JPS6354594A - Separation of incondensible gas in heat exchanger - Google Patents
Separation of incondensible gas in heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6354594A JPS6354594A JP27984686A JP27984686A JPS6354594A JP S6354594 A JPS6354594 A JP S6354594A JP 27984686 A JP27984686 A JP 27984686A JP 27984686 A JP27984686 A JP 27984686A JP S6354594 A JPS6354594 A JP S6354594A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- gas
- steam
- group
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
この発明は熱交換器の内部で発生しかつ貯溜する非凝縮
ガスを除去する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for removing non-condensable gas generated and stored inside a heat exchanger.
〈従来の技術及びその問題点〉
熱交換装置を蒸発管群と凝縮管群とを接続して単一の密
封容器としたものの内部には装置の運転時間の経過と共
に空気、水素等の非凝縮ガスが貯溜し、熱移送効率をい
もぢるしく阻害することとなる。<Prior art and its problems> Although a heat exchange device is formed into a single sealed container by connecting an evaporating tube group and a condensing tube group, non-condensed air, hydrogen, etc. are generated inside the device as the device is operated. Gas accumulates and severely impedes heat transfer efficiency.
いま−例として鉄の管を使用する装置に水を作動液体と
して封入して運転した場合を考えてみる。その場合下式
の反応によりＨを発生する。As an example, let's consider a case where a device using iron pipes is operated with water sealed in it as the working fluid. In that case, H is generated by the reaction of the following formula.
このＨ２は凝縮熱伝達率を著るしく低下させるものであ
る。This H2 significantly reduces the condensing heat transfer coefficient.
第１図は横軸に非凝縮ガスの濃度をとり縦軸に熱移送効
率ηをとり、ＡとＢ（水）の二つの液体について発明者
等が行なった実験の結果を示すものである。水を作動液
としたＢの曲線において蒸気中に含まれる非凝縮ガス（
Ｈ２）が１１０００ｐｐを超すときはηが急速に下るこ
とが確められた。FIG. 1 shows the results of experiments conducted by the inventors on two liquids A and B (water), with the horizontal axis representing the concentration of non-condensable gas and the vertical axis representing the heat transfer efficiency η. In curve B with water as the working fluid, non-condensable gas (
It was confirmed that η decreases rapidly when H2) exceeds 11,000 pp.
即ち非凝縮ガスを容易かつ確実に除去できる装置の提案
は強く要望されるところである。That is, there is a strong demand for a proposal for an apparatus that can easily and reliably remove non-condensable gas.
〈発明の目的〉
この発明は非凝縮ガスを密封された熱交換器から容易に
除去することができる方法を提案することを目的とする
。<Object of the invention> The object of the invention is to propose a method by which non-condensable gas can be easily removed from a sealed heat exchanger.
〈手段の概要〉
この発明は蒸発管群と凝縮管群を夫々の北部ヘッダ相互
にかつ下部ヘッダ相互に管路接続し熱交換させるものを
、前記凝縮管群を第１の凝縮管群とし、その位置する低
湿ガスダクト４内に更に第２の一以上の凝縮管を設け、
蒸発管群の上部ヘッダと第２の凝縮管を接続する管路を
設は作動媒体の蒸気流れと凝縮液の流れを相互に向流と
して非凝縮ガスを効果的に分離し、この第２の凝縮管と
上端に非凝縮ガスを集めそのガスを排出するようにして
熱交換器から非凝縮ガスを除去する方法である。<Summary of Means> The present invention connects an evaporating tube group and a condensing tube group to each other in the northern header and to each other in the lower header to exchange heat, with the condensing tube group being a first condensing tube group, Furthermore, one or more second condensing pipes are provided in the low-humidity gas duct 4 located therein,
A conduit connecting the upper header of the evaporator tube group and the second condensing tube is provided so that the vapor flow of the working medium and the condensate flow flow countercurrently to each other to effectively separate the non-condensable gas. This is a method of removing non-condensable gas from the heat exchanger by collecting the non-condensable gas in the condensing tube and the upper end and discharging the gas.
〈実施例〉
この発明を以下図面により説明する。第２図はこの発明
の一実施例を示す装置の正面図である。（なお理解を容
易にするために第２図の斜視図を参考図１として添付し
て示す。）夫々」１下のヘッダを一以上の伝熱管で接続
構成した蒸発管群１（作動媒体蒸発手段）は高温ガスダ
クト２内に位置し、凝縮管群３（作動媒体凝縮手段）は
低温ガスダクト４内に位置し、上部ヘッダ１ｂ（蒸気出
口部）と３’ｂ＜蒸気入口部）どうしは管路５（蒸気連
通手段）で接続され、下部ヘッダｉ ａ （凝縮液入口
部）と３ａ（凝縮液出口部）どうしは管路６（凝縮液連
通手段）で接続される。作動液（作動媒体２例えば水）
は管路７より弁８を経由して下部ヘッダ１ａに供給され
、熱交換器内の非凝縮性ガスは上部ヘッダ３ｂに接続す
る管路の弁９を経由して装置外に排出される。この場合
において管路５より分岐する管路１０に弁１１を設け、
この管路１０を管内において気液が向流する一以上のヒ
ートバイブ１２（第２の作動媒体凝縮手段）の下部ヘッ
ダ１２ａ（一端部）に接続する。またこの第２の凝縮管
用の下部ヘッダ１２ａの最低位置にあるノズルに接続す
る管路１３には弁１４を設け、この管路１３を下部ヘッ
ダ１ａ又は管路６に接続する。ヒートパイプ１゜２（第
２の凝縮管）は通常の伝熱管に作動液を封入したものに
よって形成してもよい。<Example> This invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a front view of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. (In order to facilitate understanding, the perspective view of Figure 2 is attached as Reference Figure 1.) Each evaporator tube group 1 (working medium evaporation The condensing tube group 3 (working medium condensing means) is located in the low-temperature gas duct 4, and the upper header 1b (steam outlet) and 3'b (steam inlet) are located in the high temperature gas duct 2. The lower headers ia (condensate inlet) and 3a (condensate outlet) are connected by a pipe 6 (condensate communication means). Working fluid (working medium 2 e.g. water)
is supplied to the lower header 1a from the pipe 7 via the valve 8, and the non-condensable gas in the heat exchanger is discharged to the outside of the apparatus via the valve 9 of the pipe connected to the upper header 3b. In this case, a valve 11 is provided in the pipe line 10 branching from the pipe line 5,
This pipe line 10 is connected to a lower header 12a (one end) of one or more heat vibes 12 (second working medium condensing means) in which gas and liquid flow countercurrently. Further, a valve 14 is provided in a pipe line 13 connected to the nozzle at the lowest position of the lower header 12a for the second condensing pipe, and this pipe line 13 is connected to the lower header 1a or the pipe line 6. The heat pipe 1.2 (second condensing tube) may be formed by a normal heat transfer tube filled with a working fluid.
なおヒートバイブ群にして複数本の伝熱管とと下ヘッダ
で構成してもよいが凝縮管群との伝熱面積の関係におい
てヒートパイプを単管とする場合を含むものである。こ
の場合において、下部ヘッダ１２ａはヒートバイブ下端
部を言い、上部ヘッダ１２ｂ（他端部）とはヒートバイ
ブ上端部ということとなる。とのヒートパイプ群１２の
上部ヘッダ１．２ｂには管路１５を接続し、弁１６ａ。Note that the heat vibrator group may be composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a lower header, but this also includes a case where the heat pipe is a single tube due to the heat transfer area with respect to the condenser tube group. In this case, the lower header 12a refers to the lower end of the heat vibe, and the upper header 12b (the other end) refers to the upper end of the heat vibe. A pipe line 15 is connected to the upper header 1.2b of the heat pipe group 12, and a valve 16a.
ガス溜１７．弁１６１）の順にこの管路１５内に位置さ
せる。なお、ガス溜は設けないで管１５内をガス貯溜部
としてもよい。Gas reservoir 17. valve 161) is placed in this conduit 15 in this order. Note that the inside of the pipe 15 may be used as a gas reservoir without providing a gas reservoir.
このような装置において、作動液を水とすれば蒸発管群
１内の水は高温ガスの保有熱を得て水蒸気となる。水蒸
気は北部ヘッダ］、Ｊ管路５を経て上部ヘッダ３ｂに入
り、第１の凝縮管としての凝縮管群３内を降下し乍ら凝
縮する。In such a device, if water is used as the working fluid, the water in the evaporator tube group 1 obtains the heat retained by the high-temperature gas and becomes water vapor. The water vapor enters the upper header 3b via the north header] and the J pipe 5, and condenses while descending within the condensing pipe group 3 serving as the first condensing pipe.
水蒸気は下部ヘッダ３ａに至る迄に順次凝縮し、最終的
には全ての水蒸気が水となり、この際の凝縮潜熱を低温
ガスに放出することになる。この結果、高温ガスの保有
熱を低温ガスに移送する訳である。水は下部ヘッダ３ａ
に集められ管路６を経て再び下部ヘッダ１ａを介して蒸
発管群１に入り、前述の作動を繰り返す。The water vapor condenses sequentially until it reaches the lower header 3a, and finally all the water vapor turns into water, and the latent heat of condensation at this time is released to the low-temperature gas. As a result, the heat retained in the high temperature gas is transferred to the low temperature gas. Water is at the lower header 3a
The evaporation tubes are collected into the evaporation tube group 1 via the pipe line 6 and the lower header 1a, and the above-described operation is repeated.
、一方、蒸発管群１で発生した水蒸気の一部は管路５よ
り分岐された管路１０を通って下部ヘッダ１．２ａに入
り、第２の凝縮管としてのヒートバイブ１２内をと昇し
乍ら凝縮する。凝縮した水はヒートパイプ群に管内面上
を重力降下し、下部ヘッダ１２＆に入り管路１３を通っ
て管路６に入り凝縮管群３で凝縮した水と合流する。こ
の結果ヒートバイブ管１２の管内では蒸気１ま上昇流、
水は下降流となり相互に向流となるので水の中に溶存し
ていた非凝縮性ガス（Ｈ２）が効果的に水蒸気流より分
離され上部ヘッダ１．２ｂに溜る。On the other hand, a part of the water vapor generated in the evaporator tube group 1 enters the lower header 1.2a through a pipe line 10 branched from the pipe line 5, and rises inside the heat vibrator 12 as a second condensing pipe. However, it is condensed. The condensed water falls by gravity on the tube inner surface of the heat pipe group, enters the lower header 12&, passes through the conduit 13, enters the conduit 6, and joins the condensed water in the condensing tube group 3. As a result, steam 1 flows upward in the heat vibrator tube 12.
Since the water flows downward and flows countercurrently to each other, the non-condensable gas (H2) dissolved in the water is effectively separated from the water vapor flow and accumulates in the upper header 1.2b.
実験の結果によれば非凝縮ガスの除去のために設けたヒ
ートバイブ群の伝熱面積は凝縮管群３の伝熱面積のほぼ
・眉荀−にすることで充分な効果を奏することが確めら
れた。According to the experimental results, it is confirmed that a sufficient effect can be achieved by making the heat transfer area of the heat vibrator group provided for removing non-condensable gas approximately equal to the heat transfer area of the condenser tube group 3. I was caught.
つぎにこの非凝縮ガスを抜き出す方法を示す。Next, we will show how to extract this non-condensable gas.
第３図の装置において、非凝縮ガスがヒートバイブ１２
の上部ヘッダ１．２ｂ及びガス溜１７に溜ると（弁１．
６ａは通常開である）この両者間に温度差が少くなる。In the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the non-condensable gas is
When the gas accumulates in the upper header 1.2b and the gas reservoir 17 of the valve 1.
6a is normally open) The temperature difference between the two becomes smaller.
ｆＪ［Ｊもこの部で蒸気の凝縮が行なわの信号は制御箱
１８に伝えられる。またガス溜］７内のガスはガス分析
装置１９に送られその非凝縮力ス（例えばＨ２）の濃度
が測定され、それが１１０００ｐｐをこすときは同様に
して制御箱１８に信号が送られる。この二つの信号（２
］、ａ。A signal indicating that steam is condensed at fJ[J is also transmitted to the control box 18. The gas in the gas reservoir] 7 is sent to a gas analyzer 19 to measure the concentration of non-condensable gas (for example, H2), and when it exceeds 11,000 pp, a signal is similarly sent to the control box 18. These two signals (2
], a.
２１、ｂ）（２２）を制御箱内のコンピュータの記憶デ
ータと対比判断され、弁１．６ａは閉、弁１６ｂ１１開
とし、ガス溜１７内のガスは吸引され（図示しないポン
プにより）装置外に排出される。排出が終れば弁１６ｂ
は閉、弁１．６ａは開とされる。21, b) (22) is compared with the data stored in the computer in the control box, the valve 1.6a is closed, the valve 16b11 is opened, and the gas in the gas reservoir 17 is sucked out (by a pump not shown) outside the device. is discharged. When the discharge is finished, the valve 16b
is closed, and valve 1.6a is opened.
ヒートバイブへは作動液蒸気が弁１１．管路１−０を経
由し導入され、凝縮液は管路１３．弁１４を経由し管路
６より下部へラダ１ａに戻される。The hydraulic fluid vapor is sent to the heat vibrator through valve 11. The condensate is introduced via line 1-0, and the condensate is passed through line 13. It is returned to the ladder 1a via the valve 14 from the pipe 6 to the lower part.
〈効果〉
この発明を実施することにより適量の作動液の蒸気と共
に非凝縮ガスはヒートバイブに抽出され排除され、熱移
送は効率良く行われる。<Effects> By carrying out the present invention, non-condensable gas is extracted and removed by the heat vibrator together with an appropriate amount of the vapor of the working fluid, and heat transfer is efficiently performed.
第１図は熱移送効率と蒸気中の非凝縮ガス濃度の関係を
示す線図、第２図はこの発明の一実施例にかかる装置の
構造を示す正面図、第３図はこの発明にかかる非凝縮ガ
スを除去する装置とその制御手段を含むものの構造を示
す図面である。
１・・・・・・蒸発管群
１ａ・・・・・・下部ヘッダ（凝縮液入口部）１ｂ・・
・・・・上部ヘッダ（蒸気出口部）３・・・・・・凝縮
管群（作動媒体凝縮手段）３ａ・・・・・・下部ヘッダ
（凝縮液出口部）３ｂ・・・・・何二部ヘッダ（蒸気入
口部）５・・・・・・管路（蒸気連通手段）
６・・・・・・管路（凝縮液連通手段）７、１．０．１
３．１．５・・・・・・管路８、１１．１．４．、 ］
、６ａ、 １６ｂ・−＝−・弁１２・・・・・・ヒート
バイブ（第２の作動媒体凝縮手段）
１２ａ・・・・・・下部ヘッダ（一端部）１２ｂ・・・
・・・上部ヘッダ（他端部）１７・・・・・・ガス溜
１８・・・・・・制御箱１９・・・・・・ガス分析装
置
２０ａ、２０ｂ・・・・・・温度発信器第３図Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between heat transfer efficiency and non-condensable gas concentration in steam, Fig. 2 is a front view showing the structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between heat transfer efficiency and non-condensable gas concentration in steam. 1 is a drawing showing the structure of an apparatus for removing non-condensable gas and a control means thereof; 1...Evaporation tube group 1a...Lower header (condensate inlet) 1b...
...Upper header (steam outlet) 3...Condensing tube group (working medium condensing means) 3a...Lower header (condensate outlet) 3b...2 Section header (steam inlet section) 5... Pipe line (steam communication means) 6... Pipe line (condensate communication means) 7, 1.0.1
3.1.5... Conduit 8, 11.1.4. , ]
, 6a, 16b -=- Valve 12 Heat vibe (second working medium condensing means) 12a Lower header (one end) 12b...
... Upper header (other end) 17 ... Gas reservoir
18...Control box 19...Gas analyzer 20a, 20b...Temperature transmitter Fig. 3
Claims (1)
る作動媒体蒸発手段（１）、蒸気入口部（３ｂ）と凝縮
液出口部（３ａ）を有する第１の作動媒体凝縮手段（３
）、前記蒸気出口部（１ｂ）と蒸気入口部（３ｂ）を連
通させる蒸気連通手段（５）、及び前記凝縮液出口部（
３ａ）と凝縮液入口部（１ａ）を連通させる凝縮液連通
手段（６）からなる閉回路を形成した熱交換器内に作動
媒体を封入し、前記閉回路の一部より作動媒体の蒸気を
取り出し第２の作動媒体凝縮手段（１２）内へ該手段の
一端部（１２ａ）より導入し、当該一端部（１２ａ）よ
り凝縮液を取り出すことにより、前記第２の作動媒体凝
縮手段（１２）内での蒸気の流れと凝縮液の流れとを相
互に向流となるように作動させ、もつて前記第２の作動
媒体凝縮手段（１２）の他端部（１２ｂ）内に非凝縮ガ
スを分離し、これを該他端部より除去することを特徴と
する熱交換器の非凝縮性ガス分離方法。1. Working medium evaporating means (1) having a condensate inlet (1a) and a vapor outlet (1b); first working medium condensing means (1) having a vapor inlet (3b) and a condensate outlet (3a); 3
), a steam communication means (5) for communicating the steam outlet part (1b) and the steam inlet part (3b), and the condensate outlet part (
A working medium is sealed in a heat exchanger forming a closed circuit consisting of a condensate communication means (6) that communicates the condensate inlet section (1a) with The second working medium condensing means (12) is taken out by introducing the condensed liquid into the second working medium condensing means (12) from one end (12a) of the means and taking out the condensed liquid from the one end (12a). The flow of steam and the flow of condensate are operated in countercurrent to each other, and non-condensable gas is introduced into the other end (12b) of the second working medium condensing means (12). A method for separating a non-condensable gas in a heat exchanger, the method comprising separating a non-condensable gas from the other end of the heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27984686A JPH0236879B2 (en) | 1986-11-26 | 1986-11-26 | NETSUKOKANKINOHIGYOSHUKUSEIGASUBUNRIUNTENHOHO |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27984686A JPH0236879B2 (en) | 1986-11-26 | 1986-11-26 | NETSUKOKANKINOHIGYOSHUKUSEIGASUBUNRIUNTENHOHO |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4605479A Division JPS55140093A (en) | 1979-04-17 | 1979-04-17 | Method and apparatus for removing noncondensable gas from heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6354594A true JPS6354594A (en) | 1988-03-08 |
| JPH0236879B2 JPH0236879B2 (en) | 1990-08-21 |
Family
ID=17616750
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27984686A Expired - Lifetime JPH0236879B2 (en) | 1986-11-26 | 1986-11-26 | NETSUKOKANKINOHIGYOSHUKUSEIGASUBUNRIUNTENHOHO |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0236879B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0351677U (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-05-20 | ||
| EP0677851A1 (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-18 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | A condenser for steam mixed with non-condensable gases, operating with natural circulation, for nuclear reactor protection systems |
-
1986
- 1986-11-26 JP JP27984686A patent/JPH0236879B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0351677U (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-05-20 | ||
| EP0677851A1 (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-18 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | A condenser for steam mixed with non-condensable gases, operating with natural circulation, for nuclear reactor protection systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0236879B2 (en) | 1990-08-21 |
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