JPS635212B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS635212B2 JPS635212B2 JP55051520A JP5152080A JPS635212B2 JP S635212 B2 JPS635212 B2 JP S635212B2 JP 55051520 A JP55051520 A JP 55051520A JP 5152080 A JP5152080 A JP 5152080A JP S635212 B2 JPS635212 B2 JP S635212B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chip
- tool
- chip suction
- workpiece
- main shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/006—Devices for removing chips by sucking and blowing simultaneously
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は切削加工時に発生する切粉等を周囲に
飛散させずに切削時に切粉等を効果的に吸引する
ようにした切粉吸引装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a chip suction device that effectively sucks chips and the like generated during cutting without scattering them to the surroundings.
従来、切削加工時に発生する切粉等に対して
は、種々の回収装置が用いられている。一般的に
は切削中あるいは切削後に入手により工作機械付
近に飛散した切粉をチツプコンベア等に切粉を落
し切粉を所定のバケツトに回収する方式が採られ
ているが、特に切粉が多量に発生する、航空機の
各種部材の加工においてはこの方式は効果的でな
い。このため工作機械の主軸部をフードで覆い、
同フード内の大気が負圧になるように吸引装置に
よつて切粉を吸引する吸引方式が採られている。
しかしながらフードからダクトに通ずる開口部が
広いため切粉を吸引するだけの空気の流速を高め
ることができず、被削材に対する工具の位置およ
び被削材に対する工具の回転方向および被削材の
移動方向および被削材の形状によつて切粉の排出
方向が変化するため従来の切粉吸引方式では十分
な効果を得ることができなかつた。 Conventionally, various collection devices have been used to collect chips and the like generated during cutting. Generally, a method is adopted in which the chips scattered around the machine tool during or after cutting are dropped onto a chip conveyor, etc., and then collected in a designated bucket. This method is not effective when processing various parts of aircraft, which occurs frequently. For this reason, the main shaft of the machine tool is covered with a hood,
A suction method is used in which chips are sucked in using a suction device so that the atmosphere inside the hood becomes negative pressure.
However, because the opening leading from the hood to the duct is wide, it is not possible to increase the flow rate of air enough to suck in the chips. Since the direction of discharge of chips changes depending on the direction and the shape of the workpiece, the conventional chip suction method has not been able to obtain sufficient effects.
本発明は前述した切粉の回収方式の問題点に鑑
みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは切
削加工時に発生する切粉等を効果的に吸引し、か
つ切粉流に追尾してフードを回動するようにした
切粉吸引装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems with the chip collection method, and its purpose is to effectively suck up chips, etc. generated during cutting, and to track the flow of chips. To provide a chip suction device with a rotatable hood.
以下、本発明の実施例を、図面を基に説明す
る。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図および第２図は工作機械の主軸の周囲に
めぐらされたフード回動型の吸引装置の構成を示
す一例で、主軸１は工具２を軸承可能とし、かつ
主軸頭３に回転可能に軸支されている。 Figures 1 and 2 show an example of the configuration of a rotating hood type suction device that is placed around the main shaft of a machine tool. It is pivoted.
４は主軸頭３に環装された円環面状の切粉吸引
ダクトで、ダクト４は主軸頭３に取付けられた２
組の空圧シリンダ（図示省略）のロツドの端と固
定され、シール５ｂを介して主軸頭３に沿つて上
下方向に移動可能支持されている。この空圧シリ
ンダによりダクト４は被削材との干渉を避けるべ
くあらかじめ高さに調整される。ダクト４の内部
にはダクト４の内周面に沿つて回転自在に支持さ
れる切粉吸入フード５を設けており、切粉吸引フ
ード５は開口部５ａを備え、主軸頭３との接触面
にシール５ｂを取付けている。切粉流の分布は切
削条件、工具の形状および被削材の形状によつて
変化するので切粉吸引フード５の開口部５ａはこ
れらの事情を考慮して切粉吸引フード５の回動中
心に対し180度の範囲内で開口していることが望
ましい。 4 is an annular chip suction duct attached to the spindle head 3;
It is fixed to the end of a rod of a set of pneumatic cylinders (not shown), and is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the spindle head 3 via a seal 5b. The height of the duct 4 is adjusted in advance by this pneumatic cylinder to avoid interference with the workpiece. A chip suction hood 5 is provided inside the duct 4 and is rotatably supported along the inner peripheral surface of the duct 4. The chip suction hood 5 has an opening 5a and a contact surface with the spindle head 3. Seal 5b is attached to. Since the distribution of the chip flow changes depending on the cutting conditions, the shape of the tool, and the shape of the workpiece, the opening 5a of the chip suction hood 5 is set at the center of rotation of the chip suction hood 5 in consideration of these circumstances. It is desirable that the opening be within a range of 180 degrees.
また、この切粉吸引フード５は回動機構によつ
て回動され、切粉吸引フード５の開口部５ａは切
削時に発生する切粉流の流れ方向に位置決めされ
る。この回動機構は切粉吸引フード５の上端部に
固着したスプロケツト６と、ダクト４に装着した
サーボモータ７と、サーボモータ７の出力軸７ａ
に固着したスプロケツト８およびスプロケツト６
とに噛合するエンドレスチエーン９からなつてい
る。 Further, the chip suction hood 5 is rotated by a rotation mechanism, and the opening 5a of the chip suction hood 5 is positioned in the flow direction of the chip flow generated during cutting. This rotating mechanism consists of a sprocket 6 fixed to the upper end of the chip suction hood 5, a servo motor 7 attached to the duct 4, and an output shaft 7a of the servo motor 7.
sprocket 8 and sprocket 6 stuck to
It consists of an endless chain 9 that meshes with the
またダクト４の下端円周上には導管１２を配設
し、図示省略した圧縮空気供給源より空気供給孔
１１を介して導管１２に圧縮空気を導びいてい
る。導管１２には工具２の下方にあるワークを装
着したテーブル１０面の方向に圧縮空気を噴射す
るノズル１２ａと、工具周辺のテーブル面に傾斜
した角度で圧縮空気を噴射するノズル１２ｂを備
えている。 Further, a conduit 12 is disposed on the circumference of the lower end of the duct 4, and compressed air is guided to the conduit 12 through the air supply hole 11 from a compressed air supply source (not shown). The conduit 12 is equipped with a nozzle 12a that injects compressed air in the direction of the table 10 surface on which a workpiece is mounted below the tool 2, and a nozzle 12b that injects compressed air at an inclined angle toward the table surface around the tool. .
次に前述した切粉吸引フード５の回動制御につ
いて述べる。 Next, the rotation control of the aforementioned chip suction hood 5 will be described.
被削材Ｗの輪郭を切削する場合において、切粉
の排出方向は工具の回転方向、被削材Ｗに対する
工具の位置、被削材Ｗの移動方向および工具の切
刃のネジレ角、被削材の形状等によつて定まる。 When cutting the contour of the workpiece W, the chip discharge direction depends on the rotation direction of the tool, the position of the tool with respect to the workpiece W, the moving direction of the workpiece W, the helix angle of the cutting edge of the tool, and the workpiece Determined by the shape of the material, etc.
たとえば第３ａ図に示すように、工具が時計方
向回転でダウンカツトの場合および第４ａ図に示
すように工具が反時計方向回転でダウンカツトの
場合には工具の進行方向と反対側に切粉が飛散
し、第３ｂ図のように工具が時計方向回転でアツ
プカツトの場合および第４ｂ図のように工具が反
時計方向回転でアツプカツトの場合には工具の進
行方向と同方向に切粉が排出される。 For example, when the tool rotates clockwise and cuts down as shown in Figure 3a, and when the tool rotates counterclockwise and cuts down as shown in Figure 4a, chips are scattered on the side opposite to the direction of tool movement. However, when the tool is rotating clockwise and up-cutting as shown in Figure 3b, and when the tool is rotating counter-clockwise and up-cutting as shown in Figure 4b, chips are discharged in the same direction as the tool's advancing direction. .
したがつて、切粉吸引フードの角度位置決めは
第５図に示すようにＡ点からＢ点へ移動する工具
の微少移動拒離、すなわちバツフア数値指令値△
Ｘ、△Ｙを基に工具の移動方向θ＝tan-1△Ｙ／△Ｘお
よび工具の位置および工具の回転方向を逐一演算
する演算手段および同演算手段によつて得られた
角度に相当するパルスを発生するパルス発生手段
等からなる公知の制御装置によつてなされたサー
ボモータ７を回動し、スプロケツト８、チエーン
９、スプロケツト６を介して切粉吸引フード５の
開口部５ａの中心線を所定の方向に位置決める。 Therefore, the angular positioning of the chip suction hood is determined based on the slight movement rejection of the tool moving from point A to point B, that is, the buffer numerical command value △, as shown in Fig. 5.
The moving direction of the tool θ = tan -1 based on A servo motor 7 is rotated by a known control device including pulse generating means for generating pulses, and the center line of the opening 5a of the chip suction hood 5 is rotated through the sprocket 8, the chain 9, and the sprocket 6. position in a predetermined direction.
次に本発明の動作について述べる。 Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
まず、切削開始に伴ない被削材とダクト４が干
渉しないよう前記空圧シリンダを操作してダクト
４高さを調整する。次に図示省略した圧縮空気の
供給源より空気供給孔１１に圧縮空気を導びき、
導管１２に設けた複数のノズル１２ａ，１２ｂよ
り圧縮空気を噴射する。ノズル１２ａから噴射さ
れる圧縮空気はテーブル１０面の方向にエアーカ
ーテンを張り回らし切粉が周囲に飛散することを
防止し、ノズル１２ｂから噴射される圧縮空気は
テーブル１０上面の切粉等を舞い上がらせ、ダク
ト４内に切粉を吸引し易くしている。また、図示
省略した真空ポンプによつてダクト４を介し第１
図および第２図に示す開口部５ａより切粉を吸引
する。 First, the height of the duct 4 is adjusted by operating the pneumatic cylinder so that the workpiece does not interfere with the duct 4 as cutting begins. Next, compressed air is guided to the air supply hole 11 from a compressed air supply source (not shown),
Compressed air is injected from a plurality of nozzles 12a and 12b provided in the conduit 12. The compressed air injected from the nozzle 12a spreads an air curtain in the direction of the table 10 surface to prevent chips from scattering around, and the compressed air jetted from the nozzle 12b prevents chips etc. from scattering on the top surface of the table 10. This makes it easier to suck the chips into the duct 4. In addition, a vacuum pump (not shown) connects the first
The chips are sucked through the opening 5a shown in FIGS.
この切粉の吸引に際し、第５図に示すように工
具の移動を制御する数値指令値△Ｘ、△Ｙを基に
工具の移動方向θ＝tan-1△Ｙ／△Ｘおよび工具の位置
および工具の回転方向を逐一求め工具の移動方向
θおよび工具の位置および工具の回転方向に対し
切粉吸引フード５の中心線を一致せるべくサーボ
モータ７を回動しスプロケツト８、チエーン９、
スプロケツト６を介して吸引フード５を位置決め
する。また必要に応じて前述した工具の移動方向
θおよび工具の位置および工具の回転方向に対し
て約45度から90度の範囲の所定の角度を加算また
は減算した角度θ′に前記開口部５ａの中心線を合
わせるように切粉吸引フード５を回動制御するこ
ともできる。 When suctioning the chips, as shown in Fig. 5, based on the numerical command values △X and △Y that control the movement of the tool, the direction of tool movement θ=tan -1 △Y/△X and the position and position of the tool are determined. The rotation direction of the tool is determined one by one, and the servo motor 7 is rotated to align the center line of the chip suction hood 5 with the moving direction θ of the tool, the position of the tool, and the rotation direction of the tool, and the sprocket 8, chain 9,
Position the suction hood 5 via the sprocket 6. In addition, if necessary, the opening 5a is adjusted to the angle θ' obtained by adding or subtracting a predetermined angle in the range of about 45 degrees to 90 degrees with respect to the aforementioned tool moving direction θ, tool position, and tool rotation direction. It is also possible to control the rotation of the chip suction hood 5 so as to align the center lines.
さらに実用的には、前記した制御とは別に切粉
吸引フード５の回動は、開口部５ａの角度を180
度とし第６ａ図から第６ｄ図に示すように90度お
きに４位置に割り出すことによつて切削時の切粉
流をカバーし切粉の回収を行なうことも可能であ
る。 Furthermore, in practical terms, apart from the above-mentioned control, the rotation of the chip suction hood 5 changes the angle of the opening 5a by 180 degrees.
It is also possible to cover the flow of chips during cutting and collect the chips by indexing to four positions every 90 degrees as shown in FIGS. 6a to 6d.
以上説明したように、本発明は切削加工時に発
生する切粉の排出方向に合わせてフードの開口部
を回動し、開口部での空気の流速を高めることが
できるため、切粉を効果的に吸引することがで
き、切削加工上極めて大きな効果を奏する。 As explained above, the present invention rotates the opening of the hood in accordance with the discharge direction of chips generated during cutting, and can increase the air flow velocity at the opening, thereby effectively removing chips. It can be suctioned to a large extent, which has an extremely large effect on cutting work.
第１図は本発明の一実施例であるフード回動型
の切粉吸引装置の断面を示す断面図、第２図は第
１図におけるＡ−Ａ断面図、第３ａ図、第３ｂ
図、第４ａ図、第４ｂ図は被削材Ｗに対する工具
の回転方向の違いによる切粉の排出方向を示す概
略平面図。第５図は工具の進行方向θを示す概略
平面図、第６ａ図、第６ｂ図、第６ｃ図、第６ｄ
図は工具と被削材との位置の変化に伴なう切粉吸
引フードの回動位置を示す概略平面図。
４：切粉吸引ダクト、５：切粉吸引フード、
６，８：スプロケツト、７：サーボモータ、９：
チエーン、１１：空気供給孔、１２：導管、１２
ａ，１２ｂ：ノズル。
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a cross section of a rotary hood type chip suction device which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1, Fig. 3a, and Fig. 3b.
4A and 4B are schematic plan views showing the direction of discharge of chips depending on the rotational direction of the tool relative to the workpiece W. Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view showing the direction of movement θ of the tool, Fig. 6a, Fig. 6b, Fig. 6c, Fig. 6d.
The figure is a schematic plan view showing the rotational position of the chip suction hood as the positions of the tool and the workpiece change. 4: Chip suction duct, 5: Chip suction hood,
6, 8: Sprocket, 7: Servo motor, 9:
Chain, 11: Air supply hole, 12: Conduit, 12
a, 12b: nozzle.
Claims (1)
主軸に沿つて上下方向に移動可能になされ、下部
に切粉吸込口を有する切粉吸引ダクトと、前記切
粉吸引ダクト内に前記主軸を囲むように形成され
て回転自在に支持され、前記切粉吸引ダクトとに
よつて切粉吸込口の上方に環状の吸引流路を形成
すると共に周面の一部に切粉を吸引するための開
口部を有する切粉吸引フードと、前記切粉吸引フ
ードを回動し、前記吸引フードの開口部を所定の
位置に位置決め可能とした回動機構と、前記工具
の被削材に対する切削位置ならびに工具のワーク
に対する回転および移動方向から切粉の排出方向
を演算して前記回動機構に位置指令を出す制御装
置とからなることを特徴とした切粉吸引装置。 ２ 工具を軸承する主軸の周囲にめぐらされ前記
主軸に沿つて上下方向に移動可能になされ、下部
に切粉吸込口を有する切粉吸引ダクトと、前記切
粉吸引ダクト内に前記主軸を囲むように形成され
て回転自在に支持され、前記切粉吸引ダクトとに
よつて切粉吸込口の上方に環状の吸引流路を形成
すると共に周面の一部に切粉を吸引するための開
口部を有する切粉吸引フードと、前記切粉吸引フ
ードを回動し、前記切粉吸引フードの開口部を所
定の位置に位置決め可能とした回動機構と、前記
吸引ダクトの切粉吸引口の円周上に装着され前記
主軸に対向するテーブル面に向けて圧縮空気を噴
射する複数のノズルと、同じく前記切粉ダクトの
下方円周上に装着され前記工具周辺のテーブル面
に傾斜した角度で圧縮空気を噴射する複数のノズ
ルを備え、かつ前記工具の被削材に対する切削位
置および前記工具のワークに対する回転および移
動方向から切粉の排出方向を演算して前記回動機
構に位置指令を出す制御装置とからなることを特
徴とした切粉吸引装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A chip suction duct that is arranged around a main shaft that supports a tool, is movable in the vertical direction along the main shaft, and has a chip suction port at the bottom; is formed to surround the main shaft and is rotatably supported, and forms an annular suction flow path above the chip suction port with the chip suction duct, and also collects chips on a part of the peripheral surface. A chip suction hood having an opening for suction; a rotation mechanism that rotates the chip suction hood and positions the opening of the suction hood at a predetermined position; and a workpiece of the tool. 1. A chip suction device comprising: a control device that calculates a chip discharge direction from a cutting position relative to a workpiece and a direction of rotation and movement of a tool with respect to a workpiece, and issues a position command to the rotating mechanism. 2. A chip suction duct that is arranged around a main shaft that supports a tool, is movable in the vertical direction along the main shaft, and has a chip suction port at the bottom; The chip suction duct forms an annular suction flow path above the chip suction port, and has an opening in a part of the circumferential surface for sucking chips. a turning mechanism for rotating the chip suction hood and positioning the opening of the chip suction hood at a predetermined position; and a circular chip suction opening of the suction duct. A plurality of nozzles are installed on the circumference and inject compressed air toward the table surface facing the main shaft, and a plurality of nozzles are also installed on the lower circumference of the chip duct and compress the air at an inclined angle to the table surface around the tool. Control that includes a plurality of nozzles that inject air, and calculates a chip discharge direction from the cutting position of the tool with respect to the workpiece and the direction of rotation and movement of the tool with respect to the workpiece, and issues a position command to the rotation mechanism. A chip suction device characterized by comprising a device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5152080A JPS56146647A (en) | 1980-04-18 | 1980-04-18 | Chip suction device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5152080A JPS56146647A (en) | 1980-04-18 | 1980-04-18 | Chip suction device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56146647A JPS56146647A (en) | 1981-11-14 |
| JPS635212B2 true JPS635212B2 (en) | 1988-02-02 |
Family
ID=12889280
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5152080A Granted JPS56146647A (en) | 1980-04-18 | 1980-04-18 | Chip suction device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56146647A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6072204U (en) * | 1983-10-25 | 1985-05-21 | ナショナル住宅産業株式会社 | Dust control device for cutting saw blade |
| JPS6313704U (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1988-01-29 | ||
| JPS6454262U (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-04-04 | ||
| JPH0160844U (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-04-18 | ||
| JPH06300B2 (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1994-01-05 | 浜井産業株式会社 | Chip / dust removal device |
| JPH01138606U (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1989-09-21 | ||
| JPH01166045U (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1989-11-21 | ||
| JP2005238438A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-09-08 | Frontier:Kk | Gate cutting device of preformation |
| EP4354238A1 (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2024-04-17 | SCM Group S.p.A. | Collision detection method for a machine tool |
-
1980
- 1980-04-18 JP JP5152080A patent/JPS56146647A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56146647A (en) | 1981-11-14 |
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