス中心を通り回路基板２００に垂直な方向となる場合が多い。   Further, in the case of a point light source (201) such as a surface mount LED device, the main irradiation direction, that is, the irradiation direction in which the light intensity obtained from the irradiation light of the light source is almost maximized in terms of design / specifications or measurement. This direction (maximum luminous intensity direction) is often the direction perpendicular to the circuit board 200 through the center of the device when mounted on a substrate in the case of a planar mounted LED.

あるいは、設計／仕様上、最大光度が得られる照射方向が保証されていないか、発光部を中心に半球状（あるいは球状）に同一照明光強度の範囲が均一に分布するような理想的な点光源特性に近い配光特性を有するような光源デバイスであっても、図示のように回路基板２００に平面実装した場合には、背面の回路基板２００の反射などの条件を考慮すると、便宜上、光源デバイスの最大光度が得られる「主たる照射方向」はデバイス中心を通り回路基板２００に垂直な方向にほぼ一致する、と考えてよい。   Or, the design / specification does not guarantee the irradiation direction that can obtain the maximum luminous intensity, or it is an ideal point where the same illumination light intensity range is uniformly distributed in a hemisphere (or spherical shape) around the light emitting part. Even if the light source device has a light distribution characteristic close to the light source characteristic, when it is mounted on the circuit board 200 as shown in FIG. It may be considered that the “main irradiation direction” at which the maximum luminous intensity of the device is obtained substantially coincides with the direction perpendicular to the circuit board 200 through the center of the device.

そして、本実施例では、点光源２０１の実装状態において、その主たる照射方向、すなわち、点光源２０１の最大光度が得られる照射方向が導光デバイス１００の第１の光学面（１００１）と第２の光学面（１００２）の間の領域を向くよう、導光デバイス１００が構成される。   In this embodiment, in the mounted state of the point light source 201, the main irradiation direction, that is, the irradiation direction in which the maximum luminous intensity of the point light source 201 is obtained is the first optical surface (1001) and the second optical surface of the light guide device 100. The light guide device 100 is configured so as to face the region between the optical surfaces (1002).

すなわち、光源２０１を保持する保持部材としての回路基板２００、２００は、図３および図２に示すように本実施例では溝状に形成された凹部１０１内に２枚配置される。そして、回路基板２００、２００には、ほぼ等距離で点光源２０１、２０１…を多数配置されており、各基板の点光源２０１の最大光度が得られる照射方向（たとえば、上記の点光源２０１、２０１…の中心を通り回路基板２００、２００と垂直な方向：以下「主たる照射方向」として言及する）がそれぞれ凹部１０１の壁面を向くように回路基板２００、２００が配置される。   That is, two circuit boards 200 and 200 as holding members for holding the light source 201 are disposed in a recess 101 formed in a groove shape in this embodiment as shown in FIGS. In the circuit boards 200, 200, a large number of point light sources 201, 201,... Are arranged at approximately equal distances, and the irradiation direction (for example, the above point light source 201, The circuit boards 200, 200 are arranged so that the direction perpendicular to the circuit boards 200, 200 through the center of 201... (Hereinafter referred to as “main irradiation direction”) faces the wall surface of the recess 101.

本実施例の導光デバイス１００の発光面（１００２）は図１下部では紙面の奥側の面に相当し、図１上部の各拡大図示においては右側に図示した面１００２であり、上記のような光源配置によって点光源２０１、２０１…の主たる照射方向は反射面１００１と発光面１００２の中間の領域を向いており、導光デバイス１００の発光面１００２の照射方向（発光面１００２の面発光方向、図１上部の拡大図で拡散板１１０の面に垂直な直線方向）に対してはほぼ９０°の角度をなすものとなる。   The light emitting surface (1002) of the light guide device 100 of the present embodiment corresponds to the back surface of the paper in the lower part of FIG. 1, and is the surface 1002 shown on the right side in each enlarged illustration of the upper part of FIG. The main light emitting direction of the point light sources 201, 201... Is directed to an intermediate region between the reflecting surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002, and the light emitting surface 1002 irradiation direction of the light guide device 100 (the surface emitting direction of the light emitting surface 1002). In the enlarged view of the upper part of FIG. 1, an angle of approximately 90 ° is formed with respect to the linear direction perpendicular to the surface of the diffusion plate 110.

上記のような光源配置によって、本実施例の導光デバイス１００は、全体としては点光源２０１、２０１…の照明光を拡散して発光面１００２から照射する。   With the light source arrangement as described above, the light guide device 100 according to the present embodiment diffuses the illumination light of the point light sources 201, 201.

なお、設計／仕様上、あるいは実測において、光源２０１の主たる照射方向、すなわち最大光度が得られる照射方向が、上記の点光源２０１の中心を通り回路基板２００と垂直な方向とは異なる場合には、最大光度が得られる照射方向が反射面１００１と発光面１００２の中間領域を向くように導光デバイス１００に対する回路基板２００の向きや点光源２０１の実装姿勢などが調整されるのはもちろんである。   In the design / specification or actual measurement, when the main irradiation direction of the light source 201, that is, the irradiation direction in which the maximum luminous intensity is obtained is different from the direction perpendicular to the circuit board 200 through the center of the point light source 201. Of course, the orientation of the circuit board 200 with respect to the light guide device 100 and the mounting posture of the point light source 201 are adjusted so that the irradiation direction in which the maximum luminous intensity is obtained faces the intermediate region between the reflecting surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002. .

導光デバイス１００全体の断面形状は任意であり、たとえば図１の上部に拡大状態で符号Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃにより示すような断面形状が考えられる。断面形状Ａ〜Ｃはそれぞれ溝状の凹部１０１の片側のみを示しているが、もちろん不図示の側（図の下側）も凹部１０１の中心に対して対称な形状となっているものとする。   The cross-sectional shape of the entire light guide device 100 is arbitrary, and for example, cross-sectional shapes as indicated by reference signs A, B, and C in an enlarged state in the upper part of FIG. Each of the cross-sectional shapes A to C shows only one side of the groove-like recess 101, but of course the side not shown (the lower side in the figure) is also symmetrical with respect to the center of the recess 101. .

このうち、断面形状Ａは導光デバイス１００を最も単純な平板状に構成した構造である。この断面構造では、反射面１００１と発光面１００２は平行になっている。   Among these, the cross-sectional shape A is the structure which comprised the light guide device 100 in the simplest flat form. In this cross-sectional structure, the reflecting surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002 are parallel.

また、断面形状Ｂは反射面１００１とそれに対向する発光面１００２を曲面（円筒面）とし、特に発光面１００２よりも反射面１００１の曲率を大きくとった構造である。   The cross-sectional shape B is a structure in which the reflecting surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002 facing the reflecting surface 1001 are curved surfaces (cylindrical surfaces), and the curvature of the reflecting surface 1001 is particularly larger than that of the light emitting surface 1002.

断面形状Ｃの場合は、反射面１００１および発光面１００２を曲面とし、逆に反射面１００１よりも発光面１００２の曲率を大きくとり、しかも凹部１０１の両側においてそれぞれが互いに不連続な異なる円筒面形状を有する、いわゆるガルウィング形状としたものである。   In the case of the cross-sectional shape C, the reflecting surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002 are curved, and conversely, the curvature of the light emitting surface 1002 is larger than that of the reflecting surface 1001, and the cylindrical surfaces are different from each other on both sides of the recess 101. It has what is called a gull wing shape.

ここまで導光デバイス１００の２面は、便宜上、反射面１００１および発光面１００２として言及してきたが、導光デバイス１００を構成する特定の形状を有するアクリルなどの材料の空気との界面においては、材料内部を進行してきた光線は該界面となす角度によって屈折、透過、拡散、（全）反射などのように異なる光学作用を生じる。   Up to this point, the two surfaces of the light guide device 100 have been referred to as the reflective surface 1001 and the light emitting surface 1002 for convenience, but at the interface with air of a material such as acrylic having a specific shape that constitutes the light guide device 100, The light rays that have traveled inside the material have different optical effects such as refraction, transmission, diffusion, and (total) reflection depending on the angle with the interface.

この点を考慮し、導光デバイス１００の反射面１００１は、好ましくは発光面１００２への反射効率を向上させるため、前記のように反射特性が強くなるように構成する。このため反射面１００１には反射加工１０４を行なう。   Considering this point, the reflection surface 1001 of the light guide device 100 is preferably configured to have a strong reflection characteristic as described above in order to improve the reflection efficiency to the light emitting surface 1002. Therefore, the reflection processing 104 is performed on the reflection surface 1001.

この反射加工１０４は、反射面１００１に対する塗装、反射面１００１に対する印刷、または反射面１００１に対する表面加工などにより行ない、これにより反射面１００１の反射特性を向上させる。そしてこの反射加工１０４は、図１に符号１０４ａによりそれぞれ示すように、反射面１００１のみならず導光デバイス１００の側面にまで及ぶのが望ましく、これによって、導光デバイス１００中央に反射する光量を増やし、導光デバイス１００の端部で発光量が低下しがちになるのを防止することができる。   The reflection processing 104 is performed by painting on the reflection surface 1001, printing on the reflection surface 1001, or surface processing on the reflection surface 1001, thereby improving the reflection characteristics of the reflection surface 1001. The reflection processing 104 preferably extends not only to the reflection surface 1001 but also to the side surface of the light guide device 100 as shown by reference numeral 104a in FIG. It is possible to prevent the light emission amount from being apt to decrease at the end portion of the light guide device 100.

なお、この反射加工１０４は、必ずしも反射面１００１の全体に渡り施す必要はなく、むしろ点光源２０１を収容する凹部１０１の近傍においては反射加工の無い部位（１０５、１０５）を形成する方が好ましい。この点については後で詳述する。   Note that the reflection processing 104 does not necessarily have to be applied to the entire reflection surface 1001, but it is preferable to form portions (105, 105) without reflection processing in the vicinity of the concave portion 101 that accommodates the point light source 201. . This point will be described in detail later.

また、凹部１０１の底部には、反射加工１０４と同等の反射加工１０３を施すのが好ましい場合がある（特に後述の拡散板１１０を配置した構成が該当する）。この点についても後で詳述する。   Further, it may be preferable to apply a reflection process 103 equivalent to the reflection process 104 to the bottom of the recess 101 (particularly, a configuration in which a later-described diffuser plate 110 is disposed corresponds). This point will also be described in detail later.

一方、発光面１００２は、透過特性が強い光学面とするため、たとえばアクリルなどの材質を（鏡面）研磨するなどの加工を行ない、透明度が高くなるよう構成する。   On the other hand, since the light emitting surface 1002 is an optical surface having strong transmission characteristics, for example, a material such as acrylic (mirror surface) is polished to increase transparency.

図２ａ、図２ｂ、図２ｃは、点光源２０１の代表的な照射光線の振舞いを模式的に示している。なお、ここでは図１の断面形状Ｂの場合の例のみを示しているが、断面形状Ｂよりも各面１００１、１００２の曲率の小さい（曲率のない）断面形状Ａおよび曲率の大きい断面形状Ｃにおいても、点光源２０１の照射光線の振舞いは反射や屈折の角度が異なるのみでほぼ同等と考えてよい。   2a, 2b, and 2c schematically show typical irradiation light behavior of the point light source 201. FIG. Here, only the example in the case of the cross-sectional shape B of FIG. 1 is shown, but the cross-sectional shape A having a smaller curvature (no curvature) and a larger curvature C of each surface 1001, 1002 than the cross-sectional shape B. In this case, the behavior of the irradiation light beam of the point light source 201 may be considered to be almost the same with only the reflection and refraction angles being different.

図２ａ、図２ｂ、図２ｃに示すように、導光デバイス１００内部において、点光源２０１を出射した光線は反射ｐ、全反射ｑ、透過ｒ、屈折（および透過）ｓのような光学作用を生じ、最終的に発光面１００２から照射される。   As shown in FIGS. 2 a, 2 b, and 2 c, inside the light guide device 100, the light emitted from the point light source 201 has optical effects such as reflection p, total reflection q, transmission r, and refraction (and transmission) s. It is generated and finally irradiated from the light emitting surface 1002.

図２ａ、図２ｂ、図２ｃでは、ごく少ない代表的な光線の行跡のみを、しかも導光デバイス１００の１断面のみに限定して示したが、点光源２０１から出射した光線は凹部１０１の壁面から導光デバイス１００に入射してあらゆる方向に進み、各界面において複雑かつランダムな反射ｐ、全反射ｑ、透過ｒ、屈折（および透過）ｓのような光学作用を生じるため、導光デバイス１００全体としてはいわゆる照明光の拡散作用を生じ、これにより発光面１００２からほぼ均一な面発光の照明光を照射することができる。   In FIGS. 2 a, 2 b, and 2 c, only a few representative light ray traces are shown and limited to only one cross section of the light guide device 100, but the light emitted from the point light source 201 is the wall surface of the recess 101. Enters the light guide device 100 and travels in all directions, and causes optical actions such as complex and random reflection p, total reflection q, transmission r, refraction (and transmission) s at each interface. As a whole, a so-called diffusing action of illumination light is generated, and thereby illumination light with substantially uniform surface emission can be irradiated from the light emitting surface 1002.

そして、本実施例では、点光源２０１の主たる照射方向が発光面１００２とそれに対向する反射面１００１の間の領域に向くように点光源２０１を配置している。あるいは、この点光源２０１の主たる照射方向は、発光面１００２と平行である（ないしは発光面１００２の照射方向とは交差する）ということもできる。   In this embodiment, the point light source 201 is arranged so that the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 is directed to a region between the light emitting surface 1002 and the reflecting surface 1001 facing it. Alternatively, it can be said that the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 is parallel to the light emitting surface 1002 (or intersects with the irradiation direction of the light emitting surface 1002).

要するに、本実施例の特徴は、導光デバイス１００の中央の凹部１０１内に配置した点光源２０１の主たる照射方向が発光面１００２の最終的な照射方向とは一致していない（あるいは交差している）、という点にある。   In short, the feature of the present embodiment is that the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 disposed in the central recess 101 of the light guide device 100 does not match (or intersects) the final irradiation direction of the light emitting surface 1002. Is).

このような構成によると、近年の発光量の大きいＬＥＤのような点光源であっても、各点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような不体裁を生じる可能性が低くなり、発光面１００２から均一で高品質な面発光の照明光を照射することができる。   According to such a configuration, even a point light source such as an LED having a large amount of light emission in recent years produces glare in the vicinity of each point light source 201, 201..., Or the point light source passes through the light emitting surface 1002 in a granular manner. Therefore, it is possible to irradiate the light emitting surface 1002 with uniform and high-quality surface emitting illumination light.

なお、図３は導光デバイス１００を用いて照明装置を構成する際の基本構造例を示しており、導光デバイス１００の下部に導光デバイス１００に面して拡散板１１０を配置してある。   FIG. 3 shows an example of a basic structure when an illuminating device is configured using the light guide device 100, and a diffusion plate 110 is disposed below the light guide device 100 so as to face the light guide device 100. .

拡散板１１０は、たとえば乳白色アクリル板などの拡散特性の強い材料から構成するもので、拡散板１１０を配置することによって、各点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象をより確実に防止することができる。   The diffusing plate 110 is made of a material having strong diffusing characteristics such as a milky white acrylic plate. By arranging the diffusing plate 110, dazzling glare is generated in the vicinity of each of the point light sources 201, 201. It is possible to more reliably prevent a phenomenon that can be seen through in a granular manner.

拡散板１１０が平板状のものである場合、発光面１００２に密着させて配置してもよいが、図１の断面形状Ａのように発光面１００２が平面である場合には図３に示すように少し離して配置することが考えられる。   When the diffusing plate 110 has a flat plate shape, it may be disposed in close contact with the light emitting surface 1002, but when the light emitting surface 1002 is a flat surface as in the cross-sectional shape A of FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. It is conceivable to arrange them slightly apart.

このように拡散板１１０を発光面１００２からわずかに離間させて配置すると、両者の間の空気層によって拡散板１１０と発光面１００２を密着させるよりも拡散効果が高くなり、発光面１００２において点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象をより効果的に軽減することができる。   If the diffusing plate 110 is arranged slightly spaced from the light emitting surface 1002 in this way, the diffusion effect becomes higher than the case where the diffusing plate 110 and the light emitting surface 1002 are brought into close contact with each other by the air layer between them. It is possible to more effectively reduce a phenomenon in which bright glare occurs in the vicinity of 201, 201..., And a point light source can be seen through the light emitting surface 1002 in a granular manner.

また、図１の断面形状Ｂ、Ｃのように発光面１００２が曲面である場合にも平板状の拡散板１１０を用いることができ、その場合は図１にそれぞれ示すように導光デバイス１００の端縁において発光面１００２と接し、点光源２０１、２０１…の配置された中央部においてはわずかに離間するような配置にするとよい。この構成では、全体に渡り一様な拡散特性を有する平板状の拡散板１１０を用いたとしても、導光デバイス１００の中央部では発光面１００２と拡散板１１０の間に空気層によって、この領域では発光面１００２と拡散板１１０が接する両端縁の領域よりも拡散性を強く作用させることができるため発光面１００２全体に渡って均一な発光特性を得たい場合に都合がよい。   Further, even when the light emitting surface 1002 is a curved surface as in the cross-sectional shapes B and C of FIG. 1, the flat diffusion plate 110 can be used. In that case, as shown in FIG. It is advisable to dispose the light emitting surface 1002 at the edge and slightly spaced at the center where the point light sources 201, 201. In this configuration, even if a flat diffuser plate 110 having uniform diffusion characteristics is used throughout, this region is formed by an air layer between the light emitting surface 1002 and the diffuser plate 110 at the center of the light guide device 100. Then, since the diffusibility can be made to act stronger than the region of both end edges where the light emitting surface 1002 and the diffusion plate 110 are in contact, it is convenient when it is desired to obtain uniform light emission characteristics over the entire light emitting surface 1002.

ここで、導光デバイス１００の凹部１０１底部の反射加工１０３、反射面１００１の反射加工１０４の無い部位１０５（無反射加工部）につき説明する。   Here, a description will be given of a portion 105 (non-reflective processing portion) where the reflection processing 103 at the bottom of the concave portion 101 of the light guide device 100 and the reflection processing 104 of the reflection surface 1001 are not provided.

これらはいずれも各点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減するためのものである。   All of these are for reducing a phenomenon in which glare occurs in the vicinity of the point light sources 201, 201..., And the point light source is seen through the light emitting surface 1002 in a granular manner.

特に、凹部１０１底部の反射加工１０３は反射加工１０４と同等の塗装や表面加工によって形成することができる。   In particular, the reflection processing 103 at the bottom of the recess 101 can be formed by painting or surface processing equivalent to the reflection processing 104.

この反射加工１０３が無く、たとえば凹部１０１の底部が透明な場合、点光源２０１、２０１…の照射光は凹部１０１の底部付近から下方に照射される（あるいは漏光する）ことになるが、凹部１０１底部の反射加工１０３を設けて点光源２０１、２０１…の照射光を上方に反射することにより発光面１００２の下部方向に向かうのを防ぐことができる。これにより、各点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減することができる。   If there is no reflection processing 103 and the bottom of the recess 101 is transparent, for example, the light emitted from the point light sources 201, 201... Is irradiated downward (or leaks) from near the bottom of the recess 101. It is possible to prevent the light from the light emitting surface 1002 from moving downward by providing the bottom reflection processing 103 and reflecting the light emitted from the point light sources 201, 201. As a result, it is possible to reduce a phenomenon in which bright glare occurs in the vicinity of each of the point light sources 201, 201... And the point light source can be seen through the light emitting surface 1002 in a granular manner.

なお、導光デバイス１００内部で拡散することによって点光源２０１の照明光は導光デバイス１００の凹部１０１の下部領域にも廻り込むため、反射加工１０３によって凹部１０１底部を（いわば）遮光してしまっても、この部位の発光量はそれほど小さくはならない。反射加工１０３は、特に上述のように拡散板１１０を配置する場合に、発光面１００２の中心部の光源の配置領域の下の光量分布を均一化するのに役立つ。   In addition, since the illumination light of the point light source 201 travels to the lower region of the recess 101 of the light guide device 100 by diffusing inside the light guide device 100, the bottom of the recess 101 is shielded (so to speak) by the reflection processing 103. However, the amount of light emitted from this part is not so small. The reflection processing 103 is useful for making the light amount distribution under the light source arrangement region at the center of the light emitting surface 1002 uniform, particularly when the diffusion plate 110 is arranged as described above.

また、反射面１００１の反射加工１０４の無い部位１０５（無反射加工部）を溝状の凹部１０１の両側に併設するのも同じ理由で、点光源２０１、２０１…に近接した部位においては反射面１００１の反射特性を小さくして、発光面１００２の下部方向に向かう光量を減少させる。これにより、点光源２０１、２０１…の照射光が点光源２０１、２０１…を配置した凹部１０１近傍で大きくなりすぎるのを防ぐことができ、各点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍で眩しいグレアを生じたり、発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減することができる。   Further, for the same reason, a portion 105 (non-reflective processing portion) without the reflection processing 104 of the reflection surface 1001 is provided on both sides of the groove-shaped recess 101. The reflection characteristic of 1001 is made small, and the amount of light going toward the lower part of the light emitting surface 1002 is reduced. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the irradiation light of the point light sources 201, 201... From becoming too large in the vicinity of the concave portion 101 where the point light sources 201, 201. Or a phenomenon in which the point light source can be seen through the light emitting surface 1002 in a granular manner can be reduced.

ここで、点光源２０１、２０１…を多数配置した回路基板２００の実装構造につき詳細に説明しておく。   Here, the mounting structure of the circuit board 200 in which a large number of point light sources 201, 201... Are arranged will be described in detail.

先に触れたように、点光源２０１、２０１…は回路基板２００、２００に多数、周期的に配列し、回路基板２００、２００を導光デバイス１００の凹部の内部側壁に面するように立設する（回路基板２００、２００の固定方法の一例については後述する）。   As previously mentioned, a large number of point light sources 201, 201... Are periodically arranged on the circuit boards 200, 200, and the circuit boards 200, 200 are erected so as to face the inner side walls of the recesses of the light guide device 100. (An example of a method for fixing the circuit boards 200 and 200 will be described later).

このとき、回路基板２００、２００と点光源２０１、２０１…が形成する段差に沿った形状で凹部１０１の側壁の下端に段差を設けておくと、回路基板２００、２００（したがって点光源２０１、２０１…）を設計上の位置に正確に位置決めすることができる。   At this time, if a step is provided at the lower end of the side wall of the recess 101 in a shape along the step formed by the circuit boards 200, 200 and the point light sources 201, 201..., The circuit boards 200, 200 (and thus the point light sources 201, 201). ...) can be accurately positioned at the design position.

また、回路基板２００、２００を導光デバイス１００に固定するには、たとえば図４および図５に示すような構造を用いることができる。   Moreover, in order to fix the circuit boards 200 and 200 to the light guide device 100, for example, a structure as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used.

図４および図５に示す導光デバイス１００は、点光源２０１を収容する溝状の凹部１０１の縁部を壁状に延長した形状に成型（射出、押出または削り出し成型による）してあり、この部分を点光源２０１を保持する回路基板２００、２００を固定するための保持部１０６、１０６としたものである。   The light guide device 100 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is molded into a shape obtained by extending the edge of the groove-shaped recess 101 that accommodates the point light source 201 into a wall shape (by injection, extrusion, or machining), This portion is used as holding portions 106 and 106 for fixing the circuit boards 200 and 200 that hold the point light source 201.

このような保持部１０６、１０６を設けておくことにより、図５に示すように回路基板２００、２００をビス３０２、ナット３０３などを用いて固定することができる。ビス３０２、ナット３０３は、回路基板２００、２００の上方への抜け止めとして機能するが、回路基板２００、２００の間隔は、回路基板２００、２００の間にスペーサ部材（不図示）などを配置することなどにより、規制することができる。このスペーサ部材は、基板の放熱部材を兼ねていてもよい。   By providing such holding portions 106, 106, the circuit boards 200, 200 can be fixed using screws 302, nuts 303, and the like as shown in FIG. The screw 302 and the nut 303 function as an upward stopper for the circuit boards 200 and 200, and a spacer member (not shown) or the like is arranged between the circuit boards 200 and 200. It can be regulated by things. The spacer member may also serve as a heat dissipation member for the substrate.

なお、図４においては、ビス３０２、ナット３０３、ないしはそのための透孔などは不図示であるが、たとえば保持部１０６、１０６の端部の２点、あるいはそれに中央を加えた３点に透孔を設け、回路基板２００、２００の対応する位置にそれぞれ設けた透孔を貫通するようビス３０２、ナット３０３によるねじ止めを行なうことができる。   In FIG. 4, the screw 302, the nut 303, or the through hole therefor are not shown, but for example, the two holes at the ends of the holding portions 106, 106, or three points with the center added thereto, And screwing with screws 302 and nuts 303 can be performed so as to penetrate through holes provided at corresponding positions on the circuit boards 200 and 200, respectively.

また、保持部１０６、１０６は、導光デバイス１００と、該デバイスが実装される照明装置の筐体などを相互に結合するためにも利用することができる。たとえば、上記のビス３０２、ナット３０３を用いて照明装置の筐体に設けたブラケット（不図示）を共締めする、といった構造によって、導光デバイス１００と照明装置筐体を相互に結合することができる。   The holding units 106 and 106 can also be used to couple the light guide device 100 and a housing of a lighting device in which the device is mounted to each other. For example, the light guide device 100 and the lighting device casing can be coupled to each other by a structure in which the above-described screw 302 and nut 303 are used to fasten a bracket (not shown) provided on the casing of the lighting device. it can.

なお、図４、図５に示したように壁状の保持部１０６、１０６は、反射加工１０４、１０４の無い部位１０５、１０５（無反射加工部）、好ましくは溝状の凹部１０１に最も近い位置が好ましい。保持部１０６、１０６のような構造を有する部位には反射加工を行なうのは困難であるから、このような位置に保持部１０６、１０６を配置することにより、反射加工１０４、１０４の無い部位１０５、１０５を有効利用することができる。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the wall-shaped holding portions 106, 106 are closest to the portions 105, 105 (non-reflective processing portions) without the reflection processing 104, 104, preferably the groove-shaped recess 101. Position is preferred. Since it is difficult to perform reflection processing on a portion having a structure such as the holding portions 106 and 106, the portion 105 without the reflection processing 104 and 104 is provided by arranging the holding portions 106 and 106 at such positions. , 105 can be used effectively.

また、壁状の保持部１０６、１０６を凹部１０１の縁部に（近い位置に）立設すれば、図５のような固定方式で回路基板２００、２００を固定するのに壁状の保持部１０６、１０６どうしの距離が近くなり、たとえば充分な固定強度を容易に確保することができる。   Further, if the wall-shaped holding portions 106 and 106 are erected on the edge of the concave portion 101 (close to the position), the wall-shaped holding portion is used to fix the circuit boards 200 and 200 by the fixing method as shown in FIG. For example, a sufficient fixing strength can be easily ensured.

以上のようにして、本実施例によれば、導光材料の形状、およびその拡散、反射特性を適切に組合せることにより、均斉度の高い高品質な面発光の照明光を照射でき、特に室内照明装置などに好適に利用できる導光デバイスを提供することができ、また該導光デバイスを利用することにより、高品質な面発光による照明光を照射できる照明装置を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, by appropriately combining the shape of the light guide material, and its diffusion and reflection characteristics, it is possible to irradiate high-quality surface emitting illumination light with high uniformity. A light guide device that can be suitably used for an interior lighting device or the like can be provided, and by using the light guide device, an illumination device that can emit illumination light by high-quality surface light emission can be provided.

特に、反射特性を有する反射面１００１（第１の光学面）とこれに対向する発光面１００２（第２の光学面）を有し、反射面１００１に点光源２０１を収容する凹部１０１を設け、点光源２０１の主たる照射方向が第１の面および第２の面の間の領域を向くように点光源２０１を凹部１０１内に配置するようにしたため、たとえば点光源２０１の主たる照射方向を発光面１００２に向けるような従来構成において生じがちな点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍のグレアを低減し、また発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減することができる。   In particular, a reflective surface 1001 (first optical surface) having reflective characteristics and a light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface) opposite to the reflective surface 1001 are provided, and a concave portion 101 for accommodating the point light source 201 is provided on the reflective surface 1001. Since the point light source 201 is arranged in the recess 101 so that the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 faces the region between the first surface and the second surface, for example, the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 is set to the light emitting surface. The glare in the vicinity of the point light sources 201, 201... That tends to occur in the conventional configuration directed toward 1002 can be reduced, and the phenomenon that the point light source can be seen through in a granular manner from the light emitting surface 1002 can be reduced.

また、導光デバイス１００を用いて照明装置を構成する場合、発光面１００２下部に拡散板１１０を配置することによって、点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍のグレアを低減し、また発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象をより確実に軽減することができる。   When the light guide device 100 is used to form a lighting device, the diffusing plate 110 is disposed below the light emitting surface 1002 to reduce glare in the vicinity of the point light sources 201, 201. The phenomenon that the light source can be seen through in a granular manner can be more reliably reduced.

また、反射面１００１（第１の光学面）の反射特性は、反射加工１０４、すなわち、反射面１００１に対する塗装、反射面１００１に対する印刷、または反射面１００１に対する表面加工などによって容易に付与、あるいは増強することができる。発光面１００２（第２の光学面）は、基本的には研磨加工（鏡面研磨）などによって透過面としておけばよい。   Further, the reflection characteristics of the reflection surface 1001 (first optical surface) can be easily imparted or enhanced by reflection processing 104, that is, painting on the reflection surface 1001, printing on the reflection surface 1001, or surface processing on the reflection surface 1001. can do. The light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface) may basically be a transmission surface by polishing (mirror polishing) or the like.

また、反射加工１０４の無い部位１０５を点光源２０１を収容する凹部１０１の近傍に配置することによって、点光源２０１、２０１…の近傍のグレアを低減し、また発光面１００２から点光源が粒状に透けて見えるような現象を軽減することができる。   Further, by disposing the portion 105 without the reflection processing 104 in the vicinity of the concave portion 101 that accommodates the point light source 201, glare in the vicinity of the point light sources 201, 201... Is reduced, and the point light source is made granular from the light emitting surface 1002. The phenomenon that can be seen through can be reduced.

また、反射加工１０４の無い部位１０５を利用して、点光源の保持部材ないし導光デバイスが実装される照明装置筐体を固定するための保持部を設けることができる。   In addition, a holding portion for fixing a lighting device casing on which a light source holding member or a light guide device is mounted can be provided by using the portion 105 without the reflection processing 104.

なお、反射面１００１（第１の光学面）も発光面１００２（第２の光学面）と同等の研磨加工（鏡面研磨）とし、導光デバイス１００全体を鏡面に仕上げ、導光デバイス１００内の（ランダムな）全反射を利用して発光面１００２からの均一な照射を行なう構成も考えられる。特に、このような構造では、図１の断面形状Ｂ、Ｃのように反射面１００１（第１の光学面）と発光面１００２（第２の光学面）を曲面で構成し、これらの鏡面の形状を種々設定することにより、所望の配光特性を実現することができる。   The reflecting surface 1001 (first optical surface) is also polished (mirror polishing) equivalent to the light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface), and the entire light guide device 100 is mirror-finished. A configuration in which uniform irradiation from the light emitting surface 1002 is performed using (random) total reflection is also conceivable. In particular, in such a structure, the reflecting surface 1001 (first optical surface) and the light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface) are configured by curved surfaces as in the cross-sectional shapes B and C of FIG. Desired light distribution characteristics can be realized by setting various shapes.

また、反射面１００１（第１の光学面）と発光面１００２（第２の光学面）の双方に同等の研磨加工（鏡面研磨）を行なう構成においては、図３に示した拡散板１１０を配置することが点光源２０１近傍でのグレアを防止する上で重要な構造となる。ただし意図的に導光デバイス１００の中央から周辺にかけての光量分布が均等ではない配光特性を狙う、といった用途では拡散板１１０は必ずしも必須な構造ではない。   Further, in a configuration in which equivalent polishing processing (mirror polishing) is performed on both the reflecting surface 1001 (first optical surface) and the light emitting surface 1002 (second optical surface), the diffusion plate 110 shown in FIG. 3 is arranged. This is an important structure for preventing glare in the vicinity of the point light source 201. However, the diffuser plate 110 is not necessarily an essential structure for purposes such as intentionally aiming at a light distribution characteristic in which the light amount distribution from the center to the periphery of the light guide device 100 is not uniform.

本実施例の導光デバイス１００は点光源２０１の主たる照射方向と発光面１００２の照射方向とが一致しないよう配慮されており、導光デバイス１００の（全）反射、透過、あるいは屈折といったランダムな事象により全体として生じる拡散効果により面発光の照明光を生成するよう構成されており、たとえば点光源２０１、ないし点光源２０１を実装した回路基板２００が、組立工程において多少の位置ずれがあっても、完成品の照明装置はグレアを発生させることなく均斉度の高い面発光照明装置を実現することができる。   In the light guide device 100 of the present embodiment, consideration is given so that the main irradiation direction of the point light source 201 and the irradiation direction of the light emitting surface 1002 do not coincide with each other, and random such as (total) reflection, transmission, or refraction of the light guide device 100. It is configured to generate surface-emitting illumination light by the diffusion effect generated as a whole by the event. For example, even if the circuit board 200 on which the point light source 201 or the point light source 201 is mounted is slightly misaligned in the assembly process. The finished lighting device can realize a surface emitting lighting device with high uniformity without generating glare.

また、本実施例の導光デバイス１００は、全体を任意のサイズの概略板状の部材に構成することができ、たとえば旧来の直管型蛍光灯を設置しているスペースに置き換えて取り付け可能な照明器具に用いることができるような寸法、形状に構成することは容易であり、また、たとえばその長手方向に直列に連続的に配置することが可能で、照明装置の長さの変更も容易である。   Further, the light guide device 100 of the present embodiment can be configured as a substantially plate-like member of an arbitrary size as a whole, and can be mounted by replacing with a space in which a conventional straight tube fluorescent lamp is installed, for example. It is easy to configure in a size and shape that can be used for a lighting fixture, and for example, it can be continuously arranged in series in the longitudinal direction, and the length of the lighting device can be easily changed. is there.

なお、上述の導光デバイス１００において、反射加工１０３や、反射加工１０４およびそれが無い部位１０５の配置、あるいは拡散板の配置などは、発光面１００２から均一な面発光を行なうために有効なものであるが、たとえば点光源２０１の存在を知覚できるように照明を行なう、などといった特別な照明効果を狙う場合においては必ずしも必須の構成ではなく、当業者において必要な所期の照明効果に応じて取捨選択することができるものである。   In the above-described light guide device 100, the arrangement of the reflection processing 103, the reflection processing 104 and the portion 105 without the reflection processing, or the arrangement of the diffusion plate is effective for performing uniform surface light emission from the light emitting surface 1002. However, in the case of aiming for a special lighting effect such as performing illumination so that the presence of the point light source 201 can be perceived, it is not necessarily an essential configuration, and depending on the desired lighting effect required by those skilled in the art. It can be selected.

また、以上では、導光デバイス１００を概ね板状の部材とし、点光源２０１を収容する凹部１０１を溝状の構造とした実施例を示したが、導光デバイス１００を回転体形状とする、たとえば図１に示した断面形状Ａ、ＢまたはＣを回転させて得られるような全体がほぼ円盤状の形状においてもほぼ上述と同様の効果を期待できる。   In the above description, the light guide device 100 is a substantially plate-shaped member, and the recess 101 that houses the point light source 201 has a groove-like structure. However, the light guide device 100 has a rotating body shape. For example, even when the overall shape obtained by rotating the cross-sectional shape A, B, or C shown in FIG.

このような回転体形状の導光デバイスでは、点光源（２０１）を収容する凹部（１０１）はたとえば有底の丸穴形状となるが、点光源（２０１）は少なくとも２ないし３個、あるいはそれ以上の数、導光デバイスの円周を等角度で分割するような方向に主たる照射方向が向くように配置すると良い。   In such a rotating body-shaped light guide device, the recess (101) for accommodating the point light source (201) has, for example, a round hole shape with a bottom, but there are at least two or three point light sources (201) or It is preferable to arrange the light guide device so that the main irradiation direction is in a direction that divides the circumference of the light guide device at an equal angle.

１００ 導光デバイス
１０１ 凹部
１０３ 反射加工
１０４ 反射加工
１０６ 保持部
１１０ 拡散板
２００ 回路基板
２０１ 点光源
３０２ ビス
３０３ ナット
１００１ 反射面
１００２ 発光面DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Light guide device 101 Recessed part 103 Reflective processing 104 Reflective processing 106 Holding part 110 Diffusion plate 200 Circuit board 201 Point light source 302 Screw 303 Nut 1001 Reflecting surface 1002 Light emitting surface

Claims (9)

反射特性を付与された第１の光学面と、
第１の光学面にほぼ対向し、透過特性を付与された第２の光学面と、
内部に光源を収容するよう前記第１の光学面に形成された凹部を有し、
前記光源の光度がほぼ最大となる照射方向が第１の光学面および第２の光学面の間の領域を向くよう前記凹部内に前記光源が配置されることを特徴とする導光デバイス。A first optical surface provided with reflection characteristics;
A second optical surface substantially opposite to the first optical surface and provided with transmission characteristics;
A recess formed in the first optical surface to accommodate a light source therein;
The light guide device, wherein the light source is arranged in the recess so that an irradiation direction in which the luminous intensity of the light source is substantially maximum faces a region between the first optical surface and the second optical surface. 請求項１に記載の導光デバイスにおいて、前記第１の光学面または第２の光学面が曲面をなすよう形成されることを特徴とする導光デバイス。   The light guide device according to claim 1, wherein the first optical surface or the second optical surface is formed in a curved surface. 請求項１または２に記載の導光デバイスにおいて、前記第１の光学面の反射特性を付与された部位が前記凹部近傍を除いて設けられることを特徴とする導光デバイス。   3. The light guide device according to claim 1, wherein a portion to which the reflection characteristic of the first optical surface is imparted is provided except for the vicinity of the concave portion. 4. 請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の導光デバイスにおいて、前記第１の光学面の反射特性が第１の光学面に対する塗装、第１の光学面に対する印刷、または第１の光学面に対する表面加工により付与されることを特徴とする導光デバイス。   The light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reflection characteristic of the first optical surface is a coating on the first optical surface, a printing on the first optical surface, or a first optical surface. The light guide device is provided by surface processing with respect to the above. 請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の導光デバイスにおいて、透過特性を付与された前記第２の光学面の表面が鏡面加工され、前記第２の光学面に対して臨界角以下の光線が前記第２の光学面から出射することを特徴とする導光デバイス。   The light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a surface of the second optical surface provided with transmission characteristics is mirror-finished and has a critical angle or less with respect to the second optical surface. A light guide device, wherein a light beam is emitted from the second optical surface. 請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の導光デバイスにおいて、前記光源の保持部材ないし導光デバイスが実装される照明装置筐体を固定するための保持部が前記凹部の縁部から突出するよう形成されていることを特徴とする導光デバイス。   The light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a holding member for fixing the light source holding member or a lighting device housing on which the light guide device is mounted protrudes from an edge of the recess. It is formed so that it may do. Light guide device characterized by things. 請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の導光デバイスを含み、前記光源の照射光を前記第２の光学面から面発光により照射することを特徴とする照明装置。   An illumination apparatus comprising the light guide device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitted from the light source is emitted from the second optical surface by surface light emission. 請求項７に記載の照明装置において、前記第２の光学面を覆うよう配置された拡散板を有することを特徴とする照明装置。   The lighting device according to claim 7, further comprising a diffusion plate arranged to cover the second optical surface. 請求項８に記載の照明装置において、前記凹部の底部に反射特性が付与されていることを特徴とする照明装置。   The lighting device according to claim 8, wherein a reflection characteristic is imparted to a bottom portion of the concave portion.
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