JPS6337192A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6337192A JPS6337192A JP18222686A JP18222686A JPS6337192A JP S6337192 A JPS6337192 A JP S6337192A JP 18222686 A JP18222686 A JP 18222686A JP 18222686 A JP18222686 A JP 18222686A JP S6337192 A JPS6337192 A JP S6337192A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- compound
- formulas
- display device
- tables
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- -1 amino 2-methylbutyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114081 cinnamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は新規な液晶物質を含有する液晶組成物に係わり
、特に強誘電性液晶表示装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to liquid crystal compositions containing novel liquid crystal materials, and more particularly to ferroelectric liquid crystal displays.
従来の技術
近年液晶表示は、腕時計、電卓等だけでなく映像機器に
も広く使われるようになり、液晶カラーテレビも市場に
出始めている。現在カラー表示用液晶パネルはふマチッ
ク液晶を用いたものがその主流を占めている。しかし、
その７マチツク液晶の諸特性は理想的とは言い難く多く
の問題を含んでいる０強誘電性液晶はその速い応答速度
、メモリー性等ネマチンク液晶にはない諸特性を有して
おりデイスプレィ装置への応用が考えられ多方面から研
究が進められている。 （オプトロニクス。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, liquid crystal displays have come to be widely used not only in wristwatches, calculators, etc., but also in video equipment, and liquid crystal color televisions have also begun to appear on the market. Currently, the majority of color display liquid crystal panels are those using fumatic liquid crystal. but,
The characteristics of 7-machine liquid crystals are far from ideal and include many problems. 0 Ferroelectric liquid crystals have properties that nematic liquid crystals do not have, such as fast response speed and memory properties, making them suitable for display devices. Applications are being considered and research is progressing from a variety of fields. (Optronics.
１９８３、ｌ１ｈ９）以下図面をみながら強誘電性液晶
について説明する。第６図は強誘電性液晶分子の模式図
である。強誘電性液晶は通常スメクチック液晶と呼ばれ
る層構造を有する液晶で、液晶分子は層法線方向に対し
てθだけ傾いた構造をとっている。また、通常強誘電性
液晶分子は、ラセミ体でない光学活性な液晶分子によっ
て構成されている。(1983, l1h9) Ferroelectric liquid crystals will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules. A ferroelectric liquid crystal is usually a liquid crystal having a layered structure called a smectic liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal molecules have a structure tilted by θ with respect to the normal direction of the layers. Furthermore, ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules are usually composed of optically active liquid crystal molecules that are not racemic.
第６図において、１０は液晶分子、１）は自発分極、１
２はＣダイレクタ−５１３はコーン、１４は層構造、１
５は層法線方向、１６は傾き角θを示している。In Figure 6, 10 is a liquid crystal molecule, 1) is spontaneous polarization, 1
2 is a C director, 513 is a cone, 14 is a layered structure, 1
Reference numeral 5 indicates the normal direction of the layer, and reference numeral 16 indicates the inclination angle θ.
第６図に示すように、強誘電性液晶分子は自発分極を有
しており、カイラルスメクチックＣ相においては、第６
図の円錐形１３（コーン）の外側を自由に動くことがで
きる。層毎に分子長軸の方向は少しだけずれており全体
としてはねじれ構造をとっている。次に強誘電性液晶の
表示原理について述べる。第６図は強誘電性液晶の動作
原理図である。第６図（ａｌは電圧無印加の状態、第６
図〜）は紙回連から表方向に電圧を印加した場合、第６
図＋ｃ＋は逆方向に電圧を印加した場合の動作原理図で
ある。１７は層法線に対して分子長軸が＋θ度傾いた液
晶分子、１８は−θ度頭重た液晶分子、１９は紙面表方
向を向いている双極子モーメント、２０は紙面裏方向を
向いている双極子モーメント、２１は２枚の偏光板の方
向である０強誘電性液晶を透明電極を存したガラス基板
に挾みそのパネルの厚を螺旋ピッチ以下にすると第７図
（ａｌのように螺旋がほどけ層に対して分子が＋θ度傾
いた領域と−θ度頭重た領域にわかれる。上下電極間紙
面塩から表方向に電圧を印加することにより第７図Ｃｂ
）のようにセル全体が＋θ度傾いたモノドメインになる
。また、逆電圧を印加すると第７図ｆｃｌのようにセル
全体が−〇度頭重たモノドメインになる。As shown in Figure 6, ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules have spontaneous polarization, and in the chiral smectic C phase, the sixth
It can move freely outside the cone 13 (cone) shown. The direction of the long axis of the molecules deviates slightly from layer to layer, resulting in a twisted structure as a whole. Next, we will discuss the display principle of ferroelectric liquid crystal. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the operating principle of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. Figure 6 (al is the state with no voltage applied,
Figure ~) shows that when voltage is applied in the front direction from the paper cycle, the sixth
Figure +c+ is a diagram of the principle of operation when voltage is applied in the opposite direction. 17 is a liquid crystal molecule whose long axis is tilted by +θ degrees with respect to the layer normal, 18 is a liquid crystal molecule whose head is tilted by −θ degrees, 19 is a dipole moment facing toward the front of the page, and 20 is a dipole moment facing toward the back of the page. The dipole moment, 21, is the direction of the two polarizing plates.If a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between a glass substrate with transparent electrodes and the thickness of the panel is made equal to or less than the helical pitch, as shown in Figure 7 (al). The spiral is unraveled and the molecules are divided into a region where they are tilted by +θ degrees and a region where they are overlapping by -θ degrees.By applying a voltage from the surface of the paper between the upper and lower electrodes in the surface direction, Figure 7Cb
), the entire cell becomes a monodomain tilted by +θ degrees. Furthermore, when a reverse voltage is applied, the entire cell becomes a monodomain with an offset of -0 degrees as shown in FIG. 7 fcl.
従って、電気光学効果による複屈折または２色性を利用
すれば＋θ度傾いた２つの状態により明暗を表すことが
できる。Therefore, by using birefringence or dichroism due to the electro-optic effect, brightness and darkness can be represented by two states tilted by +θ degrees.
強誘電性液晶をデイスプレィデバイスに応用する場合、
液晶材料に要求される条件として以下のものがあげられ
る。When applying ferroelectric liquid crystal to display devices,
The following conditions are required for liquid crystal materials.
■ 室温を含む広い温度範囲で強誘電性液晶相（たとえ
ばカイラルスメクチックＣ相）を示す。(2) Exhibits a ferroelectric liquid crystal phase (eg, chiral smectic C phase) over a wide temperature range including room temperature.
■ 強誘電性液晶の電界に対する応答速度τはτ−η／
Ｐｓ、−Ｅ
ただし、η；粘度
Ｐｓ；自発分極
Ｅ；印加電場
で与えられる。このため、数μｓｅｃオーダーの高速応
答を実現するためには、大きな自発分極をもつことが必
要である。■ The response speed τ of a ferroelectric liquid crystal to an electric field is τ−η/
Ps, -E where η; viscosity Ps; spontaneous polarization E; given by applied electric field. Therefore, in order to achieve a high-speed response on the order of several microseconds, it is necessary to have a large spontaneous polarization.
■ 先述したように、強誘電性液晶の光学応答は、安定
な２状Ｂ（ｂｉｓｔａｂｌｅ ５ｔａｔｅ ）により初
めて実現される。Ｃ１ｅｒｋらによると、この状態を実
現するためには、セルギヤノブｄを螺旋ビンチル以下に
し螺旋をほどく必要がある。エヌ。(2) As mentioned above, the optical response of a ferroelectric liquid crystal is first realized by a stable bistable B (bistable 5tate). According to C1erk et al., in order to achieve this state, it is necessary to make the cell gear knob d smaller than the spiral vinyl and unwind the spiral. N.
ニー、クラーク、ニス、ティー、ラガヴアル；アプル、
フィズ、レット、ユ亙 ８９９（１９８０） （Ｎ、
Ａ、 Ｃ１ｅｒｋ、 Ｓ、Ｔ、 Ｌａｇｅｒｗａｌｌ；
ＡｐＨ，Ｐｈｙｓ、 Ｌｅｔｔ、、３６ ８９９（１９
８０））このため、セル作成上作成容易なセルギャップ
の厚いセルを利用するためには、強誘電性液晶の螺旋ピ
ンチを長くする必要がある。Knee, Clark, Nis, Tee, Raghaval; Apple;
Fizz, Rhett, Yuki 899 (1980) (N,
A, C1erk, S, T, Lagerwall;
APH, Phys, Lett, 36 899 (19
80)) Therefore, in order to utilize a cell with a thick cell gap that is easy to fabricate, it is necessary to lengthen the helical pinch of the ferroelectric liquid crystal.
■ 強誘電性液晶の配向状態は、液晶材料の相系列によ
って異なり、特に強誘電性液晶相の高温側にスメクチッ
クＡ相（ＳｍＡ）およびコレステリ、り相（Ｃｈ）を有
する液晶材料が良好な配向状態が得られると考えられて
いる。すなわち、強誘電性液晶材料の相系列が、たとえ
ばカイラルスメクチックＣ相の場合本
Ｉｓｏ −４Ｃｈ −ｅ ＳｍＡ → ＳｍＣ
＊ただし、ｌｓｏ；等方性液体
Ｃｈ；コレステリック相
ＳｍＡ；スメクチックＡ相
Ｓ ｍ Ｃ” ｉカイラルスメクチックＣ相であること
が望ましい。■ The alignment state of ferroelectric liquid crystals varies depending on the phase series of the liquid crystal material. In particular, liquid crystal materials with smectic A phase (SmA) and cholesteric phase (Ch) on the high temperature side of the ferroelectric liquid crystal phase exhibit good alignment. It is believed that the state can be obtained. That is, when the phase series of the ferroelectric liquid crystal material is, for example, chiral smectic C phase, Iso -4Ch -e SmA → SmC
*However, it is desirable that lso; isotropic liquid Ch; cholesteric phase SmA; smectic A phase S m C''i chiral smectic C phase.
さらに、上記のような相系列を持つ液晶材料の中でもＣ
ｈ相のピンチが長いものの方が配向状態が良好であると
考えられている。Furthermore, among the liquid crystal materials with the above phase series, C
It is believed that the longer the h-phase pinch, the better the orientation state.
以上述べた条件以外にも液晶分子の傾き角θ等に対する
様々な要求がある。In addition to the conditions described above, there are various requirements regarding the tilt angle θ of liquid crystal molecules, etc.
従来の強誘電性液晶材料は温度範囲だけをとりあげてみ
ても実用的な材料は数少な（、上記の条件をすべて満た
し実用に耐え得る材料を用いた表示品位の優れた強誘電
性液晶表示装置は皆無に等しいのが現状であった。There are only a few conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal materials that are practical in terms of temperature range (and a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device with excellent display quality that satisfies all of the above conditions and uses materials that can withstand practical use). The current situation was that there were none.
以下に従来の強誘電性液晶材料の１例を示す。An example of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal material is shown below.
（＋）ｐ−デシルオキシヘンジリデンｐ アミノ２−メ
チルブチルシンナメイト（＋ＤＯＢＡＭＢＣ）Ｉｓｏ−
４５℃ｍＡ−４ＳＩＩＩＣ＊→ＳｍＧ＊１２０℃
９１℃ ６０℃
ただし、ＳｍＧ＊ ；カイラルスメクチックＣ相Ｐ ｓ
＝ ４〜５ ｎ Ｃ
τ＝数百μｓｅＣ〜数ｍ５ｅｃ
このような液晶化合物を用いた液晶表示セルにおいては
良好な配向状態は得られず、上記の結果のようにカイラ
ルスメクチックＣ相を示す温度領域は狭く表示特性は悪
いものであった。(+) p-decyloxyhenzylidene p amino 2-methylbutyl cinnamate (+DOBAMBC) Iso-
45℃mA-4SIIIC*→SmG*120℃
91℃ 60℃ However, SmG*; chiral smectic C phase P s
= 4 to 5 n C τ = several hundred μsec to several m5 ec In a liquid crystal display cell using such a liquid crystal compound, a good alignment state cannot be obtained, and as shown in the above results, the temperature range exhibiting chiral smectic C phase The area was narrow and the display characteristics were poor.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
しかしながら、従来の強誘電性液晶材料は、その温度範
囲だけをとりあげても実用的なものは少なく先述の４つ
の条件を総て満たし即デイスプレィデバイスに応用でき
る液晶材料は皆無に等しいのが現状である。そこで本発
明では、自発分権が大きくかつねじれの向きが逆である
ような液晶材料を含む液晶組成物を用いることにより、
広い温度範囲で動作し、容易に良好な配向が得られ、数
十μｓｅｃオーダーの高速応答可能な優れた表示品位の
強誘電性液晶表示装置を提供するものである。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal materials are not practical in terms of temperature range alone, and there are few liquid crystals that meet all of the four conditions mentioned above and can be immediately applied to display devices. The current situation is that there are almost no materials available. Therefore, in the present invention, by using a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal material that has a large spontaneous decentralization and has opposite twist directions,
The object of the present invention is to provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device that operates in a wide temperature range, easily obtains good alignment, and has excellent display quality that is capable of high-speed response on the order of several tens of microseconds.
問題点を解決するための手段
上記問題点を解決するために本発明の強誘電性液晶表示
装置は、自発分極が大きく、かつねしれの向きが逆であ
るような液晶材料を含む液晶組成物を用いることにより
、広い温度範囲で動作し、容易に良好な配向が得られ、
数十μｓｅｃオーダーの高速応答可能な優れた表示品位
を示すものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the ferroelectric liquid crystal display device of the present invention uses a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal material that has a large spontaneous polarization and has opposite twist directions. By using , it can operate in a wide temperature range and easily obtain good orientation
This shows excellent display quality capable of high-speed response on the order of several tens of microseconds.
作用
一般に、液晶の温度範囲を拡大するためには、２種類以
上の分子形状の異なる液晶化合物を混合することが必要
である。ところが、強誘電性液晶材料を混合する際には
その化合物の自発分極の極性１強誘電性液晶相のねじれ
の向き、コレステリック相のねじれの向き等の物質定数
を考慮にいれ混合しなければいけない。自発分極は、第
３図ｆａｔに示すように＋のものと第３図（ｂｌに示す
ように−のものが有りこの極性はカイラル中心の立体配
置と双極子モーメントの向きで決定される。自発分極の
極性の同一な液晶化合物を混合した場合の自発分極の変
化を第４図に、自発分極の極性の異なる液晶化合物を混
合した場合の自発分極の変化を第５図に示す。また、第
５図（ａｌは自発分極の大きさのほぼ等しい場合、第５
図中）は自発分極の大きさの大きく異なる場合の自発分
極の変化を示す。Function Generally, in order to expand the temperature range of liquid crystals, it is necessary to mix two or more types of liquid crystal compounds with different molecular shapes. However, when mixing ferroelectric liquid crystal materials, it is necessary to take into account material constants such as the polarity of the spontaneous polarization of the compound, the direction of twist of the ferroelectric liquid crystal phase, and the direction of twist of the cholesteric phase. . Spontaneous polarization has positive polarization as shown in Figure 3 (fat) and negative polarization as shown in Figure 3 (bl), and this polarity is determined by the configuration of the chiral center and the direction of the dipole moment. Figure 4 shows the change in spontaneous polarization when liquid crystal compounds with the same polarity of polarization are mixed, and Figure 5 shows the change in spontaneous polarization when liquid crystal compounds with different polarity of spontaneous polarization are mixed. Figure 5 (al is the fifth when the magnitude of spontaneous polarization is almost equal)
(in the figure) shows changes in spontaneous polarization when the magnitude of spontaneous polarization differs greatly.
この図より明らかなように、自発分極の極性の異なる液
晶化合物を混合すると自発分極の値は小さくなってしま
うが、自発分極の極性の同一の液晶化合物を混合するこ
とにより自発分極の大きい液晶化合物を容易に得ること
ができる。また自発分極の極性の異なる液晶化合物を混
合する場合でも第５図（１））のように、一方の自発分
極の大きさが他方に比べて大きい場合には自発分極の減
少は抑えられ比較的大きな自発分極をもった液晶化合物
が得られる。As is clear from this figure, when liquid crystal compounds with different polarities of spontaneous polarization are mixed, the value of spontaneous polarization becomes small, but by mixing liquid crystal compounds with the same polarity of spontaneous polarization, a liquid crystal compound with large spontaneous polarization is obtained. can be easily obtained. Furthermore, even when liquid crystal compounds with different polarities of spontaneous polarization are mixed, as shown in Figure 5 (1)), if the magnitude of the spontaneous polarization of one is larger than the other, the decrease in spontaneous polarization is suppressed and relatively A liquid crystal compound with large spontaneous polarization can be obtained.
螺旋軸のねしれ方向は、カイラル部の絶対的立体配置と
ベンゼン環からカイラル中心までの分子数が偶数か奇数
かで決定されると考えられている。The twist direction of the helical axis is thought to be determined by the absolute configuration of the chiral moiety and whether the number of molecules from the benzene ring to the chiral center is even or odd.
エム１．ツカモト、ティ、オオツカ、ケイ、モリモト、
ライ。ムラカミ；ジャパン、ジェイ、アブル、フィズ０
、上↓ １３０７ （１９７５）（門、Ｔｕｋａｍ
ｏｔｏ、 Ｔ、０ｔｓｕｋａ、 Ｋ、Ｍｏｒｉｍｏｔｏ
、 Ｙ、ＭｕｒａｋａｍｉＨＪａｐａｎＪ、Ａｐｐｌ、
Ｐｈｙｓ、、±４ １３０７ （１９７５））すなわ
ちカイラル中心の絶対立体配置が８体でありベンゼン環
からカイラル中心までの原子数が偶数であればねじれの
方向は右であり奇数であれば左である。また、カイラル
中心の絶対立体配置がＲ体であれば逆になる。一般にピ
ッチを伸すには、２つの方法が考えられる。１つは強誘
電性液晶材料にカイラルを持たない液晶材料を混合する
方法と、ねじれの方向が逆である液晶材料を混合する方
法である。前者の方法によるとピッチを伸すためにはカ
イラルを持たない液晶材料をかなりの割合混合する必要
があり、自発分極は非カイラル成分の増加と共に減少す
るので非常に小さくなってしまう。一方後者の方法によ
れば先程述べたように、自発分極の極性が同一でかつピ
ッチのねじれ方向が逆の液晶材料を混合するか或いは自
発分極の極性が逆であっても一方の自発分極が非常に大
きく、かつ互いのピッチのねじれ方向が逆である液晶材
料を含む液晶材料を用いることにより、良好な配向状態
を持つ高速応答可能な強誘電性液晶表示装置を得ること
ができる。M1. Tsukamoto, Tea, Otsuka, Kei, Morimoto,
Lai. Murakami; Japan, Jay, Able, Fizz 0
, top↓ 1307 (1975) (mon, Tukam
oto, T, 0tsuka, K, Morimoto
,Y,MurakamiHJapanJ,Appl.
Phys, ±4 1307 (1975)) That is, the absolute configuration of the chiral center is 8 bodies, and if the number of atoms from the benzene ring to the chiral center is an even number, the direction of twist is to the right, and if it is an odd number, the direction of twist is to the left. . Moreover, if the absolute configuration of the chiral center is the R configuration, the configuration is reversed. Generally, there are two methods to extend the pitch. One method is to mix a ferroelectric liquid crystal material with a liquid crystal material that does not have chirality, and the other is to mix a liquid crystal material whose twist direction is opposite to the ferroelectric liquid crystal material. According to the former method, in order to extend the pitch, it is necessary to mix a considerable proportion of a liquid crystal material that does not have chiral components, and the spontaneous polarization decreases as the non-chiral component increases, resulting in a very small amount. On the other hand, according to the latter method, as mentioned earlier, liquid crystal materials with the same polarity of spontaneous polarization but opposite pitch twist directions are mixed, or even if the polarity of spontaneous polarization is opposite, one spontaneous polarization is By using a liquid crystal material that includes liquid crystal materials that are very large and have opposite pitch twist directions, it is possible to obtain a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device that has a good alignment state and is capable of high-speed response.
実施例
本発明の実施例を図を用いて説明する。最初に本実施例
において、その強誘電性液晶材料の応答特性を測定した
液晶セルの構造を第５図に示す。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 5 shows the structure of a liquid crystal cell in which the response characteristics of the ferroelectric liquid crystal material were measured in this example.
ここで、４は偏光板、５はガラス基板、６は透明電極、
７はラビングにより配向処理を施した有機高分子膜、８
は強誘電性液晶層、９はセル厚を一定に保つためのスペ
ーサーを表している。このような構造のセルに強誘電性
液晶材料を封入しその応答特性および自発分極を測定し
た。自発分極については三角波法を用いて測定を行った
。Here, 4 is a polarizing plate, 5 is a glass substrate, 6 is a transparent electrode,
7 is an organic polymer film subjected to alignment treatment by rubbing, 8
9 represents a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer, and 9 represents a spacer for keeping the cell thickness constant. A ferroelectric liquid crystal material was sealed in a cell with such a structure, and its response characteristics and spontaneous polarization were measured. Spontaneous polarization was measured using the triangular wave method.
また、相転移温度については、偏光顕微鏡によるｔｅｘ
ｔｕｒｅ観察およびＤＳＣにより行い、ＳＣ＊相のピッ
チはセル厚１００ミクロンの配向処理を施したセルを用
い、ｃｈ相のピッチはｃｈ相を示さない化合物について
はネマチック液晶と混合することによりｃｈ相とし厚さ
５ミリの配向処理を施したガラス基板を用いた模型セル
を用い通常法により測定を行った。In addition, the phase transition temperature was determined by tex using a polarizing microscope.
The pitch of the SC* phase was determined using a cell subjected to alignment treatment with a cell thickness of 100 microns, and the pitch of the CH phase was determined by mixing with nematic liquid crystal to change the pitch of the CH phase to a compound that does not exhibit a CH phase. Measurements were carried out using a model cell using a glass substrate with a thickness of 5 mm that had been subjected to orientation treatment, using a conventional method.
実施例１
特許請求の範囲第＋１）項記載の化合物（１）のカイラ
ル部の立体配置が３体でありＲがノニル基でありｌが０
である化合物（Ｖｌ）と下記のカイラル部の立体配置が
２３．３３である化合物（■）のらせんのねじれ方向は
右であるため、逆ねじれの左ねじれの化合物として化合
物（ＩＶ）のカイラルの立体配置が３体でありＲｏがオ
クタノイックオキシ基でありｌが２、ｍ、ｎがそれぞれ
１である化合物（■）を用いた３成分系についてその転
移温度、ピッチの長さについて測定を行った。Example 1 The chiral moiety of the compound (1) described in claim No. +1) has a 3-configuration, R is a nonyl group, and l is 0.
The helical twist direction of the compound (Vl) which is 23.33 and the compound (■) whose chiral moiety is 23.33 below is right, so the chiral of compound (IV) is The transition temperature and pitch length of a three-component system using a compound (■) with a three-body configuration, Ro being an octanoic oxy group, l being 2, and m and n being 1 were measured. went.
また測定を行った化合物の組成は、化合物（Ｖｌ）が４
０ｗｔ％、化合物（■）が１０ｉｉｔ％、化合物（■）
が５０−ｔ％であった。以下にその結果を示す。In addition, the composition of the measured compound is that the compound (Vl) is 4
0wt%, compound (■) 10iit%, compound (■)
was 50-t%. The results are shown below.
・・・・・・ （■）
・・・・・・ （■）
相転移温度
Ｔｓｏ −” Ｓｍ＾ →ＳｍＣ＊ →Ｓｍｌ［
Ｉ＊１０４℃ ５７℃ １）℃
ｃｈ相のらせんピッチ；無限大
実施例２
特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の化合物（１）のカイラ
ル部の立体配置が２３でありＲがオクチＪし基でありｌ
が０である化合物（Ｖｌ）のらせんのねじれ方向は右で
あるため、逆ねじれの左ねしれの化合物として化合物（
ＴＩ［）のカイラルの立体自己万力く３体でありＲがデ
ンロキシ基であり６１ｍ、ｎ力（それぞれ１である化合
物（ＩＸ）を用いた２成分系についてその転移温度、ピ
ンチの長さについて測定を行った。第１図にこの２成分
混合系の相図を示す。また測定を行った化合物の組成は
、化合物（Ｖｌ）が７０ｗｔ％、化合物（ＩＸ）が３０
圓ｔ％であった。以下にその結果を示す。・・・・・・ (■) ・・・・・・ (■) Phase transition temperature Tso −” Sm^ →SmC* →Sml[
I*104°C 57°C 1)°C Helical pitch of ch phase; infinite Example 2 The configuration of the chiral moiety of compound (1) described in claim (1) is 23 and R is oct-J. It is a base
Since the twist direction of the helix of the compound (Vl) in which is 0 is right, the compound (
Regarding the transition temperature and pinch length of a two-component system using compound (IX), which is a chiral steric self-visiform three-body of TI[) and R is a denroxy group and has 61 m and n forces (1 each) Measurements were carried out. Figure 1 shows the phase diagram of this two-component mixture system. The composition of the measured compound was 70 wt% of compound (Vl) and 30 wt% of compound (IX).
It was t%. The results are shown below.
相転移温度
Ｉｓｏ −４ＳｍＡ −＊ ＳｍＣ＊
→ ＳａＩ［［４５１℃ ３６℃ ４．３
℃
ｃｈ相のらせんとッチ；無限大
実施例３
特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の化合物（１）のカイラ
ル部の立体配置が３体でありＲがノニル基でありｌが０
である化合物（Ｖｌ）のらせんのねじれ方向は右である
ため、逆ねじれの化合物としてねじれ方向が左の化合物
（Ｖ）のカイラル部の立体配置が８体でありＲｏがデシ
ルオキシ基である化合物（Ｘ）を用いた２成分系につい
てその相転移温度、ピッチの長さについて測定を行った
。また、測定を行った化合物の組成は、化合物（Ｖ［）
が５０ｗｔ％、化合物（ＩＸ）が５０ｗｔ％であった。Phase transition temperature Iso -4SmA -* SmC*
→ SaI[[451℃ 36℃ 4.3
°C ch phase helix and chain; Infinity Example 3 The chiral moiety of the compound (1) described in claim (1) has a three-body configuration, R is a nonyl group, and l is 0.
Since the twist direction of the helix of compound (Vl) is to the right, the compound (V) whose twist direction is on the left has an eight-body configuration in the chiral moiety and Ro is a decyloxy group ( The phase transition temperature and pitch length of the two-component system using X) were measured. In addition, the composition of the measured compound was compound (V[)
was 50 wt%, and compound (IX) was 50 wt%.
また、上記の液晶を用いて作成した液晶セルの配向状態
は良好であった。以下にその結果を示す。Furthermore, the alignment state of the liquid crystal cell created using the above liquid crystal was good. The results are shown below.
相転移温度
Ｉｓｏ −” ＳｍＡ −＝ ５ｔｓＣ＊
＝ Ｓｍｍ＊１０２℃ ５５℃ ２２℃
ｃｈ相のピッチ；無限大
発明の効果
以上のように本発明は自発分極の大きい、かつピッチの
ねじれ方向が逆であるような強誘電性液晶材料を混合す
ることにより室温を含む広い温度範囲で液晶相を示し、
配向状態の良好な、自発分極の大きい高速応答可能な強
誘電性液晶材料を用いることにより、表示品位の優れた
強誘電性液晶表示装置を提供するものである。Phase transition temperature Iso −” SmA −= 5tsC*
= Smm*102°C 55°C 22°C Pitch of ch phase; Infinite effect of the invention As described above, the present invention mixes ferroelectric liquid crystal materials that have large spontaneous polarization and have opposite pitch twist directions. As a result, it exhibits a liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range including room temperature.
By using a ferroelectric liquid crystal material with good orientation, large spontaneous polarization, and high-speed response, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device with excellent display quality is provided.
第１図は本発明の実施例１における２成分混合系の相図
、第２図は自発分極の極性を示す模式図、第３図は自発
分極の極性の同一の化合物を混合した場合の自発分極の
濃度依存特性図、第４図は自発分権の極性の異なる化合
物を混合した場合の自、発分権の濃度依存特性図、第５
図は強誘電性液晶セルの構成図、第６図は強誘電性液晶
の模式図、第７図は強誘電性液晶の動作原理を示した模
式図である。
１・・・・・・層法線方向、２・・・・・・分子長軸方
向、３・・・・・・自発分極の方向、４・・・・・・偏
光板、５・・・・・・上下のガラス基板、６・・・・・
・透明電極、７・・・・・・配向処理を施した有機配向
膜、８・・・・・・強誘電性液晶相、９・・・・・・セ
ル厚を一定に保つためのスペーサー、１０・・・・・・
強誘電性液晶分子、１）・・・・・・自発分極、１２・
・・・・・Ｃダイレクタ−１）３・・・・・・コーン、
１４・・・・・・層、１５・・・・・・層法線、１６・
・・・・・分子の層法線に対する傾き角θ、１７・・・
・・・層法線に対して分子の長軸が十〇傾いた液晶分子
、１８・・・・・・層法線に対して分子の長軸が一〇傾
いた液晶分子、１９・・・・・・紙面表方向を向いてい
る双極子モーメント、２０・・・・・・紙面裏方向を向
いている双極子モーメント、２１・・・・・・２枚の偏
光板の方向。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中尾敏男 ばか１名第１図
０ ５０
ｔｏＯＣＶｔ 十Ｖｕ３ ＷｔＺ θｆｃＶ
ｎｔ） 〔Ｖツノ１〕第２図
（十） Ｐン０ 戸＝Ｆ９ス膚（−） Ｐ＜
０
第３図
第４図
（（Ｌン
（ｂ）ｗｔｚ ｗｔ％
Ｎ めFigure 1 is a phase diagram of a two-component mixed system in Example 1 of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the polarity of spontaneous polarization, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the spontaneous polarization when compounds with the same polarity of spontaneous polarization are mixed. The concentration dependence characteristic diagram of polarization, Figure 4 is the concentration dependence characteristic diagram of spontaneous decentralization when compounds with different polarities are mixed, and the concentration dependence characteristic diagram of spontaneous decentralization, Figure 5
This figure is a block diagram of a ferroelectric liquid crystal cell, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a ferroelectric liquid crystal, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the operating principle of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. 1...Layer normal direction, 2...Molecular long axis direction, 3...Direction of spontaneous polarization, 4...Polarizing plate, 5... ...Top and bottom glass substrates, 6...
・Transparent electrode, 7... Organic alignment film subjected to alignment treatment, 8... Ferroelectric liquid crystal phase, 9... Spacer for keeping cell thickness constant, 10...
Ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules, 1)... Spontaneous polarization, 12.
...C director-1) 3 ... cone,
14... layer, 15... layer normal, 16...
...Inclination angle θ of the molecule with respect to the layer normal, 17...
...Liquid crystal molecules whose long axes are tilted by 10 degrees with respect to the layer normal, 18...Liquid crystal molecules whose long axes of molecules are tilted by 10 degrees with respect to the layer normals, 19... ... Dipole moment facing towards the front of the paper, 20... Dipole moment facing towards the back of the paper, 21... Direction of the two polarizing plates. Name of agent Patent attorney Toshio Nakao Idiot 1 Figure 1 0 50
toOCVt 10Vu3 WtZ θfcV
nt) [V-horn 1] Figure 2 (10) Pn0 door = F9 skin (-) P<
0 Figure 3 Figure 4 ((Ln)
(b) wtz wt% N
Claims (6)
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ体をなさない
液晶化合物とこの化合物とらせんのねじれ方向が逆であ
るような化合物をそれぞれ１種類以上含有する液晶組成
物を用いたことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。(1) In smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) A liquid crystal display device characterized by using a liquid crystal composition containing one or more of a liquid crystal compound in which the chiral moiety does not form a racemate and a compound in which the helical twist direction is opposite to this compound. .
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ体をなさない
液晶化合物と前記化合物とらせんのねじれ方向が逆であ
りかつ自発分極の極性が同一であるような化合物をそれ
ぞれ１種類以上含有する液晶組成物を用いたことを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の液晶表示装置。(2) For smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) A liquid crystal composition containing one or more of a liquid crystal compound in which the chiral moiety does not form a racemate, represented by A liquid crystal display device according to claim (1), characterized in that:
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表される化合物と、一般式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（II） （ただし、式中Ｒ’はアルカノイル基またはアルコキシ
基を示し、またｌ、ｍは１または２の整数でありｎは０
または１の整数を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ
体をなさない液晶化合物をそれぞれ１種類以上含有する
液晶組成物を用いたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
（１）項、または第（２）項記載の液晶表示装置。(3) For smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) There are compounds represented by the general formula ▲ mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. and n is 0
or an integer of 1) in which the chiral moiety does not form a racemic form. The liquid crystal display device according to item (2).
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表される化合物と、一般式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（III） （ただし、式中Ｒ’はアルカノイル基またはアルコキシ
基を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ体をなさない
液晶化合物をそれぞれ１種類以上含有する液晶組成物を
用いたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項、第
（２）項、または第（３）項記載の液晶表示装置。(4) For smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) There are compounds represented by the general formula ▲ mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼... (III) (wherein R' represents an alkanoyl group or an alkoxy group), the chiral moiety represents a racemic compound. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, characterized in that a liquid crystal composition containing at least one type of liquid crystal compound is used.
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表される化合物と、一般式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（IV） （ただし、式中Ｒ’はアルカノイル基またはアルコキシ
基を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ体をなさない
液晶化合物をそれぞれ１種類以上含有する液晶組成物を
用いたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項、第
（２）項、または第（３）項記載の液晶表示装置。(5) For smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) There are compounds represented by the general formula ▲ mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, characterized in that a liquid crystal composition containing at least one type of liquid crystal compound is used.
式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（ I ） （ただし、式中ｌは０または１の整数を、Ｒはアルキル
基を示す）で表される化合物と、一般式 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼……（Ｖ） （ただし、式中Ｒ’はアルカノイル基またはアルコキシ
基を示す）で表されるカイラル部がラセミ体をなさない
液晶化合物をそれぞれ１種類以上含有する液晶組成物を
用いたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項、第
（２）項、または第（３）項記載の液晶表示装置。(6) For smectic liquid crystals that exhibit ferroelectricity, there are general formulas ▲mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼...(I) (However, in the formula, l represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R represents an alkyl group.) There are compounds represented by the general formula ▲ mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, characterized in that a liquid crystal composition containing at least one type of liquid crystal compound is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18222686A JPH0745660B2 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18222686A JPH0745660B2 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6337192A true JPS6337192A (en) | 1988-02-17 |
| JPH0745660B2 JPH0745660B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
Family
ID=16114547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18222686A Expired - Lifetime JPH0745660B2 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0745660B2 (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-08-01 JP JP18222686A patent/JPH0745660B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0745660B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
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