JPS6370008A - Growing fluid medium discharge system - Google Patents
Growing fluid medium discharge systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6370008A JPS6370008A JP21343186A JP21343186A JPS6370008A JP S6370008 A JPS6370008 A JP S6370008A JP 21343186 A JP21343186 A JP 21343186A JP 21343186 A JP21343186 A JP 21343186A JP S6370008 A JPS6370008 A JP S6370008A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- discharge pipe
- medium discharge
- fluidized bed
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003048 aphrodisiac agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002509 aphrodisiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/003—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor in a downward flow
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は流動層ボイラ及び流動層焼却装置に係り、特に
流動媒体の排出装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fluidized bed boiler and a fluidized bed incinerator, and particularly to a fluidized medium discharge device.
流動層ボイラおよび流動層焼却装置において、流動媒体
の流動状態を維持するためには、流動媒体の粒径分布、
空塔速度、密度分布を適正な値に維持することが肝要で
ある。In fluidized bed boilers and fluidized bed incinerators, in order to maintain the fluid state of the fluidized medium, the particle size distribution of the fluidized medium,
It is important to maintain superficial velocity and density distribution at appropriate values.
中でも燃料が流動媒体となるボイラおよび焼却装置にお
いては、投入される燃料に含有又は付着している塩基性
物質等により流動媒体の粒子径が徐々に成長し、流動媒
体としての最適粒子径を超えたものは、流動層から排出
される。従来用いられている流動媒体の排出方法（流動
層の反応工学、鞭他著、培風館）を第８図に示す。第８
図（ａ）、（ｂ）は溢流方式、（ｃ）、（ｄ）は底部抜
き取り方式である。第９，１０図は媒体排出の制御の代
表例を示したもので、溢流管２８にロータリーフィーダ
を設けて排出する形式と、底部抜き取り管１２にスライ
ドゲート１３を設けて排出する形式がある。いずれの例
にあっても流動媒体として適当な粒子なのか、不適当な
粒子なのかを分別することなしに排出するため、排出さ
れた媒体には、媒体として適当なものと不適当なものが
混在しており、一部の流動層ボイラでは排出された媒体
を振動ふるい機にかけて流動媒体として使用可能な粒子
を再度ボイラへ送りこむ装置を設けている。In particular, in boilers and incinerators where fuel is the fluidized medium, the particle size of the fluidized medium gradually grows due to basic substances contained in or attached to the input fuel, and may exceed the optimum particle size for the fluidized medium. is discharged from the fluidized bed. A conventional method for discharging a fluidized medium (Fluidized Bed Reaction Engineering, by Whip et al., Baifukan) is shown in FIG. 8th
Figures (a) and (b) show the overflow method, and (c) and (d) show the bottom extraction method. Figures 9 and 10 show typical examples of media discharge control, including one type in which a rotary feeder is provided in the overflow pipe 28 for discharge, and one in which a slide gate 13 is provided in the bottom extraction pipe 12 to discharge the medium. . In either example, the particles are discharged without distinguishing between particles suitable for use as a fluidizing medium and particles unsuitable for use as a fluid medium, so the discharged medium contains particles suitable for use as a medium and particles not suitable as a medium. Some fluidized bed boilers are equipped with a device that passes the discharged medium through a vibrating sieve and sends the particles that can be used as a fluidized medium back into the boiler.
流動層からの媒体排出方法には前述の方法が実用化又は
提案されているが、次のような問題点があった。The above-mentioned methods have been put to practical use or proposed as methods for discharging a medium from a fluidized bed, but they have had the following problems.
Ａ：溢流方式では、流動しない粒径にまで成長した不適
当な媒体を排出できない。A: The overflow method cannot discharge unsuitable media that has grown to a particle size that does not flow.
Ｂ：底部抜き取り方式では正常な媒体をも抜き出すので
、振動ふるい機等による使用可能な媒体の分別と再使用
のための供給設備を必要とする。B: Since the bottom extraction method also extracts normal media, it requires a supply facility such as a vibrating sieve to separate and reuse usable media.
Ｃ：排出管路内のブリッジ等による詰りかある。C: There is a blockage due to a bridge, etc. in the discharge pipe.
Ｄ：排出管に設けたスライドゲートや、ロータリーフィ
ーダ等の閉鎖装置あるいは排出機構における粒子の噛み
こみ、付着による作動不良がある。D: There is malfunction due to particles getting caught or attached to the slide gate provided in the discharge pipe, the closing device such as the rotary feeder, or the discharge mechanism.
Ｅ：Ｃ，Ｄのため、定量排出が固壁である。E: Because of C and D, quantitative discharge is a solid wall.
本発明の課題は、流動媒体μト出管路の詰り、媒体排出
管末端の排出機構又は閉鎖装置の噛みこみ、付着等によ
る作動不良を起すことなく、流動媒体として不適当な大
きさに成長したｄε動媒体（肥大粒子）のみを排出し、
肥大粒子による流動不良を防止する成長流動媒体排出装
置を提供するにある。An object of the present invention is to prevent the fluid medium from growing to an inappropriate size as a fluid medium, without clogging the fluid outlet pipe, or causing malfunctions such as jamming or adhesion of the discharge mechanism or closing device at the end of the medium discharge pipe. Discharge only the dε dynamic medium (enlarged particles),
It is an object of the present invention to provide a growth fluid medium discharge device that prevents flow failure due to enlarged particles.
上記の目的は、媒体排出管の媒体出口付近から媒体排出
管を通して流動層内へ向け、流動層に使用する媒体粒子
の終末速度を滅える速度の気体を、継続して送りこむ装
置を設けることにより達成される。The above purpose is achieved by providing a device that continuously feeds gas from near the media outlet of the media discharge pipe into the fluidized bed through the media discharge pipe at a velocity that destroys the terminal velocity of the media particles used in the fluidized bed. achieved.
媒体粒子には、その大きさ、種類に応じて固有の流動化
の終末速度がある。媒体排出管内に、媒体出口側から流
動層側に向けて、排出したい媒体の大きさ、種ガ］に対
応した終末速度よりわずかに低い管内速度で気体を送給
すると、排出したい媒体は、管、内の気体の流れに逆ら
って媒体出口側へ移動してくるが、それ以下の大きさの
媒体粒子は、管内の気体の流れ速度が、終末速度以上に
なるために流動層へふきもどされる。Media particles have a unique terminal velocity of fluidization depending on their size and type. When gas is fed into the medium discharge pipe from the medium outlet side toward the fluidized bed side at a velocity slightly lower than the terminal velocity corresponding to the size and species of the medium to be discharged, the medium to be discharged will flow through the pipe. , they move toward the media outlet side against the gas flow inside the tube, but media particles smaller in size are blown back into the fluidized bed because the gas flow velocity inside the tube exceeds the terminal velocity. .
次に本発明の実施例を第１〜５図により説明する。第１
図に示す実施例は、流動層ボイラにおいて、炉底下部の
多孔板ｌの下面に接続され、風箱３の下方にまで延びる
媒体排出管１２ａと、該媒体排出管１２ａの最下部に接
続された空気！２３ａと、一端を該空気管２３ａに設け
た分岐管に接続され他端を押込み通風機４に通ずる管２
３ｂに接続された調節弁２０と、一端を前記空気管２３
ａに接続され他端を圧縮空気源に通ずる管２３ｃに接続
された詰り除去空気弁２１と、前記媒体排出管１２ａか
ら分岐する排出出口管１２ｂと、該排出出口管１２ｂの
末端の媒体出口部に設けたフラッパ２２と、該フラッパ
開閉用の駆動機１９と、フリーボード部３０及び風′Ｔ
Ｉ３に検出部を設けた差圧計１７と、媒体排出管１２ａ
の圧力を検出する圧力計１８と、差圧計１７及び圧力計
１８の計測値を入力して状態判定し、制御信号を出力し
て前記調節弁２０、前記空気弁２１、前記駆動機１９を
介してフラッパ２２、図示していない媒体補充制御器を
動作させる制御器とにより構成されている。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. 1st
The embodiment shown in the figure is a fluidized bed boiler in which a medium discharge pipe 12a is connected to the lower surface of a perforated plate l in the lower part of the furnace bottom and extends below the wind box 3, and a medium discharge pipe 12a is connected to the lowest part of the medium discharge pipe 12a. The atmosphere! 23a, and a pipe 2 whose one end is connected to a branch pipe provided in the air pipe 23a and whose other end is pushed in and leads to the ventilation fan 4.
3b, and one end connected to the air pipe 23.
a, and the other end connected to a pipe 23c leading to a compressed air source, a discharge outlet pipe 12b branching from the medium discharge pipe 12a, and a medium outlet section at the end of the discharge outlet pipe 12b. The flapper 22 provided in the
A differential pressure gauge 17 with a detection part provided at I3 and a medium discharge pipe 12a
The measured values of the pressure gauge 18 which detects the pressure of The controller includes a flapper 22 and a controller that operates a medium replenishment controller (not shown).
流動層ボイラでは、多種の低品位燃料を使用する場合が
多く、流動媒体の急成長と層高の変化による流動悪化及
び燃焼不良をおこしやすい。このため流動媒体成長具合
、層高上昇を検出し、媒体排出を円滑に行う為に、差圧
計１７．圧力計１８および制御装置２５を設けている。Fluidized bed boilers often use a variety of low-grade fuels, and are prone to poor fluidity and poor combustion due to rapid growth of the fluidized medium and changes in bed height. For this reason, in order to detect the growth of the fluidized medium and the rise in bed height, and to smoothly discharge the medium, a differential pressure gauge 17. A pressure gauge 18 and a control device 25 are provided.
流動層媒体の粒径と、流動化開始速度および終末速度の
関係は、流動媒体が砂の場合、第２図に示す曲線となる
６粒径によりそれぞれ異なる流動化開始速度と終末速度
とを有することは、第２図から明らかである。流動層が
定流法状態にあるとき、ある径の粒子の終末速度がその
定流法以下であれば、その粒子はσ；δ動層外へ吹きと
ばさ九ることになる。The relationship between the particle size of the fluidized bed medium and the fluidization start speed and final speed is as shown in the curve shown in Figure 2 when the fluidized medium is sand.The six particle sizes have different fluidization start speeds and final speeds. This is clear from Figure 2. When the fluidized bed is in a constant flow state, if the terminal velocity of a particle of a certain diameter is less than the constant flow state, the particle will be blown out of the σ;δ fluidized bed.
次にこの装置の動作につき説明する。流動媒体２を最適
な流動状態にすると共に、必要な燃焼用空気を供給する
為、押込通ＩＡＩ！４により、空気予熟器１６、風道２
６、風箱３を経由して必要な空気量が多孔板１より流動
層２内へ吹きこまれる。Next, the operation of this device will be explained. In order to bring the fluidized medium 2 into an optimal fluid state and supply the necessary combustion air, push through IAI! 4, air preconditioner 16, air passage 2
6. A necessary amount of air is blown into the fluidized bed 2 from the perforated plate 1 via the wind box 3.
燃料は、炉の上部の図示しない燃料供給装置から流動層
２へ供給され、流動状態の流動媒体と混じりながら燃焼
する。投入された燃料に付着又は含有されている塩基性
物質が流動媒体に付着し、流動媒体の粒径は徐々に大き
くなり（媒体の成長という）、これに伴って層高が上昇
する。Fuel is supplied to the fluidized bed 2 from a fuel supply device (not shown) in the upper part of the furnace, and is combusted while being mixed with a fluidized medium in a fluidized state. Basic substances attached or contained in the input fuel adhere to the fluidized medium, and the particle size of the fluidized medium gradually increases (referred to as growth of the medium), and the bed height increases accordingly.
層高が上昇すると、流動化用空気が媚体間を透過する距
雅が長くなり、圧力損失が増加して、風箱３とフリーボ
ード３０の間の差圧が上昇するので、この変化が差圧計
１７で表示される。As the bed height increases, the distance through which the fluidizing air passes between the aphrodisiacs increases, pressure loss increases, and the differential pressure between the wind box 3 and the freeboard 30 increases, so this change It is displayed on the differential pressure gauge 17.
一方、多孔板１に取付けた媒体排出管１２ａには流動媒
体の流動化に伴い、流動媒体が流れこむ。On the other hand, the fluidized medium flows into the medium discharge pipe 12a attached to the perforated plate 1 as the fluidized medium is fluidized.
しかし媒体排出管１２ａには、排出すべき肥大粒子の終
末速度をわずかに下まわる速度の管内流速となる量の空
気（以下排出粒分別空気流という）が、媒体排出管の下
部から、調節弁２０を経て吹きこまれ、流動層側へ向っ
て流れるので、終末速度が前記排出粒分別空気流の速度
よりも低い粒子、すなわち、排出すべき肥大粒子よりも
小さい粒子は、前記空気流により流動層側に吹きもどさ
れて、排出はされない。終末速度が前記空気流より大き
い粒子、すなわち、排出すべき肥大粒子およびそれより
大きい粒子は、流動層側に吹きもどされることなく、流
動状態で排出管１２ａ内を沈降し、媒体圧と排出管内の
空気圧力により、排出出口管１２ｂへ入り、フラッパ２
２を経て排出される。However, in the medium discharge pipe 12a, an amount of air (hereinafter referred to as discharge particle separation air flow) whose flow velocity in the pipe is slightly lower than the terminal velocity of the enlarged particles to be discharged flows from the lower part of the medium discharge pipe into the control valve. 20 and flow toward the fluidized bed side, particles whose terminal velocity is lower than the velocity of the discharge particle separation air flow, that is, particles smaller than the enlarged particles to be discharged, are fluidized by the air flow. It is blown back to the layer side and is not discharged. Particles whose terminal velocity is higher than the air flow, that is, enlarged particles to be discharged and particles larger than that, settle in the discharge pipe 12a in a fluidized state without being blown back to the fluidized bed side, and the medium pressure and the inside of the discharge pipe are The air pressure enters the discharge outlet pipe 12b, and the flapper 2
It is discharged after 2 steps.
この排気粒分別空気流は、流動媒体を排出しない時でも
、流動層運転中は常時、管内に送給され、管内に滞留し
ている媒体を流動状態に保持して、粒子の付着による排
出不良をへらしている。This exhaust particle separation air flow is constantly fed into the pipe during fluidized bed operation even when the fluidized medium is not being discharged, and keeps the medium stagnant in the pipe in a fluid state, resulting in poor discharge due to adhesion of particles. I'm getting tired of it.
フラッパ２２は、第７図に示すように、排出出口管１２
ｂのじ（４０面の延長平面に支点を有し、その支点のま
わりに回動して開口を閉鎖するので、閉鎖の最終段階で
は開口面に対してほぼ垂直に動く。従って、開口閉鎖時
に開口付近に排出媒体があっても、フラッパ２２は、そ
の媒体を排出出口管１２ ｂ内に押し戻して閉鎖するの
で、フラッパ２２と排出出口管の開口面の間に排出媒体
をかみこむことがない。もし噛みこんでも数回の開閉！
ＰＩＪ作の繰り返しで容易に噛みこんだ媒体を排除する
ことができる。今、媒体排出管１２ａに吹きこまれる排
出粒分別空気流の排出管１２ａ内の流速が６［ＩＩ／ｓ
であると、第２図から終末速度が６ｍ／ｓである媒体粒
径はＩＩｎであり、従って、径が１ｍ未満の媒体は前記
排出粒分別空気流により、媒体排出Ｉ′ｌ？１２ａから
流動層に吹きもどされ、１１ｍ１以上の怪の媒体は流動
状態となって媒体排出管内を沈降する。The flapper 22 is connected to the discharge outlet pipe 12 as shown in FIG.
b Noji (has a fulcrum on the extended plane of 40 planes and rotates around the fulcrum to close the opening, so in the final stage of closing it moves almost perpendicular to the opening plane. Therefore, when closing the opening Even if there is a discharge medium near the opening, the flapper 22 pushes the medium back into the discharge outlet pipe 12b and closes it, so the discharge medium is not caught between the flapper 22 and the opening surface of the discharge outlet pipe. .If it gets stuck, open and close it several times!
By repeating PIJ work, you can easily eliminate media that has become entangled. Now, the flow velocity in the discharge pipe 12a of the discharge particle separation air flow blown into the medium discharge pipe 12a is 6 [II/s
Then, from FIG. 2, the medium particle size with a terminal velocity of 6 m/s is IIn, and therefore, the medium with a diameter of less than 1 m is discharged by the discharge particle separation air flow, I'l? The medium of 11 ml or more is blown back into the fluidized bed from 12a, becomes fluid, and settles in the medium discharge pipe.
従って、排出しようとする肥大粒子径の終末速度をわず
から下まわる速度の排出粒分別空気流を、調節弁２０の
操イ１；によって媒体排出管１２ａに送りこみ、流動媒
体として不適当な肥大粒子を確実に排出すると共に、使
用可能な媒体粒子の排出を避けることができる。また、
媒体排出管１２ａ内の圧力を測定することにより、媒体
排出管内の排出粒分別室気流が正常であるか、排出媒体
のブリッジにより詰り等がないかを検知する。Therefore, an air flow for separating the discharged particles at a speed slightly lower than the terminal velocity of the enlarged particles to be discharged is sent into the medium discharge pipe 12a by the operation 1 of the control valve 20, and the flow is carried out to prevent enlargement that is inappropriate as a fluid medium. It is possible to ensure the evacuation of particles and avoid evacuation of usable media particles. Also,
By measuring the pressure inside the medium discharge pipe 12a, it is detected whether the air flow in the discharge particle separation chamber in the medium discharge pipe is normal or whether there is any clogging due to bridges of the discharge medium.
第３図は、前記の差圧計１７と媒体排出管１２ａに設け
た圧力計１８とから圧力信号を受けとる制御器２５が、
入力部、判定制御部および制御信号出力部から成ること
を示している。差圧計１７からの風箱３とフリーボード
３０間の差圧信号および圧力計１８からの媒体排出管１
２ａ内圧力信号を取りこむ入力部は、取りこんだ差圧と
圧力のアナログ信号を、ディジタル化して判定制御部へ
送る。判定制御部は、前記差圧を媒体成長もしくは変化
として、また媒体排出管１２ａ内圧力を、排出管路の詰
り、空気速度、媒体排出量変化としてとらえて、層高、
媒体状態、空気速度、媒体排出状態を判定し、調節弁２
０、空気弁２１、フラッパ２２の動作指令を制御信号出
方部へ送る。制御信号出力部はこの指令を制御信号に変
換して。FIG. 3 shows that the controller 25 receives pressure signals from the differential pressure gauge 17 and the pressure gauge 18 provided in the medium discharge pipe 12a.
It is shown that it consists of an input section, a determination control section, and a control signal output section. Differential pressure signal between wind box 3 and freeboard 30 from differential pressure gauge 17 and medium discharge pipe 1 from pressure gauge 18
The input section that takes in the internal pressure signal 2a digitizes the taken-in differential pressure and pressure analog signals and sends them to the determination control section. The determination control section takes the differential pressure as medium growth or change, and the pressure inside the medium discharge pipe 12a as clogging of the discharge pipe, air velocity, and change in medium discharge amount, and determines the layer height,
Determine the medium condition, air velocity, and medium discharge condition, and control valve 2
0. Send operation commands for the air valve 21 and flapper 22 to the control signal output unit. The control signal output section converts this command into a control signal.
各動作部分へ出力する。Output to each operating part.
次に第４図に基き判定制御部の動作条件を説明する。Next, the operating conditions of the determination control section will be explained based on FIG.
イは差圧、排出管１２ａ内圧力共に正常値と判定し、調
節弁２０の開度、フラッパ２２の開度は現状維持とする
６空気弁２１は閉のままとする。 □口は差圧が徐
々に下降しているので層高が低下しており、媒体が不足
気味であるが、媒体排出管圧力は正常故、媒体の付着等
はなく、燃焼速度も早く粒径が小となり、ボイラ外へ飛
散し、層としての対流時間が少なく、燃焼状態は良好と
判定し、調節弁２０の開度、フラッパ２２の開度は現状
維持とし、不足している流動媒体の補充の信号を図示し
ていない媒体補充制御器へ出力する。In case A, both the differential pressure and the internal pressure of the discharge pipe 12a are determined to be normal values, and the opening degree of the control valve 20 and the opening degree of the flapper 22 are maintained as they are. 6. The air valve 21 is kept closed. □At the port, the differential pressure is gradually decreasing, so the bed height is decreasing, and there seems to be a shortage of media. However, the media discharge pipe pressure is normal, so there is no media adhesion, and the combustion speed is fast and the particle size is small. It is determined that the combustion condition is good because the convection time as a layer is small, and the convection time as a layer is small, so the opening degree of the control valve 20 and the opening degree of the flapper 22 are maintained as they are, and the insufficient fluidizing medium is removed. A replenishment signal is output to a medium replenishment controller (not shown).
ハは差圧、排出管内圧力が共に徐々に低下している。差
圧の低下は、層高の低下すなわち流動媒体の減少を示し
、排出管内圧力の低下は、排出粒分別室気流流速の減少
すなわち排出されるべきでない小径粒子が、排出管１２
ａ内から流動層２へ吹きもどされないで、フラッパ２２
を経て排出されているのを示している。媒体排出量を減
らす為に、排出粒分別室気流流速を増すよう調節弁２０
を開方向へ動作させる指示と、フラッパ２２を閉方向に
動作させる指示とを出力する。In c, both the differential pressure and the pressure inside the discharge pipe are gradually decreasing. A decrease in the differential pressure indicates a decrease in the bed height, i.e. a decrease in the fluidizing medium, and a decrease in the pressure inside the discharge pipe indicates a decrease in the discharge particle separation chamber air flow rate, i.e., small diameter particles that should not be discharged are transferred to the discharge pipe 12.
The flapper 22 is not blown back into the fluidized bed 2 from inside a.
It shows that it is being discharged through the process. A control valve 20 is installed to increase the airflow velocity in the waste particle separation chamber in order to reduce the amount of media discharged.
An instruction to operate the flapper 22 in the opening direction and an instruction to operate the flapper 22 in the closing direction are output.
ホは、差圧が徐々に上昇しており、層高上昇すなわち媒
体量増加を示し、排出管１２ａ内圧力は正常で媒体排出
状況は問題ないことを示している。E shows that the differential pressure is gradually increasing, indicating an increase in the bed height, that is, an increase in the amount of medium, and that the pressure inside the discharge pipe 12a is normal and there is no problem in the medium discharge situation.
媒体補充量が多すぎると判定して、媒体補充量を減する
よう媒体補充制御器への指令を出力する。It is determined that the amount of medium replenishment is too large, and a command is output to the medium replenishment controller to reduce the amount of medium replenishment.
へは、差圧が徐々に上昇しており、層高上昇すなわち媒
体量増加を示し、排出管１２ａ内圧力は上昇すなわち排
出粒分別室気流速が上昇し、排出すべき肥大粒子を流動
層２内へ吹きもどしているのを示している。排出粒分別
室気流速を減らすよう調節弁２０を閉方向に動作させる
指示と、フラッパ２２からの排出量を増すようフラッパ
２２を開方向に動、作させる指令とを出力する。The differential pressure gradually increases, indicating an increase in bed height, that is, an increase in the amount of medium, and the pressure inside the discharge pipe 12a increases, that is, the air flow rate in the discharge particle separation chamber increases, and the enlarged particles to be discharged are transferred to the fluidized bed 2. This shows that it is blowing back inward. An instruction to operate the control valve 20 in the closing direction so as to reduce the air flow velocity in the exhaust particle separation chamber, and an instruction to operate the flapper 22 in the opening direction so as to increase the amount of discharge from the flapper 22 are outputted.
二は、差圧および排出管内圧力が共に急激に変化してお
り、何か他の要因による風筒内空気圧力急上昇又はフリ
ーボード部の圧力異常低下による吹き抜は現象等が考え
られ、層内異常警報を出して、調節弁２０．フラッパ２
２の閉動作指令を出力し１層内状態の自然回復又は、人
為的操作による回復を、待つ。Second, both the differential pressure and the pressure inside the discharge pipe are changing rapidly, and the blowout is thought to be due to a sudden rise in the air pressure inside the wind tube due to some other factor or an abnormal drop in pressure at the freeboard section. Issue an abnormality alarm and close the control valve 20. flapper 2
It outputs the closing operation command No. 2 and waits for the state within the first layer to recover naturally or due to human operation.
トの、差圧急上昇は、層内媒体相互付着による流動停止
又は媒体補給量の異状増加による層高の急上昇等による
と考えられ、層内異状警報を出し、層内状態の自然回復
又は人為的操作による回復を待つ。The sudden rise in differential pressure is thought to be due to flow stoppage due to mutual adhesion of media in the layer, or a sudden increase in layer height due to an abnormal increase in the amount of media replenishment. Wait for the operation to recover.
りは、差圧正常にも拘らず排出管内圧力急上昇しており
、排出管詰り発生と判定して、調整弁２０、フラッパ２
２の閉指令と、空気弁２１の開指令を出力する。空気弁
２１からの高圧空気により詰りを解消する。Although the differential pressure is normal, the pressure inside the discharge pipe is rising rapidly, and it is determined that the discharge pipe is clogged, and the regulating valve 20 and flapper 2 are closed.
2 close command and an open command for air valve 21 are output. The blockage is cleared by high pressure air from the air valve 21.
この制御装置により、層高や、排出粒分別室気流の圧力
が変動しても、自動的に修正動作が行われ、安定した運
転が可能となる。With this control device, even if the bed height or the pressure of the airflow in the discharged particle separation chamber changes, corrective actions are automatically performed and stable operation is possible.
尚、差圧および排出管内圧力の高低の判断の基準となる
数値は、任意の値に設定することが可能である。Note that the numerical values that serve as standards for determining the height of the differential pressure and the discharge pipe internal pressure can be set to arbitrary values.
第５図は、本発明の他の実施例を示す図であり、先に述
べた実施例に更に、媒体排出量を計る流量計（ロードセ
ルによる重量計測等）を設けている。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which a flow meter (weight measurement using a load cell, etc.) for measuring the amount of medium discharged is further provided in the embodiment described above.
流量計により媒体排出量を直接計測して排出状態を検知
し、圧力計１８と併せて媒体排出状態のくわしい把握を
可能としている。The flow meter directly measures the amount of medium discharged to detect the discharge state, and in conjunction with the pressure gauge 18, it is possible to grasp the medium discharge state in detail.
第６図は、更に他の実施例を示す図である。前述の実施
例に含まれる制御器２５に記憶部を設け、ボイラの負荷
状態、媒体種類に対応した複数の条件を記憶させておき
、負荷状態、媒体種類によって判定、制御量を変える装
置としている。すなわち、媒体投入量は、ボイラの負荷
状態や媒体の種類によって変動するので、負荷状態と媒
体種類の複数の組合せに対応して、差圧、排出管内圧力
、媒体排出量を記憶部に入力しておき、実際の燃焼条件
に該当する負荷状態、媒体種類の組合せに対応する条件
を基準として前述のイ〜りの判定を行わせるのである。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing still another embodiment. The controller 25 included in the above-mentioned embodiment is provided with a storage section to store a plurality of conditions corresponding to the load state of the boiler and the type of medium, and is a device that changes the determination and control amount depending on the load state and the type of medium. . In other words, since the amount of medium input varies depending on the boiler load condition and type of medium, the differential pressure, pressure inside the discharge pipe, and amount of medium discharged are input into the storage unit in response to multiple combinations of load condition and medium type. Then, the above-mentioned judgments are made based on the conditions corresponding to the combination of the load state and the type of medium that correspond to the actual combustion conditions.
入力した組合せの中間の組合せの場合は、計算で補間す
ることにより、流動層ボイラの特徴である多種低品位燃
料の使用に対応可能としている。In the case of a combination between the input combinations, interpolation is performed by calculation, making it possible to use a wide variety of low-grade fuels, which is a characteristic of fluidized bed boilers.
本発明によれば、流動媒体として不適な肥大粒子を確実
に流動層から排出し、又、流動媒体の詰りによる排出不
良をなくすことができるので、’ｄｔｔ動層燃焼装置の
円滑な運転が可能となる。また使用可能な媒体粒子の排
出を避けられるので、排出された再使用可能粒子の分別
、供給設備を設ける必要がなくなる。According to the present invention, enlarged particles unsuitable as a fluidized medium can be reliably discharged from the fluidized bed, and defective discharges due to clogging of the fluidized medium can be eliminated, so that smooth operation of the 'dtt fluidized bed combustion apparatus is possible. becomes. Furthermore, since the discharge of usable media particles can be avoided, there is no need to provide equipment for separating and supplying the discharged reusable particles.
第１図は本発明の実施例を示す図、第２図は流動媒体の
粒径と、流動化開始速度および終末速度の関係を示す図
、第３図は制御器の構成の実施例を示す図、第４図は制
御器の作動条件の実施例を示す図、第５図は本発明の他
の実施例を示す図、第６図は、制御器の構成の他の実施
例を示す図、第７図は、本発明によるフラッパの実施例
を示す図、第８図は流動媒体排出方法の従来の技術の例
を示す図、第９図は媒体排出の制御の従来の技術の例を
示す図であり、第１０図は、第９図のＢ−Ｂ線に沿った
平面断面図である。
１・・・多孔板、 ２・・・流動層、３・・
・風箱、 １２ａ・・・媒体排出管、１２
ｂ・・・排出出口管、 １７°°゛差圧計・１８・・
・圧力計、 ２０・・・調節弁、２１・・・詰
り除去空気弁、
２２・・・フラッパ（排出機構）
２５・・・制御器、 ２７・・・流量計、３０
・・・フリーボード。Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fluidizing medium, the fluidization start speed and the final velocity, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the controller. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the operating conditions of the controller, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the controller. , FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the flapper according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional technique for a fluidized medium discharge method, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional technique for controlling medium discharge. FIG. 10 is a plan sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 9. 1... Porous plate, 2... Fluidized bed, 3...
・Wind box, 12a...media discharge pipe, 12
b...Discharge outlet pipe, 17°° differential pressure gauge, 18...
・Pressure gauge, 20... Control valve, 21... Clogging removal air valve, 22... Flapper (discharge mechanism) 25... Controller, 27... Flow meter, 30
...Free board.
Claims (7)
取付けられ流動層内に開口を有すると共に前記風箱の下
方にまで延びる媒体排出管と、該媒体排出管の末端開口
部に設けられた排出機構とから成る流動層装置の媒体排
出装置において、媒体排出管内に、流動層に向けて、流
動層に使用する媒体粒子の終末速度を越える速度の気体
を、継続して送りこむことを特徴とする成長流動媒体排
出装置。(1) A perforated plate forming a boundary between the fluidized bed and the wind box, a medium discharge pipe attached to the perforated plate having an opening in the fluidized bed and extending below the wind box, and an opening at the end of the medium discharge pipe. In the media discharge device of the fluidized bed device, which consists of a discharge mechanism installed in the fluidized bed, gas is continuously supplied into the media discharge pipe toward the fluidized bed at a velocity exceeding the terminal velocity of the media particles used in the fluidized bed. A growth fluid medium discharge device characterized by feeding.
する特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の成長流動媒体排出装
置。(2) The growth fluid medium discharge device according to claim 1, wherein compressed air is fed into the medium discharge pipe.
重直に移動しながら開口を閉鎖する排出機構を設けたこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項又は第２項に記載
の成長流動媒体排出装置。(3) Claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the medium outlet opening surface of the medium discharge pipe is provided with a discharge mechanism that closes the opening while moving substantially perpendicularly to the opening surface. A growth fluid medium discharge device as described.
排出管の内圧力を測定し、その結果により、媒体排出管
に気体を送りこむ装置と、前記媒体排出管に圧縮空気を
送りこむ装置と、前記媒体排出管に設けた排出機構と、
媒体補充制御器との動作を制御する制御器を設けたこと
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第３項に記載の成長流動媒
体排出装置。(4) Measure the differential pressure between the pressure in the wind box and the pressure in the freeboard section and the internal pressure in the medium discharge pipe, and based on the results, install a device to feed gas into the medium discharge pipe and send compressed air into the medium discharge pipe. a device; a discharge mechanism provided in the medium discharge pipe;
4. The growth fluidic medium discharging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a controller for controlling operation with a medium replenishment controller.
体排出量計量装置を設けたことを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項から第４項までのいずれかの項に記載の成長
流動媒体排出装置。(5) The growth according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a medium discharge amount measuring device is provided to measure the amount of medium discharged from the medium discharge pipe. Fluid media discharge device.
よび使用する流動媒体の種類の組合せに対応して媒体投
入量、層高、媒体排出管へ送りこむ気体の量、排出機構
の開度の条件を前記記憶部に記憶させ、この条件に応じ
て制御を行う前記制御器を設けたことを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第４項又は第５項に記載の成長流動媒体排出
装置。(6) A memory section is provided in the controller, and the amount of medium input, bed height, amount of gas sent to the medium discharge pipe, and opening of the discharge mechanism are adjusted according to the load condition of the fluidized bed apparatus and the type of fluidized medium used. 6. The growth fluid medium discharging apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: a controller which stores conditions for the growth rate in the storage section and performs control according to the conditions.
媒体排出管に接続され、他端を圧縮空気源に接続された
空気管と、該空気管の中間に設けられた空気弁から成る
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項に記載の成長流
動媒体排出装置。(7) A device for feeding compressed air into a medium discharge pipe, consisting of an air pipe whose one end is connected to the medium discharge pipe and the other end connected to a compressed air source, and an air valve provided in the middle of the air pipe. A growth fluid medium discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21343186A JPS6370008A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1986-09-10 | Growing fluid medium discharge system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21343186A JPS6370008A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1986-09-10 | Growing fluid medium discharge system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6370008A true JPS6370008A (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=16639112
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21343186A Pending JPS6370008A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1986-09-10 | Growing fluid medium discharge system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6370008A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0434945A2 (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-07-03 | ITALIMPIANTI S.p.A. | Fluid-bed incinerator |
| US5469994A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1995-11-28 | Buhler Ag | Apparatus and method for dosing a particulate phase present in a gas/particle flow from a fluidized bed |
| EP1058051A1 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-12-06 | Ebara Corporation | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
| FR3007105A1 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-19 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF COMBUSTION BY OXYDO-CHEMICAL LOOP REDUCTION OF A SOLID HYDROCARBON LOAD WITH REMOVAL OF HOME ASHES |
-
1986
- 1986-09-10 JP JP21343186A patent/JPS6370008A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0434945A2 (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-07-03 | ITALIMPIANTI S.p.A. | Fluid-bed incinerator |
| US5469994A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1995-11-28 | Buhler Ag | Apparatus and method for dosing a particulate phase present in a gas/particle flow from a fluidized bed |
| US5579588A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1996-12-03 | Buhler Ag | Method for dosing a particulate phase in a gas/particle flow in a fluidized bed |
| EP1058051A1 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-12-06 | Ebara Corporation | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
| EP1058051A4 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2001-09-19 | Ebara Corp | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
| FR3007105A1 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-19 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF COMBUSTION BY OXYDO-CHEMICAL LOOP REDUCTION OF A SOLID HYDROCARBON LOAD WITH REMOVAL OF HOME ASHES |
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