JPWO2003052298A1 - Toggle joint pedal mechanism - Google Patents

Toggle joint pedal mechanism Download PDF

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JPWO2003052298A1
JPWO2003052298A1 JP2003553152A JP2003553152A JPWO2003052298A1 JP WO2003052298 A1 JPWO2003052298 A1 JP WO2003052298A1 JP 2003553152 A JP2003553152 A JP 2003553152A JP 2003553152 A JP2003553152 A JP 2003553152A JP WO2003052298 A1 JPWO2003052298 A1 JP WO2003052298A1
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water
link
toggle joint
pedal
sliding
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JP3562526B2 (en
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浩司 藤川
浩司 藤川
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/30Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of intermediate gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/26Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by rotary cranks combined with reciprocating levers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/30Propulsive elements directly acting on water of non-rotary type
    • B63H1/32Flaps, pistons, or the like, reciprocating in propulsive direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H16/00Marine propulsion by muscle power
    • B63H16/08Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort
    • B63H16/12Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort using hand levers, cranks, pedals, or the like, e.g. water cycles, boats propelled by boat-mounted pedal cycles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

従来の人力駆動装置、即ちペダルの踏力により得られる出力は物理的に非力である。トグルジョイントによる倍力機構は、手動プレス機、金属せん断機等に使用される高出力機構として知られるが、この機構をペダルの高駆動力に実現するものが当発明である。トグルジョイント機構の本体固定部に差動歯車装置を設置し、摺動部にリンク装置を結合することにより高出力を得られるペダル装置を実現した。また、ベルクランク屈曲部を本体固定しここに差動歯車装置を設置し、ベルクランク短辺とトグルジョイントの結合部を牽引リンクにより牽引し、その摺動端に高出力を発生させるペダル装置も同様である。このペダル装置は、自転車の発展形態として高出力高積載力化を実現すると共に、従来不可能視されていた人力飛行を可能にし得る。本ペダル機構に潜在倍力構造を有する多節リンク伸縮機構、即ちパンタグラフを接続し、水掻き装置を牽引駆動することによる水上移動装置を併せて開発した。The output obtained by the conventional manpower driving device, that is, the pedaling force of the pedal is physically ineffective. A booster mechanism using a toggle joint is known as a high output mechanism used in a manual press machine, a metal shearing machine, etc., and the present invention realizes this mechanism with a high driving force of a pedal. A differential gear device is installed in the body fixing part of the toggle joint mechanism, and a pedal device that can obtain high output is realized by connecting a link device to the sliding part. Also, there is a pedal device that fixes the bell crank bent part and installs a differential gear unit here, pulls the joint part of the bell crank short side and the toggle joint by the traction link, and generates high output at the sliding end. It is the same. This pedal device can realize high output and high loading power as an advanced form of the bicycle, and can enable human-powered flight, which has been considered impossible in the past. A multi-link expansion / contraction mechanism having a potential boost structure, that is, a pantograph, is connected to the pedal mechanism, and a water moving device is also developed by pulling and driving a watering device.

Description

技術分野
駆動力を得るためのペダルは、自転車、水上遊具、その他人力を主な動力源とする各種機械に利用されてきた。トグルジョイントによる倍力機構は、末端で強圧を得る手動プレス機、穿孔機、金属せん断機等への利用が知られるが、ペダルの強力な駆動力として開示された例は見ない。
背景技術
回転式ペダルは簡潔にして汎用性があり広く利用されているが、その原理は単に梃子の作用のみに拠る。故に宿命的な低トルクから脱し得ず、ペダルにより高出力を得る試みは力学的な成功を見ていない。本発明はペダル装置周辺に倍力機構を取り入れることにより高トルクを実現するものである。ペダル装置に於いて倍力利用が可能であれば、実現困難と見られていた高出力性、省力性、資源エネルギー、地球環境問題に貢献することができる。自転車の高出力高積載力化、水上交通手段をはじめ新たな産業分野への応用開発、展開が可能となる。
本発明は複数のリンクの結合を主体とするため、摩擦が生じ易く、各部品の磨耗劣化は性能低下を招き易い。各連結部摺動部には小型、高性能の軸受が必要であり、各部にわたり軽量・精密・高強度・耐磨耗性・耐水耐腐蝕性等は不可欠である。製品化には先端的な技術と素材の融合に加えて、人体の安全と環境保護への配慮は最優先の課題である。
本発明は人力によるペダルの高出力化を実現したトグルジョイント利用によるペダル装置とその実施例であり、その開示を行う。
発明の開示
従来のペダル装置は、クランクと互いに一体化された駆動ギヤからなり、踏力により連続回転する。この方式は簡便であるが倍力性は無く従って低トルクである。本発明は倍力機構を取り入れたリンク装置であり、ペダルは非回転式で、上下動により高出力を生み出す。
倍力機構はベルクランク(曲り梃子)及びトグルジョイント機構を用い前者は入力部、後者は倍力部と見ることができ両者は常に連動し高出力効果を発揮する。
左右一対のリンク装置の一方を上り位置に他方を下り位置に設定し、双方のベルクランクの支点同軸上に夫々固定された傘歯車装置が左右のペダルの上下動を仲介する。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
本発明の詳細を添付の図面に従って説明する。
(第1図)
ベルクランクの短辺(1)末端には支持体(10)を挟む内側にベルクランクと一体化された傘歯車(11a)を有し、支持体(10)に可動に固定する。ベルクランクの長辺末端(2)にはペダル(9a)を設置する。
ベルクランク屈曲部に同短辺(1)と同長のリンク(3)をピンにより連結・揺動させ、トグルジョイント構造とする。
リンク(3)の下端は摺動体(4)上端にピンにて連結し、同軸上のスロットは支持体(10)に穿たれた溝(7)内を上下に滑動する。
摺動体(4)下端は、支持体(10)内側に軸支した駆動ギヤ(6)の支持体外側同軸上に固定した小クランク(5)にピンにて回転自在に連結する。駆動ギヤ(6)及び小クランク(5)の回転軸(8)は死点を回避するため溝(7)の下方延長線上より後方に設定する。
前述の、傘歯車及び一連のリンク装置すべてを、支持体(10)を挟む他の側にも左右対称仕様にて同様に設置する。駆動ギヤ(6)は一個を共用し左右の小クランク(5)は同じ位置で駆動ギヤ(6)に一体化させる。
一対のペダル(9a,9b)の一方は上限位置に、他方は下限位置に設定する。ペダルの上限、及び下限位置はベルクランク短辺(1)とリンク(3)が機構上最小角の“く”形、及び二辺が縦一直線状態を経過後の最小角“逆く”形となる位置で、人体による駆動に最適な設計配置を行う。
同型2個の傘歯車(11a,11b)は、支持体(10)内側に可動に固定された仲介傘歯車(12)と噛合せて差動歯車を形成する。これにより一方のペダルを踏み下すとき、他方のペダルはせり上がる。
出力は、駆動ギヤ(6)の回転軸(8)より、又は駆動ギヤの回転をチェン等の懸架による従動ギヤ(13)の回転により回転運動として、又は従動クランク(14)の回転により一端を可動に固定した穴あき揺動アーム(15)による揺振運動として取り出すことが出来る。
枢着端であるベルクランク短辺の末端に傘歯車装置を置き、ペダルを踏み下すと倍力機構を経て摺動体は駆動ギヤに強力なトルクを伝え、末端の出力部を駆動する。ペダルが最下点に達した時、駆動ギヤは一回転を終る。他のペダルは差動傘歯車装置と踏力により駆動ギヤより従動されたリンク装置との連携により最下点から順次最上点にまで無理なく引上げられ、次の一回転の踏力に引継がれる。駆動ギヤの回転は、歯車やチェン等の伝動系を経て従動ギヤに伝え最適な駆動力として取り出す。そのほか、駆動ギヤの回転運動を揺動アーム(15)による揺振運動、即ち鳥の“はばたき運動”としても利用出来る。
(第2図)
ベルクランク屈曲部(30)には支持体(20)を挟む内側にベルクランクと一体化した傘歯車(31a)を有し、これを軸として支持体前部に可動に固定する。ベルクランク長辺(29)の末端にはペダル(29a)を設置する。
上リンク(21)の上端は支持体(20)外側に可動に固定し、下端は同長の下リンク(22)の上端にピンにより連結揺動させ、下リンク(22)の下端は摺動体(24)上端に連結するトグルジョイント構造とする。上リンク(21)及び下リンク(22)の連結点とベルクランク短辺(28)を牽引リンク(23)を以って連結する。下リンク(22)の下端は摺動体(24)上端にピンにて連結し、同軸のスロットは支持体(20)に穿たれた溝(27)内を上下に滑動する。摺動体(24)下端は、支持体(20)内側に軸支した駆動ギヤ(26)の支持体外側同軸上に固定した小クランク(25)にピンにて回転自在に連結する。駆動ギヤ(26)及び小クランク(25)の回転軸は、死点を回避するため溝(27)の下方延長線上より後方位置に設ける。
前記、一連のリンク装置を、支持体(20)を挟む他の側にも左右対称仕様にて同様に設置する。駆動ギヤ(26)と一体化する左右2個の小クランク(25)は互いに半回転位置で固定し夫々の摺動体(24)に連結する。
一対のペダル(29a,29b)の一方は上限位置に、即ち上リンク(21)下リンク(22)が機能的に最小角の“く”形となった時、他方は両者が支持体(20)に沿って略縦一直線となる位置に下限位置を設ける結合とする。この位置で互いの傘歯車(31a,31b)を支持体(20)内側に軸支した仲介傘歯車(32)と噛合せて連携、差動傘歯車装置とする。これにより一方のペダルを踏み下すとき、牽引された上下のリンクの伸長により駆動ギヤは半回転する。その間、他方のペダルは傘歯車装置と駆動ギヤの協力関係、リンク装置との連携により最下点から順次最上点まで無理なく引上げられ、次の半回転の踏力に引継がれる体制となる。
出力は、第1図の場合と比較し、より強力である。駆動ギヤ(26)の回転軸より、又は駆動ギヤの回転を歯車やチェン等の連携を経た従動ギヤの回転により、又は回転軸上に固定した従動クランク(14)の回転により一端を可動に固定した穴あき揺動アーム(15)による揺振運動として取り出すことも出来る。ベルクランク長辺(29)の上下運動の最下点にスプリング等を使用した踏み止め装置(33)を支持体(20)上に設ける場合もある。
(第3図)
多数の等長リンクの中心部、両端部を互いに可動に連結したレイジートングと称する多節リンク(パンタグラフ)は、一端に加えた力により他端は急速、かつ著しく伸長収縮する特性を有する。この特性と、機構に内在する倍力構造性を利用し、駆動システムとして採用する。
水上移動は人力にとって極めて非効率であったが、倍力ペダルと多節リンク利用により省力性、スピード性に於て従来の方法に優る。
駆動装置の構造は第2図とほぼ同様である。第3図ではベルクランク長辺(29)と同短辺(28)との作用面を異ならせると共に、駆動ギヤ(26)および小クランク(25)は使用しない。以下は第2図の駆動装置の記述に続き述べるものとする。
支持体(20)下端外側に水平方向に長溝(35)を施した支持板(34)を設置し、本体構造の一部として全体を固定する。
多数の等長リンク(38)のそれぞれ中央部、両端部を互いにピンを以ってパンタグラフ構造に連結し、初端には短リンク一対(36,37)を連結し、多数の同一平行四辺形を連ねた多節リンク構造を、初端中央部から末端中央部に至るピンの延長軸の要所にスライダ(41)を以って支持板(34)上の長溝(35)内に嵌め込み懸架する。
初端の短リンク(36,37)はそれぞれ初端に半円形歯車(39)を有し、互に噛合った状態にて支持板(34)初端に可動に固定する。短リンク(36)及び第1長リンク(38)の中央連結部に至る二辺は倍力機構として機能させる。第1長リンク(38)は短リンク(36)との連結点より上部に固定一体化した小アーム(40)を有する。小アーム(40)は第1長リンク(38)の上部延長線よりやや下向き角度に設け、且つ又、リンク機構の伸長時に短リンク(36)との衝突を避けるため、第1長リンク(38)の厚み分の喰違い構造とする。摺動体(24)下端は、第1長リンク(38)の上端に一体化した小アーム(40)上端部に連結する。
多節リンク構造の末端中央部は水掻き装置(43)と一体となった連結板(42)をピンにより連結し、長溝内には同軸にスライダを滑動させる。
水掻き装置(43)は側板(45)と一体であり、水掻き板(44)数枚を擁する。水掻き板(44)はリンク機構の伸長時に前面に受ける水圧により水掻き体勢(44a)になり水を掻き、またリンク機構が収縮するときは後方からの流圧を受け、直ちに水流受け流し姿勢(44b)となり収縮位置に戻る。
水掻き板(44)は、上から約1/3の位置に支持ロット(46)により側板(45)上に可動に支持させる。水掻き板(44)が水掻き体勢を保持するためのストッパー(47,48)を同側板(45)上端及び下端に設ける。上部ストッパー(47)は水掻き面の側に固定し、下部ストッパー(48)は水掻き面の反対側にロットにより可動に設け、双方とも水掻き時に水掻き板(44)を受止め支える。下部ストッパー(48)は水掻き時に水掻き板(44)に掛かる強圧を平面で支持するのが望ましく、水流受流し時には水抵抗を極力減らすため水掻き板(44)と同理で水流浮動型とするのが最適である。
水掻き装置(43)上面四隅にコロ(50)を取付けた懸垂小板(49)を設置し、4個のコロは本体下部及び船体フロート側面に水平に取付けた2本の溝型レール(51a,51b)内を多節リンクの伸縮に伴い前後に転動し、水掻き装置(43)が後方移動の時、水掻き板(44)は水圧を受けストッパー(47,48)の支持により自動的に水掻き動作を行う。
前記の一連の装置を、本体(20)を挟む他の側にも左右対称仕様にて同様に設置し、一方が収縮体勢の時、他方は伸長体勢とする。
本体下部の前後中央位置に2個の歯付案内車(52)を設け、前内側の懸垂小板(49)どうし、後ろ内側の懸垂小板どうしに歯付案内車を介して歯付ベルト(53)を架ける。歯付ベルトを懸架することにより左右の水掻き装置(43)の前後運動が相互に連携し、駆動部との連携を保つ円滑な全体運動となる。
本体下部またはフロート下部に水中翼(54)を設ける。水中翼(54)の前半分は水平に固定し、後半分は前半分に可動に取付けたフラップ(55)の角度により航行時の船体浮上及び制動装置を兼ねる。本体上部の制動ペダル、またはハンドレバーの操作によりトグルジョイント機構(56)を作動させてフラップ(55)を押下し、水圧の発生により航行を制動する。また、本体上部の舵取り操作により水中翼(54)の前部に取付けた方向舵(57)の角度を変え進路変更する。
ペダルの踏下しによりトグルジョイント部分で倍力された強大な力は摺動体を押し下げ、その下部に位置する小アームは短リンクとの連結点を支点とする梃子の作用により最収縮状態にある第一長リンクを開脚させ、同時に短リンクを水平方向に押し倒す。短リンク初端の半円形歯車どうしの噛合いにより下部短リンクは常に同角度に連動し力の伝動を担う。依って力のズレ、不均衡が発生することなく力は後続のリンクに伝動する。
第2のトグルジョイント機構である短リンク及び第1長リンクの中央連結部に至る二辺は2本のリンクの連結点を押し潰す力により開脚し、その角度が拡がるにつれて倍力性を発揮する。多節リンク構造全体は瞬時に伸長し、先端の水掻き装置では、その倍数比の速度で伸長する故に同理による高い水圧を受けるが、第1、第2の2重のトグルジョイントによる相乗倍力効果はその速度と高水圧のもと水掻き機能を充分に達成する。
水掻き板は上部約1/3の位置にロットによる支点を有し、自然懸架のため停止時には上下の重力比のままに水掻き姿勢である。多節リンク構造が伸長し、水掻き板の前面に水圧を受けると支点上下の水圧比により水掻き作用をおこなう。この時複数のストッパーの支えが必要である。また、収縮する時には逆に水掻き板後面から受ける流圧により水掻き板は水平状態になって水圧を回避しながら収縮時の位置に戻る。
産業上の利用可能性
倍力機構応用の本発明のトグルジョイントペダルは、自転車の高出力高積載力化をはじめ、人力を主動力源とする自転車、遊具、水陸交通手段、人力飛行機具、各種機械分野に従来以上の人的駆動力、生産性向上をもたらし、人力以外の動力源もこの機構に適用できる。省エネルギー問題、地球環境保護問題への貢献も見込まれる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図及び第2図はトグルジョイント駆動装置の実施例を示す図である。
第3図はトグルジョイント駆動装置と多節リンク伸縮機構(パンタグラフ)を接続した水上駆動装置の実施例を示す図である。
第4図及び第5図はトグルジョイント水上駆動装置の実施例(収縮時、伸長時)を示す部分平面図である。
第6図トグルジョイント機構を仲介する傘歯車装置の実施例を示す横断面図である。
第7図(a)は多節リンク機構の収縮時、同(b)は伸長時の状態を示す実施例の部分拡大図である。第8図は第3図の本体支持機構のみを示す図である。
2. Description of the Related Art Pedals for obtaining driving force have been used in bicycles, water play equipment, and other various machines that mainly use human power. A booster mechanism using a toggle joint is known to be used for a manual press machine, a drilling machine, a metal shearing machine, or the like that obtains a strong pressure at the end, but no example disclosed as a strong driving force of a pedal is seen.
Background Art Although a rotary pedal is simple and versatile and widely used, its principle is based solely on the action of an insulator. Therefore, the attempt to obtain high output by the pedal, which cannot be released from the fateful low torque, has not seen dynamic success. The present invention achieves high torque by incorporating a booster mechanism around the pedal device. If a booster can be used in the pedal device, it can contribute to high output, labor saving, resource energy, and global environmental problems that were considered difficult to achieve. Application development and deployment in new industrial fields such as high output and high loading capacity of bicycles and water transportation are possible.
Since the present invention is mainly composed of a combination of a plurality of links, friction is likely to occur, and wear deterioration of each component tends to cause performance deterioration. Each connecting part requires a small and high-performance bearing. Light weight, precision, high strength, wear resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. are indispensable. In addition to the fusion of cutting-edge technologies and materials, consideration for human safety and environmental protection is a top priority for commercialization.
The present invention relates to a pedal device using a toggle joint that realizes high output of a pedal by human power, and an embodiment thereof, and will be disclosed.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION A conventional pedal device comprises a drive gear integrated with a crank, and continuously rotates by a pedaling force. This method is simple but has no boost and therefore low torque. The present invention is a link device incorporating a booster mechanism, the pedal is non-rotating, and produces high output by vertical movement.
The booster mechanism uses a bell crank (toggle insulator) and a toggle joint mechanism, and the former can be regarded as an input part and the latter as a booster part.
One of the pair of left and right link devices is set to the up position and the other is set to the down position, and bevel gear devices fixed on the fulcrum coaxial of both bell cranks mediate the vertical movement of the left and right pedals.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Details of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(Fig. 1)
The bell crank has a bevel gear (11a) integrated with the bell crank on the inner side of the support (10) at the short side (1) end, and is movably fixed to the support (10). A pedal (9a) is installed at the long side end (2) of the bell crank.
A link (3) having the same short side (1) and the same length as the bell crank bend is connected and swung by a pin to form a toggle joint structure.
The lower end of the link (3) is connected to the upper end of the sliding body (4) with a pin, and the coaxial slot slides up and down in the groove (7) formed in the support body (10).
The lower end of the sliding body (4) is rotatably connected with a pin to a small crank (5) fixed coaxially on the outer side of the supporting body of the drive gear (6) pivotally supported on the inner side of the supporting body (10). The rotating shaft (8) of the drive gear (6) and the small crank (5) is set behind the lower extension line of the groove (7) in order to avoid dead center.
The above-described bevel gears and a series of link devices are all similarly installed on the other side of the support body (10) with symmetrical specifications. One drive gear (6) is shared, and the left and right small cranks (5) are integrated with the drive gear (6) at the same position.
One of the pair of pedals (9a, 9b) is set at the upper limit position, and the other is set at the lower limit position. The upper and lower limit positions of the pedal are: the bell crank short side (1) and the link (3) have a "ku" shape with the minimum angle in terms of mechanism, and the two sides have the minimum angle "reverse" shape after the vertical straight line has elapsed. The optimal design layout for driving by the human body is performed.
Two bevel gears (11a, 11b) of the same type mesh with an intermediate bevel gear (12) movably fixed inside the support (10) to form a differential gear. As a result, when one pedal is depressed, the other pedal is raised.
The output is output from the rotating shaft (8) of the drive gear (6), or the rotation of the drive gear as a rotational motion by the rotation of the driven gear (13) by suspension such as a chain, or the rotation of the driven crank (14). It can be taken out as a swinging motion by a perforated swinging arm (15) fixed to be movable.
When the bevel gear device is placed at the end of the short side of the bell crank, which is the pivot end, and the pedal is depressed, the sliding body transmits a powerful torque to the drive gear via the booster mechanism, and drives the output portion at the end. When the pedal reaches the lowest point, the drive gear finishes one revolution. The other pedals are pulled up from the lowest point to the highest point one after another by the cooperation of the differential bevel gear device and the link device driven by the drive gear by the pedal force, and are taken over by the pedal force of the next one rotation. The rotation of the drive gear is transmitted to the driven gear via a transmission system such as a gear or chain, and is extracted as an optimum driving force. In addition, the rotational motion of the drive gear can be used as a swing motion by the swing arm (15), that is, a “flicking motion” of the bird.
(Fig. 2)
The bell crank bent portion (30) has a bevel gear (31a) integrated with the bell crank on the inner side of the support (20), and is movably fixed to the front of the support using this as an axis. A pedal (29a) is installed at the end of the bell crank long side (29).
The upper end of the upper link (21) is movably fixed to the outside of the support (20), the lower end is connected to the upper end of the lower link (22) of the same length by a pin, and the lower end of the lower link (22) is a sliding body. (24) A toggle joint structure connected to the upper end. The connecting point of the upper link (21) and the lower link (22) and the bell crank short side (28) are connected by a traction link (23). The lower end of the lower link (22) is connected to the upper end of the sliding body (24) with a pin, and the coaxial slot slides up and down in the groove (27) formed in the supporting body (20). The lower end of the sliding body (24) is rotatably connected by a pin to a small crank (25) fixed coaxially on the outer side of the support body of the drive gear (26) pivotally supported on the inner side of the support body (20). The rotating shafts of the drive gear (26) and the small crank (25) are provided at a position behind the lower extension line of the groove (27) in order to avoid dead center.
The series of link devices are similarly installed on the other side of the support (20) with symmetrical specifications. The left and right small cranks (25) integrated with the drive gear (26) are fixed to each other at a half rotation position and connected to the respective sliding bodies (24).
When one of the pair of pedals (29a, 29b) is in the upper limit position, i.e., when the upper link (21) and the lower link (22) are functionally formed into a "<" shape with the minimum angle, the other is the support (20 ) And a lower limit position at a position that is substantially in a straight line. At this position, the bevel gears (31a, 31b) are engaged with the intermediary bevel gear (32) pivotally supported on the inner side of the support (20) to form a differential bevel gear device. As a result, when one of the pedals is depressed, the drive gear rotates halfway due to the extension of the pulled up and down links. In the meantime, the other pedal is pulled up from the lowest point to the highest point one after another by the cooperative relationship between the bevel gear device and the drive gear, and the linkage device, so that the pedal is transferred to the next half-turn pedal force.
The output is more powerful than in the case of FIG. One end is movably fixed by the rotation shaft of the drive gear (26), the rotation of the drive gear by the rotation of the driven gear through cooperation of gears, chains, etc., or the rotation of the driven crank (14) fixed on the rotation shaft. It can also be taken out as a swing motion by the perforated swing arm (15). A footrest device (33) using a spring or the like at the lowest point of the vertical movement of the bell crank long side (29) may be provided on the support (20).
(Fig. 3)
A multi-node link (pantograph) called a lazy tong in which the center and both ends of many equal-length links are movably connected to each other has a characteristic that the other end is rapidly stretched and contracted rapidly by a force applied to one end. Utilizing this characteristic and the boost structure inherent in the mechanism, it is adopted as a drive system.
Water movement is extremely inefficient for human power, but it is superior to the conventional method in terms of labor saving and speed by using a booster pedal and a multi-node link.
The structure of the driving device is almost the same as in FIG. In FIG. 3, the operating surfaces of the bell crank long side (29) and the short side (28) are made different, and the drive gear (26) and the small crank (25) are not used. The following will be described following the description of the driving device in FIG.
A support plate (34) provided with a long groove (35) in the horizontal direction is installed outside the lower end of the support (20), and the whole is fixed as a part of the main body structure.
A plurality of equal-length links (38) are connected to a pantograph structure with pins at the center and both ends thereof, and a pair of short links (36, 37) are connected to the initial end to form a plurality of identical parallelograms. The multi-joint link structure that is connected to each other is fitted into a long groove (35) on the support plate (34) with a slider (41) at the center of the extension shaft of the pin extending from the central part of the initial end to the central part of the terminal end. To do.
Each of the short links (36, 37) at the initial end has a semicircular gear (39) at the initial end, and is movably fixed to the initial end of the support plate (34) while being engaged with each other. The two sides that reach the central connecting portion of the short link (36) and the first long link (38) function as a booster mechanism. The first long link (38) has a small arm (40) fixedly integrated above the connection point with the short link (36). The small arm (40) is provided at a slightly downward angle with respect to the upper extension line of the first long link (38), and in order to avoid collision with the short link (36) when the link mechanism is extended, the first long link (38) is provided. ). The lower end of the sliding body (24) is connected to the upper end of the small arm (40) integrated with the upper end of the first long link (38).
The central portion of the end of the multi-node link structure is connected to a connecting plate (42) integrated with a water scraping device (43) by a pin, and the slider is slid coaxially in the long groove.
The water scraper (43) is integral with the side plate (45) and has several water scrapers (44). When the link mechanism is extended, the water scraping plate (44) becomes a water scraping posture (44a) due to water pressure applied to the front surface, and when the link mechanism contracts, it receives a flow pressure from the rear and immediately receives a water flow posture (44b). And return to the contracted position.
The water scraper plate (44) is movably supported on the side plate (45) by the support lot (46) at a position about 1/3 from the top. Stoppers (47, 48) are provided on the upper and lower ends of the same-side plate (45) for the water-feeding plate (44) to maintain the water-washing posture. The upper stopper (47) is fixed to the side of the water scraping surface, and the lower stopper (48) is movably provided on the opposite side of the water scraping surface, and both receive and support the water scraper plate (44) during the water scraping. It is desirable that the lower stopper (48) should support the strong pressure applied to the water scraper plate (44) with a flat surface when water is scraped. In order to reduce the water resistance as much as possible when receiving the water flow, the lower stopper (48) should be of the water floating type. Is optimal.
A suspension plate (49) with rollers (50) attached to the four corners of the top of the water scraping device (43) is installed, and the four rollers are two groove-type rails (51a, 51a, 51b) rolls back and forth in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the multi-node link, and when the water scraping device (43) moves backward, the water scraping plate (44) receives water pressure and automatically wipes with the support of the stopper (47, 48). Perform the action.
The above-described series of devices are similarly installed on the other side sandwiching the main body (20) in a symmetrical manner, and when one is in a contracted posture, the other is in an extended posture.
Two toothed guide wheels (52) are provided at the front and rear center positions of the lower part of the main body, and the front inner belt suspension plates (49) are connected to the rear inner suspension plate between the toothed belts ( 53). By suspending the toothed belt, the front and rear motions of the left and right water scraping devices (43) are linked to each other, and a smooth overall motion is maintained that maintains linkage with the drive unit.
A hydrofoil (54) is provided at the lower part of the main body or the lower part of the float. The front half of the hydrofoil (54) is fixed horizontally, and the rear half also serves as a hull levitation and braking device during navigation depending on the angle of the flap (55) movably attached to the front half. The toggle joint mechanism (56) is operated by operating the brake pedal on the upper part of the main body or the hand lever, and the flap (55) is pressed down, and the navigation is braked by the generation of water pressure. Further, the course of the course is changed by changing the angle of the rudder (57) attached to the front part of the hydrofoil (54) by the steering operation on the upper part of the main body.
The strong force boosted at the toggle joint by stepping on the pedal pushes down the sliding body, and the small arm located below it is in the most contracted state by the action of the lever with the connection point with the short link as a fulcrum Open the first long link and simultaneously push down the short link in the horizontal direction. Due to the meshing of the semi-circular gears at the initial end of the short link, the lower short link is always linked to the same angle to transmit the force. Therefore, the force is transmitted to the subsequent link without causing a force deviation or imbalance.
The two sides leading to the central link of the short link and the first long link, which are the second toggle joint mechanism, are opened by the force that crushes the connection point of the two links, and exhibits a boost as the angle increases. To do. The entire multi-joint link structure expands instantaneously, and the tip scraping device stretches at the speed of its multiple ratio, so it receives a high water pressure by the same reason. However, it has a synergistic boost by the first and second double toggle joints. The effect sufficiently achieves the water scraping function under its speed and high water pressure.
The scooping plate has a fulcrum by a lot at a position about 1/3 in the upper part, and is in a scooping posture with a vertical gravity ratio when stopped due to natural suspension. When the multi-node link structure is extended and water pressure is applied to the front surface of the water scraping plate, the water scraping action is performed by the water pressure ratio above and below the fulcrum. At this time, it is necessary to support a plurality of stoppers. On the other hand, when shrinking, the water scraper is in a horizontal state due to the flow pressure received from the rear surface of the water scraper and returns to the contracted position while avoiding water pressure.
Industrial Applicability Boost joint pedal of the present invention applied to the boost mechanism, including high output and high load capacity of bicycles, bicycles mainly powered by human power, play equipment, land transportation means, human powered airplanes, various The machine field brings more human driving force and productivity than before, and power sources other than human power can be applied to this mechanism. Contributing to energy conservation issues and global environmental protection issues is also expected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of a toggle joint drive device.
FIG. 3 is a view showing an embodiment of a water driving device in which a toggle joint driving device and a multi-node link expansion / contraction mechanism (pantograph) are connected.
FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are partial plan views showing an embodiment (during contraction and extension) of the toggle joint water driving device.
FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view showing an embodiment of a bevel gear device that mediates a toggle joint mechanism.
FIG. 7 (a) is a partially enlarged view of the embodiment showing a state at the time of contraction of the multi-node link mechanism and FIG. 7 (b) at a time of extension. FIG. 8 shows only the main body support mechanism of FIG.

Claims (15)

左右一対のトグルジョイント機構(1,3)の支持体への可動固定端を差動傘歯車装置(11a,11b,12a,12b)の仲介により結合し、その摺動端は支持体(10)上の溝(7)内を滑りかつ摺動体(4)に連結し、小クランク(5)と一体をなす駆動ギヤ(6)に連結、トグルジョイントの一部(1)と一体をなすベルクランク長辺(2)の末端に設置した左右のペダルからの踏力により、トグルジョイントの摺動部にリンクさせた摺動体(4)および小クランク(5)を経て駆動ギヤ(6)等の後続従動部より高出力を得ることを特色とする連続倍力駆動装置。The movable fixed end to the support of the pair of left and right toggle joint mechanisms (1, 3) is coupled by the mediation of the differential bevel gear device (11a, 11b, 12a, 12b), and the sliding end is the support (10). A bell crank that slides in the upper groove (7) and is connected to the sliding body (4), is connected to a drive gear (6) that is integral with the small crank (5), and is integral with a part (1) of the toggle joint Subsequent followers such as the drive gear (6) through the sliding body (4) and the small crank (5) linked to the sliding portion of the toggle joint by the pedaling force from the left and right pedals installed at the end of the long side (2) A continuous booster drive that features high output from the unit. 左右一対のトグルジョイント機構(21,22)の一端を支持体へ可動に固定し、同じく左右一対のベルクランクの支点(30)を差動傘歯車装置(31a,31b,32a,32b)の仲介により支持体に可動に固定すると共に、ベルクランクの短辺(28)とトグルジョイントの結合部とを牽引リンク(23)にて結び、トグルジョイントの摺動端は支持体(20)上の溝(27)内を滑りかつ摺動体(24)に連結、更に小クランク(25)と一体をなす駆動ギヤ(26)に連結、ベルクランクの長辺(29)末端に設置した左右のペダルからの踏力により、牽引リンク(23)を経てトグルジョイントの摺動体にリンクさせた摺動体(24)、小クランク(25)を経て駆動ギヤ(26)等の後続従動部より高出力を得ることを特色とする連続倍力駆動装置。One end of the pair of left and right toggle joint mechanisms (21, 22) is movably fixed to the support, and the fulcrum (30) of the pair of left and right bell cranks is also mediated by the differential bevel gear device (31a, 31b, 32a, 32b). And the short side (28) of the bell crank and the joint portion of the toggle joint are connected by a traction link (23), and the sliding end of the toggle joint is a groove on the support body (20). (27) Sliding inside and connected to the sliding body (24), further connected to the drive gear (26) integrated with the small crank (25), from the left and right pedals installed at the end of the long side (29) of the bell crank High output can be obtained from the following driven parts such as the sliding gear (24) linked to the sliding body of the toggle joint via the traction link (23) and the small crank (25) by the pedaling force. Continuous booster driving device for. 請求の範囲第2項に記載のベルクランク長辺(29)の上下運動の最下点に、支持体(20)上に設けるスプリング等を使用した踏み止め装置(33)を設置した連続倍力駆動装置。A continuous booster in which a footrest device (33) using a spring or the like provided on the support (20) is installed at the lowest point of the vertical movement of the long side (29) of the bell crank according to claim 2 Drive device. 請求の範囲第2項に記載のトグルジョイント駆動装置両側の摺動体(24)下端に多数の同一平行四辺形を連ねた多節リンク伸縮機構を水平方向に接続し一方を収縮状態、他方を伸長状態で設置、双方共その初端から末端に至るリンク中央部の要所を延長ピンまたはスライダ(41)を以って両側の本体支持板(34)上の長溝(35)内に懸架させ、両側末端のリンクに連結板(42)を固定した水掻き装置(43)を連結し、左右のペダルからの踏力により両側それぞれ2本の溝型レール(51a,51b)に可動に支持された水掻き装置(43)を前後に駆動させて水を掻くことにより推進力を得る倍力駆動水上移動装置。A multi-joint link expansion / contraction mechanism in which a plurality of identical parallelograms are connected to the lower ends of the slide bodies (24) on both sides of the toggle joint drive device according to claim 2 in a horizontal direction, one is contracted and the other is extended Installed in a state, both sides of the link center from the first end to the end are suspended in the long groove (35) on the body support plate (34) on both sides with an extension pin or slider (41), A watering device (43) having a connecting plate (42) fixed to the links on both ends is connected, and a watering device is movably supported by two groove-type rails (51a, 51b) on both sides by the depressing force from the left and right pedals. A booster driven water moving device that obtains a propulsive force by driving (43) back and forth and scratching water. 請求の範囲第4項に記載のトグルジョイント駆動装置両側の摺動体(24)下端は、多節リンク伸縮機構の第1長リンク(38)の摺動体(24)側への上方延長線よりやや下向き角度で、且つ、リンク幅に相当する喰違い構造で一体化した小アーム(40)の上端部に連結することを特色とする多節リンク伸縮機構を設置した水上移動装置。The lower ends of the sliding bodies (24) on both sides of the toggle joint drive device according to claim 4 are slightly more than the upper extension line to the sliding body (24) side of the first long link (38) of the multi-node link expansion / contraction mechanism. A water movement apparatus provided with a multi-node link expansion / contraction mechanism characterized by being connected to an upper end portion of a small arm (40) integrated at a downward angle and a staggered structure corresponding to a link width. 請求の範囲第4項に記載の多節リンク伸縮機構初端の短リンク(36,37)はそれぞれ固定端に半円形歯車(39)を有し、互いに噛合った状態で支持板(34)初端に可動に固定することを特色とする多節リンク伸縮機構を設置した水上移動装置。The short links (36, 37) at the initial end of the multi-joint link telescopic mechanism according to claim 4 have semicircular gears (39) at their fixed ends, respectively, and support plates (34) in mesh with each other. A water moving device equipped with a multi-node link expansion and contraction mechanism that is characterized by being fixed movably at the initial end. 請求の範囲第4項に記載の水掻き装置(43)は側板(45)と一体であり、水掻き板(44)は支持ロット(46)により側板(45)上に可動に支持され、多節リンクの伸長時には側板(45)上に設けた上部ストッパー(47)、下部ストッパー(48)により水掻き体勢を保持して水を掻き、又、収縮時には前方からの流圧により水圧回避姿勢で伸長前位置に戻ることを特色とする水掻き装置を設置した水上移動装置。The watering device (43) according to claim 4 is integral with the side plate (45), and the watering plate (44) is movably supported on the side plate (45) by the support lot (46), and is a multi-node link. At the time of extension, the upper stopper (47) and the lower stopper (48) provided on the side plate (45) hold the water scraping posture and scrape the water. Water moving device equipped with a water scraping device characterized by returning to 請求の範囲第7項に記載の下部ストッパー(48)は平面と曲面を組合せた翼型で、水掻き時には水掻き板(44)を平面で支え、収縮時には前方からの流圧により水圧回避姿勢で伸長前位置に戻ることを特色とする下部ストッパーを設置した水上移動装置。The lower stopper (48) according to claim 7 is an airfoil that combines a flat surface and a curved surface, and supports the water scraper plate (44) with a flat surface during water scraping, and expands in a water pressure avoidance posture due to the flow pressure from the front when contracting. A water moving device with a lower stopper that features returning to the front position. 請求の範囲第4項に記載の水掻き装置(43)の上面四隅にコロ(50)を取付けた懸垂小板(49)を設置し、コロを2本の溝型レール(51a,51b)内に保持、本体下部の前後中央位置に2個の歯付案内車(52)を設け、前内側の懸垂小板(49)どうし、後ろ内側の懸垂小板どうしに歯付ベルトをかけ廻し円滑な駆動を図る駆動補助装置を設置した水上移動装置。A suspension plate (49) having rollers (50) attached to the four corners of the upper surface of the water scraping device (43) according to claim 4 is installed, and the rollers are placed in the two groove-type rails (51a, 51b). Holding, equipped with two toothed guide wheels (52) at the front and rear center position of the lower part of the main body, and smoothly drives the toothed belt around the front inner suspension plate (49) and the rear inner suspension plate A water movement device equipped with a drive assist device to achieve this. 本体下部水面下に水中翼(54)を設けリンク機構によるフラップ(55)の角度上下により航行時の船体浮上と制動を兼ねる水中翼浮上制動装置を設置した請求の範囲第4項に記載の水上移動装置。The water surface according to claim 4, wherein a hydrofoil (54) is provided below the lower surface of the main body, and a hydrofoil suspension braking device is installed to serve both as a hover and a brake during navigation by raising and lowering the angle of the flap (55) by the link mechanism. Mobile equipment. 本体下部水中に、従動軸に固定された舵と本体上部の原動軸に取付けた舵取り部を設けて、両軸間に機械運動機構を介在させることによる操舵装置を設置した請求の範囲第4項に記載の水上移動装置。Claim 4 wherein a steering device is installed by providing a rudder fixed to a driven shaft and a steering portion attached to a driving shaft at the top of the main body in the lower water of the main body, and interposing a mechanical motion mechanism between the two shafts. The water movement apparatus as described in. 請求の範囲第4項に記載の水上移動装置の支持体(20)上に操舵席と双胴型浮体構造を設けた人力駆動船。A human-powered ship provided with a steering seat and a catamaran type floating structure on a support body (20) of the water moving device according to claim 4. 請求の範囲第1項に記載の左右のベルクランク長辺(2)から人力以外の原動力投入により出力を得ることを特色とする連続倍力駆動装置。A continuous booster drive device characterized in that an output is obtained from the left and right bell crank long sides (2) according to claim 1 by inputting a motive power other than human power. 請求の範囲第2項に記載の左右のベルクランク長辺(2)から人力以外の原動力投入により出力を得ることを特色とする連続倍力駆動装置。A continuous booster drive device characterized in that an output is obtained from the left and right bell crank long sides (2) according to claim 2 by turning on a driving force other than human power. 請求の範囲第4項に記載の左右のベルクランク長辺(2)から人力以外の原動力投入により推力を得ることを特色とする水上移動装置。A water moving device characterized in that thrust is obtained from the left and right bell crank long sides (2) according to claim 4 by applying a driving force other than human power.
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JP4839483B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2011-12-21 浩司 藤川 Toggle joint drive mechanism
CN104773281A (en) * 2014-01-10 2015-07-15 赵百华 Double-lever wheel blade paddle power-driven vessel
CN104859826A (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-26 赵百华 Double-lever propeller-powered ship
CN104859825A (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-26 赵百华 Light ship provided with single lever and floatboard paddles
CN104859824A (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-26 赵百华 Light ship provided with single lever and screw propeller
JP5753996B1 (en) * 2014-12-05 2015-07-22 有限会社特機エンビス Rowing equipment
KR101827212B1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2018-03-22 조선기 Aquatic bicycle
DE102019207458A1 (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Drive for a watercraft and watercraft with such a drive

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US2184049A (en) * 1938-08-23 1939-12-19 Ernst Gimmi Pedal drive, particularly for cycles
JPS5218373Y2 (en) * 1972-01-10 1977-04-25
US3886807A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-06-03 Robert P Ellis Bicycle operating means
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