JPS6342825B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6342825B2 JPS6342825B2 JP55184498A JP18449880A JPS6342825B2 JP S6342825 B2 JPS6342825 B2 JP S6342825B2 JP 55184498 A JP55184498 A JP 55184498A JP 18449880 A JP18449880 A JP 18449880A JP S6342825 B2 JPS6342825 B2 JP S6342825B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- sheet
- circuit
- sheet heating
- resistance value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 136
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、安定した抵抗値を有し、発熱分布が
調整された面状発熱体に関する。さらに詳細に
は、本発明は、面状発熱体の２本の電極間にある
複数本の発熱回路のうちの１本乃至数本を任意に
切断して、面状発熱体の発熱分布が調整された面
状発熱体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a planar heating element having a stable resistance value and a controlled heat distribution. More specifically, the present invention provides for adjusting the heat distribution of the sheet heating element by arbitrarily cutting one or several of the plurality of heating circuits between the two electrodes of the sheet heating element. The present invention relates to a sheet heating element.
従来、一般に提供されている導電性ペーストを
用いて基材上に印刷することにより発熱回路を形
成するという方法で製造された面状発熱体には、
基材の全面に導電性ペーストを印刷して発熱回路
とされたもの、あるいは一本の連続した線状のパ
ターンを印刷して発熱回路とされたものなどがあ
る。 Conventionally, sheet heating elements manufactured by printing a heating circuit on a base material using a commonly available conductive paste include:
There are those in which a conductive paste is printed on the entire surface of the base material to form a heat generating circuit, and those in which a single continuous linear pattern is printed to form a heat generating circuit.
しかしながら、これらの面状発熱体の抵抗値を
調整して発熱分布を調整するためには、全面に導
電性ペーストが印刷されて発熱回路とされた面状
発熱体では、サンドブラストやレーザーなどによ
り発熱回路が、たとえば、線状、円状および方形
状などの任意の形状にトリミングされるが、この
際にトリミングされた個所の外側周縁で、通電時
に電流密度が高くなり、その結果、局部的に異常
に発熱し、発熱回路が破断される原因となる。ま
た、一本の連続した線状のパターンを印刷して発
熱回路とされた面状発熱体では、発熱回路の一箇
所にでも異常が生ずると、発熱回路全体が断線し
てしまうなどの不都合がある。 However, in order to adjust the heat distribution by adjusting the resistance value of these sheet heating elements, it is necessary to use sandblasting, laser, etc. When a circuit is trimmed into any shape, e.g., linear, circular, or rectangular, the current density increases at the outer periphery of the trimmed area, resulting in a locally This may cause abnormal heat generation and breakage of the heating circuit. In addition, with a sheet heating element whose heating circuit is printed with a single continuous linear pattern, if an abnormality occurs in even one part of the heating circuit, the entire heating circuit may be disconnected. be.
したがつて、このようなパターンの発熱回路
は、発熱温度の高い面状発熱体を必要とする場合
の発熱回路としては好ましくない。 Therefore, a heat generating circuit having such a pattern is not preferable as a heat generating circuit when a planar heating element with a high heat generation temperature is required.
また、一般に通電時の面状発熱体の表面温度の
温度分布は、面状発熱体の発熱と熱放射および／
または対流との平衡によつて決まる。すなわち、
面状発熱体を水平に設置した場合には、面状発熱
体の発熱が均一であると、熱放射および／または
対流などにより周辺部に較べて中心部の温度が高
くなる。一方、面状発熱体を垂直に設置すると、
前記と同様な理由により、面状発熱体の温度は、
下部に較べて上部が高くなる。 In general, the temperature distribution of the surface temperature of a sheet heating element when energized is based on the heat generation and heat radiation of the sheet heating element, and/or
Or it depends on the equilibrium with convection. That is,
When the planar heating element is installed horizontally, if the heating of the planar heating element is uniform, the temperature of the central portion will be higher than that of the peripheral portion due to heat radiation and/or convection. On the other hand, if a sheet heating element is installed vertically,
For the same reason as above, the temperature of the sheet heating element is
The upper part is higher than the lower part.
従つて、面状発熱体の本来の目的である均一な
温度分布となるようにするためには、その使用状
態によつて面状発熱体の発熱量を部分的に調整す
ることにより、温度分布を調節する必要がある
が、従来の面状発熱体では、このようなことは極
めて困難であつた。 Therefore, in order to achieve a uniform temperature distribution, which is the original purpose of a sheet heating element, it is necessary to partially adjust the calorific value of the sheet heating element depending on the usage conditions. It is necessary to adjust the temperature, but this is extremely difficult with conventional planar heating elements.
本発明の面状発熱体の発熱回路では、抵抗値の
調整が容易で、発熱量を容易に部分的に調整する
ことにより、面状発熱体の温度分布を調節するこ
とが可能である。 In the heating circuit for the sheet heating element of the present invention, the resistance value can be easily adjusted, and the temperature distribution of the sheet heating element can be adjusted by easily and partially adjusting the amount of heat generated.
次に本発明を、図面を参照して具体的に説明す
る。すなわち、第１図および第２図は、従来の面
状発熱体を示し、それぞれ同一の導電性ペースト
を用いて基材の全面に印刷した面状発熱体および
一本の連続した線状の発熱回路のパターンを印刷
した面状発熱体の一例である。 Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings. That is, FIGS. 1 and 2 show conventional sheet heating elements, respectively, a sheet heating element printed on the entire surface of a base material using the same conductive paste, and a continuous linear heating element. This is an example of a sheet heating element printed with a circuit pattern.
第３図は、本発明に使用される面状発熱体の一
例を示している。 FIG. 3 shows an example of a planar heating element used in the present invention.
これらの面状発熱体において、抵抗値を変化さ
せて所望の温度分布を示す面状発熱体を得る場合
には、第１図に示されたような、全面に印刷した
面状発熱体では、その縦横比を変化させることに
より面状発熱体全面の抵抗値を変化させ得るが、
この場合には、製品の形状が変わつてしまうとい
う不都合がある。また、この面状発熱体は、トリ
ミングにより発熱量を部分的に調整し得るが、前
記のような局部的な異常発熱などの欠点があり、
実用的ではない。 In order to obtain a sheet heating element that exhibits a desired temperature distribution by changing the resistance value of these heating elements, in the case of a sheet heating element printed on the entire surface as shown in FIG. By changing the aspect ratio, the resistance value of the entire surface of the sheet heating element can be changed.
In this case, there is an inconvenience that the shape of the product changes. In addition, although the heat generation amount of this sheet heating element can be partially adjusted by trimming, it has drawbacks such as localized abnormal heat generation as described above.
Not practical.
また、第２図に示されたような、一本の連続し
た線状の発熱回路を有する面状発熱体の場合に
は、図中３で示されるように、線の幅を変化させ
たり、また、線の長さを変化させることにより、
抵抗値を局部的に変化させて発熱分布を調整する
ことができるが、この場合には、第２図中の４で
示された位置のような発熱回路のエツジ部分で通
電時に異常発熱が生じ易く、面状発熱体の発熱回
路としては好ましくない。また、発熱量の部分的
な調整は、発熱回路の折り曲げ間隔を変えること
よにより可能であるが、所望の温度分布を得るた
めには、多種類の導電性ペーストと版を用意しな
ければならないなどの不都合があり、実用に適さ
なかつた。 In addition, in the case of a planar heating element having one continuous linear heating circuit as shown in Fig. 2, the width of the line may be changed as shown by 3 in the drawing. Also, by changing the length of the line,
It is possible to adjust the heat generation distribution by locally changing the resistance value, but in this case, abnormal heat generation may occur when electricity is applied at the edge of the heat generation circuit, such as the position indicated by 4 in Figure 2. Therefore, it is not preferable as a heating circuit for a planar heating element. In addition, partial adjustment of the amount of heat generated is possible by changing the bending interval of the heating circuit, but in order to obtain the desired temperature distribution, it is necessary to prepare many types of conductive pastes and plates. There were such inconveniences that it was not suitable for practical use.
一方、本発明の面状発熱体では、すでに形成さ
れた発熱回路のうちの任意の発熱回路の１本乃至
数本を切断して、この発熱回路に通電させないこ
とよにより、通電時に部分的に異常発熱を生じさ
せることなく、種々の所望の温度分布とすること
ができる。 On the other hand, in the planar heating element of the present invention, by cutting one or several arbitrary heating circuits out of the heating circuits already formed and not energizing this heating circuit, it is possible to partially cut off the heat generating circuit when energizing. Various desired temperature distributions can be achieved without causing abnormal heat generation.
また、抵抗値を変えるために行なわれる発熱回
路のトリミングの面から説明を行なうと、第１図
のような全面に印刷したものでは、１の電極に対
して平行な線状にサンドブラストやレーザーなど
により塗膜を剥がして発熱回路をトリミングして
所望の温度分布が得られるように抵抗調整を行な
うことが可能である。しかしながら、この場合に
は、通電して発熱させると切断部分２の先端に電
流密度が集中するため、この部分が異常に発熱し
て、長期の使用に耐えなくなる。 Also, to explain the trimming of the heat generating circuit that is done to change the resistance value, if the entire surface is printed as shown in Figure 1, sandblasting, laser etc. By peeling off the coating and trimming the heating circuit, it is possible to adjust the resistance so as to obtain a desired temperature distribution. However, in this case, when electricity is applied to generate heat, the current density is concentrated at the tip of the cut portion 2, so this portion generates abnormal heat and cannot withstand long-term use.
また、第２図のような一本の連続した線状のパ
ターンが発熱回路として印刷された面状発熱体で
は、あらかじめ、発熱回路の一部を３で示された
部分の様に幅を広くしておき、この幅広部分の一
部を任意の長さでトリミングして、所望の抵抗値
を有するように調整が行なわれるが、このときに
は、第１図に示された面状発熱体と同様に、トリ
ミング部分の先端で電流密度が高くなるため、通
電時にこの部分で異常に発熱し、これまた、長期
の使用に耐えなくなる。 In addition, in the case of a sheet heating element in which a single continuous linear pattern is printed as a heating circuit as shown in Figure 2, a part of the heating circuit is made wide in advance as shown in 3. Then, a part of this wide part is trimmed to an arbitrary length to adjust it to have the desired resistance value. Furthermore, since the current density is high at the tip of the trimmed part, abnormal heat is generated in this part when electricity is applied, which also makes it unsustainable for long-term use.
本発明の目的とする処は、異常発熱を発生させ
ることなく、抵抗値を部分的に変化させて発熱分
布が調整され、これにより温度分布が調整された
た面状発熱体である。 The object of the present invention is a planar heating element in which the heat distribution is adjusted by partially changing the resistance value without causing abnormal heat generation, and thereby the temperature distribution is adjusted.
すなわち、本発明は、互いに平行する２本の電
極と、該電極間に該電極に接続され、かつ、互い
に実質的に平行で、実質的に等間隔に配設された
複数本の発熱回路を有し、該発熱回路のうちの１
本乃至数本が切断され、面状発熱体の発熱分布が
調整されたことを特徴とする面状発熱体である。 That is, the present invention includes two electrodes that are parallel to each other, and a plurality of heating circuits that are connected to the electrodes between the electrodes, are substantially parallel to each other, and are arranged at substantially equal intervals. and one of the heating circuits
This sheet heating element is characterized in that one or several pieces are cut to adjust the heat distribution of the sheet heating element.
第３図に示されたように、本発明の面状発熱体
では、抵抗値を部分的に変化させて、発熱分布を
調整するには、印刷された互いに平行な複数の発
熱回路のうちの任意の発熱回路の１本乃至数本を
切断して、この発熱回路に通電させないことによ
り可能であり、このようにしても、局部的な異常
発熱がない。 As shown in FIG. 3, in the planar heating element of the present invention, in order to partially change the resistance value and adjust the heat generation distribution, one of the plurality of printed heating circuits parallel to each other is selected. This can be done by cutting off one or more of the heat generating circuits and not supplying electricity to the heat generating circuit, and even if this is done, there will be no localized abnormal heat generation.
第４図は、表面温度150℃での通電時の抵抗値
の経時変化を示すグラフでであり、直線１は、本
発明の面状発熱体についてのものであり、曲線２
は、基材の全面に導電性ペーストを印刷して発熱
回路とした面状発熱体についてのものである。 FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change in resistance value over time when electricity is applied at a surface temperature of 150°C, where straight line 1 is for the sheet heating element of the present invention, and curve 2 is for the sheet heating element of the present invention.
relates to a planar heating element in which a conductive paste is printed on the entire surface of a base material to form a heating circuit.
いずれも、一定の抵抗値を示すように調整し
た。 Both were adjusted to exhibit a constant resistance value.
すなわち、基材の全面に導電性ペーストを印刷
して発熱回路とした面状発熱体にあつては、たと
えば、第１図２に示したように抵抗調整のトリミ
ングを行ない面抵抗値を100Ωに調整した。一方、
本発明の面状発熱体では、複数の互いに平行な発
熱回路のうちの任意の発熱回路を、導電性ペース
トの塗膜を剥いで切断して、面抵抗値を200Ωに
調整した。 In other words, in the case of a sheet heating element with a heating circuit made by printing conductive paste on the entire surface of the base material, for example, as shown in Fig. 1, the sheet resistance value can be adjusted to 100Ω by trimming to adjust the resistance. It was adjusted. on the other hand,
In the planar heating element of the present invention, any one of the plurality of mutually parallel heating circuits was cut by peeling off the conductive paste coating, and the sheet resistance value was adjusted to 200Ω.
通電試験時の抵抗値の経時変化を比較すると、
第４図に示されるように、両面状発熱体はいずれ
も同一な導電性ペーストが使用されているにもか
かわらず、基材の全面に導電性ペーストを印刷し
て発熱回路とした面状発熱体では、その抵抗値
は、時間の経過に伴つて、大きく低下しているこ
とが判る。すなわち、抵抗調整のトリミングを行
なつた切断線の先端部で発生した熱が、時間の経
過に伴つて蓄積されて異常な高温となり、この異
常発熱部の抵抗変化が加速度的に大きくなつたた
めに、これが全抵抗値の経時変化として表れたも
のである。これに対して、本発明の面状発熱体で
は、抵抗調整を行なつたにもかかわらず、通電時
の負荷が均一化して局部的な異常発熱は発生しな
いので通電時の抵抗値の経時変化はなく、極めて
安定していることが判る。 Comparing the change in resistance value over time during the current test,
As shown in Figure 4, although the same conductive paste is used in both double-sided heating elements, conductive paste is printed on the entire surface of the base material to create a heating circuit. It can be seen that the resistance value of the body decreases significantly over time. In other words, the heat generated at the tip of the cutting line that was trimmed for resistance adjustment accumulates over time, resulting in an abnormally high temperature, and the resistance change at this abnormal heating part increases at an accelerating rate. , which appears as a change in total resistance value over time. On the other hand, in the planar heating element of the present invention, even though the resistance is adjusted, the load when energized is uniform and local abnormal heat generation does not occur, so the resistance value changes over time when energized. It can be seen that it is extremely stable.
また、前記したように、面状発熱体の設置状態
により表面温度の温度分布が変化するが、本発明
の面状発熱体では、設置状態にかかわりなく所望
する温度分布とすることができる。 Furthermore, as described above, the temperature distribution of the surface temperature changes depending on the installation state of the sheet heating element, but with the sheet heating element of the present invention, a desired temperature distribution can be achieved regardless of the installation condition.
すなわち、本発明の面状発熱体では、面状発熱
体を水平に設置する場合には、中央部分の任意の
発熱回路を切断して面状発熱体の発熱分布を調整
する。また、面状発熱体を鉛直に設置する場合に
は、面発熱体の上部になる部分の任意の発熱回路
を切断して面状発熱体の発熱分布を調整する。 That is, in the planar heating element of the present invention, when the planar heating element is installed horizontally, an arbitrary heating circuit in the central portion is cut to adjust the heat generation distribution of the planar heating element. Further, when the sheet heating element is installed vertically, the heat distribution of the sheet heating element is adjusted by cutting off any heating circuit in the upper part of the sheet heating element.
第５図は、面状発熱体を水平に設置して通電し
たときの表面温度の温度分布を示している。すな
わち、(1)は、基材の全面に導電性ペーストを印刷
して発熱回路とした面状発熱体の発熱回路を、第
１図のようにトリミングした場合の面状発熱体の
表面温度の温度分布を示す。また、(2)は、面状発
熱体の中央部の任意の発熱回路を切断して抵抗値
が部分的に調整された本発明の面状発熱体の表面
温度の温度分布を示す。 FIG. 5 shows the temperature distribution of the surface temperature when the planar heating element is installed horizontally and energized. In other words, (1) is the surface temperature of the sheet heating element when the heating circuit of the sheet heating element is printed with conductive paste on the entire surface of the base material and the heating circuit is trimmed as shown in Figure 1. Shows temperature distribution. Further, (2) shows the temperature distribution of the surface temperature of the planar heating element of the present invention whose resistance value has been partially adjusted by cutting off an arbitrary heating circuit in the center of the planar heating element.
面状発熱体の表面温度の温度分布は、前記した
ように、一般に、水平に設置した場合には、発熱
量を全面に均一にすると、熱放射および／または
対流などにより中央部分が周辺部分よりも温度が
高くなる傾向があり、第５図１では、中央部分と
周辺部分との温度差が大きく、このような傾向が
あることを示している。一方、本発明の面状発熱
体では、第５図２に示されているように、中央部
分と周辺部分との温度差が小さく、温度分布が均
一であり、本発明の面状発熱体が優れていること
は明らかである。 As mentioned above, the temperature distribution of the surface temperature of a planar heating element is generally such that when installed horizontally, if the heat generation amount is made uniform over the entire surface, the center part will be lower than the surrounding part due to heat radiation and/or convection. The temperature also tends to increase, and in FIG. 5, the temperature difference between the central part and the peripheral part is large, indicating that there is such a tendency. On the other hand, in the sheet heating element of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature difference between the central portion and the peripheral portion is small and the temperature distribution is uniform. It is clear that it is superior.
本発明の面状発熱体の発熱回路を形成するため
に使用される導電性ペーストには特に制限はな
く、一般に使用されている導電性ペーストを使用
し得るが、たとえば、一般式M2O・xSiO2（式中
Ｍはアルカリ金属、ｘ＝0.5〜10）で表される結
晶水を有するか、または、有さない水溶性珪酸塩
あるいは該水溶性珪酸塩とコロイダルシリカ水溶
液との混合物または該水溶性珪酸塩とマグネシウ
ム、バリウム、亜鉛、ほう素、アルミニウム、ジ
ルコニウム、バナジウム、セシウム、タングステ
ンなどの酸化物および／または水酸化物とを反応
させて得られる変性珪酸塩を含有する無機質系バ
インダー材に、たとえば、グラフアイト、カーボ
ンブラツクの微粉末および金属粉のような導電性
粒子を、さらに必要に応じて、たとえば、アルミ
ナ、炭酸カルシウム、シリカ、およびマイカの微
粉末のような非導電性無機粒子を配合して得られ
る無機質系導電性組成物が好適に用いられる。 There is no particular restriction on the conductive paste used to form the heating circuit of the sheet heating element of the present invention, and commonly used conductive pastes may be used. A water-soluble silicate with or without water of crystallization represented by xSiO 2 (wherein M is an alkali metal, An inorganic binder material containing a modified silicate obtained by reacting a water-soluble silicate with an oxide and/or hydroxide such as magnesium, barium, zinc, boron, aluminum, zirconium, vanadium, cesium, or tungsten. electrically conductive particles such as fine powders of graphite, carbon black and metal powders, and optionally non-conductive inorganic particles such as fine powders of alumina, calcium carbonate, silica and mica. An inorganic conductive composition obtained by blending particles is preferably used.
また、本発明の面状発熱体に使用される基材に
は、特に制限はないが、通常、使用される基材が
使用される。たとえば、主として、アスベスト
板、マイカ板およびセラミツク板が使用される
が、所望により珪酸カルシウム板および石こうボ
ードなどの無機物質の板ならびに鉄、アルミニウ
ム、ステンレス、銅および亜鉛などの金属の板を
使用することを妨げない。 Further, the base material used in the planar heating element of the present invention is not particularly limited, but commonly used base materials are used. For example, asbestos boards, mica boards and ceramic boards are mainly used, but if desired, boards of inorganic materials such as calcium silicate boards and gypsum boards, and boards of metals such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel, copper and zinc are used. Don't prevent it.
このように、本発明の面状発熱体は、既存の面
状発熱体を使用して、種々の使用状態に応じて面
状発熱体の発熱分布を容易に調整することができ
るとともに、局部的な異常発熱が発生せず、長期
間のわたつて使用しても安定して所定の抵抗値を
維持し、その表面温度の温度分布が所望の分布に
なるように発熱が部分的に調整された面状発熱体
であり、その汎用性が拡大され、この面状発熱体
は、工業的に極めて有用である。 As described above, the sheet heating element of the present invention allows the heat distribution of the sheet heating element to be easily adjusted according to various usage conditions using existing sheet heating elements, and also allows for local heating. The heat generation is partially adjusted so that no abnormal heat generation occurs, the specified resistance value is stably maintained even after long-term use, and the temperature distribution of the surface temperature is the desired distribution. This sheet heating element has expanded versatility and is extremely useful industrially.
次に、本発明を、実施例によつて、さらに具体
的に説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
なお、実施例において導電性ペーストは一種類
のものしか使用されていないが、これらに限られ
るものではない。 Note that although only one type of conductive paste is used in the examples, the present invention is not limited to this.
参考例
（導電性ペーストの調整）
珪酸、アルミン酸ナトリウムおよび珪酸ナトリ
ウムからなる珪酸塩系無機組成物〔商品名 アロ
ンセラミツクＫ―45（東亜合成化学（株）の液状
成分〕に粒径0.5〜6μｍのグラフアイト粉を20重
量％配合して導電性ペーストを調製した。Reference example (Preparation of conductive paste) A silicate-based inorganic composition consisting of silicic acid, sodium aluminate, and sodium silicate [trade name Aron Ceramic K-45 (liquid component manufactured by Toagosei Kagaku Co., Ltd.)] with a particle size of 0.5 to 6 μm A conductive paste was prepared by blending 20% by weight of graphite powder.
実施例 １
参考例で得られた導電性ペーストを、基材であ
る100mm×120mmの長方形の集成マイカ板上に、そ
の相対する長辺側の周縁に配設された２本の電極
相当部位間に、これらの電極相当部位に接続さ
せ、かつ、これらの電極相当部位に対して、ほぼ
垂直に、幅１mmの互いに平行な50本の発熱回路
を、１mm間隔でスクリーン印刷したのち、150℃
で１時間乾燥し、次いで、200℃で１時間硬化処
理を行なつたのち、前記の電極相当部位に銀塗料
を線状に塗布して電極を形成し、抵抗値が160Ω
の面状発熱体を得た。Example 1 The conductive paste obtained in the reference example was applied to a rectangular laminated mica plate of 100 mm x 120 mm as a base material, between two electrode-equivalent parts arranged on the periphery of the opposing long sides. Then, 50 heat generating circuits with a width of 1 mm and parallel to each other were screen-printed at 1 mm intervals, connected to these electrode-equivalent parts, and almost perpendicular to these electrode-equivalent parts, and heated to 150°C.
After drying for 1 hour at 200°C, and curing for 1 hour at 200°C, silver paint was applied linearly to the area corresponding to the electrode to form an electrode, and the resistance value was 160Ω.
A planar heating element was obtained.
次いで、一方の端にある発熱回路から数えて、
２、３、５、７、10、14、19、25、32および41本
目の10本の発熱回路のそれぞれのほぼ中央部を約
１mmの幅で、レーザーにより切断して抵抗調整を
行なつて、面抵抗200Ωの面状発熱体を得た。 Then, counting from the heating circuit at one end,
The resistance was adjusted by cutting approximately the center of each of the 10 heating circuits (2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 19, 25, 32, and 41) to a width of approximately 1 mm using a laser. A planar heating element with a sheet resistance of 200Ω was obtained.
この面状発熱体を、発熱回路が多く切断された
側を上にして鉛直に宙吊りにして、表面温度150
℃で5000時間通電時間を行なつたときの、抵抗値
の経時変化を第１図の直線１に示す。 This sheet heating element was suspended vertically in the air with the side with the most disconnected heating circuits facing up, and the surface temperature reached 150.
Straight line 1 in Figure 1 shows the change in resistance value over time when the current was applied for 5000 hours at ℃.
実施例 ２
幅１mmの互いに平行な66本の発熱回路を0.5mm
間隔でスクリーン印刷した他は、実施例１と同様
な面状発熱体を得た。この面状発熱体の抵抗値は
100Ωであつた。Example 2 66 mutually parallel heating circuits with a width of 1 mm are arranged in a width of 0.5 mm.
A planar heating element similar to that of Example 1 was obtained, except that screen printing was performed at intervals. The resistance value of this sheet heating element is
It was 100Ω.
この面状発熱体の、一方の端にある発熱回路か
ら数えて８、15、21、26、30、33、34、35、38、
42、47、53および60本目の13本の発熱回路のそれ
ぞれを、一方の電極との接続部付近で約0.5mmの
の幅で、レーザーにより切断して抵抗調整を行な
つて面抵抗125Ωの面状発熱体を得た。 Counting from the heating circuit at one end of this sheet heating element, 8, 15, 21, 26, 30, 33, 34, 35, 38,
Each of the 13 heating circuits, 42nd, 47th, 53rd, and 60th, was cut with a laser to a width of approximately 0.5 mm near the connection with one electrode, and the resistance was adjusted to a sheet resistance of 125 Ω. A planar heating element was obtained.
この面状発熱体をアスベスト板上に水平に載置
し、表面温度の温度分布を調べた。温度分布のパ
ターンを第５図２に示す。 This planar heating element was placed horizontally on an asbestos board, and the temperature distribution of the surface temperature was examined. The pattern of temperature distribution is shown in FIG.
比較例
参考例で得られた導電性ペーストを、実施例１
で用いられたと同様な集成マイカ板上の全面にス
クリーン印刷したのち、実施例１と同様な条件で
乾燥および硬化処理し、銀塗料により基板の長辺
側の両周縁に幅10mmの電極を配設し、面抵抗90Ω
の面状発熱体を得た。Comparative example The conductive paste obtained in the reference example was used in Example 1.
After screen printing was performed on the entire surface of a laminated mica board similar to that used in Example 1, it was dried and cured under the same conditions as in Example 1, and electrodes with a width of 10 mm were arranged on both long sides of the board using silver paint. with surface resistance of 90Ω
A planar heating element was obtained.
この面状発熱体の発熱回路を、サンドブラスト
により、第１図で示されたように、２本のスリツ
トを設けてトリミングして、抵抗調整を行ない、
面抵抗100Ωの面状発熱体を得た。 The heating circuit of this planar heating element was trimmed by sandblasting with two slits as shown in FIG. 1, and the resistance was adjusted.
A planar heating element with a sheet resistance of 100Ω was obtained.
この面状発熱体を、電極が鉛直になるように宙
吊りにして表面温度150℃で5000時間通電試験を
行なつたときの抵抗値の経時変化を第４図の曲線
２に示した。 Curve 2 in FIG. 4 shows the change in resistance over time when this planar heating element was suspended in the air so that the electrodes were vertical and a current test was conducted for 5,000 hours at a surface temperature of 150°C.
また、この面状発熱体をアスベスト板上に水平
に載置し、表面温度の温度分布を調べた。温度分
布のパターンを第５図１に示す。 In addition, this planar heating element was placed horizontally on an asbestos board, and the temperature distribution of the surface temperature was investigated. The pattern of temperature distribution is shown in FIG.
第１図は長方形の基材表面の全面が発熱回路と
された面状発熱体、第２図は１本の連続した線状
の発熱回路が配設された面状発熱体および第３図
は２本の電極間に複数本の発熱回路が配設された
面状発熱体を示す。
第１〜３図において、１…電極部、２…抵抗調
整の切断部の端部、３…面状発熱体の幅が変更さ
れた部分および４…発熱回路のエツジである。
第４図は通電時の抵抗値の経時変化を示すグラ
フであり、直線１および曲線２は、それぞれ本発
明の面状発熱体およびトリミングされた全面発熱
回路を有する面状発熱体についてのものである。
第５図は面状発熱体を水平に設置した場合の面状
発熱体の表面の温度分布を示す図面であり、１お
よび２は、それぞれトリミングされた全面発熱回
路を有する面状発熱体および本発明の面状発熱体
についてものである。
Figure 1 shows a sheet heating element in which the entire surface of the rectangular base material is a heating circuit, Figure 2 shows a sheet heating element in which one continuous linear heating circuit is arranged, and Figure 3 A planar heating element in which a plurality of heating circuits are arranged between two electrodes is shown. In Figs. 1 to 3, 1...an electrode portion, 2...an end of a cutting portion for resistance adjustment, 3...a portion where the width of the planar heating element has been changed, and 4...an edge of a heating circuit. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change in resistance value over time when energized, and straight line 1 and curve 2 are for the sheet heating element of the present invention and the sheet heating element having a trimmed entire heating circuit, respectively. be.
Fig. 5 is a drawing showing the temperature distribution on the surface of the sheet heating element when the sheet heating element is installed horizontally, and 1 and 2 respectively show the sheet heating element with a trimmed whole surface heating circuit and the sheet heating element. This relates to the sheet heating element of the invention.
Claims (1)
極に接続され、かつ、互いに実質的に平行で、実
質的に等間隔に配設された複数本の発熱回路を有
し、該発熱回路のうちの１本乃至数本が切断さ
れ、面状発熱体の発熱分布が調整されたことを特
徴とする面状発熱体。1. Two electrodes parallel to each other, and a plurality of heat generating circuits connected to the electrodes between the electrodes, substantially parallel to each other, and arranged at substantially equal intervals, A planar heating element characterized in that one or several of the circuits are cut to adjust the heat distribution of the planar heating element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449880A JPS57107583A (en) | 1980-12-25 | 1980-12-25 | Panel heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449880A JPS57107583A (en) | 1980-12-25 | 1980-12-25 | Panel heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57107583A JPS57107583A (en) | 1982-07-05 |
| JPS6342825B2 true JPS6342825B2 (en) | 1988-08-25 |
Family
ID=16154232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449880A Granted JPS57107583A (en) | 1980-12-25 | 1980-12-25 | Panel heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57107583A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6039593U (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-19 | 旭硝子株式会社 | sheet heating element |
| JPS61184145A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-16 | Tsuneaki Usui | Metallic or nonmetallic resistor and method of manufacturing thereof |
| JPS6328290U (en) * | 1986-08-11 | 1988-02-24 | ||
| JP5603225B2 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2014-10-08 | 株式会社キッツエスシーティー | Resin annular work melting heater and welding machine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5167536A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1976-06-11 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | ITAJOHIITAA |
| JPS5540719U (en) * | 1978-09-09 | 1980-03-15 |
-
1980
- 1980-12-25 JP JP18449880A patent/JPS57107583A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5167536A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1976-06-11 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | ITAJOHIITAA |
| JPS5540719U (en) * | 1978-09-09 | 1980-03-15 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57107583A (en) | 1982-07-05 |
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