JPS6397683A - Antifreezing composition - Google Patents
Antifreezing compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6397683A JPS6397683A JP24367986A JP24367986A JPS6397683A JP S6397683 A JPS6397683 A JP S6397683A JP 24367986 A JP24367986 A JP 24367986A JP 24367986 A JP24367986 A JP 24367986A JP S6397683 A JPS6397683 A JP S6397683A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- urea
- calcium chloride
- magnesium chloride
- methanol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 methanol) Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 15
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001617 alkaline earth metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFIRODWJCYBBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrophthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C(O)=O KFIRODWJCYBBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-TEMPO Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1[O] UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical class [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007785 strong electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明の利用分野）
未発ＩＪＩは、殊に即効性のある融雪剤若しくは融氷剤
、積′村抑制剤、結氷防止剤２着氷防ＩＩ−剤又は冷媒
若しくはブライン等としてイ■用な不凍性組成物に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Application of the Invention) Undeveloped IJI can be treated especially with fast-acting snow-melting agents or ice-melting agents, accumulation inhibitors, anti-icing agents, anti-icing agents, or refrigerants or ice-melting agents. This invention relates to an antifreeze composition useful as brine, etc.
（従来の技術）
雪や氷は冬季における交通や民生に著しい障害をｐえる
。このため、従来から広く行われている対策は、食塩（
岩塩）、塩化カルシウム等のハロゲン１ｕ類、尿素又は
エチレングリコール等の氷点舒ド剤を雪面又は水面に散
布することである。また、地ド水が°ｙ富な地域では、
水を直路に放流することも行われている。更に、＋ｌｉ
ｌ自軸の滑り対策としては、スパイクタイヤやチェイン
の！Ａｎが実施されている。(Prior Art) Snow and ice cause significant obstacles to transportation and people's lives in winter. For this reason, the conventional and widely used countermeasure is salt (
This involves spraying freezing point suppressants such as rock salt), halogens such as calcium chloride, urea or ethylene glycol on the snow or water surface. In addition, in areas where land and water are rich,
Water is also being discharged into direct channels. Furthermore, +li
lTo prevent the shaft from slipping, use spiked tires or chains! An has been implemented.
これらの諸方法の中、尿素は、植ｉに対する薬害がない
点及び鉄鋼類に対し腐食性が少ない点で優れているが、
濃度当たり氷点降下能が小さいため、多叶散布しないと
効果がなく、加えて散布地域の雑草を繁殖させる欠点が
ある。また、エチレングリコールは、金属に対する非腐
食性及び低毒性算の点では理想的であるが、高価である
ため飛行場など特殊な場所にしか利用できない、しかも
−２０°Ｃで奏効させるためには、３５％もの高濃度を
必要とする。また地下水の散布は、設備の新設及び保全
に多額の費用を要するのみでなく、地ド水の豊富である
ことが前提条件であるから汎用性がない、更にスパイク
タイヤは、道路面を著しく損傷させるだけでなく、舞い
上った粉塵が路傍地域に粉塵公害をもたらす、最後にチ
ェインの装着は、取付が面倒であるのみでなく、凍結路
面に対しては寧ろ通常タイヤより危険である。Among these methods, urea is superior in that it has no phytotoxicity to plants and is less corrosive to steel.
Since its ability to lower the freezing point per concentration is small, it is ineffective unless it is sprayed in large numbers, and it also has the disadvantage of breeding weeds in the area where it is sprayed. In addition, ethylene glycol is ideal in terms of non-corrosion and low toxicity to metals, but it is expensive and can only be used in special places such as airports, and in order to be effective at -20°C, Requires concentrations as high as 35%. In addition, groundwater dispersion not only requires a large amount of money to install and maintain new equipment, but is also not versatile because it requires an abundance of ground water.Furthermore, spiked tires can significantly damage the road surface. Not only that, but the dust that is kicked up causes dust pollution in roadside areas.Finally, installing chains is not only troublesome to install, but is even more dangerous than regular tires on frozen roads.
従って、実用的には１食塩や塩化カルシウムの散布が優
れているが、これらは植物に薬害を与えるのみでなく、
それらの１′ｉ！素イオンが、橋梁、ガードレール、交
通標識、マンホール等の鉄製道路交通施設を腐食し易い
という欠点がある。特に、これらクロルイオン含有塩類
の腐食性は費通３％前後で岐大となるので、散布された
塩類が融′村又は融氷水で薄められ、飛沫となって車輌
の下面や道路設備に付着し、これらに点状腐食を起こさ
せたり、又は該塩類溶液がコンクリート構造物内へ侵透
して 鉄骨又は鉄筋構造物を腐食するのは看過できない
問題点である。なお、塩化カルシウム笠の塩類は、高濃
度では粘度が高くなり、滑りＰ？！擦係数を低下させる
傾向があるが、この欠点も実用上無視できない。Therefore, it is practical to spray salt or calcium chloride, but these not only cause phytotoxicity to plants, but also
Those 1'i! A disadvantage is that elementary ions tend to corrode steel road transportation facilities such as bridges, guardrails, traffic signs, and manholes. In particular, the corrosivity of these salts containing chlorine ions becomes extremely high at around 3%, so the sprayed salts are diluted with melting water or melted ice, forming droplets that adhere to the underside of vehicles and road equipment. It is a problem that cannot be overlooked if these cause spot corrosion or if the salt solution penetrates into the concrete structure and corrodes the steel frame or reinforced structure. In addition, the viscosity of calcium chloride Kasa salts increases at high concentrations, causing slippage P? ! Although it tends to lower the friction coefficient, this drawback cannot be ignored in practice.
（発明の目的）
以Ｅの実情に鑑み、本発明は、特に低温時における濃度
当たり氷点降下能に優れ、しかも比較的塩害性及び腐食
性の小さい、即効性氷点降下剤を提供するのを重要な目
的とする０本発明は、更に冷媒若しくはプライン等とし
て有用な水性不凍性組成物を提供するのを副次的な目的
としている。(Objective of the Invention) In view of the above circumstances, it is important for the present invention to provide a fast-acting freezing point depressant that has excellent freezing point depressing ability per concentration, especially at low temperatures, and has relatively low salt damage and corrosivity. A secondary object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous antifreeze composition useful as a refrigerant or a prine.
（発明の背景）
以トの目的を踏まえ、本発明者は種々の実験と考察とを
試みた結果、以下の結論に到達した。(Background of the Invention) Based on the above objectives, the present inventor has attempted various experiments and considerations, and as a result, has reached the following conclusion.
Φ 効力、価格等の実用性の見地では１食塩。Φ From the standpoint of practicality such as efficacy and price, 1 table salt.
塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム等のアルカリ又はア
ルカリ土類金属の塩化物が最も優れている。Alkali or alkaline earth metal chlorides such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are the best.
り） 上の塩化物中で１食塩は価格及び非潮解性の点で
優れているが、氷点降下刃に劣るので多積散布しないと
効果がない、しかも植物に対する薬害も最大である。Among the above chlorides, monosodium salt is superior in terms of cost and non-deliquescent properties, but it is inferior to freezing point lowering blades, so it is ineffective unless sprayed in large quantities, and it also causes the greatest phytotoxicity to plants.
Ｑ） 残る４１化カルシウムと塩化マグネシウムとを対
比すると、濃度当り氷点降下刃では塩化マグネシウムが
優れている。但し、氷晶点（Ｅｕｔｅ−ｅｃｔｉｃ ｐ
ｏｉｎｔ）の低さの点では前者に及ばない。Q) Comparing the remaining calcium 41ide and magnesium chloride, magnesium chloride is superior in terms of freezing point reduction per concentration. However, the freezing point
It is not as good as the former in terms of the low value of oint).
（４） 本邦における寒さは、類似の地理的関係にあ
るアメリカ合衆国東部に比べれば緩和であって、北海道
地域においても、最低気温−２０℃を下回ることは殆ど
ないこと、従って、融雪、融氷剤の能力として、氷晶点
を一２０’Ｃ前後に設定すれば充分であること、因に塩
化マグネシウムの１６％Ｃ度水溶液の凍結点は−１９．
９°Ｃであるので、上の設計値に略々合致すること。(4) The cold in Japan is mild compared to the eastern United States, which has a similar geographical relationship, and even in the Hokkaido region, the minimum temperature rarely drops below -20°C. It is sufficient to set the freezing point to around -20'C as the ability of the system.In fact, the freezing point of a 16% C aqueous solution of magnesium chloride is -19.
Since it is 9°C, it should roughly match the design value above.
ｌΦ 特開昭４ ａ −５６７３Ｓｔ明細書の教示する
通り、尿素の添加は塩素イオンの薬害及び腐食作用をか
なり減少させうること、なお、特公昭４０−１４５０８
号の開示する尿素を炭素数１〜４の１価又は２価アルコ
ール水溶液に溶かす方法は、尿素の対アルコール溶解性
が低いため（最高のメタノールでも約１８％／室温）、
該アルコール類乃至尿素の氷点降下作用を充分には発揮
させえないこと、なお、アルコール類は価格が高く、シ
かも１価アルコールの場合は級アルコール類は、引火性
のある欠点を除外すれば、自体無腐食性の即効性氷点降
下剤としては優れたものであること・
他） 塩化マグネシウムの対鉄鋼腐食性は、塩化カルシ
ウムに比し多少大であること。lΦ As taught in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-14508, the addition of urea can considerably reduce the chemical damage and corrosive effects of chlorine ions.
The method of dissolving urea in an aqueous solution of monohydric or dihydric alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, as disclosed in the above issue, has a low solubility of urea in alcohol (even the highest level of methanol is about 18%/room temperature).
The freezing point lowering effect of the alcohols or urea cannot be fully exerted.Alcohols are expensive and may be monohydric alcohols. , it is excellent as a non-corrosive, fast-acting freezing point depressant; etc.) The corrosivity of magnesium chloride to steel is somewhat greater than that of calcium chloride.
（７）尿素には、塩化物の氷点降下作用を補助乃全増強
する作用に乏しいこと。(7) Urea lacks the ability to supplement or completely enhance the freezing point lowering effect of chloride.
！■ 融氷又は融雪剤として即効性を期待するためには
、液状状態としての散布が最もよいこと。! ■ In order to expect immediate effect as an ice or snow melting agent, it is best to spray it in liquid form.
（か ブラインとして使用する場合でも、比熱は＃質濃
度の増加につれ増大するＭので、伝熱効率をＬげるため
には、相対的に低濃度で耐凍性を有する方が望ましいこ
と。(Even when used as a brine, the specific heat increases as the concentration increases, so in order to increase heat transfer efficiency, it is desirable to have freeze resistance at a relatively low concentration.
以上の知見と’ＩＧ実とを基礎に考察すると：液状融雪
、融氷剤を塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、尿素、
低級脂肪族アルコール及び水の五成分系から構成すると
共に、塩化カルシウム。Based on the above knowledge and 'IG facts': Liquid snow melting and ice melting agents include calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, urea,
It consists of a five-component system of lower aliphatic alcohol and water, as well as calcium chloride.
塩化マグネシウム及び低級脂肪族アルコール濃度を成る
べく減らし、しかもできるだけ低濃度溶液の状態で、少
なくとも一２０℃の偏温に耐える水性組成物を交話する
ことが解決さるべき課題として提起される。なお、尿素
は塩化物の氷点降下作用を補助乃至増強する作用に乏し
いところから、その高濃度使用は、却って全体の使用量
を増加させるのみならず、雑草の繁茂を助長する不利益
を生じるであろう、故に１本尿素の濃度も可及的小であ
るのが９；ましい。The problem to be solved is to reduce the concentration of magnesium chloride and lower aliphatic alcohol as much as possible, and to create an aqueous composition that can withstand temperature extremes of at least -20° C. in the form of a solution with as low a concentration as possible. Furthermore, since urea has a poor effect of assisting or enhancing the freezing point lowering effect of chloride, its use in high concentrations not only increases the total amount used, but also has the disadvantage of encouraging the growth of weeds. Therefore, it is desirable that the concentration of one bottle of urea is as low as possible.
（＋１的達成のための手段）
そこで発１Ｎ＋者は以上の課題を解決すべく予め温度を
−２０〜−２１”Ｃに設定された冷凍室を用い、塩化カ
ルシウム及び／又は塩化マグネシウム、尿素並びに水及
び／又は低級脂肪族１価アルコールからなる三〜五成分
系からなる多数の組成に付き耐凍試験を行ったところ、
以下の事実を見出した。(Means for achieving +1) Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, the originator 1N+ uses a freezing room whose temperature is set in advance at -20 to -21"C, and uses calcium chloride and/or magnesium chloride, urea and When freeze resistance tests were conducted on a number of compositions consisting of three to five component systems consisting of water and/or lower aliphatic monohydric alcohols,
We found the following facts.
（ｊ） 塩化カルシウムと塩化マグネシウムとの併用
は、相乗的に組成物の耐凍性を向上させること。(j) The combined use of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride synergistically improves the freezing resistance of the composition.
＜ｂ） 組成物の耐凍性は、低濃度の低級脂肪族１価
アルコールの添加により、著しく向」―すること、換言
すれば、低級脂肪族１価アルコールの添加により、１１
１化カルシウム及び塩化マグネシウムの濃度を顕著に低
下させうること。<b) The freezing resistance of the composition is significantly improved by the addition of a low concentration of lower aliphatic monohydric alcohol, in other words, the addition of lower aliphatic monohydric alcohol improves
Capable of significantly reducing the concentration of calcium monide and magnesium chloride.
本発明は、以りの知見を基礎とするもので、その要旨は
、尿素と塩化カルシウムと塩化マグネシウムと低級脂肪
族アルコールと水とを必須の成分として含む水性組成物
であることを特徴とする不凍性組成物に存する。The present invention is based on the above findings, and its gist is an aqueous composition containing urea, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, lower aliphatic alcohol, and water as essential components. Exists in antifreeze compositions.
周知の如く、尿素や脂肪族１価アルコールの如き非電解
質についてはラウールの法則が適用されるので、物質１
モル濃度毎に一１８６℃の氷点降下を示すことが予知さ
れるが、塩化カルシウムや塩化マグネシウムのような強
電解質においては本法則は適用されない、況してや二種
の電解質と二種の非電解質が共存する本発明の系におい
ては、組成と氷点降下との間に一定の相関を見出すのは
不Ｏｆ能であり、添付第１図の耐凍曲線が複雑な凹凸を
示しているのは、正にその端的な例証である。とまれ、
添付第２図の通り、ｆ！！化カシカルシウム化マグネシ
ウム、尿素、メタノール及びエタノールは、各単独でも
夫々２１．３％−（実測）。As is well known, Raoult's law applies to non-electrolytes such as urea and aliphatic monohydric alcohols, so substance 1
It is predicted that the freezing point will decrease by -186°C for each molar concentration, but this law does not apply to strong electrolytes such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride. In the coexisting systems of the present invention, it is impossible to find a certain correlation between composition and freezing point depression, and the reason why the freezing resistance curve shown in attached Figure 1 shows a complicated unevenness is precisely because of this. This is a simple illustration of that. stop,
As shown in the attached Figure 2, f! ! Calcified magnesium, urea, methanol, and ethanol each have a content of 21.3% (actual measurement).
１６、１％（同左）、６４．５％（理論）、３２％（同
左）及び４９．５％濃度（同左）において＝２０°Ｃの
凍結温度を示す、しかるに実験の結果、１０％のメタノ
ールと７％の尿素とを含む系では、−２０℃の１耐凍性
を与メるためには１！化カルシウム塩化マグネシウムの
濃度和を最低９％ま化カルシウムでは約−５℃、塩化マ
グネシウムでは、約−７，２℃、尿素では約−２，７℃
、メタノールでは−５，１”Ｏ及びエタノールでは約−
３，５℃に相当するので、各成分の相乗作用は明白であ
る。16. It shows a freezing temperature of =20°C at 1% (same left), 64.5% (theoretical), 32% (same left) and 49.5% concentrations (same left), but experimental results show that 10% methanol and 7% urea, 1! to give 1 freeze resistance at -20°C. The sum of the concentrations of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride should be at least 9%. Calcium chloride is about -5°C, magnesium chloride is about -7.2°C, and urea is about -2.7°C.
, −5,1”O for methanol and about −5,1”O for ethanol
Since this corresponds to 3.5° C., the synergistic effect of each component is obvious.
以ド、本発明を導くに至った実験！バ実を記述する。Here is the experiment that led to the present invention! Describe the facts.
（実験内容）
対凍結試験（第１表〜第４表参照）
■ 試料
塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、尿素及びメタノー
ル（いづれも試薬１級品）
１１ｏ 以１−の試料を）゛表記載の配合で１０％メ
タノール水（媒質）中に溶解してビーカーに入れ、−２
０〜−２１℃に保たれた冷凍室内に１２時間以上放置後
、取り出して凍結状態を検する。(Experiment details) Anti-freezing test (see Tables 1 to 4) ■ Samples Calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, urea and methanol (all first grade reagents) Dissolve in 10% methanol water (medium) and put in a beaker, -2
After leaving it in a freezer kept at 0 to -21°C for 12 hours or more, take it out and check the frozen state.
完凍：カチカチに凍結（第２図及び第３［司ではＸ印で
表示）。Complete freezing: Firmly frozen (indicated by an X in Figures 2 and 3).
シャーベット：全体がシャーベット状の氷晶を形成（同
上）。Sherbet: The whole forms sherbet-like ice crystals (same as above).
手練ニ一部又は大部分がシャーベット状の水晶を形成（
同上）。When kneaded by hand, some or most of it forms sherbet-like crystals (
).
微凍：表面に僅かの氷晶を観察（第２図及び第３図では
Δ印で表示）。Slight freezing: A few ice crystals were observed on the surface (indicated by Δ in Figures 2 and 3).
不凍：全く氷晶を観察せず（第２図及び第３図ではＯ印
で表示、）。Antifreeze: No ice crystals observed at all (indicated by O in Figures 2 and 3).
（以下余白）
口１１表（メタノール濃度ｌＯ％、尿素７％）（購ｌ
多綺−）
ｇＢ不：不凍、＊：微凍、半：半坤、シャ：シャーベッ
ト状に凍結（第２〜４表も同じ）。(Left below) Table 11 (methanol concentration 10%, urea 7%) (purchased
Taki-) gB: not frozen, *: slightly frozen, half: half-frozen, sha: frozen like a sherbet (same for Tables 2 to 4).
第２表（メタノール濃度５％、尿素７％）第３表（メタ
ノールｅ１１０％、尿素５％）１５４表 （対照試験）
ｒ ｖ、 ４ 裏 続 ２ ）
［考察］
Ｌ記ｗＳ１〜第３表から明らかなように、氷点降下性に
最も影響をすると思われるのは、第一に組成中の塩化カ
ルシウムと塩化マグネシウム比率。Table 2 (methanol concentration 5%, urea 7%) Table 3 (methanol e110%, urea 5%) Table 154 (Control test) As is clear, the thing that seems to have the most influence on freezing point depressing properties is the ratio of calcium chloride to magnesium chloride in the composition.
第二に媒質中のメタノール及び尿素の濃度である。仮に
画法温度限界を一２０℃以上に置いた場合、ハイドロプ
レー二／グの危険のある手練乃至シャーベ−／１・状態
を生じないための組成中の塩化カルシウムと塩化マグネ
シウム両名の合計比率は、Ａｌｌｌ中成中タノール含量
的８％のとき最低９％（第１表参照）、同、約４％のと
き最低１３％程度（ｗＳ２表参照）必要である。常識的
には１両者中、ダラム当たり氷点降下能の勝る塩化マグ
ネシウムのＪ４比が大である方が耐凍性に優れているよ
うに想像されるのであるが１両者の合計比率を１１％以
丁に限るならば、意外なことに、両者の比が１０＝１乃
至５：６という、塩化カルシウムのψ比が多いか又は僅
かに塩化マグネシウムの品、比が多い場合に組成比が集
中している。The second is the concentration of methanol and urea in the medium. The total ratio of both calcium chloride and magnesium chloride in the composition to avoid hand-kneading or sherbet-1 conditions that pose a risk of hydroplaying if the drawing temperature limit is set at 120 degrees Celsius or higher. is required to be at least 9% (see Table 1) when the tanol content in the All medium is 8%, and at least about 13% (see Table WS2) when it is approximately 4%. Common sense suggests that of the two, the higher the J4 ratio of magnesium chloride, which has a higher ability to lower the freezing point per duram, the better the freeze resistance, but the total ratio of both should be at least 11%. Surprisingly, if the ratio of both is 10=1 to 5:6, the composition ratio is concentrated when the ψ ratio of calcium chloride is high or the ratio is slightly magnesium chloride. There is.
メタ／−ルは、それ単独では１０％ｅ度にしても一２０
℃に耐えることができない（第４表及び第３因参照）、
シかしその共存は耐凍性を高める柄
た有用であって、メタノールの濃度が減少すれば画法限
界線は顕著に後退する（第１表と第２表及び第１図と第
２図参照）０発明の目的からしてメタノールの１４が大
である方が望ましいが、メタノールには多少の毒性があ
り、かつ引火性があるところから、−２０℃以上の耐凍
性を望む場合には概ね１０％、また本州山間部の如＜−
２０”Ｏ未満の耐凍性で充分である地域では５％程度が
適当であろう、尤も、実際の流通形態ではなるべく嵩低
であることかりましく、用時適度に稀釈して適用するの
が許通であるので、流通用の包装形態ではより高濃度に
配合されるのが普通である。Meta/-le alone is 120 degrees even at 10% e degree.
Cannot withstand temperature (see table 4 and cause 3),
However, their coexistence is useful in increasing freeze resistance, and as the concentration of methanol decreases, the drawing method limit line recedes significantly (see Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 1 and 2). )0 From the purpose of the invention, it is desirable that methanol has a value of 14, but since methanol has some toxicity and is flammable, if freezing resistance of -20℃ or higher is desired, it is generally 10%, as well as in the mountainous regions of Honshu.
In regions where freezing resistance of less than 20"O is sufficient, about 5% may be appropriate.However, in actual distribution form it is important to keep the bulk as low as possible, so it is recommended to dilute it appropriately before use. Since it is approved by the government, it is usually blended at a higher concentration in packaging for distribution.
尿素の耐凍性に対する影響は比較的小さく、２５％メタ
ノール木に２０％も添加して漸く一２０℃の耐凍性を与
えうる程度である（第４表参照）、シかしながら、第１
表と第３表との対比から明瞭であるように、僅か２％（
７％と５％）の尿ＪＩＦｆ度差でも、塩化カルシウムと
塩化マグネシウムの画法限界濃度和を約２％程度灸初さ
せる効果を奏している。しかも尿素は無害であって。The effect of urea on freezing resistance is relatively small, and adding 20% of urea to 25% methanol wood can give it a frost resistance of -20°C (see Table 4).
As is clear from the comparison between the table and Table 3, only 2% (
Even a difference in urine JIFf of 7% and 5% has the effect of increasing the sum of the threshold concentrations of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride by about 2%. Moreover, urea is harmless.
かつクロルイオインによる薬害や金属の腐食を抑制する
作用を有するから、その配合は発明組成物にとって有用
である。その配合量は塩化カルシウムと塩化マグネシウ
ムの合計量に対し、局以上であるのが好ましい。In addition, it has the effect of suppressing chemical damage and metal corrosion caused by chlorioin, so its blending is useful for the composition of the invention. It is preferable that the blending amount is equal to or larger than the total amount of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.
ｎ１化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、尿素及びメタノ
ールの総濃度は、当然耐凍性に影響する。The total concentration of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, urea and methanol naturally affects freeze resistance.
実験の結果、−２０℃以上の耐凍性を期待するためには
、本濃度は最小２４％以上必要であることが解った。し
かし興味あることに、この限界値は組成との間にＩＩ立
った相関を示さない、尤も、仔細に見れば、ｍ１表〜第
３表の各実験区（点線で限られた各メ：）における最少
画法濃度和には２４．４〜２７．１：２４；２４．３〜
２６．２のバラツキが認められ、これは四成分間の微妙
な相互作用の存在を暗示する（なお第２図及び第３図の
画法限界線の凹凸併せ参照）と共に、最適の組成の法定
には専ら実験的手法が必須であることを併せ示唆するも
のである。とは云え、これまでの実験結果から見て、塩
類濃度が最少で、−２０’Ｏ以」；の耐凍性を示す最適
組成は、以下の組成であるように見える。As a result of experiments, it was found that this concentration needs to be at least 24% in order to expect freezing resistance above -20°C. However, it is interesting to note that this limit value does not show a strong correlation with the composition. The minimum drawing method density sum in is 24.4~27.1:24; 24.3~
A variation of 26.2 was observed, which suggests the existence of a subtle interaction among the four components (see also the unevenness of the drawing method limit line in Figures 2 and 3), and also suggests that the optimum composition cannot be determined. This also suggests that exclusively experimental methods are essential. However, in view of the experimental results to date, it appears that the optimal composition that has the lowest salt concentration and exhibits freezing resistance below -20'O'' is the following composition.
す５ｉｑｒ−ｓ羞 披−１（釦困コ 髪止工１ツ又は
また、メタノールの濃度を減らした場合には５ｚメタノ
健 ｈｔ ：ｉ 共Ｌμ２友Δ之ユｋ
共［μ２ヱｊ上之ユにの組成が最適であるように思われ
る。従って、流通用の原液を得るためには、稀釈物が以
上の配合となるように、適宜水以外の成分を増量するの
がよい、稀釈水の量は、簡即な方程式により算出できる
。5 iqr-s 1 (button trouble) 1 hair clip or also 5z methanol if the concentration of methanol is reduced
The composition of both [μ2ヱj and above seems to be optimal. Therefore, in order to obtain a stock solution for distribution, it is preferable to appropriately increase the amount of components other than water so that the diluted product has the above-mentioned composition.The amount of diluted water can be calculated using a simple equation.
［その他］
本発明組成物を構成する各成分は、精製品である必要は
全くない０本発明組成物の主要な用途である融雪Φ融氷
剤では、価格が安いことが何よりであるから、種々の化
学工業副生物や粗製物を利用するのは実施上有利である
０例えば塩化カルシウムは、ツルベイ法の副生物である
少量の食塩等を含む粗製塩化カルシウムでも或は苦汁に
石灰を作用させて得られる苦汁性塩化カルシウムでもよ
い、また塩化マグネシウムも、天然カーナリット又は苦
汁から得られる人工カーナリット若しくは苦汁カリ塩で
代替できる。さらにメタノールは。[Others] Each component constituting the composition of the present invention does not need to be a refined product.In the snow melting Φ ice melting agent, which is the main use of the composition of the present invention, the most important thing is that it is cheap. It is practical to use various chemical industry by-products and crude products. For example, calcium chloride can be obtained by using crude calcium chloride containing a small amount of salt, which is a by-product of the Tsurubei process, or by adding lime to bittern. In addition, magnesium chloride can be replaced with natural carnalite or artificial carnalite or bittern potassium salt obtained from bittern. Furthermore, methanol.
エタノール、ｎ−プロパツール、イソプロパノ−る等の
低級脂肪族−価アルコール又はエチレングリコール、ジ
エチレングリコール又はプロピレングリコールの如き低
級脂肪族二価アルコールにより代用できるけれども 、
ｉｌｌ的にメタノールより高濃度で使用する必要があり
、かつ価格的にもメタノールに比し不利となる。Although it can be substituted by a lower aliphatic alcohol such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or a lower aliphatic dihydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or propylene glycol.
In terms of illumination, it is necessary to use it at a higher concentration than methanol, and it is also disadvantageous compared to methanol in terms of price.
本発Ｉ１１に係る組成物は、自体ｐＨ７，５〜８．０程
度の中性乃至微アルカリ性を示すため、金属製品に対す
る腐食性は非常に小であって、水道水より少ない位であ
る。しかし必要ならば、硼砂、燐酸塩類、亜硝酸」工類
、硅酸塩類、クロム酸塩類、タングステン酸塩類、有機
カルボン酸塩類、水溶性有機アミン、界面活性剤、ヘキ
サメチレンテトラミン、ニトロフタール酸塩類、水溶性
蛋白その他、公知の防食剤を添加することができる。な
お、散１（ｉｋの１１安として、メチルオレンジ、ツク
シン、フルオロスセイン、マラカイトグリーン、ウルト
ラマリン、スチルベン系蛍光色素などの無害の色素によ
りｎ色してもよい、かつ、更に必要に応じ、燐酸塩類、
硼砂等の緩衝剤及び、／又はジシアンジアミドのような
尿素安定剤を配合することができる。Since the composition according to the present invention I11 itself exhibits a neutral to slightly alkaline pH of about 7.5 to 8.0, its corrosiveness to metal products is very small, and is less corrosive than tap water. However, if necessary, borax, phosphates, nitrites, silicates, chromates, tungstates, organic carboxylates, water-soluble organic amines, surfactants, hexamethylenetetramine, nitrophthalates, In addition to water-soluble proteins, known anticorrosive agents can be added. In addition, as the 11 base of powder 1 (ik), it may be colored with a harmless dye such as methyl orange, tsukusin, fluoroscein, malachite green, ultramarine, or stilbene fluorescent dye, and if necessary, phosphates,
Buffers such as borax and/or urea stabilizers such as dicyandiamide may be included.
本発明の組成物は、なお必要に応じ澱粉、デキスｉ・リ
ン、植物ガム類、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチル
セルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースなどの増粘剤
や改質炭酸カルシウム、岩石粉、軽石末、スラグ末など
の摩擦増強剤を含有することができる。これらの増粘剤
及び／又は摩擦は増強剤を含有する組成物は、道路や滑
走路に散布する目的には適しないが、屋外階段や手摺、
・１（軸、航空機の窓やミラー類６表面などに塗布して
おくことにより、積雪や着氷を防止することがで５る。The composition of the present invention may optionally contain thickeners such as starch, dexi-phosphorus, vegetable gums, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose, modified calcium carbonate, rock powder, pumice powder, slag powder, and the like. Friction enhancers may be included. Compositions containing these thickeners and/or friction enhancers are not suitable for spraying on roads or runways, but are suitable for spraying on outdoor stairs, handrails,
・1 (By applying it to the surfaces of shafts, aircraft windows and mirrors, etc., it can prevent snow accumulation and icing).
既述のように、本発明の組成物は、成るべく濃厚液の形
に製剤され、そのまま又は椙釈して雪面、水面又は降雪
若しくは凍結の予想される路面、滑走路面、階段、重寄
せ等の面に散布される０本発明の製品は、液状であるの
で即効性があり、かつ、自体潮解性を有するため殆ど乾
燥する恐れがない、このため適用された路面等に粘着し
て長く効力を保ち、かつ食塩の如く乾燥して飛散する恐
れがないので、急速な融雪又は融氷のみなならず、凍結
を予防する目的にも好適である。As mentioned above, the composition of the present invention is preferably formulated in the form of a concentrated liquid, and can be applied directly or diluted to snow surfaces, water surfaces, or surfaces where snowfall or freezing is expected, runway surfaces, stairs, and heavy parking. The product of the present invention, which is sprayed on surfaces such as roads, etc., has immediate effect because it is in liquid form, and has almost no risk of drying out because it has deliquescent properties. Since it maintains its effectiveness and does not have the risk of drying and scattering like common salt, it is suitable not only for rapid snow melting or ice melting, but also for preventing freezing.
（実施例）
以下、実施例及び応用例により発明具体化の一例を述べ
るが、本例示はｈ然説明用のものであって、発明思想の
限定を意味するものではない。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of embodying the invention will be described with reference to an example and an application example. However, this example is for illustrative purposes only, and is not meant to limit the idea of the invention.
実施例
尿素２８重礒部（以下同じ）、塩化カルシウム六水石３
９６５部、塩化マグネシウム３４．２部フルオロスセイ
ン１部及びメタノール３３．６部に木６３．７ ｉｌｌ
を加え、攪拌槽内で充分混合、溶解させることにより、
濃厚着色製品２００部を得た。これを水で倍量に４釈す
ることにより一２０℃以上の耐凍性を有する融雪・融氷
用散布液となる。散布には散水車を利用すればよい、な
お、この原液に更にデキストリンを１部程度の割に添加
し、工場の露出階段や建築現場の足場板などに塗布して
おくと、凍結による転落・ｊＧ故を予防することができ
、また豪雪地帯の家屋の屋根を流下させると、屋根の積
雪を防止することができる、なお、上の原液には殆ど腐
食性がないのいで、自体ブラインとしても有用である。Example urea 28 urea (same below), calcium chloride hexahydrate 3
965 parts, 34.2 parts of magnesium chloride, 1 part of fluoroscein, 33.6 parts of methanol, and 63.7 ill of wood.
By adding and thoroughly mixing and dissolving in a stirring tank,
200 parts of intensely colored product were obtained. By diluting this solution to 4 times its volume with water, a spray solution for melting snow and ice that is resistant to temperatures above -20°C is obtained. A water truck can be used for spraying.Additionally, adding about 1 part of dextrin to this stock solution and applying it to exposed stairs in factories or scaffolding boards at construction sites will prevent falls due to freezing. It can prevent snow from accumulating on the roof of houses in areas with heavy snowfall, and it can also be used as brine itself as the above solution has almost no corrosive properties. Useful.
応用例
第４図は１本発明組成物を屋根のＩ／を雪防止に利用し
た一例を示す概略斜視図である。Application Example FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an example in which the composition of the present invention is used to prevent snow on a roof.
本例においては、家屋（１）の棟（のに沿って多数のオ
リフィス（４，４−−）を有する管０が横設され、鎖管
の末端は、ポンプ■を経て地面（Ｅ＞に置かれた本発明
融雪剤（Ｔ）入りタンク■に達する。降雪時又は降雪前
元スイッチ■を入れると、タイマースイッチ■が動作し
て所定の時間間隔毎にポンプ■を動作させ、これにより
融雪剤（Ｔ）がオリフィス■より霧状に散布され、流下
した融雪剤は膜状に屋根全面を覆うから、積りかけた雪
は自重により屋根から落下する。なお、この目的に使用
する融雪剤は、増粘剤含む粘度の高いものがよい。In this example, a pipe 0 with a large number of orifices (4, 4--) is installed horizontally along the ridge of a house (1), and the end of the chain pipe is connected to the ground (E>) through a pump ■. The snow melting agent of the present invention (T) is placed in the tank (■).When the main switch (■) is turned on during snowfall or before snowfall, the timer switch (■) operates and operates the pump (■) at predetermined time intervals, thereby melting snow. The snow melting agent (T) is sprayed in the form of a mist from the orifice ■, and the falling snow melting agent covers the entire roof in a film, so that the accumulated snow falls from the roof due to its own weight.The snow melting agent used for this purpose is , those with high viscosity containing thickeners are preferable.
本例の装置は、′ｍ＠比が安くて済み、しかも運転費用
も低廉であるから、屋根の雪下しに悩む豪雪地帯の住民
に対し、多大の福音をもたらす。Since the device of this example requires only a low m@ ratio and has low operating costs, it brings much good news to residents in areas with heavy snowfall who have trouble removing snow from their roofs.
（発明の効果）
以に説明した通り１本発明は、特に低温時における濃度
当たり水点降ド能に優れ、しかも比較的塩害性及び腐食
性の小さい、即効性の氷点降１・°剤及び冷媒若しくは
ブライン等として有用な液状不凍性組成物を提供できる
ので、民生及び産業と大きな価イ４を有する。(Effects of the Invention) As explained below, the present invention provides a quick-acting freezing point depressing agent and a liquid that have excellent water point depressing ability per concentration, especially at low temperatures, and are comparatively less salt-damaged and corrosive. Since it can provide a liquid antifreeze composition useful as a refrigerant or brine, it has a large value of 4 for both consumer and industrial purposes.
第１図は、ｔＵ・化カルシウム、塩化プグネシウム、尿
素、メタノール及エタノールの濃度と凍結点との関係を
示すグラフ、第２図及び第３図は。
塩化カルシウム・塩化マグネシウム・尿素・メタノール
・水五成分系の組成と一２０℃における凍結性との関係
を示す三角グラフ（以上各図の説明は図中に記数法）、
第４図は１本発明組成物を屋根の積雪防１Ｆに利用した
７例を示す概略斜視図である。第４図中の符号の意味は
、以下の通りニーｌ：家屋、２：１の棟、３ニスプレイ
用管、４：３のオリフィス、５：ポンプ、６：融雪剤タ
ンク、７：元スイッチ、８：タイマースイッチ−FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of tU/calcium chloride, pgnesium chloride, urea, methanol, and ethanol and the freezing point, and FIGS. A trigonometric graph showing the relationship between the composition of the five-component system of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, urea, methanol, and water and the freezing property at -20°C (the explanations for each figure above are given using numbers in the figure),
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing seven examples in which the composition of the present invention was used to prevent snow accumulation on a roof. The meanings of the symbols in Fig. 4 are as follows: knee 1: house, 2: 1 ridge, 3 nisplay pipe, 4: 3 orifice, 5: pump, 6: snow melting agent tank, 7: main switch, 8: Timer switch
Claims (7)
脂肪族アルコールと水とを必須の成分として含む水性組
成物であることを特徴とする不凍性組成物。(1) An antifreeze composition characterized in that it is an aqueous composition containing urea, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, lower aliphatic alcohol, and water as essential components.
重量比が、５：４〜６：４である特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の組成物。(2) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of calcium chloride to magnesium chloride in the composition is 5:4 to 6:4.
求の範囲第１項記載の組成物。(3) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the lower aliphatic alcohol is methanol.
請求の範囲第３項記載の組成物。(4) The composition according to claim 3, wherein the amount of methanol in the composition is 3% or more.
ネシウムの合計量の１／３以上である特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の組成物。(5) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of urea in the composition is 1/3 or more of the total amount of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.
摩擦増強剤等の添加物を含む特許請求の範囲第１項から
第３項のいづれかに記載の組成物。(6) The composition includes an anticorrosive agent, a pH buffer, a stabilizer, a pigment,
A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 containing additives such as friction enhancers.
ら第６項のいづれかに記載の組成物。(7) The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition is in a concentrated liquid form.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24367986A JPS6397683A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Antifreezing composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24367986A JPS6397683A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Antifreezing composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6397683A true JPS6397683A (en) | 1988-04-28 |
Family
ID=17107375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24367986A Pending JPS6397683A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Antifreezing composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6397683A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03174484A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-07-29 | Suzuka Toryo Kk | Thawing agent for ice, etc. |
| US5683619A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-11-04 | Ossian, Inc. | De-icing composition and method for making same |
| US7122127B1 (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2006-10-17 | Ossian, Inc. | Environmental friendly liquid ice melter |
| JP2014520181A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-08-21 | アクゾ ノーベル ケミカルズ インターナショナル ベスローテン フエンノートシャップ | Antifreeze composition |
| JP2014522438A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-09-04 | アクゾ ノーベル ケミカルズ インターナショナル ベスローテン フエンノートシャップ | Antifreeze composition |
| US9133378B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-09-15 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Deicing composition |
| JP2022032023A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-24 | ジェマ コーポレイション カンパニー リミテッド | Eco-friendly agent for melting ice and preventing icing |
-
1986
- 1986-10-14 JP JP24367986A patent/JPS6397683A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03174484A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-07-29 | Suzuka Toryo Kk | Thawing agent for ice, etc. |
| US5683619A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-11-04 | Ossian, Inc. | De-icing composition and method for making same |
| US7122127B1 (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2006-10-17 | Ossian, Inc. | Environmental friendly liquid ice melter |
| JP2014520181A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-08-21 | アクゾ ノーベル ケミカルズ インターナショナル ベスローテン フエンノートシャップ | Antifreeze composition |
| JP2014522438A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-09-04 | アクゾ ノーベル ケミカルズ インターナショナル ベスローテン フエンノートシャップ | Antifreeze composition |
| US9150767B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2015-10-06 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Deicing composition |
| US9163172B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2015-10-20 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Deicing composition |
| US9133378B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-09-15 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Deicing composition |
| JP2022032023A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-24 | ジェマ コーポレイション カンパニー リミテッド | Eco-friendly agent for melting ice and preventing icing |
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