JPWO2002046146A1 - Substituted carboxylic acid derivatives - Google Patents

Substituted carboxylic acid derivatives Download PDF

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JPWO2002046146A1
JPWO2002046146A1 JP2002547885A JP2002547885A JPWO2002046146A1 JP WO2002046146 A1 JPWO2002046146 A1 JP WO2002046146A1 JP 2002547885 A JP2002547885 A JP 2002547885A JP 2002547885 A JP2002547885 A JP 2002547885A JP WO2002046146 A1 JPWO2002046146 A1 JP WO2002046146A1
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宮地 弘幸
高橋 雪絵
村上 浩二
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Abstract

ヒトペルオキシゾーム増殖薬活性化受容体α(PPARα)のリガンドとして受容体に結合して活性化し、脂質低下作用、動脈硬化抑制作用、抗肥満作用、血糖効果作用等を示す新規な置換カルボン酸誘導体及びそれらの製造法を提供する。一般式(1)[式中、R1、R3及びR5は水素原子又は低級アルキル基を表し、R2は水素原子又は低級アルコキシ基を表し、R4は水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、nは0〜3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR2に対しパラ位または(CH2)nに対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物及びそれらの製造法に関する。A novel substituted carboxylic acid derivative that binds to and activates human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) as a ligand and has lipid-lowering, arteriosclerosis-suppressing, anti-obesity, and glycemic effects And methods for their production. Formula (1) [wherein, R1, R3 and R5 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group, or a halogen. Represents an atom, a phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group which may have a substituent, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, and the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue is para to R2 or (CH2) n. And a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, and a method for producing the same.

Description

技術分野
本発明はヒトペルオキシゾーム増殖薬活性化受容体(PPARと略す)アゴニスト、特にヒトPPARαアイソフォームに対するアゴニストとして高脂血症や肥満症、糖尿病等の代謝性疾患の治療に有効な置換カルボン酸誘導体とその付加塩及びこれらの製造方法並びにこれらの化合物を含有する医薬組成物に関する。
背景技術
ペルオキシゾーム増殖薬活性化受容体(PPAR)はステロイド受容体、レチノイド受容体やサイロイド受容体等と同様核内受容体スーパーファミリーに属するリガンド依存性の転写因子であり、これまでに組織分布を異にする三つのアイソフォーム(α型、δ(又はβ)型、γ型)がヒトをはじめ種々の動物種で同定されている(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1992,89,4653)。この内PPARαは脂肪酸の異化能の高い肝臓や腎臓等に分布しており、特に肝臓において高発現が認められ(Endocrinology,1995,137,354)、脂肪酸の代謝や細胞内輸送に関連する遺伝子(例えばアシルCoA合成酵素、脂肪酸結合タンパク質やリポ蛋白リパーゼ)及びコレステロールや中性脂質の代謝に関連するアポリポ蛋白(AI、AII、CIII等)遺伝子の発現を制御している。PPARδは神経細胞を中心として生体内各組織に普遍的に発現している。現時点ではPPARδの生理的意義については十分には解明されてはいない。PPARγは脂肪細胞に高発現していて脂肪細胞の分化に関与している(J.Lipid.Res.,1996,37,907)。この様にPPARの各アイソフォームは特定の臓器や組織において特異的な機能を果たしている。
また、PPARαのノックアウトマウスは加齢に伴い高中性脂肪血症及び低血糖症を呈し、さらに白色脂肪細胞の増加を主とした肥満になる事が報告されており(J.Biol.Chem.,1998,273,29577,J.Clin.Invest.,1998,102,1083,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1999,96,7473)、PPARαが血中脂質(コレステロール及び中性脂質)や血中グルコースの恒常性及びエネルギーバランスの調節において重要な役割を果たしている事が強く示唆されている。
ところで、従来より高脂血症治療薬、特に高トリグリセライド血症治療薬してフィブラート系薬剤が汎用されている。このフィブラート系薬剤の作用機作としてPPARαの活性化が報告されている(J.Lipid.Res.,1996,37,907)。更にフィブラート系薬剤がインスリン抵抗性モデル動物において体重や脂肪組織重量の増加抑制、更には低下した耐糖能を正常化させる事が報告されており(J.Biol.Chem.,2000,275,16638,Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commn.,2000,271,445)、PPARαがインスリン抵抗性の改善にも関与している事が示されている。
しかしフィブラート系薬剤の示すPPARα活性化作用は弱く、効力の面で決して満足のいくものではない。またフィブラート系薬剤に関しては胃腸障害、発疹、頭痛、肝機能障害、腎機能障害や胆石等の種々の副作用が報告されていて、その原因としてフィブラート系薬剤の示す種々の非特異的な作用が原因と考えられており、特異的なメカニズムによる代謝性疾患治療薬の開発が望まれている。
そこでPPARαという核内転写因子の脂質代謝調節機構に関する役割及び高脂血症や肥満症、糖尿病等の病態との関わりを考えると、PPARα特にヒト型PPARαリガンドとして直接結合してヒト型PPARαを活性化しうる化合物を創製する事ができれば極めて特異的なメカニズムによる代謝性疾患治療薬としての医薬用途が期待される。
PPARαのリガンドとしてPPARαに対する親和性を有する化合物にはアラキドン酸の代謝物であるLTBの他にシトクロームP−450による酸化を介して生じるHETE(ヒドロキシエイコサテトラエン酸)群のエイコサノイド、特に8−HETE、8−HEPE等が報告されている(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1997,94,312)。しかしこれらの内因性の不飽和脂肪酸誘導体は代謝的にも化学的にも不安定であり、医薬として供する事はできない。
一方、本発明の置換カルボン酸誘導体の類似構造化合物としては以下に示す化合物群等が報告されている。
公開特許公報 特開平11−158144号(エスエス製薬株式会社)に血糖低下作用及び脂質低下作用を有するα−置換フェニルプロピオン酸誘導体として
一般式(A)

Figure 2002046146
(式中、Wは(置換)ラクタム環を表し、Aはアルキレン基またはアルキレンオキシ基を表し、XはO、S、NH、CHを表し、Yはアミノ基、水酸基又はアルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子又はアルキル基等を表し、Rはアルキル基またはフェニル基等を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基またはアルコキシ基等を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物は連結部分のA部分にウレイド基を含まない点及び末端置換基であるWにラクタム環を含む点で本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、またこれらの化合物がヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
国際公開番号WO98/28254号(日本ケミファ株式会社)に血糖降下作用を有する化合物として
一般式(B)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、Aは置換基を有していても良いアリール基又は複素環基を表し、Yは炭素数1から5のアルキレン鎖を表し、Xは結合手、酸素原子または硫黄原子を表し、Wは置換基を有していても良いナフタレン環、キノリン環、インドール環、ベンズイソキサゾール環又はベンゾ[b]チオフェン環を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から8のアルキル基を表し、Xは酸素原子または硫黄原子を表し、そしてRは置換基を有していても良い炭素数1から8のアルキル基、アラルキル基またはアリール基を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物は連結部分のY及びXにウレイド基を含まない点及びプロピオン酸の3位に結合するWは複素環である点で本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、またこれらの化合物がヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
国際公開番号WO98/07699号(日本たばこ産業株式会社)に血糖降下作用及び脂質低下作用を有するプロピオン酸誘導体として
一般式(C)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、RはD及びDで示される置換基を表し、Rは芳香族環、シクロアルキル基及び複素芳香族環を表し、Rはアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子またはアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子またはRと連結して二重結合を形成していても良く、Rはカルボキシル基、アシル基、置換基を有していても良いアルコキシカルボニル基、アルキル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アラルキルオキシカルボニル基、カルバモイル基、NHR基及びOR基を表し、Rは置換基を有していても良いアシル基及びアルコキシカルボニル基を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシカルボニル基を表し、R10は水素原子、アミノ基、アルコキシ基、アルキル基、アリールオキシ基及びアラルキルオキシ基を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物のRを含む側鎖部分のベンゼン環との連結様式は酸素原子に限定されている点で本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、またこれらの化合物がヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
公開特許公報 昭63−91354号(山之内製薬株式会社)にロイコトリエン受容体作動作用を有するカルボン酸誘導体として
一般式(E)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、Aは水素原子またはフェニル基を表し、mは3から10の整数を表し、nは1から6の整数を表し、XはCONH基或いはNHCO基を表し、Rはカルボキシ低級アルキル基又はカルボキシ低級アルキルカルバモイル基(但し、Aがフェニル基の時はRはカルボキシ低級アルキルカルバモイル低級アルキル基である)を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物はR基部分には全てにカルボニル基が存在するので本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、またこれらの化合物がヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
US5227490号(メルク株式会社)にフィブリノーゲン受容体拮抗作用を有するカルボン酸誘導体として
一般式(F)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、Rは水素原子、C1−6アルキル基、アリールC4−10アルキル基、アリール基、カルボキシル基、C1−6アルコキシ基、カルボキシC0−6アルキル基、カルボキシC0−6アルコキシ基、ヒドロキシC1−6アルキル基、C1−4アルキルスルホニルC0−6アルキル基、C0−4アルキルアミノC0−6アルキル基、アリールC0−10アルキルアミノC0−6アルキル基、C2−10アシルアミノC0−6アルキル基、C1−4カルボアルコキシC0−6アルキル基又はハロゲン原子を表し、Rは同一または相異なって水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシル基、C1−6アルコキシ基、アリールC0−4アルキル基、アリールC0−6アルコキシ基、置換基を有していても良いC1−6アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、C1−6アルキル基またはアリールC1−10アルキル基を表し、Xは酸素原子、硫黄原子、SO基、SO基、CO基、NRCO基、CONR基、CH基、CH=CH基、NRCS基を表し、Yは無置換または置換基を有していても良いC1−10アルキル基、C4−8シクロアルキル基、アリール基、C0−3アルキルアリールC0−3アルキル基、C0− アルキルアリールC0−3アルキルカルボニル基、C0−3アルキルアリールC0−3アルキルカルボキシアミド基、C0−3アルキルアリールオキシC0−3アルキル基、CONH基、NHCO基または(CH)m−Q−(CH)n基(但し、Qは酸素又は硫黄から選ばれる1から3種類のヘテロ原子を含むC3−8員環複素環を表し、mとnは0から4である)を表し、ZはNR基(但し、RとRは同一または相異なって水素原子、C1−6アルキル基、アリールC1−10アルキル基でアルキル基は無置換またはC1−4アルコキシ基、カルボキシC0−6アルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子または窒素、酸素及び硫黄より選択される1−3のヘテロ原子を含む4−9員環の単環又はビシクロ環で置換されていても良い)または置換基を有していても良いグアニジノ基を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物はZ基部分に全て置換基を有していても良いアミノ基を必ず含むアミノ酸誘導体である事から本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、またこれらの化合物がヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
PPARα作動作用を報告している特許に関しては、国際公開番号WO97/25042号(スミスクラインビーチャム株式会社)にPPARα及びPPARγ作動作用を有する化合物として
一般式(G)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、Rは2−ベンズオキサゾリル基または2−ピリジル基を表し、Rはメトキシメチル基またはトリフルオロメチル基を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。しかしながらこれらの化合物はRを含む側鎖とンゼン環との置換様式がエーテル結合に限定されている点で本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、更にヒトPPARα結合活性、転写活性化作用を有する事は記述されていない。
国際公開番号WO97/36579(グラクソウェルカム株式会社)にPPARα作動作用を有する化合物として
一般式(H)
Figure 2002046146
(式中、Xは水素原子またはフッ素原子を表す)で表される化合物が報告されている。
しかしながらこれらの化合物はカルボキシル基を含む側鎖とベンゼン環の連結様式が酸素原子に限定されている点で本発明の化合物とは構造が異なり、又PPARαの転写活性化作用も決して満足のいく強さではない。
食生活やライフスタイルの急激な変化に伴い虚血性心疾患などの動脈硬化性疾患の頻度が増加し問題となっている。この動脈硬化性疾患の主たる危険因子として高脂血症、糖尿病、高血圧が考えられており、その病態にはインスリン抵抗性の存在が重要であるとされているが、その成因基盤として内臓脂肪の蓄積による肥満が深く関与している事が明らかとなっている。そこでこれらの疾患に対し総合的に有効でかつ安全性の高い代謝性疾患治療薬の開発が臨床上望まれている。
発明の開示
本発明者らは、代謝性疾患治療薬として有効性及び安全性の高い構造上新規な薬物の創製を目的としてかかるヒトPPARαの特異的な役割に着目し、鋭意研究を重ねた結果下記一般式(1)で表される新規置換カルボン酸誘導体が優れたヒトPPARα結合活性並びに転写活性化作用を有する事を見出し本発明を完成した。即ち本発明は一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物に関する。
本発明における一般式(1)で表される化合物の塩類は慣用のものであって、金属塩例えばアルカリ金属塩(例えばナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、リチウム塩など)、アルカリ土類金属塩(例えばカルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩など)、アルミニウム塩等薬理学的に許容しうる塩が挙げられる。
また、本発明における一般式(1)で表される化合物には、置換カルボン酸部分に基づく光学異性体が含まれる事がある。また一般式(1)で表される化合物の合成の過程で得られる化合物の中には幾何異性体の混合物が含まれる場合がある。そのような異性体及びそれらの混合物はすべてこの発明の範囲内に含まれるものである。
各光学異性体は立体選択的な合成法により製造する事ができる。またそれらは光学活性なアルコール誘導体や光学活性なオキサゾリジノン誘導体と反応させて得られるジアステレオマリックなエステル誘導体やオキサゾリジノン誘導体を分別結晶又はクロマトグラフィーの手法により分離する事により製造する事もできる。さらにそれらはキラル支持体を使用するクロマトグラフィーの手法により製造する事もできる。
本発明の一般式(1)において、「炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基」とは、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル等の直鎖もしくは分岐した炭素数1から4のものが挙げられる。
「炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基」とは、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、n−ブトキシ基等の直鎖もしくは分岐した炭素数1から4のものが挙げられる。
「炭素数1から10のアルキル基」とは、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ヘプチル、デシル等の直鎖もしくは分岐した炭素数1から10のものが挙げられる。
「無置換または置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基」で許容される置換基は炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子を表す。
「ハロゲン原子」とは、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
上記一般式(1)で示される化合物の内、Rが水素原子であり、nが0であり、カルボン酸部分がRのパラ位に存在する一般式(1a’及び1a)である化合物は例えば以下の方法により製造することができる(スキーム 1)。
Figure 2002046146
すなわち、一般式(1a)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表す]は一般式(2)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、R、Rは前述の通りであり、Rは炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表す]で表される化合物(特願2000−158424)と一般式(3)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは前述の通り]で表される化合物を反応させる(第一工程)事により合成する事ができる一般式(1a’)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、R、R、R及びRは前述の通り]で表される化合物のCOOR部位を加水分解する(第二工程)事により製造する事ができる。
第1工程の反応は塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン、酢酸エチル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等の溶媒中にて実施する事ができる。反応温度としては−50℃から150℃にて、好適には室温から溶媒の還流温度にて実施する事ができる。
第2工程の反応はアルカリ性条件下で行う事ができる。アルカリ性条件としては水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム及びこれらアルカリ金属水酸化物とメタノール、エタノール、テトラヒドロフラン等の混合物等が用いられる。反応温度としては−20℃から100℃にて、好適には0℃から50℃にて実施する事ができる。
また上記一般式(1)で示される化合物の内、Rが炭素数1から10のアルキル基であり、nが1であり、カルボン酸部分がRのパラ位に存在する一般式(1b’及び1b)である化合物は例えば以下の方法により製造することができる(スキーム 2)。
Figure 2002046146
すなわち、一般式(1b)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表す]は一般式(4)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、R、Rは前述の通りであり、Rは炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表す]で表される化合物(特願2000−158424)と一般式(6)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは前述の通り]で表される化合物を反応させる(第三工程)事により合成する事ができる一般式(5)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、R、R、R及びRは前述の通り]で表される化合物と一般式(3)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは前述の通り]で表される化合物を反応させる(第四工程)事により合成する事ができる一般式(1b’)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、R、R、R、R及びRは前述の通り]で表される化合物のCOOR部位を加水分解する(第二工程)事により製造する事ができる。
第三工程の反応はパラジウム担持活性炭、白金担持活性炭、酸化白金、ロジウム担持アルミナ等の金属触媒存在下、エタノール、メタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、酢酸エチル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等の溶媒中水素圧98.1kPaから491kPaで実施する事ができる。反応温度としては0℃から100℃にて、好適には室温から80℃にて実施する事ができる。
第四工程の反応は塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン、酢酸エチル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等の溶媒中にて実施する事ができる。反応温度としては−50℃から150℃にて、好適には室温から溶媒の還流温度にて実施する事ができる。
第五工程の反応はアルカリ性条件下で行う事ができる。アルカリ性条件としては水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム及びこれらアルカリ金属水酸化物とメタノール、エタノール、テトラヒドロフラン等の混合物等が用いられる。反応温度としては−20℃から100℃にて、好適には0℃から50℃にて実施する事ができる。
本発明の新規化合物の投与形態としては、経口投与のための固体組成物、液体組成物及びその他の組成物及び非経口投与のための注射剤、外用剤、坐剤等を挙げる事ができる。経口投与のための固体組成物には、錠剤、丸剤、カプセル剤、散剤、顆粒剤等が含まれる。経口投与のための液体組成物は薬剤的に許容される乳濁剤、シロップ剤等が含まれる。経口投与のためのその他の組成物としてはスプレー剤が含まれる。また非経口投与のための注射剤としては、無菌の水性または非水性の溶液剤、懸濁剤、乳濁剤等が含まれる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
次に本発明を具体例によって説明するがこれらの例によって本発明が限定されるものではない。
(実施例1)
2−[[3−[3−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ウレイド]−4−メトキシフェニル]メチル]酪酸エチル
Figure 2002046146
アルゴン雰囲気下2−[(3−アミノ−4−メトキシフェニル)メチル]酪酸エチル(208mg,0.828mmol)を脱水塩化メチレン10mLに溶かした。次に4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルイソシアナート(0.133mL,0.912mmol)を加え一晩室温放置した。減圧下溶媒を留去し、363mg(100%)の表題化合物を褐色油状物として得た。
質量分析値 m/z 438(M).
H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl)δ0.92(3H,t,J=7.8Hz),1.19(3H,t,J=7.3Hz),1.52−1.72(2H,m),2.56−2.63(1H,m),2.73(1H,dd,J=13.7,6.3Hz),2.87(1H,dd,J=13.7,8.8Hz),3.82(3H,s),4.03−4.14(2H,m),6.76(1H,d,J=8.3Hz),6.83(1H,dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz),6.99(2H,br s),7.20(2H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.59(2H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.85(1H,d,J=2.0Hz).
(実施例2−12)
実施例1と同様にして表1に示す化合物を得た。
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(実施例13)
2−[[3−[3−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ウレイド]−4−メトキシフェニル]メチル]酪酸
Figure 2002046146
2−[[3−[3−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ウレイド]−4−メトキシフェニル]メチル]酪酸エチル(464mg,0.815mmol)をエタノール7mLに溶かし、1mol/L水酸化ナトリウム4mLを加え50℃で17.5時間加熱攪拌した。反応液を濃縮し残留物を水に溶かした後ジエチルエーテル洗浄した。次に希塩酸でpH3とし、酢酸エチルで抽出した。抽出液は水、飽和食塩水で洗浄後無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し濃縮して332mg(99%)の表題化合物を淡褐色結晶として得た。さらに酢酸エチルより再結晶し精製した表題化合物を無色粉末として得た。
融点193−194℃; 質量分析値 m/z 410(M);
元素分析値(%) C2021(410.39):
計算値 C,58.53;H,5.16;N,6.83.
実測値 C,58.65;H,5.21;N,6.85.
1H−NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d)δ0.87(3H,t,J=7.3Hz),1.46−1.55(2H,m),2.37−2.44(1H,m),2.60(1H,dd,J=13.2,6.8Hz),2.75(1H,dd,J=13.2,8.3Hz),3.85(3H,s),6.78(1H,dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz),6.92(1H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.63(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),7.66(2H,d,J=9.3Hz),8.01(1H,d,J=2.0Hz),8.29(1H,s),9.70(1H,s),12.07(1H,br s).
(実施例14−24)
実施例13と同様にして表2に示す化合物を得た。
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(実施例25)
2−[[4−メトキシ−3−(プロピルアミノメチル)フェニル]メチル]酪酸 メチル
Figure 2002046146
公知(特許出願2000−158424)の2−[(3−ホルミル−4−メトキシフェニル)メチル]酪酸メチル(1.90g,7.59mmol)、プロピルアミン(0.624mL,7.59mmol)をエタノール50mLに溶かし、10%パラジウム担持活性炭(400mg)を加え、初気圧294kPaにて水素添加を行った。反応終了後触媒を濾過し、濾液を濃縮した。残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 酢酸エチル,次に酢酸エチル:メタノール=1:1v/v)にて精製し、1.63g(73%)の表題化合物を微黄色油状物として得た。
質量分析値(FAB) m/z 294[M+H]
(実施例26−27)
実施例25と同様にして表3に示す化合物を得た。
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(実施例28)
2−[[3−[3−(2,4−ジフルオロフェニル)−1−プロピルウレイド] メチル]−4−メトキシフェニル]メチル]酪酸メチル
Figure 2002046146
2−[[4−メトキシ−3−(プロピルアミノメチル)フェニル]メチル]酪酸メチル(400mg,1.36mmol)、2,4−(ジフルオロフェニル)イソシアナート(211mg,1.36mmol)及び塩化メチレン20mLを混合し一晩室温撹拌した。次にトリス(2−アミノエチル)アミンポリマーバウンド(500mg,2.05mmol)を加え1時間室温撹拌した。反応液を濃縮し、残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 n−ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=1:1v/v)にて精製し、480mg(72%)の表題化合物を黄色油状物として得た。
質量分析値 m/z 448(M
H−NMR(400MHz,CDCl)δ0.87−0.93(6H,m),1.52−1.66(6H,m),2.52−2.56(1H,m),2.70(1H,dd,J=13.7,6.3Hz),2.89(1H,dd,J=13.7,8.3Hz),3.34(2H,dd,J=8.8,6.3Hz),3.58(3H,s),3.87(3H,s),4.47(2H,s),6.84(2H,d,J=8.8Hz),7.02(1H,d,J=2.0Hz),7.09(2H,dd,J=8.3,2.4Hz),7.98−8.04(1H,m).
(実施例29−35)
実施例28と同様にして表4に示す化合物を得た。
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
本発明のヒトPPARαアイソフォームに対する転写活性化作用は以下の試験法によって確認される。
<ペルオキシゾーム増殖薬活性化受容体αに対する転写活性化試験>
10%脱脂牛血清を含むダルベッコ変法イーグル培地(FCS/DMEM)にて培養したCHO細胞に、酵母の転写因子のDNA結合領域とヒト型PPARαのリガンド結合領域(Biochemistry,1993,32,5598)との融合蛋白質を発現する受容体プラスミド及びそのレポータープラスミド(STRATAGENE社)、及び内部標準用のウミシイタケルシフェラーゼプラスミド(PROMEGA社)をリポフェクトアミンにて無血清状態にてコトランスフェクションした。その後10%SFCS/DMEM中で被検化合物を添加して24時間後に両ルシフェラーゼ活性を測定し、内部標準により補正した。
産業上利用可能性
本発明化合物である一般式(1)で示される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物はヒトPPARαアイソフォームに対する転写活性化作用を有し高脂血症や動脈硬化症、糖尿病、肥満症等の代謝性疾患の予防治療剤として有用である。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (abbreviated as PPAR) agonists, particularly substituted carboxyls which are effective as agonists for human PPARα isoforms in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes. The present invention relates to an acid derivative, an addition salt thereof, a production method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing these compounds.
BACKGROUND ART Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily like steroid receptors, retinoid receptors, thyroid receptors, etc. (Α, δ (or β), and γ types) have been identified in various animal species including humans (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 1992, 89 , 4653). ). Among them, PPARα is distributed in the liver, kidney, etc., which have high catabolism of fatty acids, and particularly high expression is observed in the liver (Endocrinology, 1995, 137 , 354), and genes related to fatty acid metabolism and intracellular transport ( For example, it controls the expression of acyl CoA synthase, fatty acid binding protein, lipoprotein lipase) and apolipoprotein (AI, AII, CIII, etc.) genes related to cholesterol and neutral lipid metabolism. PPARδ is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues in a living body, mainly in nerve cells. At this time, the physiological significance of PPARδ has not been fully elucidated. PPARγ is highly expressed in adipocytes and is involved in adipocyte differentiation (J. Lipid. Res., 1996, 37 , 907). Thus, each PPAR isoform plays a specific function in a specific organ or tissue.
In addition, it has been reported that PPARα knockout mice exhibit hypertriglyceridemia and hypoglycemia with aging and become obese mainly due to an increase in white adipocytes (J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273 , 29577, J. Clin. Invest., 1998, 102 , 1083, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 1999, 96 , 7473), and PPARα in blood lipids (cholesterol and neutral lipids) and blood. It has been strongly suggested that it plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis and energy balance.
By the way, conventionally, a fibrate drug has been widely used as a therapeutic drug for hyperlipidemia, especially for hypertriglyceridemia. Activation of PPARα has been reported as a mechanism of action of this fibrate drug (J. Lipid. Res., 1996, 37 , 907). Furthermore, it has been reported that a fibrate-based drug suppresses an increase in body weight and adipose tissue weight in an insulin-resistant model animal, and further normalizes decreased glucose tolerance (J. Biol. Chem., 2000, 275 , 16638, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commn., 2000, 271 , 445), and PPARα has been shown to be involved in improving insulin resistance.
However, the fibrates have a weak PPARα activating effect and are not satisfactory in efficacy. In addition, various side effects such as gastrointestinal disorders, rash, headache, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction and gallstones have been reported for fibrate drugs. Therefore, development of a therapeutic drug for metabolic diseases by a specific mechanism is desired.
Considering the role of the nuclear transcription factor PPARα in regulating lipid metabolism and its relation to pathologies such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes, it has been found that PPARα, specifically, directly binds to human-type PPARα ligand to activate human-type PPARα. If a compound that can be converted into a compound can be created, its use as a therapeutic drug for metabolic diseases by a very specific mechanism is expected.
Besides occurs through oxidation by cytochrome P-450 HETE (hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acid) group eicosanoids LTB 4 in compounds with affinity for PPARα as ligands of PPARα is a metabolite of arachidonic acid, in particular 8 -HETE, 8-HEPE and the like have been reported (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 1997, 94 , 312). However, these endogenous unsaturated fatty acid derivatives are metabolically and chemically unstable and cannot be used as medicines.
On the other hand, the following compound groups and the like have been reported as similar structural compounds of the substituted carboxylic acid derivative of the present invention.
JP-A-11-158144 (SS Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) discloses, as an α-substituted phenylpropionic acid derivative having a blood glucose lowering effect and a lipid lowering effect, a compound represented by the general formula (A):
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein, W represents a (substituted) lactam ring, A represents an alkylene group or an alkyleneoxy group, X represents O, S, NH, CH 2 , and Y 1 represents an amino group, a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group. , R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or the like, R 2 represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or the like, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or the like). .
However, these compounds differ in structure from the compounds of the present invention in that they do not contain a ureido group in the A portion of the linking moiety and that they contain a lactam ring in the terminal substituent W, and these compounds have a human PPARα binding activity. It does not describe that it has a transcription activating effect.
International Publication No. WO98 / 28254 (Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd.) has a compound of the general formula (B) as a compound having a hypoglycemic action.
Figure 2002046146
(In the formula, A 1 represents an aryl group or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, Y 2 represents an alkylene chain having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, X 4 represents a bond, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. W 1 represents a naphthalene ring, a quinoline ring, an indole ring, a benzisoxazole ring or a benzo [b] thiophene ring which may have a substituent, and R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. X 5 represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and R 5 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group or an aryl group). Compounds have been reported.
However, these compounds differ in structure from the compounds of the present invention in that they do not contain a ureido group in Y 2 and X 4 of the linking moiety and that W 1 bonded to the 3-position of propionic acid is a heterocyclic ring. No compound is described as having a human PPARα binding activity and a transcription activating effect.
International Publication No. WO98 / 07699 (Nippon Tobacco Inc.) has a general formula (C) as a propionic acid derivative having hypoglycemic action and lipid-lowering action.
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein, R represents a substituent represented by D 1 and D 2 , R 1 represents an aromatic ring, a cycloalkyl group, and a heteroaromatic ring, R 5 represents an alkyl group, and R 4 represents a hydrogen atom. Or an alkyl group, R 6 may be linked to a hydrogen atom or R 9 to form a double bond, and R 7 may be a carboxyl group, an acyl group, or an optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl group. , alkyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, aralkyloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, NHR 8 group and oR 8 group, R 8 represents an acyl group and an alkoxycarbonyl group optionally having a substituent, R 9 Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, an amino group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, an aryloxy group, and an aralkyloxy group. The compounds represented are reported.
However, these compounds are different in structure from the compounds of the present invention in that the linking mode of the side chain containing R to the benzene ring is limited to an oxygen atom, and these compounds have human PPARα binding activity and transcription activity. No chemical effect is described.
JP-A-63-91354 (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) discloses a carboxylic acid derivative having a leukotriene receptor activating action represented by the general formula (E):
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein A represents a hydrogen atom or a phenyl group, m represents an integer of 3 to 10, n represents an integer of 1 to 6, X represents a CONH group or an NHCO group, and R represents a carboxy lower alkyl group. Alternatively, a compound represented by a carboxy lower alkylcarbamoyl group (however, when A is a phenyl group, R represents a carboxy lower alkylcarbamoyl lower alkyl group) has been reported.
However, these compounds have a different structure from the compounds of the present invention because all R groups have a carbonyl group, and it is not described that these compounds have human PPARα binding activity and transcription activating activity. .
US Pat. No. 5,227,490 (Merck Co., Ltd.) discloses a carboxylic acid derivative having a fibrinogen receptor antagonistic activity represented by the general formula (F):
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein, R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6 alkyl group, an aryl C 4-10 alkyl group, an aryl group, a carboxyl group, a C 1-6 alkoxy group, a carboxy C 0-6 alkyl group, a carboxy C 0- 6 alkoxy group, hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1-4 alkylsulfonyl C 0-6 alkyl group, C 0-4 alkylamino C 0-6 alkyl group, aryl C 0-10 alkylamino C 0-6 alkyl A C 2-10 acylamino C 0-6 alkyl group, a C 1-4 carboalkoxy C 0-6 alkyl group or a halogen atom, wherein R 2 is the same or different and is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, 1-6 alkoxy group, aryl C 0-4 alkyl group, aryl C 0-6 alkoxy group, C 1-6 alkyl group which may have a substituent R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6 alkyl group or an aryl C 1-10 alkyl group, and X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an SO group, an SO 2 group, a CO group, an NR 4 CO group, a CONR Y represents four groups, a CH 2 group, a CH 基 CH group, or an NR 4 CS group, and Y represents a C 1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C 1-10 alkyl group, a C 4-8 cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group , C 0-3 alkylaryl C 0-3 alkyl group, C 0- 3 alkylaryl C 0-3 alkylcarbonyl group, C 0-3 alkylaryl C 0-3 alkylcarboxyamide group, C 0-3 alkylaryloxy C 0-3 alkyl group, CONH group, NHCO group, or (CH 2 ) mQ- (CH 2 ) n group (where Q is C 3 -C containing 1 to 3 types of heteroatoms selected from oxygen or sulfur) 8 Represents heterocycle, m and n represents 0 is 4), Z is NR 4 R 5 group (wherein, R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and a hydrogen atom, C 1-6 alkyl group, In the aryl C 1-10 alkyl group, the alkyl group is unsubstituted or a C 1-4 alkoxy group, a carboxy C 0-6 alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a 1-3 hetero atom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Which may be substituted with a 4- to 9-membered monocyclic or bicyclo ring) or a guanidino group which may have a substituent.
However, these compounds are structurally different from the compounds of the present invention because they are amino acid derivatives which necessarily contain an amino group which may have a substituent in the Z group part, and these compounds have human PPARα binding activity, It has not been described that it has a transcription activating effect.
Regarding patents reporting PPARα agonism, International Publication No. WO 97/25042 (SmithKline Beecham Co., Ltd.) discloses compounds having general formula (G) as compounds having PPARα and PPARγ agonism.
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein, Ra represents a 2-benzoxazolyl group or a 2-pyridyl group, and Rb represents a methoxymethyl group or a trifluoromethyl group). However, these compounds differ in structure from the compounds of the present invention in that the substitution mode between the side chain containing Ra and the Zensen ring is limited to an ether bond, and further have a human PPARα binding activity and a transcription activating activity. The thing is not described.
International Publication No. WO97 / 36579 (GlaxoWelcome Co., Ltd.) has the general formula (H)
Figure 2002046146
(Wherein, X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom).
However, these compounds differ in structure from the compounds of the present invention in that the linkage between the carboxyl group-containing side chain and the benzene ring is limited to oxygen atoms, and the PPARα transcriptional activating effect is never satisfactory. Not that.
The frequency of arteriosclerotic diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, is increasing due to rapid changes in eating habits and lifestyle. Hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension are considered as the main risk factors for this arteriosclerotic disease, and the presence of insulin resistance is considered to be important in the pathological condition. It is clear that obesity due to accumulation is deeply involved. Therefore, there is a clinical need for the development of a therapeutic drug for metabolic diseases which is comprehensively effective and highly safe for these diseases.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have focused on the specific role of human PPARα for the purpose of creating a structurally novel drug having high efficacy and safety as a therapeutic drug for metabolic diseases, and as a result of intensive studies. The present inventors have found that the novel substituted carboxylic acid derivative represented by the following general formula (1) has excellent human PPARα binding activity and transcription activating effect, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to the general formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) is in the para-position to the n substituent]], a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof.
The salts of the compound represented by the general formula (1) in the present invention are conventional ones, and include metal salts such as alkali metal salts (eg, sodium salt, potassium salt, lithium salt, etc.) and alkaline earth metal salts (eg, calcium salt). Pharmacologically acceptable salts such as aluminum salts and the like.
Further, the compound represented by the general formula (1) in the present invention may include an optical isomer based on a substituted carboxylic acid moiety. In some cases, compounds obtained in the course of synthesis of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include a mixture of geometric isomers. All such isomers and mixtures thereof are included within the scope of the present invention.
Each optical isomer can be produced by a stereoselective synthesis method. They can also be produced by separating diastereomeric ester derivatives or oxazolidinone derivatives obtained by reacting with an optically active alcohol derivative or an optically active oxazolidinone derivative by means of fractional crystallization or chromatography. Further, they can be produced by a chromatography technique using a chiral support.
In the general formula (1) of the present invention, the “lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” includes straight or branched ones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and butyl. .
The “lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” includes straight or branched ones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an isopropoxy group and an n-butoxy group.
The “C 1-10 alkyl group” includes straight or branched C 1-10 alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, heptyl and decyl.
Substituents permitted in the “unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group” represent a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.
“Halogen atom” includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Among the compounds represented by the general formula (1), compounds wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom, n is 0, and the carboxylic acid moiety is a general formula (1a ′ and 1a) in which the carboxylic acid moiety is present at the para position of R 2 Can be produced, for example, by the following method (Scheme 1).
Figure 2002046146
That is, the general formula (1a)
Figure 2002046146
[In the formula, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group. Represents a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group] is represented by the general formula (2)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 and R 2 are as described above, and R 6 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms] (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-158424) and a general formula (3)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 4 is as defined above], which can be synthesized by reacting a compound represented by the following formula (first step):
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 and R 6 are as described above]. The compound can be produced by hydrolyzing the COOR 6 site of the compound (second step).
The reaction in the first step can be carried out in a solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N, N-dimethylformamide. The reaction can be carried out at a reaction temperature of -50 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably at room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent.
The reaction of the second step can be performed under alkaline conditions. As the alkaline condition, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of these alkali metal hydroxides with methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran or the like is used. The reaction can be carried out at a reaction temperature of -20 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 50 ° C.
In the compound represented by the general formula (1), R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, n is 1, and a carboxylic acid moiety is present at a para position of R 2. Compounds (1) and (1b) can be produced, for example, by the following method (Scheme 2).
Figure 2002046146
That is, the general formula (1b)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents an alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group] General formula (4)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 1 and R 2 are as described above, and R 6 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms] (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-158424) and a general formula (6)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 3 is as described above], and a compound represented by the following general formula (5) can be synthesized by reacting the compound (third step).
Figure 2002046146
Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 6 are as described above, and a compound represented by the general formula (3)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 4 is as defined above], and can be synthesized by reacting a compound represented by the following formula (4th step):
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 6 are as described above]. The compound can be produced by hydrolyzing the COOR 6 site (second step).
The reaction in the third step is carried out in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or N, N-dimethylformamide in the presence of a metal catalyst such as palladium on activated carbon, platinum on activated carbon, platinum oxide or rhodium on alumina. It can be carried out at 1 kPa to 491 kPa. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 0 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably at room temperature to 80 ° C.
The reaction of the fourth step can be carried out in a solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N, N-dimethylformamide. The reaction can be carried out at a reaction temperature of -50 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably at room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent.
The reaction of the fifth step can be performed under alkaline conditions. As the alkaline condition, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of these alkali metal hydroxides with methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran or the like is used. The reaction can be carried out at a reaction temperature of -20 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 50 ° C.
Examples of the dosage form of the novel compound of the present invention include solid compositions, liquid compositions and other compositions for oral administration, and injections, external preparations and suppositories for parenteral administration. Solid compositions for oral administration include tablets, pills, capsules, powders, granules and the like. Liquid compositions for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, syrups and the like. Other compositions for oral administration include sprays. Injections for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions and the like.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(Example 1)
Ethyl 2-[[3- [3- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ureido] -4-methoxyphenyl] methyl] butyrate
Figure 2002046146
Under an argon atmosphere, ethyl 2-[(3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl) methyl] butyrate (208 mg, 0.828 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of dehydrated methylene chloride. Next, 4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl isocyanate (0.133 mL, 0.912 mmol) was added, and the mixture was left overnight at room temperature. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 363 mg (100%) of the title compound as a brown oil.
Mass spec. M / z 438 (M + ).
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 0.92 (3H, t, J = 7.8 Hz), 1.19 (3H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.52-1.72 (2H, m), 2.56-2.63 (1H, m), 2.73 (1H, dd, J = 13.7, 6.3 Hz), 2.87 (1H, dd, J = 13.7, 8) 2.8 Hz), 3.82 (3H, s), 4.03-4.14 (2H, m), 6.76 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.83 (1H, dd, J) = 8.3, 2.0 Hz), 6.99 (2H, br s), 7.20 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.59 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.85 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz).
(Example 2-12)
The compounds shown in Table 1 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(Example 13)
2-[[3- [3- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ureido] -4-methoxyphenyl] methyl] butyric acid
Figure 2002046146
Ethyl 2-[[3- [3- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ureido] -4-methoxyphenyl] methyl] butyrate (464 mg, 0.815 mmol) was dissolved in 7 mL of ethanol, and 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide was added. 4 mL was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 17.5 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated, the residue was dissolved in water, and washed with diethyl ether. Next, the mixture was adjusted to pH 3 with diluted hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was washed with water and saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to obtain 332 mg (99%) of the title compound as pale brown crystals. The title compound purified by recrystallization from ethyl acetate was obtained as a colorless powder.
Melting point 193-194 ° C; mass spectrometry m / z 410 (M + );
Elemental analysis (%) C 20 H 21 F 3 N 2 O 4 (410.39):
Calculated C, 58.53; H, 5.16; N, 6.83.
Found: C, 58.65; H, 5.21; N, 6.85.
1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO- d 6) δ0.87 (3H, t, J = 7.3Hz), 1.46-1.55 (2H, m), 2.37-2.44 (1H, m ), 2.60 (1H, dd, J = 13.2, 6.8 Hz), 2.75 (1H, dd, J = 13.2, 8.3 Hz), 3.85 (3H, s), 6 .78 (1H, dd, J = 8.3, 2.0 Hz), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.63 (2H, d, J = 9.3 Hz), 7. 66 (2H, d, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.01 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 8.29 (1H, s), 9.70 (1H, s), 12.07 ( 1H, brs).
(Examples 14-24)
The compounds shown in Table 2 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 13.
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(Example 25)
2 - [[4-methoxy-3- (propylamino) phenyl] methyl] butyrate
Figure 2002046146
A known (patent application 2000-158424) methyl 2-[(3-formyl-4-methoxyphenyl) methyl] butyrate (1.90 g, 7.59 mmol) and propylamine (0.624 mL, 7.59 mmol) in 50 mL of ethanol. And activated carbon (400 mg) supported on 10% palladium was added thereto, and hydrogenation was performed at an initial pressure of 294 kPa. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate, then ethyl acetate: methanol = 1: 1 v / v) to give 1.63 g (73%) of the title compound as a pale yellow oil.
Mass spectrometry value (FAB + ) m / z 294 [M + H] + .
(Examples 26-27)
The compounds shown in Table 3 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 25.
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
(Example 28)
Methyl 2-[[3- [3- (2,4-difluorophenyl) -1-propylureido] methyl] -4-methoxyphenyl] methyl] butyrate
Figure 2002046146
Methyl 2-[[4-methoxy-3- (propylaminomethyl) phenyl] methyl] butyrate (400 mg, 1.36 mmol), 2,4- (difluorophenyl) isocyanate (211 mg, 1.36 mmol) and 20 mL of methylene chloride And stirred at room temperature overnight. Next, tris (2-aminoethyl) amine polymer bound (500 mg, 2.05 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 1: 1 v / v) to obtain 480 mg (72%) of the title compound as a yellow oil.
Mass spectrometry value m / z 448 (M + )
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 0.87-0.93 (6H, m), 1.52-1.66 (6H, m), 2.52-2.56 (1H, m), 2 .70 (1H, dd, J = 13.7, 6.3 Hz), 2.89 (1H, dd, J = 13.7, 8.3 Hz), 3.34 (2H, dd, J = 8.8) , 6.3 Hz), 3.58 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 4.47 (2H, s), 6.84 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7. 02 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.09 (2H, dd, J = 8.3, 2.4 Hz), 7.98-8.04 (1H, m).
(Examples 29-35)
The compounds shown in Table 4 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 28.
Figure 2002046146
Figure 2002046146
The transcription activation effect on the human PPARα isoform of the present invention is confirmed by the following test methods.
<Transcriptional activation test for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α>
CHO cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (FCS / DMEM) containing 10% defatted bovine serum were subjected to a DNA binding region of a yeast transcription factor and a ligand binding region of human PPARα (Biochemistry, 1993, 32 , 5598). And a reporter plasmid (STRATAGENE) and a Renilla luciferase plasmid (PROMEGA) for internal standard were co-transfected with lipofectamine in serum-free state. Thereafter, a test compound was added in 10% SFCS / DMEM, and 24 hours later, both luciferase activities were measured and corrected by an internal standard.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The compound of the present invention, a substituted carboxylic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof have a transcription activating effect on human PPARα isoform and have a high fat content. It is useful as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for metabolic diseases such as bloodemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes and obesity.

Claims (11)

一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) in the para-position to the n substituent]], a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof.
がエチル基である請求項1記載の置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩。The substituted carboxylic acid derivative according to claim 1, wherein R 1 is an ethyl group, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. がメトキシ基である請求項1記載の置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物。The substituted carboxylic acid derivative according to claim 1, wherein R 2 is a methoxy group, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof. がn−ヘプチル基である請求項1記載の置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物。The substituted carboxylic acid derivative according to claim 1, wherein R 3 is an n-heptyl group, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof. が水素原子である請求項1記載の置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物。The substituted carboxylic acid derivative according to claim 1, wherein R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof. カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置がR置換基に対しパラ位である請求項1記載の置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物。 2. The substituted carboxylic acid derivative, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and its hydrate according to claim 1, wherein the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue is para to the R2 substituent. 一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物の少なくとも1種類以上を有効成分とする脂質低下薬。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) in the para-position to the n- substituent], a lipid-lowering drug comprising as an active ingredient at least one of the substituted carboxylic acid derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and hydrates thereof.
一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物の少なくとも1種類以上を有効成分とするヒトペルオキシゾーム増殖薬活性化受容体(PPAR)αアゴニスト。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2) n human peroxisome proliferation as an active ingredient at least one or more substituted carboxylic acid derivatives and their pharmaceutical acceptable salts and their hydrates substituents to be represented by a para position] Activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonists.
一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物の少なくとも1種類以上を有効成分とする動脈硬化治療薬。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) at the para-position to the n- substituent], a therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis comprising at least one of the substituted carboxylic acid derivatives represented by the formula: pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and hydrates thereof.
一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物の少なくとも1種類以上を有効成分とする抗肥満薬。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) in the para-position to the n- substituent], an anti-obesity drug comprising at least one of the substituted carboxylic acid derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and hydrates thereof as an active ingredient.
一般式(1)
Figure 2002046146
[式中、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から10のアルキル基を表し、Rは水素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、炭素数1から4の低級アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、無置換ないし置換基を有していても良いフェノキシ基またはベンジルオキシ基を表し、Rは水素原子または炭素数1から4の低級アルキル基を表し、nは0から3の整数を表し、カルボン酸残基部分の置換位置はR置換基に対しパラ位または(CH置換基に対しパラ位である]で表される置換カルボン酸誘導体及びその薬剤上許容される塩並びにその水和物の少なくとも1種類以上を有効成分とする糖尿病治療薬。
General formula (1)
Figure 2002046146
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or optionally substituted phenoxy group or a benzyloxy group. represents, R 5 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen or C, n represents an integer of 0 to 3, the substitution position of the carboxylic acid residue parts para-position or to the R 2 substituent (CH 2 ) at the para-position to the n- substituent], and at least one of the substituted carboxylic acid derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and hydrates thereof as active ingredients.
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