JPS6397142A - Tonometer - Google Patents
TonometerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6397142A JPS6397142A JP61244742A JP24474286A JPS6397142A JP S6397142 A JPS6397142 A JP S6397142A JP 61244742 A JP61244742 A JP 61244742A JP 24474286 A JP24474286 A JP 24474286A JP S6397142 A JPS6397142 A JP S6397142A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cornea
- light
- optical system
- reliability
- tonometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004410 intraocular pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000720 eyelash Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000744 eyelid Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004397 blinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、被検眼の角膜に空気を吹き付けて変形し、こ
の変形を光学的に検知して眼圧を求める所謂非接触型の
眼圧計に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is directed to a so-called non-contact tonometer that deforms the cornea of an eye to be examined by blowing air on it, and measures the intraocular pressure by optically detecting this deformation. It is related to.
［従来の技術］
従来のこの種の眼圧計においては、測定値の信頼度をチ
ェックする機能がないために、測定を数回繰り返して行
い、その中の大きく外れた測定値は捨て、それらしい測
定値を勘に頼って見分けているので、極めて非科学的で
あり正確性に欠けるという問題がある。[Prior art] Conventional tonometers of this type do not have a function to check the reliability of the measured values, so measurements are repeated several times, and the measured values that deviate greatly are discarded and those that are likely to be Since the measurement values are determined based on intuition, there is a problem that it is extremely unscientific and lacks accuracy.
［発明の目的］
本発明の目的は、上述にような問題を改善するため、測
定の信頼度をチェックできるようにした眼圧計を提供す
ることにある。[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a tonometer that can check the reliability of measurement in order to improve the above-mentioned problems.
［発明の概要］
上述の目的を達成するための本発明の要旨は、被検眼の
角膜に空気を吹き付けて一定の変形を与える空気流発生
装置と、角膜に眼圧測定光束を投影する投影光学系と、
角膜反射光を受光する受光光学系と、該受光光学系で受
光した光電信号から角膜の変形時に発生する異常信号を
検知して信頼度を求める演算手段と、該演算手段で算出
した信頻度を表示する手段とを有することを特徴とする
眼圧計である。[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned object is to provide an air flow generating device that blows air onto the cornea of an eye to be examined to cause a certain deformation, and a projection optical system that projects an intraocular pressure measurement light beam onto the cornea. system and
A light-receiving optical system that receives corneal reflected light, a calculation means for detecting an abnormal signal generated when the cornea is deformed from the photoelectric signal received by the light-receiving optical system and calculating reliability, and a calculation means for determining reliability by detecting an abnormal signal generated when the cornea is deformed from the photoelectric signal received by the light reception optical system. A tonometer characterized by having a display means.
［発明の実施例］ 本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。[Embodiments of the invention] The present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
第１図は本発明に係る眼圧計の光学系の一例を示し、こ
の第１図において、ツルイドによりピストン１を駆動し
てシリンダ２内の空気を圧縮し、ノズル３がら空気流を
噴射して被検ＩＩ１．！ Ｅの角膜Ｅｃに吹き付け、角
膜Ｅｃに一定の変形を与えるようになっている。この変
形には眼圧が関係するので、一定量の変形をグーえる圧
力により眼圧を求めることができる。シリンダ２には、
角１１ＪＥｃの変形を検知する光学系の光路に当る部分
に窓をあける必要があり、この窓部分には平板ガラス、
レンズ等から成る光透過部材４．５が設けられ、ノズル
３は被検眼Ｅに面する光透過部材４の中心に取り付けら
れている。更に、角膜Ｅｃの変形を光学的に検知するた
め、角膜Ｅｃに眼圧測定光束を投影する投影光学系と、
その角膜反射を受光する受光光学系とが設けられている
。実施例では投影光学系は光透過部材４．５の背後に設
けられたレンズ６、光分割部材７、及びこの光分割部材
７に反射側に設けられたレンズ８、例えば赤外光源９で
構成され、光源９からの赤外光束をレンズ８、光分割部
材７、レンズ６、光透過部材５、ノズル３を通して角膜
Ｅｃに投影するようになっている。また、角膜反射光は
光透過部材４，５、レンズ６、光分割部材７、及び光分
割部材７の背後に設けられた受光光学系のレンズ１０を
経て受光素子１１で受光される。FIG. 1 shows an example of the optical system of the tonometer according to the present invention. In FIG. Subject II1. ! It is sprayed onto the cornea Ec of E to give a certain deformation to the cornea Ec. Since intraocular pressure is related to this deformation, intraocular pressure can be determined by the pressure that causes a certain amount of deformation. In cylinder 2,
It is necessary to open a window in the part that corresponds to the optical path of the optical system that detects the deformation of corner 11JEc, and this window part has flat glass,
A light transmitting member 4.5 consisting of a lens or the like is provided, and the nozzle 3 is attached to the center of the light transmitting member 4 facing the eye E to be examined. Furthermore, in order to optically detect deformation of the cornea Ec, a projection optical system projects an intraocular pressure measurement light flux onto the cornea Ec;
A light receiving optical system is provided to receive the corneal reflection. In the embodiment, the projection optical system includes a lens 6 provided behind a light transmitting member 4.5, a light splitting member 7, and a lens 8 provided on the reflective side of the light splitting member 7, for example an infrared light source 9. The infrared beam from the light source 9 is projected onto the cornea Ec through the lens 8, the light splitting member 7, the lens 6, the light transmitting member 5, and the nozzle 3. Further, the corneal reflected light passes through the light transmitting members 4 and 5, the lens 6, the light splitting member 7, and the lens 10 of the light receiving optical system provided behind the light splitting member 7, and is received by the light receiving element 11.
シリンダ２内のピストン１が動いたとき、角膜Ｅｃでの
圧力は第２図（ａ）に示すように時間ｔと共に増加する
。そして、成る時点から角膜Ｅｃは曲率が緩くなるよう
に変形する。角膜Ｅｃが所定の曲率になったとき、受光
素子１１に光束が集光するように受光素子１１を予め設
置しておけば、光量が最大になったときの圧力から眼圧
を求めることができる。When the piston 1 in the cylinder 2 moves, the pressure on the cornea Ec increases with time t, as shown in FIG. 2(a). From this point on, the cornea Ec deforms so that its curvature becomes gentler. If the light-receiving element 11 is installed in advance so that the light beam is focused on the light-receiving element 11 when the cornea Ec reaches a predetermined curvature, the intraocular pressure can be determined from the pressure when the amount of light reaches its maximum. .
第２図（ｂ）〜（ｄ）は受光素子１１に入射する光ｉＩ
と時間ｔとの関係を示したものである。通常の場合に、
光量による信号は（ｂ）に示すように時間ｔｏをピーク
とした山形になる。ところが、被検眼Ｅの瞼やまつ毛が
下ってきたときや、或いは角膜Ｅｃに涙が溜っている場
合などに測定した信号は、それぞれ（ｃ） 、 （ｄ）
に示すように変形する。FIGS. 2(b) to 2(d) show the light iI incident on the light receiving element 11.
This shows the relationship between t and time t. In normal cases,
The signal based on the amount of light has a peak shape at time to, as shown in (b). However, the signals measured when the eyelids and eyelashes of the subject's eye E have drooped or when tears have accumulated on the cornea Ec are (c) and (d), respectively.
Transform as shown.
例えば、瞼やまつ毛が下ってきて空気流の近くにくると
、その抵抗により乱流が発生するので、信号は（Ｃ）に
示すように多峠性の山形となり、測定値の正確度が低下
する。また、角膜Ｅｃに涙が溜っていると角膜Ｅｃの曲
面は凹凸を持つので、（ｄ）に示すように信号の山形の
ピークが丸くなり、この場合も測定値の正確度が落ちる
。このように、山形信号の先鋭度によって測定値の正確
度、即ち信頼度を知ることが可能である。For example, when the eyelids and eyelashes descend and come close to the airflow, the resistance causes turbulence, which causes the signal to form a multi-passed mountain shape as shown in (C), reducing the accuracy of the measured value. do. Furthermore, when tears accumulate on the cornea Ec, the curved surface of the cornea Ec becomes uneven, so that the mountain-shaped peak of the signal becomes rounded, as shown in (d), and the accuracy of the measured value decreases in this case as well. In this way, it is possible to know the accuracy, ie, the reliability, of the measured value based on the sharpness of the chevron signal.
第３図はこのような測定値の信頼度をマイクロコンピュ
ータを使って算出するようにした電気回路のブロック構
成図である。この第３図において、１２はＭＰＵ、１３
は入出力インタフェイス、１４はＲＡＭ、１５はＲＯＭ
、１６はツルイド駆動回路、１７はプリアンプ、１８は
スレッシュホールド回路、１９はＡ／Ｄコンバータ、２
０は表示器である。なお、光源９、受光素子１１は第１
図と同じものである。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electric circuit that uses a microcomputer to calculate the reliability of such measured values. In this FIG. 3, 12 is an MPU, 13 is
is input/output interface, 14 is RAM, 15 is ROM
, 16 is a Truide drive circuit, 17 is a preamplifier, 18 is a threshold circuit, 19 is an A/D converter, 2
0 is an indicator. Note that the light source 9 and the light receiving element 11 are
It is the same as the figure.
ツルイド駆動回路１６は測定スイッチが押されると、ツ
ルイドを作動してピストン１を駆動し、角膜Ｅｃを圧平
するための圧縮空気を造る。角膜圧平状態をモニタする
受光素子１１からの信号は、プリアンプ１８、スレッシ
ュホールド回路１８を経てＡ／Ｄコンバータ１９により
デジタル化され、一旦ＲＡＭ１４に眼圧データとして記
憶される。このとき、角膜Ｅｃが一定面積に圧平される
と、得られたデータは第２図（ｂ）〜（ｄ）に示すよう
にその時点でピークを持つことになる。When the measurement switch is pressed, the TRUID drive circuit 16 operates TRUID to drive the piston 1 and produce compressed air for applanating the cornea Ec. A signal from the light receiving element 11 that monitors the corneal applanation state passes through a preamplifier 18 and a threshold circuit 18, is digitized by an A/D converter 19, and is temporarily stored in the RAM 14 as intraocular pressure data. At this time, when the cornea Ec is applanated to a certain area, the obtained data will have a peak at that point, as shown in FIGS. 2(b) to 2(d).
ＲＡＭ１４に記憶されたデータを読み出し、このデータ
が例えば第２図（Ｃ）に示すようにピークを複数個有し
ている場合は、最大ピークの前後の一定時間内に成るレ
ベル以上のピークが更に存在することがＭＵＰ１２によ
る演算で得られ、信頼度が低下したと判断できる。When the data stored in the RAM 14 is read and the data has multiple peaks as shown in FIG. It can be determined that the presence exists through calculation by the MUP 12, and that the reliability has decreased.
また、第２図（ｄ）に示すように山形信号のピークの形
が滑らかである場合も、そのピークの半値幅を確認する
ことにより、同様に信頼度が低下したと判断され、第２
図（ｂ）に示すような正常波形と区別される。In addition, even if the shape of the peak of the chevron signal is smooth as shown in Figure 2(d), by checking the half-width of the peak, it is determined that the reliability has similarly decreased, and the second
It is distinguished from the normal waveform shown in Figure (b).
このようにして得られた信頼度を表示器２０に眼圧値と
共に表示し、検者に対して測定のやり直しを促すことが
できる。表示器２０の表示手段としては、発光ダイオー
ド等の点滅、電子音、音声合成等、視覚や聴覚等に訴え
得る様々な手段を用いることが可能である。The reliability thus obtained can be displayed on the display 20 together with the intraocular pressure value to prompt the examiner to redo the measurement. As the display means of the display 20, it is possible to use various means that can appeal to the visual and auditory senses, such as blinking light emitting diodes, electronic sounds, voice synthesis, and the like.
なお、上述の実施例はマイクロコンピュータを用いた場
合であるが、マイクロコンピュータを用いずにピークホ
ールド回路、除算回路、カウンタ等を用いた論理回路で
同様な機能を持たせることも可能である。Note that although the above embodiment uses a microcomputer, it is also possible to provide similar functions with a logic circuit using a peak hold circuit, a division circuit, a counter, etc., without using a microcomputer.
また上述の実施例では、眼圧１１１＋１１定信号のみか
ら信頼度を求めているが、角膜反射の位置をポジション
ディテクタ等の適当なセンサを使って検知し、この情報
を加えて信頼度を求めるようにしてもよい。Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the reliability is calculated only from the intraocular pressure 111+11 constant signal, but it is also possible to detect the position of the corneal reflection using an appropriate sensor such as a position detector and add this information to calculate the reliability. You can also do this.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明に係る眼圧計は、被検眼に空
気を吹き伺けた時の角膜反射光量の変化により、被検眼
のまつ毛、瞼、涙等の状態が判るので、測定値の信頼度
をチェックでき測定の正確さを期すことができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the tonometer according to the present invention can determine the condition of the eyelashes, eyelids, tears, etc. of the eye to be examined based on changes in the amount of corneal reflected light when air is blown onto the eye to be examined. The reliability of the measured values can be checked and the accuracy of the measurements can be ensured.
図面は本発明に係る眼圧計の実施例を示すものであり、
第１図は光学系の構成図、第２図は作用説明図、第３図
は電気回路のブロック構成図である。
符号１はピストン、２はシリンダ、３はノズル、４．５
は光透過部材、７は光分割部材、９は光源、１１は受光
素子、１２はＭＰＵ、１４はＲＡＭ、１５はＲＯＭ、１
６はツルイド駆動回路、１８はスレッシュホールド′回
路、１９はＡ／Ｄコンバータ、２０は表示器である。
賃The drawings show an embodiment of the tonometer according to the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the optical system, FIG. 2 is a functional diagram, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the electric circuit. Code 1 is the piston, 2 is the cylinder, 3 is the nozzle, 4.5
1 is a light transmitting member, 7 is a light splitting member, 9 is a light source, 11 is a light receiving element, 12 is an MPU, 14 is a RAM, 15 is a ROM, 1
Reference numeral 6 designates a Truide drive circuit, 18 a threshold' circuit, 19 an A/D converter, and 20 a display. rent
Claims (1)
る空気流発生装置と、角膜に眼圧測定光束を投影する投
影光学系と、角膜反射光を受光する受光光学系と、該受
光光学系で受光した光電信号から角膜の変形時に発生す
る異常信号を検知して信頼度を求める演算手段と、該演
算手段で算出した信頼度を表示する手段とを有すること
を特徴とする眼圧計。 ２、前記演算手段は記憶装置に一旦記憶した信号を読み
出して演算を行うようにした特許請求の範囲第１項に記
載の眼圧計。[Scope of Claims] 1. An airflow generator that blows air onto the cornea of the eye to be examined to cause a certain deformation, a projection optical system that projects an intraocular pressure measurement light beam onto the cornea, and a light receiving optical system that receives corneal reflected light. system, a calculation means for detecting an abnormal signal generated when the cornea is deformed from the photoelectric signal received by the light receiving optical system and calculating reliability, and a means for displaying the reliability calculated by the calculation means. Features of tonometer. 2. The tonometer according to claim 1, wherein the calculation means reads out signals once stored in a storage device and performs calculations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61244742A JPS6397142A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Tonometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61244742A JPS6397142A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Tonometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6397142A true JPS6397142A (en) | 1988-04-27 |
| JPH0580900B2 JPH0580900B2 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
Family
ID=17123215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61244742A Granted JPS6397142A (en) | 1986-10-14 | 1986-10-14 | Tonometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6397142A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011092598A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Nidek Co Ltd | Non-contact ultrasonic tonometer |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6083642A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-05-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Eye pressure measuring apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-10-14 JP JP61244742A patent/JPS6397142A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6083642A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-05-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Eye pressure measuring apparatus |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011092598A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Nidek Co Ltd | Non-contact ultrasonic tonometer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0580900B2 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |