JPWO2013039067A1 - Negative pressure incinerator with power generator - Google Patents

Negative pressure incinerator with power generator Download PDF

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JPWO2013039067A1
JPWO2013039067A1 JP2013533674A JP2013533674A JPWO2013039067A1 JP WO2013039067 A1 JPWO2013039067 A1 JP WO2013039067A1 JP 2013533674 A JP2013533674 A JP 2013533674A JP 2013533674 A JP2013533674 A JP 2013533674A JP WO2013039067 A1 JPWO2013039067 A1 JP WO2013039067A1
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incinerator
exhaust
negative pressure
unit
pipe
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孝 前島
孝 前島
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IGA, Kyoko
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/005—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues using fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

排熱に含まれる飛灰や煤塵が非常に少なく、排熱管内に飛灰や煤塵が堆積することがないため除去作業が不要で、高い熱交換率を維持することができる発電装置を備えた負庄式焼却炉を提供する。被焼却物を焼却する焼却部（２）と、焼却部に連設し、焼却部で発生する排ガスを冷却する冷却部（４）と、冷却部に連設し、排ガスを浄化する排気部（５）と、排気部端部に設置され、焼却部から排気部内を負圧にする誘引通風機（１５）とからなる負圧式焼却炉において、焼却部（２）と冷却部（４）とを連結する配管に設置した熱交換器（９）によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システム（１０）を備えたことを特徴とする発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉。Equipped with a generator that can maintain high heat exchange rate because there is very little fly ash and dust contained in the exhaust heat, and fly ash and dust do not accumulate in the exhaust heat pipe, eliminating the need for removal work A negative-type incinerator is provided. An incinerator (2) that incinerates the incinerator, a cooling unit (4) that is connected to the incinerator and cools the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator, and an exhaust unit that is connected to the cooling unit and purifies the exhaust gas ( 5) and an induction ventilator (15) installed at the end of the exhaust part and having a negative pressure inside the exhaust part from the incinerator, the incinerator (2) and the cooling part (4) A negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator, characterized in that it has a generator system (10) for generating electricity with exhaust heat obtained by a heat exchanger (9) installed in a pipe to be connected.

Description

本発明は、発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉に関する。  The present invention relates to a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator.

従来、ストーカ式焼却炉や流動床式焼却炉に熱交換器を備えて、焼却炉から発生する排熱を利用して発電を行う焼却炉があった。  Conventionally, there has been an incinerator in which a heat exchanger is provided in a stoker type incinerator or a fluidized bed type incinerator and power is generated using exhaust heat generated from the incinerator.

しかしながら、ストーカ式焼却炉も流動床式焼却炉も、加圧炉のために焼却部で発生した排熱の中に飛灰や煤塵が多く含まれるため、飛灰や煤塵が熱交換器を構成する水管の周囲で壁面に付着して堆積し、熱交換率を著しく下げるという問題があった。  However, both the stoker type incinerator and fluidized bed type incinerator contain a lot of fly ash and dust in the exhaust heat generated in the incineration section for the pressurization furnace, so the fly ash and dust constitute the heat exchanger. There is a problem in that the heat exchange rate is remarkably lowered by adhering to the wall surface around the water pipe.

この問題に対しては、定期的に堆積した飛灰や煤塵を取り除くことにより熱交換率を改善するという方法で対処していたが、堆積した飛灰や煤塵は容易に取り除くことが出来るものではなく、除去作業に時間を要し、また除去作業の間は焼却炉を停止しなければならないという問題があった。  This problem has been dealt with by improving the heat exchange rate by periodically removing the accumulated fly ash and dust, but the accumulated fly ash and dust can not be easily removed. However, there was a problem that the removal work took time and the incinerator had to be stopped during the removal work.

特開２００４−２９４０５１号公報JP 2004-294051 A

そこで、本発明は、排熱に含まれる飛灰や煤塵が非常に少なく、排熱管内に飛灰や煤塵が堆積することがないため除去作業が不要で、高い熱交換率を維持することができる発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉を提供する。  Therefore, the present invention has very little fly ash and dust contained in the exhaust heat, and since no fly ash and dust accumulate in the exhaust heat pipe, no removal work is required and a high heat exchange rate can be maintained. Provided is a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generation device capable of generating a negative pressure.

本発明は、上記の謀題を解決するために、負圧式焼却炉において、焼却部と冷却部の間に設置した熱交換器によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システムを備えたことを特徴とする発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の溝成とした。  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is characterized in that in a negative pressure incinerator, a generator system is provided that generates power with exhaust heat obtained by a heat exchanger installed between an incineration unit and a cooling unit. A negative pressure incinerator was equipped with a power generator.

また、被焼却物を焼却する焼却部と、前記焼却部に連設し、前記焼却部で発生する排ガスを冷却する冷却部と、前記冷却部に連設し、前記排ガスを浄化する排気部と、前記排気部端部に設置され、前記焼却部から排気部内を負圧にする誘引通風機とからなる負圧式焼却炉において、前記焼却部と冷却部とを連結する配管に設置した熱交換器によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システムを備えたことを特徴とする発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の溝成とした。  An incineration unit for incinerating the incinerated object; a cooling unit connected to the incineration unit for cooling exhaust gas generated in the incineration unit; an exhaust unit connected to the cooling unit for purifying the exhaust gas; A heat exchanger installed in a pipe connecting the incineration unit and the cooling unit in a negative pressure incinerator including an induction fan that is installed at an end portion of the exhaust unit and makes the inside of the exhaust unit have a negative pressure from the incineration unit A negative pressure incinerator was provided with a power generator system that generates power using the exhaust heat obtained by the above.

本発明は上記のような溝成であるため、排熱中の飛灰や煤塵が従来に比して非常に少なく、排熱管内に飛灰や煤塵が堆積し固化することがない。  Since the present invention has the groove as described above, the amount of fly ash and dust during exhaust heat is very small compared to the prior art, and the fly ash and dust are not deposited and solidified in the exhaust heat pipe.

また、前述のように飛灰や煤塵が堆積し固化することがないため熱交換率を高い状態で維持することができる。  Moreover, since the fly ash and dust do not accumulate and solidify as described above, the heat exchange rate can be maintained in a high state.

更に、前述のように飛灰や煤塵が堆積し固化することがないため排熱管内外の堆積物の除去作業を行う必要がなく、焼却炉の運転を停止する必要もない。  Further, as described above, fly ash and dust do not accumulate and solidify, so there is no need to remove deposits inside and outside the exhaust heat pipe, and there is no need to stop the operation of the incinerator.

本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の全体図である。1 is an overall view of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator according to the present invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の第二実施例の全体図である。It is a whole figure of the 2nd Example of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の焼却部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the incineration part of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の発電部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the electric power generation part of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の冷却部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the cooling part of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の排気部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the exhaust part of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention. 本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の第二実施例の発電部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the electric power generation part of the 2nd Example of the negative pressure type incinerator provided with the electric power generating apparatus which is this invention.

以下、添付の図面を参照し、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。図１は本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の全体図、図２は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の第二実施例の全体図、図３は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の焼却部を示す図、図４は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の発電部を示す図、図５は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の冷却部を示す図、図６は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の排気部を示す図、図７は発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉の第二実施例の発電部を示す図である。  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generation apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall view of a second embodiment of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generation apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a negative view equipped with a power generation apparatus. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a power generation unit of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cooling unit of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator, FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an exhaust part of a negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a power generator of a second embodiment of the negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generator.

図１及び図３から図６に示すように、本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉１は、被焼却物を焼却する焼却部２と、前記焼却部２に連設し、前記焼却部２で発生する排ガスを冷却する冷却部４と、前記冷却部４に連設し、前記排ガスを浄化する排気部５と、前記排気部５端部に設置され、前記焼却部２から排気部５内を負圧にする誘引通風機１５とからなる負圧式焼却炉において、前記焼却部２と冷却部４とを連結する配管に設置した熱交換器９によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システム１０からなる。  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6, a negative pressure incinerator 1 equipped with a power generation device according to the present invention is connected to an incineration unit 2 for incinerating an incinerator, and the incineration unit 2, and A cooling unit 4 that cools the exhaust gas generated in the incineration unit 2, an exhaust unit 5 that is connected to the cooling unit 4 and purifies the exhaust gas, and is installed at the end of the exhaust unit 5, and is exhausted from the incineration unit 2 In a negative pressure incinerator composed of an induction fan 15 that creates a negative pressure in the section 5, power generation is performed using exhaust heat obtained by a heat exchanger 9 installed in a pipe connecting the incineration section 2 and the cooling section 4. Machine system 10.

図３に示すように、前記焼却部２は、第一燃焼室６と前記第一燃焼室６の上に内部を連通して備えた第二撚焼室７とからなる。  As shown in FIG. 3, the incinerator 2 includes a first combustion chamber 6 and a second twisted combustion chamber 7 provided on the first combustion chamber 6 so as to communicate with the inside thereof.

前記第一燃焼室６は、内部に格子６ｄを設けて第一次燃焼室６の室内を被焼却物を焼却する部屋と焼却灰を受ける炉床６ｂとに分け、側面上部に被焼却物であるゴミの投入装置６ａを備え、更に点火バーナ６ｃを備えている。  The first combustion chamber 6 is provided with a lattice 6d inside, and the interior of the primary combustion chamber 6 is divided into a chamber for incinerating the incinerated material and a hearth 6b for receiving the incinerated ash, and the incinerated material at the upper part of the side surface. A dust throwing device 6a is provided, and an ignition burner 6c is further provided.

前記第一燃焼室６の下には、炉下コンベア６ｅが設置され、前記格子６ｄを抜けて炉床６ｂに落ちた焼却灰８ａは前記炉下コンベア６ｅに移され、更に炉下コンベア６ｅから焼却灰の貯蓄タンクヘ移される。尚、前記炉床６ｂにも排出口６ｉが設けられており、この排出口６ｉから焼却灰８ａを掻き出して焼却灰の貯蓄タンクヘ移すこともできる。  Under the first combustion chamber 6, an in-furnace conveyor 6e is installed, and the incinerated ash 8a passing through the grid 6d and falling on the hearth 6b is transferred to the in-furnace conveyor 6e, and further from the in-furnace conveyor 6e. Moved to incineration ash storage tank. The furnace floor 6b is also provided with a discharge port 6i. The incineration ash 8a can be scraped out from the discharge port 6i and transferred to a storage tank for the incineration ash.

前記ゴミ投入装置６ａには投入口６ｈが設けられており、この投入口６ｈからゴミ等の被焼却物８を投入する。また、前記ゴミ投入装置６ａから第一燃焼室６の間には開閉弁６ｇが設けられており、第一燃焼室６の蓋を開閉する事ができる。  The dust input device 6a is provided with an input port 6h, and an incinerated object 8 such as dust is input from the input port 6h. Further, an open / close valve 6g is provided between the dust input device 6a and the first combustion chamber 6 so that the lid of the first combustion chamber 6 can be opened and closed.

前記第一燃焼室６は空気調整弁６ｆを備えており、前記空気調整弁６ｆを操作し、第一燃焼室６内ヘの空気供給量を調整することができる。  The first combustion chamber 6 is provided with an air regulating valve 6f, and the air regulating valve 6f can be operated to adjust the amount of air supplied to the first combustion chamber 6.

前記第二燃焼室７は、前述の通り第一燃焼室６上に内部を連通した状態で設置される燃焼室で、前記第一燃焼室６で発生した未燃ガスを更に燃焼する部屋である。  As described above, the second combustion chamber 7 is a combustion chamber that is installed on the first combustion chamber 6 so as to communicate with the inside thereof, and is a chamber that further burns unburned gas generated in the first combustion chamber 6. .

前記第二燃焼室７には、再燃バーナ７ａ及び二次追込送風機７ｂが設置されており、前記再燃バーナ７ａは、第一燃焼室６から送られてきた未燃ガスに着火するためのバーナであるとともに、第二燃焼室７内の温度を８００度から１０００度に維持するための燃焼バーナの役割もしている。  The second combustion chamber 7 is provided with a reburning burner 7a and a secondary additional blower 7b, and the reburning burner 7a is a burner for igniting unburned gas sent from the first combustion chamber 6. And also serves as a combustion burner for maintaining the temperature in the second combustion chamber 7 from 800 degrees to 1000 degrees.

前記二次押込送風機７ｂは第二燃焼室７内の空気を撹拌させるための送風機であり、図上では二基設けたが、設置数は特に限定していない。前記二次押込送風機７ｂで第二撚焼室７内の空気を撹拌させることにより未燃ガスの完全燃焼を促すことができる。尚、本発明の焼却炉部分は負圧でなければならないため、前記二次押込送風機７ｂによる加圧空気量は、負圧状態を維持できる量となる。  Although the said secondary pushing air blower 7b is an air blower for stirring the air in the 2nd combustion chamber 7, two sets were provided on the figure, the number of installation is not specifically limited. It is possible to promote complete combustion of the unburned gas by stirring the air in the second twisted firing chamber 7 with the secondary forced air blower 7b. In addition, since the incinerator part of this invention must be a negative pressure, the amount of pressurized air by the said secondary forced air blower 7b becomes an quantity which can maintain a negative pressure state.

また、前記第二燃焼室７の上部には第一送気管７ｃが設けられており、この第一送気管７ｃは、図４で説明する第二送気管９ｂに接続されている。  A first air supply pipe 7c is provided in the upper part of the second combustion chamber 7, and the first air supply pipe 7c is connected to a second air supply pipe 9b described in FIG.

図４に示すように、前記第二送気管９ｂを取り囲むように熱交換器９が取り付けられており、前記熱交換器９内にはボイラー水９ｃが満たされている。また、前記熱交換器９内は水管９ａが設けられており、前記ボイラー水９ｃはこの水管９ａ内も通っている。尚、前記ボイラー水９ｃは、水に限定したものではなく、水よりも沸点が低い液体があればそれを使用しても良い。例えば、沸点が３６度低いアンモニア・ペンタンなどが考えられるが、これ以外にも熱回収率の高いものがあれば、それを利用してもよい。  As shown in FIG. 4, the heat exchanger 9 is attached so that the said 2nd air supply pipe | tube 9b may be surrounded, The boiler water 9c is satisfy | filled in the said heat exchanger 9. As shown in FIG. Further, a water pipe 9a is provided in the heat exchanger 9, and the boiler water 9c also passes through the water pipe 9a. The boiler water 9c is not limited to water, and any liquid having a boiling point lower than that of water may be used. For example, ammonia or pentane having a boiling point of 36 ° C. is conceivable. However, if there is another one having a high heat recovery rate, it may be used.

前記熱交換器９は、発電装置１０ａと冷却装置１０ｂを備えた発電システム１０に連結されている。排熱が通過する第二送気管９ｂにより暖められたボイラー水９ｃの蒸気から前記発電装置１０ａで発電し、前記ボイラー水９ｃを冷却装置１０ｂで冷却して前記熱交換器９へ戻している。尚、前記熱交換器９と発電システム１０を併せて発電部３とした。  The heat exchanger 9 is connected to a power generation system 10 including a power generation device 10a and a cooling device 10b. Electric power is generated by the power generation device 10a from the steam of the boiler water 9c heated by the second air supply pipe 9b through which the exhaust heat passes, and the boiler water 9c is cooled by the cooling device 10b and returned to the heat exchanger 9. The heat exchanger 9 and the power generation system 10 are combined to form a power generation unit 3.

図５に示すように、前記冷却部４は、排熱を冷却するガス冷却塔１１と前記第二送気管９ｂとガス冷却塔１１を接続する第三送気管１１ｄとからなる。前記ガス冷却塔１１内の上部には噴霧口１１ｂが取り付けられており、この噴霧口１１ｂは冷却用噴霧水ポンプ１１ａに接続されている。  As shown in FIG. 5, the cooling unit 4 includes a gas cooling tower 11 that cools exhaust heat, a second air supply pipe 9 b, and a third air supply pipe 11 d that connects the gas cooling tower 11. A spray port 11b is attached to the upper part of the gas cooling tower 11, and this spray port 11b is connected to a cooling spray water pump 11a.

前記噴霧口１１ｂはガス冷却塔１１内の上部から下方に向かって噴霧するように設置されており、噴霧口１１ｂからは通常の水からなる冷却水又は苛性ソーダ等の中和剤を含んだ冷却水が噴霧される。前記冷却水の使い分けについては、被焼却物の種類により使い分ける。  The spraying port 11b is installed so as to spray downward from the upper part in the gas cooling tower 11. From the spraying port 11b, cooling water made of ordinary water or cooling water containing a neutralizing agent such as caustic soda is used. Is sprayed. The cooling water is selectively used depending on the type of incinerated material.

また、前記ガス冷却塔１１の下部には飛灰排出口１１ｆが設けられている。前記飛灰排出口１１ｆは、前記ガス冷却塔１１内で排気ガスが冷却用噴霧水により冷却される際に、前記排気ガスに含まれている煤塵及び飛灰が噴霧水により凝縮され沈殿し、汚泥化したものを取り除くための排出口である。前記飛灰排出口１１ｆから取り出した飛灰や煤塵の汚泥物は飛灰搬出装置１１ｃヘ送られ、更に飛灰搬出装置１１ｃから貯蔵タンクヘ送られる。  Further, a fly ash discharge port 11 f is provided at the lower portion of the gas cooling tower 11. When the exhaust gas is cooled by the spray water for cooling in the gas cooling tower 11, the fly ash discharge port 11f is condensed and precipitated by the spray water with the dust and fly ash contained in the exhaust gas, This is an outlet for removing sludge. The fly ash and dust sludge taken out from the fly ash discharge port 11f are sent to the fly ash carry-out device 11c, and further sent from the fly ash carry-out device 11c to the storage tank.

更に、前記ガス冷却塔１１には第四送気管１１ｅが接続されており、ガス冷却塔１１で排気ガスを冷却して前記排気部５に送る。  Further, a fourth air supply pipe 11 e is connected to the gas cooling tower 11, and the exhaust gas is cooled by the gas cooling tower 11 and sent to the exhaust section 5.

図６に示すように、前記排気部５は、排気ガスに含まれる粉塵等を最終的に濾過するバグフィルター１２（サイクロンでも可）と、前記バグフィルター１２を通過した排気ガスを放出する煙突１６と、前記バグフィルター１２及び煙突１６の間に設置され前記焼却部２から排気部５にかけた内部を負圧状態にするための誘引通風機１５とからなる。  As shown in FIG. 6, the exhaust unit 5 includes a bag filter 12 (which may be a cyclone) that finally filters dust and the like contained in the exhaust gas, and a chimney 16 that discharges the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 12. And an induction fan 15 that is installed between the bag filter 12 and the chimney 16 and puts the interior from the incineration unit 2 to the exhaust unit 5 into a negative pressure state.

前記第四送気管１１ｅは第五送気管１２ａを介してバグフィルター１２に接続されており、前記バグフィルター１２と誘引通風機１５は第六送気管１２ｂを介して接続されている。更に、前記誘引通風管１５と煙突１６は第七送気管１５ａを介して接続されている。  The fourth air pipe 11e is connected to the bag filter 12 via a fifth air pipe 12a, and the bag filter 12 and the induction fan 15 are connected via a sixth air pipe 12b. Further, the induction vent pipe 15 and the chimney 16 are connected via a seventh air supply pipe 15a.

前記バグフィルター１２の下部には飛灰排出口１２ｃが設けられており、バグフィルター１２で排気ガスを最終的に濾過した際に取り除いた粉塵等を排出するための排出口である。この飛灰排出口１２ｃから排出した粉塵等は前記飛灰搬出装置１１ｃに送られ、更に飛灰搬出装置１１ｃから貯蔵タンクヘ送られる。尚、貯蔵夕ンクに貯められた粉塵等はトラック等で処埋施設等へ運ばれ処理される。  A fly ash discharge port 12c is provided in the lower part of the bag filter 12, and is a discharge port for discharging dust or the like removed when the exhaust gas is finally filtered by the bag filter 12. The dust discharged from the fly ash discharge port 12c is sent to the fly ash carry-out device 11c, and further sent from the fly ash carry-out device 11c to the storage tank. The dust stored in the storage tank is transported to a disposal facility by a truck or the like for processing.

前記第五送気管１２ａには噴霧バルブ１４ｂが接続されており、前記噴霧バルブ１４ｂは活性炭タンク１３及び消石灰タンク１４と接続され、更に噴霧ポンプ１４ａに接続されている。  A spray valve 14b is connected to the fifth air supply pipe 12a. The spray valve 14b is connected to the activated carbon tank 13 and the slaked lime tank 14, and is further connected to the spray pump 14a.

前記活性炭タンク１３の活性炭と消石灰タンク１４の消石灰を混合した状態で前記噴霧バルブ１４ｂから第五送気管１２ａ内に噴霧することで、第五送気管１２ａ内を通過する排気ガス中の塩化水素（ＨＣ）や硫黄酸化物（ＳＯＸ）を中和させる。  By spraying the activated carbon of the activated carbon tank 13 and the slaked lime of the slaked lime tank 14 into the fifth air pipe 12a from the spray valve 14b, hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas passing through the fifth air pipe 12a ( HC) and sulfur oxide (SOX) are neutralized.

中和されバグフィルター１２を通過した排気ガスは前記第六送気管１２ｂを経て誘引通風機１５に吸い上げられて第七送気管１５ａへ送られ、最終的に無害な状態で煙突１６から放出される。  The exhaust gas neutralized and passed through the bag filter 12 is sucked up by the induction fan 15 through the sixth air pipe 12b and sent to the seventh air pipe 15a, and finally discharged from the chimney 16 in a harmless state. .

前記焼却部２から第六送気管１２ｂまでの排気ガスの流れは前記誘引通風機１５の吸い上げる力により発生するため、焼却部２から第六送気管１２ｂまでの内部は負圧状態にあり、第七送気管１５ａから煙突１６までの排気ガスの流れは誘引通風機１５の吹き出す力により発生するため、加圧状態にある。  Since the flow of exhaust gas from the incinerator 2 to the sixth air pipe 12b is generated by the suction force of the induction fan 15, the interior from the incinerator 2 to the sixth air pipe 12b is in a negative pressure state. Since the flow of exhaust gas from the seven air supply pipes 15a to the chimney 16 is generated by the force blown out by the induction fan 15, it is in a pressurized state.

前記第五送気管１２ａと前記第六送気管１２ｂにはバイパス用開閉バルブ１２ｅが設置されている。前記バイパス用開閉バルブ１２ｅを閉じることで前記バグフィルター１２を使用せずに排気ガスを放出することができる。  A bypass open / close valve 12e is installed in the fifth air supply pipe 12a and the sixth air supply pipe 12b. By closing the bypass opening / closing valve 12e, exhaust gas can be discharged without using the bag filter 12.

また前記第六送気管１２ｂには開閉バルブ１２ｄが設置されている。これは前記バグフィルター１２を通過した排気ガスの開閉バルブである。  An opening / closing valve 12d is installed in the sixth air supply pipe 12b. This is an open / close valve for the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 12.

図２及び図７に示すように、本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉１ａは、実施例１の発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉１とほぼ同じ溝成をしている。即ち、発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉１ａは、被焼却物を焼却する焼却部２と、前記焼却部２に連接し、前記焼却部２で発生する排ガスを冷却する冷却部４と、前記冷却部４に連設し、前記排ガスを浄化する排気部５と、前記排気部５端部に設置され、前記焼却部２から排気部５内の空気を吸引し負圧にする誘引通風機１５とからなる負圧式焼却炉において、前記焼却部２と冷却部４とを連結する配管に設置した熱交換器１７によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システム１０からなり、前記熱交換器１７の溝成が異なるだけである。前記誘引通風機１５により、排ガスが吸引されて煙突１６から排出されるために、前記焼却部２から排気部５内等の焼却炉内全体が負圧状熊となる。  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the negative pressure incinerator 1 a provided with the power generator according to the present invention has substantially the same groove as the negative pressure incinerator 1 provided with the power generator of Example 1. That is, the negative pressure type incinerator 1a provided with the power generation device includes an incinerator 2 that incinerates the incinerator, a cooling unit 4 that is connected to the incinerator 2 and cools the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator 2, and An exhaust unit 5 that is connected to the cooling unit 4 and purifies the exhaust gas, and an induction fan 15 that is installed at the end of the exhaust unit 5 and sucks the air in the exhaust unit 5 from the incineration unit 2 to create a negative pressure. A negative pressure incinerator comprising a generator system 10 that generates electricity with exhaust heat obtained by a heat exchanger 17 installed in a pipe connecting the incinerator 2 and the cooling unit 4. Only the groove is different. Since the exhaust fan is sucked by the induction fan 15 and discharged from the chimney 16, the entire incinerator such as the inside of the incinerator 2 to the exhaust part 5 becomes a negative pressure bear.

図７に示すように、前記熱交換器１７は、前記第一送気管７ｃと第三送気管１１ｄの間に設置され、排熱が通る空間１７ｂ内にボイラー水１７ｃを満たした水管１７ａが設置されている。従って排熱は水管１７ａの隙間を縫って第三送気管１１ｄ方向へ流れる。  As shown in FIG. 7, the heat exchanger 17 is installed between the first air supply pipe 7c and the third air supply pipe 11d, and a water pipe 17a filled with boiler water 17c is installed in a space 17b through which exhaust heat passes. Has been. Therefore, the exhaust heat flows in the direction of the third air supply pipe 11d by sewing the gap of the water pipe 17a.

前記熱交換器１７は、発電装置１０ａと冷却装置１０ｂを備えた発電システム１０に連結されている。排熱が水管１７ａの隙間を通過するときに暖められたボイラー水９ｃの蒸気から前記発電装置１０ａで発電し、前記ボイラー水９ｃを冷却装置１０ｂで冷却して前記熱交換器１７へ戻している。尚、前記熱交換器１７と発電システム１０を併せて発電部３ａとした。尚、前記ボイラー水９ｃは、水に限定したものではなく、水よりも沸点が低い液体があればそれを使用しても良い。例えば、沸点が３６度低いアンモニア・ペンタンなどが考えられるが、これ以外にも熱回収率の高いものがあれば、それを利用してもよい。  The said heat exchanger 17 is connected with the electric power generation system 10 provided with the electric power generating apparatus 10a and the cooling device 10b. Electric power is generated by the power generation device 10a from the steam of the boiler water 9c heated when the exhaust heat passes through the gap of the water pipe 17a, and the boiler water 9c is cooled by the cooling device 10b and returned to the heat exchanger 17. . In addition, the said heat exchanger 17 and the electric power generation system 10 were united and it was set as the electric power generation part 3a. The boiler water 9c is not limited to water, and any liquid having a boiling point lower than that of water may be used. For example, ammonia or pentane having a boiling point of 36 ° C. is conceivable. However, if there is another one having a high heat recovery rate, it may be used.

本発明である発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉は、排気ガスの流れを負圧により作り出しているため、焼却部で発生する排気ガス中に焼却灰や粉塵、煤塵等が含まれる割合が非常に低く、そのため熱交換器内の水管付近に煤塵等が付着・堆積することがなく、長期的に一定の熱交換率を維持し発電することが可能であり、付着・堆積粉塵等の際去作業が不要であるため焼却炉を止めることなく焼却を続けることができるため、発電業界を始め、電気を使用する多くの領域、並びに環境問題を扱う業界に多大な貢献をもたらす。  Since the negative pressure incinerator equipped with the power generator according to the present invention creates the flow of exhaust gas by negative pressure, the proportion of incineration ash, dust, soot, etc. contained in the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator is very high Therefore, dust and so on do not adhere and accumulate near the water pipe in the heat exchanger, and it is possible to generate electricity while maintaining a constant heat exchange rate for a long time. Since no work is required, the incineration can be continued without stopping the incinerator, so that it contributes greatly to the power generation industry, many areas using electricity, and the industry dealing with environmental issues.

１ 発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉
１ａ 発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉
２ 焼却部
３ 発電部
３ａ 発電部
４ 冷却部
５ 排気部
６ 第一燃焼室
６ａ ゴミ投入装置
６ｂ 炉床
６ｃ 点火バーナ
６ｄ 格子
６ｅ 炉下コンベア
６ｆ 空気調整弁
６ｇ 開閉弁
６ｈ 投入口
６ｉ 排出口
７ 第二燃焼室
７ａ 再燃バーナ
７ｂ 二次押込送風機
７ｃ 第一送気管
８ 被焼却物
８ａ 焼却灰
９ 熱交換器
９ａ 水管
９ｂ 第二送気管
９ｃ ボイラー水
１０ 発電システム
１０ａ 発電装置
１０ｂ 冷却装置
１１ ガス冷却塔
１１ａ 冷却用噴霧水ポンプ
１１ｂ 噴霧口
１１ｃ 飛灰搬出装置
１１ｄ 第三送気管
１１ｅ 第四送気管
１１ｆ 飛灰排出口
１２ バグフィルタ
１２ａ 第五送気管
１２ｂ 第六送気管
１２ｃ 飛灰排出口
１２ｄ 開閉バルブ
１２ｅ バイパス用開閉バルブ
１３ 活性炭タンク
１４ 消石灰タンク
１４ａ 噴霧ポンプ
１４ｂ 噴霧バルブ
１５ 誘引通風機
１５ａ 第七送気管
１６ 煙突
１７ 熱交換器
１７ａ 水管
１７ｂ 空間
１７ｃ ボイラー水
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Negative pressure type incinerator 1a provided with power generation device Negative pressure type incinerator 2 provided with power generation device Incineration unit 3 Power generation unit 3a Power generation unit 4 Cooling unit 5 Exhaust unit 6 First combustion chamber 6a Garbage input device 6b Hearth 6c Ignition burner 6d Lattice 6e In-furnace conveyor 6f Air regulating valve 6g On-off valve 6h Input port 6i Discharge port 7 Second combustion chamber 7a Reburning burner 7b Secondary forced air blower 7c First air pipe 8 Incinerated ash 9 Heat incinerator 9 Heat exchanger 9a Water tube 9b Second air pipe 9c Boiler water 10 Power generation system 10a Power generation device 10b Cooling device 11 Gas cooling tower 11a Cooling spray water pump 11b Spray port 11c Fly ash carry-out device 11d Third air pipe 11e Fourth air pipe 11f Fly ash discharge port 12 Bag filter 12a Fifth air supply pipe 12b Sixth air supply pipe 12c Fly ash discharge port 12d Open / close valve 12e Bypass open / close valve 13 Activated carbon tank 14 Tank 14a Spray pump 14b sprayed valve 15 induced draft fan 15a seventh flue 16 chimney 17 heat exchanger 17a water pipe 17b space 17c boiler water

Claims (2)

負圧式焼却炉において、焼却部と冷却部の間に設置した熱交換器によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システムを備えたことを特徴とする発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉。  A negative pressure incinerator having a power generator, wherein the negative pressure incinerator includes a generator system that generates electric power using exhaust heat obtained by a heat exchanger installed between an incineration unit and a cooling unit. 被焼却物を焼却する焼却部と、前記焼却部に連設し、前記焼却部で発生する排ガスを冷却する冷却部と、前記冷却部に連接し、前記排ガスを浄化する排気部と、前記排気部端部に設置され、前記焼却部から排気部内を負圧にする誘引通風機とからなる負圧式焼却炉において、前記焼却部と冷却部とを連結する配管に設置した熱交換器によって得た排熱で発電する発電機システムを備えたことを特徴とする発電装置を備えた負圧式焼却炉。  An incinerator that incinerates the incinerator, a cooling unit that is connected to the incinerator and cools the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator, an exhaust unit that is connected to the cooling unit and purifies the exhaust gas, and the exhaust In a negative pressure incinerator comprising an induction ventilator that is installed at the end of the unit and that draws a negative pressure inside the exhaust from the incinerator, obtained by a heat exchanger installed in a pipe connecting the incinerator and the cooling unit A negative pressure incinerator equipped with a power generation device, characterized by comprising a generator system that generates power by exhaust heat.
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