JPS63304096A - Low phosphorus lubricant - Google Patents

Low phosphorus lubricant

Info

Publication number
JPS63304096A
JPS63304096A JP63045692A JP4569288A JPS63304096A JP S63304096 A JPS63304096 A JP S63304096A JP 63045692 A JP63045692 A JP 63045692A JP 4569288 A JP4569288 A JP 4569288A JP S63304096 A JPS63304096 A JP S63304096A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
weight
oil
copper
composition
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63045692A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2505019B2 (en
Inventor
テランス　コルクラフ
ジョン　フレドリック　マーシュ
フレドリック　アリステア　ギブソン
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc
Original Assignee
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of JPS63304096A publication Critical patent/JPS63304096A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2505019B2 publication Critical patent/JP2505019B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
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    • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M129/42—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、潤滑剤組成物、特に低量又は零量の燐を含む
自動車クランク室潤滑剤に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to lubricant compositions, particularly automotive crankcase lubricants containing low or zero amounts of phosphorus.

現在、排出規制のために用いられる接触コンバーター中
で通常使用される触媒に対して燐が与える有害作用のた
めに潤滑剤中の燐の量を減少させようとする傾向がある
。燐の濃度は典型的には０．１％の程度になっているが
、燐濃度を０．０５重量％未渦に下げるか又は燐を全く
除こうという要望が次第に増加している。ジアルキルジ
チオ燐酸亜鉛（ＺＤＤＰ）や他の含燐添加物が抗摩耗及
び（又は）酸化防止剤添加物として広く用いられており
かかる成分を単に減少又は除去しただけではエンジン性
能の悪い潤滑剤になってしまう。There is currently a trend to reduce the amount of phosphorus in lubricants due to the detrimental effect phosphorus has on catalysts commonly used in catalytic converters used for emission control purposes. Although phosphorus concentrations are typically on the order of 0.1%, there is an increasing desire to reduce phosphorus concentrations to 0.05% by weight or to remove phosphorus altogether. Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) and other phosphorus-containing additives are widely used as antiwear and/or antioxidant additives, and simply reducing or eliminating such components can result in lubricants with poor engine performance. It ends up.

本発明は、燐含量が低いか又は零であり、銅、硫黄及び
軸受腐食防止剤を含み、かつすぐれたエンジン性能を有
することが見いだされた潤滑剤組成物及び濃縮物を提供
する。The present invention provides lubricant compositions and concentrates that have low or no phosphorous content, contain copper, sulfur, and bearing corrosion inhibitors, and have been found to have excellent engine performance.

ＵＳ−Ａ−２３５６６６１号は、ジアルキルジチオカル
バミン酸銅のような油溶性有機化合物として５０〜１１
０００ｐｐの銅を含みかつ油中に０．１〜０．５重量％
の全硫黄と共に含燐化合物を含み、硫黄がチオカルバミ
ン酸塩のような油溶性有機硫黄化合物として提供されて
いる潤滑油を取扱っている。No. 2,356,661 discloses that as an oil-soluble organic compound such as copper dialkyldithiocarbamate,
000pp of copper and 0.1-0.5% by weight in oil
We carry lubricating oils that contain phosphorus-containing compounds along with total sulfur, and the sulfur is provided as oil-soluble organic sulfur compounds such as thiocarbamates.

ＵＳ−Ａ−２３４３７５６号は、硫黄化合物と共に含燐
銅錯体を含む銅化合物の潤滑油への添加を記載している
。０．１〜０．５重量％の量の硫黄が記載されており、
０．５重量％を越える量の硫黄は潜在的に有害であると
して記載されている。ＵＳ−Ａ−２５５２５８０号中に
は、チオ燐酸第一銅が比較的高濃度で潤滑剤組成物中に
含まれており、−油中の高いｆｉ？１１度を与えている
。US-A-2343756 describes the addition of copper compounds to lubricating oils, including phosphorous-containing copper complexes together with sulfur compounds. Amounts of sulfur from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight are stated;
Amounts of sulfur in excess of 0.5% by weight are described as potentially harmful. In US-A-2,552,580, cuprous thiophosphate is included in relatively high concentrations in lubricant compositions and - high fi? It gives 11 degrees.

ＵＳ−Ａ−３３４６４９３号では、多種の含金属重合体
アミン−金属反応体を潤滑剤組成物中の洗剤として用い
ている。１つの孤立した実施例中で、特にアシル化窒素
化合物の銅塩、ヘキセンオキシドと反応させたＺＤＤＰ
としてのｆ４０．０７５％、及びトール油酸の硫化メチ
ルエステルを含む潤滑剤が記載されている。他の含ｗ４
潤滑剤はより多量の燐を含むかあるいは硫黄を含まない
。ＵＳ−Ａ−４１２２０３３号は、アミン、セレン化物
、ホスフィン又は亜燐酸塩と共に酸化防止安定剤として
全遷移金属化合物群を記載しており、潤滑剤用添加物と
しての用途を含む種々の用途に用いることができる。前
記参考文献の中で現代の潤滑剤の要求を満たすのに適当
な十分に調合された潤滑油を記載しているものはなく、
抗摩耗、酸化防止及び腐食防止の性能を保ちながら燐濃
度を減少することを特に述べているものはない。In US-A-3,346,493, various metallized polymeric amine-metal reactants are used as detergents in lubricant compositions. In one isolated example, ZDDP reacted with a copper salt of an acylated nitrogen compound, hexene oxide, among others.
f40.075%, and a lubricant containing sulfurized methyl ester of tall oil acid is described. Other inclusions w4
Lubricants contain higher amounts of phosphorus or are sulfur-free. No. 4,122,033 describes a whole group of transition metal compounds as antioxidant stabilizers, together with amines, selenides, phosphines or phosphites, for use in a variety of applications, including as additives for lubricants. be able to. None of the above references describes a well-formulated lubricant suitable to meet modern lubricant requirements;
Nothing specifically mentions reducing phosphorus concentration while maintaining anti-wear, anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion performance.

ＥＰ−Ａ−２４１４６号は、無灰分散剤及び（又は）重
合体粘度指数改良分散剤及びジチオカルバミン酸塩の形
であることができる銅を含む潤滑剤組成物を記載してい
るが、亜鉛及び０．０１〜０．５重量％の燐の存在を必
要とする。チアジアゾールポリスルフィドが随意成分で
ある。EP-A-24146 describes lubricant compositions comprising an ashless dispersant and/or a polymeric viscosity index improving dispersant and copper, which may be in the form of a dithiocarbamate, but containing zinc and Requires the presence of .01-0.5% phosphorus by weight. Thiadiazole polysulfide is an optional ingredient.

ＵＳ−Ａ−４３３０４２０号は、ＺＤＤＰの量の減少を
補償するためにジアルキルジフェニルアミンと硫化ポリ
オレフィンとの混合物を用いて燐含量を減少させた（但
し僅か０．０５％Ｐに）油を記載している。銅又はチア
ジアゾールポリスルフィドの使用の記載はない。US-A-4330420 describes oils with reduced phosphorus content (but only to 0.05% P) using a mixture of dialkyldiphenylamine and sulfurized polyolefin to compensate for the reduced amount of ZDDP. There is. There is no mention of the use of copper or thiadiazole polysulfides.

ＢＰ−Ａ−８９８４４号は、４，４′−メチレンビス（
２，６−ジーｔ−ブチルフェノール）とオルト硼酸トリ
ー５ｅｃ−Ｃ，〜Ｃ＋Ｚアルキルとの反応生成物及びそ
れを潤滑剤中に使用して０．０５〜０．１１重量％Ｐを
与えるようにＺＤＤＰの量を減少することができること
を記載している。BP-A-89844 discloses 4,4'-methylenebis(
2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and tri-5ec-C,~C+Z alkyl orthoborate and its use in lubricants to provide 0.05-0.11 wt% P, ZDDP It states that it is possible to reduce the amount of

ＵＳ−Ａ−４４９０２６５号は、銅塩を含む金属塩の形
であることができる含硼酸複素環式化合物、チアジアゾ
ールポリスルフィド、テレフタル酸及び酸化防止剤とし
て金属が特に銅であることができるビス（ジチオベンジ
ル）金属誘導体又は硫黄架橋ビス障害フェノールを含む
潤滑油を記載している。燐を減少又は除去することが望
ましいことは記載されておらず；潤滑剤の全実施例は０
．０５重量％のＰを含んでいる。ＵＳ−Ａ−４６２３４
７４号も同様な記載をしている。No. 4,490,265 discloses boric acid heterocyclic compounds which can be in the form of metal salts including copper salts, thiadiazole polysulfides, terephthalic acid and bis(dithio) where the metal can be especially copper as an antioxidant. Lubricating oils containing benzyl) metal derivatives or sulfur-bridged bis-hindered phenols are described. No mention is made of the desirability of reducing or eliminating phosphorus; all lubricant examples are 0.
．． Contains 0.5% by weight of P. US-A-46234
No. 74 also makes a similar statement.

ＵＳ−Ａ−４６２７９３０号も銅塩の形であることがで
きかつ硫化されることができる含硼素複素環式化合物を
記載している。チアジアゾールポリスルフィド及びカル
ボン酸銅も記載されている。No. 4,627,930 also describes boron-containing heterocyclic compounds which can be in the form of copper salts and which can be sulphurized. Thiadiazole polysulfides and copper carboxylates have also been described.

含硼素複素環式化合物は無燐として記載されているが、
燐含量が０．０５重量％未満の十分に処方された油の記
載は無イ、　ＵＳ−Ａ−４６２９５８０号も同様な記載
を含んでいる。ＵＳ−Ａ−４６２９５７９号は極圧、抗
摩耗及び摩擦減少用の潤滑油用添加物として使用するた
めの硼素及び金属硼素誘導体、及びＺＤＤＰを含まない
添加物を含む組成物を記載しているが、燐含量が低いが
零で、硫黄及び銅を有する組成物の記載は無い。Boron-containing heterocyclic compounds are described as phosphorus-free, but
There is no mention of fully formulated oils with a phosphorus content of less than 0.05% by weight; US Pat. No. 4,629,580 contains a similar statement. Although US-A-4629579 describes compositions containing boron and metallic boron derivatives and ZDDP-free additives for use as extreme pressure, anti-wear and friction-reducing lubricating oil additives. , there is no mention of compositions with low or zero phosphorus content and sulfur and copper.

燐含量が低いか又は零であるが銅を含まない潤滑剤組成
物はＷＯ−Ａ−８６０４６０１号、ＷＯ−Ａ−８６０４
６０２号、ＷＯ−Ａ−８６０６０９２号に記載されてい
る。Copper-free lubricant compositions with low or zero phosphorus content are disclosed in WO-A-8604601, WO-A-8604.
No. 602, WO-A-8606092.

本発明は、燐含量が低いか零で、大量及び（又は）高価
な形の酸化防止剤を必要とせずに現代油の要求に適した
抗摩耗、腐食防止及び酸化防止剤を有する潤滑剤を提供
せんとするものである。The present invention provides lubricants with low or no phosphorus content and with anti-wear, anti-corrosion and anti-oxidant properties suitable for modern oil requirements without the need for large amounts and/or expensive forms of antioxidants. This is what we intend to provide.

自動車クランク室潤滑剤に関して本明細書中で用いる“
現代油（耽ｄｅｒｎ　ｏｉｌ）　　”とは主要工業国に
於けるクランク室潤滑剤に対する現代の要求に適合し得
る油を意味する。高性能エンジン、油交換間の期間が長
くなることからもたらされる寿命増加要求ならびに高い
作動温度は、すべて潤滑剤からの所要性能向上に貢献す
る。本発明は、特に、サービスステーション油のための
５ＦＡＰＩエンジンサービスカテゴリーの要求及び（又
は）ＡＰｌ、ＳＡＥ、ＡＳＴＭが共同で樹立したコマー
シャルオイル／ディーゼルエンジン（Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉ
ａｌＯｉｌ／Ｄｉｅｓｅｌ　Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｓ）のための
ＣＤＡＰ　Ｉエンジンサービスカテゴリーの要求に適合
及び凌駕することができる自動車クランク室潤滑剤に関
する。As used herein with respect to automotive crankcase lubricants, “
``Modern oil'' means an oil that can meet the modern requirements for crankcase lubricants in major industrialized countries; high performance engines, longevity resulting from longer periods between oil changes; Increased demands as well as higher operating temperatures all contribute to improved performance requirements from lubricants. Established commercial oil/diesel engine (Commerci)
The present invention relates to an automotive crankcase lubricant that can meet and exceed the requirements of the CDAP I engine service category for AlOil/Diesel Engines).

本発明は、１つの面に於て、組成物が好ましくは０．５
重量％を越えて２．０重量％までの全硫黄、より好まし
くは０．５〜１．０重量％の全硫黄と有効量の軸受腐食
防止剤とを含むように、大部分量の潤滑油と油溶性の形
で存在する添加銅５〜５００重量ｐｐｍと１種以上の添
加油溶性含硫化合物とを含み、かつ組成物が０．０１重
量％未満の燐を含み、好ましくは実質的に無燐である潤
滑剤組成物を提供する。In one aspect, the invention provides that the composition preferably has a
A major amount of the lubricating oil so as to include greater than 2.0 wt.% total sulfur, more preferably 0.5 to 1.0 wt.% total sulfur, and an effective amount of a bearing corrosion inhibitor. and 5 to 500 ppm by weight of added copper present in oil-soluble form and one or more added oil-soluble sulfur-containing compounds, and the composition contains less than 0.01% by weight of phosphorus, preferably substantially A lubricant composition that is phosphorus-free is provided.

本発明の特に好ましい実施態様に於て、潤滑剤組成物は
１種以上の無灰分散剤及び（又は）１種以上の粘度指数
改良分散剤及び（又は）過塩基カルシウム又はマグネシ
ウムスルホン酸塩又はフェノキシドのような、制酸剤及
び防銹剤として働く１種以上の過塩基添加物をも含む。In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition comprises one or more ashless dispersants and/or one or more viscosity index improving dispersants and/or an overbased calcium or magnesium sulfonate or phenoxide. It also includes one or more overbased additives that act as antacids and rust inhibitors, such as.

本発明に於ける銅の使用は、現代油の要求を満たす性能
を有しかつ自動車エンジン中で摩耗又は腐食によって油
中に蓄積される金属によって触媒され、鉄が特別な酸化
触媒となる酸化の良好な抑制を有する低燐油を経済的に
得ることを可能にする。銅濃度が過度に低いと、ある用
途では酸化防止剤効果が十分でない場合があり得る。過
度に高濃度では、油の灰分濃度が増加し、軸受腐食の増
加傾向が見られることがある。組成物中の銅の添加量は
一般にｌＯ〜４００ｐｐｍ、典型的には１０〜３００ｐ
ｐｍ、好ましくはｌＯ〜２００ｐｐｍ、例えば６０〜２
００ρｐ−の範囲内である。The use of copper in the present invention has a performance that meets the requirements of modern oils and is suitable for oxidation that is catalyzed by metals that accumulate in oil due to wear or corrosion in automobile engines, with iron being a special oxidation catalyst. It makes it possible to economically obtain low phosphorus oils with good inhibition. If the copper concentration is too low, the antioxidant effect may not be sufficient for some applications. At excessively high concentrations, the ash concentration of the oil may increase and there may be an increased tendency for bearing corrosion. The amount of copper added in the composition is generally from lO to 400 ppm, typically from 10 to 300 ppm.
pm, preferably lO to 200 ppm, e.g. 60-2
It is within the range of 00ρp-.

低い量の銅化合物及び非常に低い量か又は雲量の燐を含
む本発明の組成物の、現代エンジン試験のきびしい要求
に対する十分な酸化防止及び抗摩耗性能を与える能力は
驚異的である。銅は多くの場合に酸化促進剤又は触媒と
して作用することが知れられおり、コバルトやクロムの
ような密接に関連する金属は有効な潤滑油酸化防止剤で
はない。The ability of the compositions of the present invention, containing low amounts of copper compounds and very low or cloudy amounts of phosphorous, to provide sufficient antioxidant and antiwear performance for the demanding demands of modern engine testing is surprising. Copper is known to often act as a pro-oxidant or catalyst, and closely related metals such as cobalt and chromium are not effective lubricant antioxidants.

ＥＰ−Ａ−２４１４６号は燐及び亜鉛のおのおのの少な
くとも０．０１ｉ量％の存在を教示している。EP-A-24146 teaches the presence of at least 0.01 i% by weight of each of phosphorus and zinc.

亜鉛及び固有のブローオキシダン）　（ｐｒｏ−ｏｘｉ
−ｄａｎ　ｔ）活性を有するカルシウム又はマグネシウ
ム過塩基添加物のような他の金属化合物を含むこと−が
できる組成物中に於て銅が有効に働くということも驚く
べきことである。Zinc and Pro-Oxidan
It is also surprising that copper works effectively in compositions that can include other metal compounds such as active calcium or magnesium overbased additives.

本発明に於て酸化防止剤として用いられる銅化合物は、
銅化合物が実質的に無燐であるという条件で、潤滑剤用
に適しているとしてＥＰ−Ａ−２４１４６号に記載され
ている銅化合物から選ぶことができる。The copper compound used as an antioxidant in the present invention is
It is possible to choose from the copper compounds described in EP-A-24146 as being suitable for lubricant applications, provided that the copper compounds are substantially phosphorous-free.

かくして、銅は、合成又は天然のカルボン酸の油溶性銅
塩として油中へ混合することができる。Thus, copper can be incorporated into the oil as an oil-soluble copper salt of a synthetic or natural carboxylic acid.

適当なカルボン酸の例には、ステアリン酸又はパルミチ
ン酸のようなＣ１゜〜Ｃ１ｌ＋脂肪酸、オレイン酸のよ
うな不飽和酸、分子ｉ！２００〜５００のナフテン酸の
ような分枝カルボン酸、ネオデカン酸又は２−エチルヘ
キサン酸及びポリアルケン置換コハク酸、例えばオクタ
デセニルコハク酸、ドデセニルコハク酸、ポリイソブテ
ニルコハク酸のようなアルキル又はアルケニル置換ジカ
ルボン酸が含まれる。Examples of suitable carboxylic acids include C1° to C11+ fatty acids such as stearic acid or palmitic acid, unsaturated acids such as oleic acid, molecules i! 200 to 500 branched carboxylic acids such as naphthenic acid, neodecanoic acid or 2-ethylhexanoic acid and polyalkene-substituted succinic acids, such as alkyl or Includes alkenyl-substituted dicarboxylic acids.

銅は、一般式（ＲＲ’　ＮＣ３５）、Ｃｕ　、（上記一
般式中、ｎは１又は２であり、Ｒ及びＲ′はアルキル、
アルケニル、アリール、アルアルキル、アルクアリール
、シクロアルキル基のような、１〜１８個、好ましくは
２〜１２個の炭素原子を含む同じ又は異なるヒドロカル
ビル基である）の油溶性ジチオカルバミン酸銅として油
中へ混合することができる。銅のメルカプチド、ジスル
フィド、チオキサントゲン酸塩のような他の銅と硫黄と
を含む化合物は本発明に用いるのに適している。スルホ
ン酸銅、銅フェノキシド、アセチルアセトン鋼も用いる
ことができる。Copper has the general formula (RR' NC35), Cu (in the above general formula, n is 1 or 2, R and R' are alkyl,
in oil as an oil-soluble copper dithiocarbamate of the same or different hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 18, preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alquaryl, cycloalkyl groups. Can be mixed into. Other copper and sulfur-containing compounds are suitable for use in the present invention, such as copper mercaptides, disulfides, and thioxanthates. Copper sulfonate, copper phenoxide, and acetylacetone steels can also be used.

別法では、最終潤滑剤組成物中に於て銅が油溶性化合物
の形になるという条件で、銅を油不溶性の形で油中に導
入することができる。“添加銅”という用語は、使用中
、例えば含銅成分の摩耗又は腐食によって、油中に銅が
蓄積される結果として油中に存在する銅を含まないもの
とする。Alternatively, copper can be introduced into the oil in an oil-insoluble form, provided that the copper is in the form of an oil-soluble compound in the final lubricant composition. The term "added copper" shall not include copper that is present in the oil as a result of copper buildup in the oil during use, eg, due to wear or corrosion of copper-containing components.

本発明の潤滑剤組成物は添加油溶性硫黄化合物を含む、
かかる硫黄化合物の１つの好ましい種類は好ましくは式
（ＲＲ’　ＮＣ３５）、Ｍ　（上記式中、Ｒ，Ｒ′、ｎ
は前に定義した通りであり、Ｍは亜鉛、モリブデン又は
（上で示したように）銅のような適当な金属又は随意に
置換されたヒドロカルビル基である〕のジチオカルバメ
ート１１である。The lubricant composition of the present invention includes an added oil-soluble sulfur compound.
One preferred class of such sulfur compounds preferably has the formula (RR' NC35), M (wherein R, R', n
is as previously defined and M is a suitable metal such as zinc, molybdenum or (as indicated above) copper or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group.

好ましいジチオカルバメートは、好ましくはシアミルジ
チオカルバメートのような２〜１２個の炭素原子を含む
ジアルキルジチオカルバメートである。特に好ましい化
合物はシアミルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛である。Preferred dithiocarbamates are dialkyldithiocarbamates preferably containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as cyamyldithiocarbamate. A particularly preferred compound is zinc cyamyldithiocarbamate.

硫黄は、メルカプチド、特に脂肪族メルカプタンのメル
カプチド（上で示したように銅メルカプチドを含む）、
硫化オレフィンを含む硫化不飽和有機化合物（例えばＵ
Ｓ−Ａ−４１１９５４９号、ＵＳ−Ａ−４１１９５５０
号、Ｕ　Ｓ　−Ａ　−４１９１６５９号、ＵＳ−Ａ−４
１４７６４０号）、硫化ディールズ・アルダ−付加物（
例えばＵ　Ｓ　−Ａ　−３６３２５６６号、ＵＳ−Ａ−
３４９８９１５号、ＵＳ−Ｅ−２７３３１号）及び特に
抹香鯨油代替物、例えば抹香鯨油のような硫化不飽和ア
ルコール及びエステルを含む硫化不飽和有機化合物、ジ
スルフィド及びポリスルフィドを含むスルフィド、チオ
エステル、チオフェノール、チオキサントゲン酸塩（上
で示したようにチオキサントゲン酸銅を含む）、硫化エ
ステノペチオアミド、ベンゾチアゾール、特にメルカプ
トベンゾチアゾールのようなチアゾール、及びチアジア
ゾールとして導入することもできる。Sulfur is a mercaptide, especially the mercaptides of aliphatic mercaptans (including copper mercaptides as indicated above),
Sulfurized unsaturated organic compounds containing sulfurized olefins (e.g. U
No. S-A-4119549, US-A-4119550
No., US-A-4191659, US-A-4
147640), sulfurized Diels-Alder adduct (
For example, US-A-3632566, US-A-
No. 3,498,915, US-E-27,331) and in particular sulfurized unsaturated organic compounds including sulfurized unsaturated alcohols and esters, sulfides including disulfides and polysulfides, thioesters, thiophenols, thioesters, etc. It can also be introduced as xanthates (including copper thioxanthates as indicated above), sulfurized estenopethiamides, thiazoles such as benzothiazoles, especially mercaptobenzothiazole, and thiadiazoles.

鉱物性潤滑油は硫黄を含むが、合成油は無硫黄であるこ
とがあるので、含硫化合物として添加される硫黄の量は
ベースストック（ｂａｓｅｓｔｏｃｋ）及び潤滑剤組成
物中の他の成分の硫黄含量によって異なり、より好まし
くは０．５〜１．０重量％の全硫黄の硫黄含量を与える
ような量である。Mineral lubricating oils contain sulfur, while synthetic oils may be sulfur-free, so the amount of sulfur added as a sulfur-containing compound will depend on the sulfur in the basestock and other components in the lubricant composition. The amount varies depending on the content and is more preferably such as to give a sulfur content of 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of total sulfur.

本発明の潤滑剤組成物は有利には０．５〜０．７重量％
の全Ｓを含み、最も好ましくは添加油溶性硫黄合物とし
て０．１〜０．５重量％のＳを含む。本発明の潤滑剤組
成物は好ましくは０．０１〜０．５重量％のＺｎ　、よ
り好ましくは０．０５〜０．２重量％のＺｎをも含む。The lubricant compositions of the invention advantageously contain from 0.5 to 0.7% by weight.
of total S, most preferably 0.1 to 0.5 wt% S as added oil-soluble sulfur compound. The lubricant composition of the present invention preferably also contains 0.01-0.5% by weight Zn, more preferably 0.05-0.2% by weight Zn.

特に好ましい面に於て、本発明の組成物は０．５〜３重
量％のジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛を含む。In a particularly preferred aspect, the compositions of the invention contain 0.5 to 3% by weight zinc dithiocarbamate.

軸受腐食防止剤は、銅汚染（ｃｏｐｐｅｒ　ｓｔａｉｎ
ｉｎｇ）及び高い重量損失のような作用が起こり得るＣ
ｕ／ｐｂ軸受のような軸受の腐食作用の防止に有効な腐
食防止剤である。かかる添加物は油の抗摩耗性能を促進
することが発見された。好ましい軸受腐食防止剤はＢ　
（ＯＲ）　３、（ＲＯ）２Ｂ−０−Ｂ（ＯＲ）２　、（
ＲＯＢＯ）３、（ＲＯ）　２８ＯＲ’　ＯＢ　（ＯＲ）
　２及び混合物（上記式中、Ｒは置換又は未置換のアル
キル、アリール又はアルアルキル基であるかあるいは２
個のＲ基が置換又は未置換のアルキレン基を形成し、Ｒ
１は置換又は未置換のアルキレン基である）のような硼
酸エステルであり、これらの物質は、例えばアルコキシ
アルカノール（ＵＳ−Ａ−４４４０６５６号に記載され
ているような短鎖アルカノール及び長鎖アルコールの両
方）のようなアルコール：モノ−、ジー及びトリヒドロ
キシアルカノール、例えば２−エチルヘキサノール、２
−エチルヘキサン−１゜３−ジオーノペブタンー１，２
−ジオール、ブタン−１，３−ジオーノペグリセリン及
びＵＳ−Ａ−２８６６８１１号の非環式ポリオール；モ
ノオレイン酸グリセリルのようなヒドロキシエステル；
例えばオレイン酸とトリス（ヒドロキシメチル）−アミ
ノメタンとから誘導されるオキサゾリン；エポキシドと
メルカプタン、例えばｔ−ドデシル−メルカプトエタノ
ールとの反応によって得られ得るような含硫アルコール
；アルカノールアミン、例えばトリエタノールアミン及
びトリイソプロパツールアミンのようなアミノアルコー
ル、第一アミン（例えばオレイルアミン）又は第二アミ
ンとエチレンオキシド又はプロピレンオキシドとの反応
によって作られるヒドロキシアミン及びＵＳ−Ａ−４４
０６８０２号の化合物から誘導される。Bearing corrosion inhibitors can prevent copper stain.
ing) and high weight loss can occur.
It is an effective corrosion inhibitor for preventing corrosive effects on bearings such as U/PB bearings. It has been discovered that such additives promote the anti-wear performance of the oil. The preferred bearing corrosion inhibitor is B
(OR) 3, (RO)2B-0-B(OR)2, (
ROBO) 3, (RO) 28OR' OB (OR)
2 and mixtures (in the above formula, R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, or
R groups form a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, R
1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group); these substances are e.g. alcohols such as mono-, di- and trihydroxyalkanols, such as 2-ethylhexanol, 2-ethylhexanol,
-Ethylhexane-1゜3-dionopebutane-1,2
- diols, butane-1,3-dionopeglycerin and acyclic polyols of US-A-2866811; hydroxy esters such as glyceryl monooleate;
Oxazolines derived, for example, from oleic acid and tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane; sulfur-containing alcohols, such as those obtainable by reaction of epoxides with mercaptans, such as t-dodecyl-mercaptoethanol; alkanolamines, such as triethanolamine. and hydroxyamines made by the reaction of amino alcohols, primary amines (e.g. oleylamine) or secondary amines with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, such as triisopropaturamine and US-A-44.
It is derived from the compound No. 06802.

好ましいアルコールは２−メチルペンタン−１゜３−ジ
オール、ブタン−１，２−ジオール、ブタン−１，３−
ジオール及び同様な１．２−及びｌ。Preferred alcohols are 2-methylpentane-1゜3-diol, butane-1,2-diol, butane-1,3-diol.
Diols and similar 1.2- and l.

３−ジオール、ならびにエトキシエタノールである。3-diol, and ethoxyethanol.

１つの好ましい面に於て、本発明は０．０１〜１（ｌｉ
ｔ％、好ましくは０．１〜５重量％の硼酸エステル、特
にアルコキシアルカノール又はポリエーテルアルカノー
ルのエステル、例えばトリス（エトキシエチル）オルト
硼酸エステル又はメタ′硼酸エステル、あるいはブタン
−１，３−ジオール゛のようなジオールの二硼酸エステ
ルを含む。In one preferred aspect, the present invention provides 0.01 to 1 (li
t%, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight of boric acid esters, especially esters of alkoxyalkanols or polyether alkanols, such as tris(ethoxyethyl)orthoborate or meta'borate, or butane-1,3-diol. Contains diboric acid esters of diols such as.

１つの別法として、軸受腐食防止剤はチアジアゾールメ
ルカプタン、特に５〜５０個の炭素原子を含むチアジア
ゾールスルフィド、その誘導体又は重合体である。好ま
しい物質はＵＳ−Ａ−２７１９１２５号、２７１９１２
６号、３０８７９３２号に記載されているような１，３
．４−チアジアゾールポリスルフィドである。特に好ま
しいものはアモコ（Ａｗｏｃｏ　）　１５０として市販
されている化合物２，５−ビス（ｔ−オクタジチオ）−
１゜３．４−チアジアゾール又はアモコ（Ａ！ｌｌ０ｃ
ｏ　）１５８として市販されている２、５−ビス（ノニ
ルジチオ）−１，３，４−チアジアゾールである。In one alternative, the bearing corrosion inhibitor is a thiadiazole mercaptan, particularly a thiadiazole sulfide containing 5 to 50 carbon atoms, derivatives or polymers thereof. Preferred materials are US-A-2719125, 271912
1,3 as described in No. 6, No. 3087932.
．． 4-thiadiazole polysulfide. Particularly preferred is the compound 2,5-bis(t-octadithio)-, commercially available as Awoco 150.
1゜3.4-Thiadiazole or Amoco (A!ll0c
o) 2,5-bis(nonyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole, commercially available as 158.

同じく適当である他の同様な物質はＵＳ−Ａ−３８２１
２３６号、３９０４５３７号、４０９７３８７号、４１
０７０５９号、４１３６０４３号、４１８８２９９号、
４１９３８８２号中に記載されている。Other similar materials that are also suitable are US-A-3821
No. 236, No. 3904537, No. 4097387, 41
No. 07059, No. 4136043, No. 4188299,
No. 4193882.

ハロゲン化カルボン酸とのエステル、縮合生成物、アル
デヒド及びアミン、アルコール又はメルカプタン、アミ
ン塩、ジチオカルバミン酸塩との反応生成物、無灰分散
剤との反応生成物（例えばＵＳ−Ａ−４１４０６４３号
、ＵＳ−Ａ−４１３６０４３号）及びハロゲン化硫黄及
びオレフィンとの反応生成物のようなチアジアゾールメ
ルカプタンの誘導体を使用することができる。Esters, condensation products, aldehydes and amines, alcohols or mercaptans, amine salts, reaction products with dithiocarbamates, reaction products with ashless dispersants (e.g. US-A-4140643, US Pat. -A-4136043) and their reaction products with sulfur halides and olefins can be used.

これらの物質は、好ましくは潤滑剤組成物の０．０１〜
１０重量％、より好ましくは０．１〜５．０重量％の量
で存在する。These substances preferably account for between 0.01 and 0.01 of the lubricant composition.
It is present in an amount of 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1-5.0% by weight.

本発明の潤滑剤組成物は０．０１重量％未満、好ましく
は０．００５重量％未満の少量の燐を含むことができる
が、より好ましくは潤滑剤組成物は実質的に燐を含まな
い。The lubricant compositions of the present invention may contain small amounts of phosphorus, less than 0.01% by weight, preferably less than 0.005% by weight, but more preferably the lubricant compositions are substantially free of phosphorus.

１つの好ましい面に於て、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、さ
らに （八）好ましくは （ｉ）長鎖炭化水素置換モノ及びジカルボン酸又はその
無水物の油溶性塩、アミド、イミド、オキサゾリン及び
エステル又はそれらの混合物、 （ｉｉ）ポリアミンがそれに直接結合している長鎖脂肪
族炭化水素、及び （ｉｉｉ）１モル比率の長鎖炭化水素置換フェノールを
１〜２．５モルのホルムアルデヒド及び０、５〜２モル
のポリアルキレンポリアミンと縮合させることによって
製造されるマンニッヒ縮合生成物であって、該長鎖炭化
水素基がＣ！　”　Ｃｓモノオレフィンの重合体であり
かつ該重合体が７００〜５００００分子量を有するマン
ニッヒ縮合生成物 から選ばれる無灰窒素又はエステル含有分散剤化合物で
ある無灰分散剤化合物１〜１０重量％及び（又は） ＣＢ）　（ａ）　　ビニルアルコールの０４〜Ｃ！４不
飽和エステル又はＣ１〜Ｃ１０不飽和モノ−又はジカル
ボン酸と、０４〜Ｃ２゜の不飽和窒素含有単量体との重
合体、 （ｂ）　　アミン、ヒドロキシアミン又はアルコールで
中和された不飽和Ｃ１〜Ｃ１１ｌモノ−又はジ−カルボ
ン酸とＣ！〜Ｃ！。オレフィンとの重合体、及び （Ｃ１その上に０４〜Ｃ！。不飽和含窒素単量体をグラ
フトさせるか又は重合体バックボーン上へ不飽和酸をグ
ラフトさせた後該カルボン酸基をアミン、ヒドロキシア
ミン又はアルコールと反応させることによってさらに反
応させたＣ１〜ＣｔＯオレフインとの重合体 を含むことができる窒素又はエステル含有重合体粘度指
数改良分散剤０．３〜１０重量％を含む。In one preferred aspect, the lubricant compositions of the present invention further comprise (8) preferably (i) oil-soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines, and preferably (i) long-chain hydrocarbon-substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof; ester or mixture thereof, (ii) a long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon to which a polyamine is directly attached, and (iii) a 1 molar proportion of a long chain hydrocarbon substituted phenol with 1 to 2.5 moles of formaldehyde and 0, A Mannich condensation product prepared by condensation with 5 to 2 moles of polyalkylene polyamine, wherein the long chain hydrocarbon groups are C! 1 to 10% by weight of an ashless dispersant compound selected from Mannich condensation products which are polymers of Cs monoolefins and in which the polymer has a molecular weight of 700 to 50,000 and (or ) CB) (a) Polymers of 04-C!4 unsaturated esters of vinyl alcohol or C1-C10 unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids and 04-C2° unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers, (b) Polymers of unsaturated C1-C11 mono- or di-carboxylic acids neutralized with amines, hydroxyamines or alcohols and C!-C!. olefins, and (C1 thereon 04-C!. Polymers with C1-CtO olefins further reacted by grafting nitrogen monomers or by grafting unsaturated acids onto the polymer backbone and reacting the carboxylic acid groups with amines, hydroxyamines or alcohols. The nitrogen- or ester-containing polymeric viscosity index-improving dispersant may contain from 0.3 to 10% by weight.

窒素含有分散剤添加物は、例えばＵＳ−Ａ−３２７５５
５４号、ＵＳ−Ａ−３５６５８０４号、ＵＳ−Ａ−３４
４２８０８号、ＵＳ−Ａ−３４４２８０８号、ＧＢ−Ａ
−９８３０４０号又はＢＥ−Ａ−６５８２３６号中に示
されているようなりランク室モーター油用のスラッジ分
散剤として技術上公知の添加物である。Nitrogen-containing dispersant additives are available, for example in US-A-32755.
No. 54, US-A-3565804, US-A-34
No. 42808, US-A-3442808, GB-A
-983040 or BE-A-658236, which are additives known in the art as sludge dispersants for rank compartment motor oils.

最も普通に用いられる分散剤は、アルケニルコハク酸無
水物、例えばポリイソブテニルコハク酸無水物とＵＳ−
Ａ−３２０２６７８号、３１５４５６０号、３１７２８
９２号、３０２４１９５号、３０２４２３７号、３２１
９６６６号、３２１６９３６号、ＢＥ−Ａ−６６２８７
５号に記載されているアミンとの反応によって製造され
る分散剤である。The most commonly used dispersants are alkenylsuccinic anhydrides, such as polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride and US-
A-3202678, 3154560, 31728
No. 92, No. 3024195, No. 3024237, 321
No. 9666, No. 3216936, BE-A-66287
It is a dispersant produced by reaction with an amine described in No. 5.

別法では、無灰分散剤は、長鎖炭化水素置換カルボン酸
から及び例えばＵＳ−Ａ−３５２２１７９号で製造され
るような、１価及び多価アルコールまたはフェノール、
ナフトールのような芳香族化合物のようなヒドロキシ化
合物から誘導されるエステルであることができる。Alternatively, the ashless dispersants are monohydric and polyhydric alcohols or phenols, such as those made from long-chain hydrocarbon-substituted carboxylic acids and, for example, in US-A-3,522,179.
It can be an ester derived from a hydroxy compound such as an aromatic compound such as naphthol.

上記長鎖炭化水素置換カルボン酸のいずれかと反応させ
て分散剤を製造することができるヒドロキシアミンには
、２−アミノ−１〜ブタノール、２−アミノ−２−メチ
ル−１〜プロパツール、ｐ−（β−ヒドロキシエチル）
−アニリン、２−アミノ−１〜プロパツール、３−アミ
ノ−１〜プロパツール、２−アミノ−２−メチル−１，
３−プロパンジオール、２−アミノ−２−エチル−１゜
３−プロパンジオール、Ｎ−（β−ヒドロキシプロピル
）−Ｎ’−（β−アミノエチル）ピペラジン、トリス（
ヒドロキシメチル）アミノメタン（トリスメチロールア
ミノメタンとしても知られている）、２−アミノ−１〜
ブタノール、エタノールアミン、β−（β−ヒドロキシ
エトキシ）エチルアミンなどが含まれる。これら又は同
様なアミンの混合物も使用することができる。Hydroxyamines that can be reacted with any of the long chain hydrocarbon-substituted carboxylic acids mentioned above to produce a dispersant include 2-amino-1-butanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, p- (β-hydroxyethyl)
-aniline, 2-amino-1~propatur, 3-amino-1~propatur, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,
3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1゜3-propanediol, N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-N'-(β-aminoethyl)piperazine, Tris(
hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (also known as trismethylolaminomethane), 2-amino-1~
These include butanol, ethanolamine, β-(β-hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, and the like. Mixtures of these or similar amines can also be used.

好ましい分散剤はポリイソブテニルコハク酸無水物及び
ポリエチレンアミン、例えばテトラエチレンペンタミン
、ポリオキシエチレン及びポリオキシプロピレンアミン
、例えばポリオキシプロピレンジアミン、トリメチロー
ルアミノメタン及びペンタエリドリフトから誘導される
分散剤、及びこれらの組み合わせである。１つの特に好
ましい分散剤組み合わせには、（Ａ）ポリイソブテニル
コハク酸無水物と（Ｂ）ヒドロキシ化合物、例えばペン
タエリドリフト、（Ｃ）ポリオキシアルキレンポリアミ
ン、例えばポリオキシプロピレンジアミン、及び（Ｄ）
ポリアルキレンポリアミン、例えばポリエチレンジアミ
ン及びテトラエチレンペンタミンとの組み合わせであっ
て、ＵＳ−Ａ−３８９４７６３号に記載されているよう
に（Ａ）の１当量につき約０．０１〜約４当量の（Ｂ）
及び（Ｃ）及び約０．０１〜約２当量の（Ｃ）を用いる
組み合わせが含まれる。もう１つの好ましい分散剤組み
合わせには、ＵＳ−Ａ−３６３２５１１号に記載されて
いるような（Ａ）ポリイソブテニルコハク酸無水物と（
Ｂ）ポリアルキレンポリアミン、例えばテトラエチレン
ペンタミン、及び（Ｃ）多価アルコール又はポリヒドロ
キシ置換脂肪族第一アミン、例えばペンタエリドリフト
又はトリスメチロールアミノメタンとの組み合わせが含
まれる。Preferred dispersants are those derived from polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride and polyethylene amines such as tetraethylenepentamine, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene amines such as polyoxypropylene diamine, trimethylolaminomethane and pentaerydrift. agents, and combinations thereof. One particularly preferred dispersant combination includes (A) polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride and (B) a hydroxy compound such as pentaerydrift, (C) a polyoxyalkylene polyamine such as polyoxypropylene diamine, and (D )
A combination of polyalkylene polyamines, such as polyethylene diamine and tetraethylene pentamine, containing from about 0.01 to about 4 equivalents of (B) per equivalent of (A), as described in US-A-3,894,763. )
and (C) and combinations using about 0.01 to about 2 equivalents of (C). Another preferred dispersant combination includes (A) polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride and (
B) polyalkylene polyamines, such as tetraethylenepentamine, and (C) combinations with polyhydric alcohols or polyhydroxy-substituted aliphatic primary amines, such as pentaerydrift or trismethylolaminomethane.

アルケニルスクシニックポリアミン型分散剤は、ＵＳ−
Ａ−３０８７９３６号及び３２５４０２５号中に一般的
に記載されているように、アシル化窒素化合物１モルに
つき０．１〜ｌＯ原子比率の硼素を与える量の酸化硼素
、ハロゲン化硼素、硼素酸及び硼素酸エステルのような
硼素化合物でさらに変性させることができる。Ｕ　Ｓ　
−Ａ　−４１１３６３９号中に記載されているもののよ
うな分散剤の混合物も使用することができる。Alkenyl succinic polyamine type dispersants are US-
A-3087936 and 3254025, boron oxides, boron halides, boric acids and boron in amounts to provide an atomic ratio of boron of 0.1 to 1 O per mole of acylated nitrogen compound. Further modifications can be made with boron compounds such as acid esters. U.S.
Mixtures of dispersants such as those described in No. 4113639-A-4113639 can also be used.

油は１〜１０重量％、より好ましくは２．０〜７．０重
量％のこれらの分散剤を含むことができる。The oil may contain 1 to 10% by weight of these dispersants, more preferably 2.0 to 7.0% by weight.

分散性（ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓａｎｃｙ　）は重合体粘度指数
改良分散剤、例えばメタクリル酸アルキルとＮ−ビニル
ピロリドン又はメタクリル酸ジメチルアミノアルキルと
の共重合体、フマル酸アルキル−酢酸ビニルＮ−ビニル
ピロリドン共重合体、ＵＳ−Ａ−４１４９９８４号記載
のようなエチレン−プロピレンと無水マレイン酸のよう
な活性単量体との後グラフト化インターポリマー（これ
をさらにアルコール又はアルキレンポリアミンと反応さ
せることができる）：あるいはアルコール／アミンと後
反応させたスチレン／無水マレイン酸重合体、ＵＳ−Ａ
−３７０２３００号記載のようなアクリレート重合体の
エトキシル化誘導体０．３〜１０％によって与えられる
。Dispersancy is determined by polymer viscosity index improving dispersants such as copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and N-vinylpyrrolidone or dimethylaminoalkyl methacrylates, alkyl fumarate-vinyl acetate N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, US - Post-grafted interpolymers of ethylene-propylene and active monomers such as maleic anhydride, as described in No. A-4149984, which can be further reacted with alcohols or alkylene polyamines: or alcohols/amines. Styrene/maleic anhydride polymer post-reacted with US-A
-3702300 by 0.3 to 10% of ethoxylated derivatives of acrylate polymers.

潤滑剤組成物中には、マグネシウム及び（又は）カルシ
ウム含有添加物が、単独で、あるいはナトリウムを含む
添加物のような他のアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属
添加物と組み合わせてしばしば含まれる。これらは、例
えば、スルホン酸、アルキルフェノール、硫化アルキル
フェノール、アルキルサリチル酸、ナフテン酸、及び他
の油溶性上ノー及びジ−カルボン酸の金属塩として存在
することができる。Magnesium and/or calcium-containing additives are often included in lubricant compositions, either alone or in combination with other alkali metal or alkaline earth metal additives, such as sodium-containing additives. These can be present as metal salts of, for example, sulfonic acids, alkylphenols, sulfurized alkylphenols, alkylsalicylic acids, naphthenic acids, and other oil-soluble super- and di-carboxylic acids.

高度塩基性アルカリ土類金属アルクアリールスルホン酸
塩は、例えばＵＳ−Ａ−３１５００８８号及び３１５０
０８９号中で一般に公知である。Highly basic alkaline earth metal alkarylsulfonates are described, for example, in US-A-3150088 and US-3150
No. 089 is generally known.

本発明の目的には、好ましいアルカリ土類スルホン酸塩
は全アルカリ価（ＴＢＮ、　　ＡＳＴＭ　Ｄ２８９６の
方法で測定した）が３００〜４００の範囲のマグネシウ
ム又はカルシウムアルキル芳香族スルホン酸塩である。For purposes of this invention, preferred alkaline earth sulfonates are magnesium or calcium alkyl aromatic sulfonates having a total alkalinity number (TBN, measured by the method of ASTM D2896) in the range of 300 to 400.

アルキル置換サリチル酸又はナフテン酸あるいはいずれ
か又は両方とアルキル置換フェノールとの混合物から容
易に誘導されるメチレン及び硫黄架橋物質のような多価
金属アルキルサリチル酸塩及びナフテン酸塩物質も含ま
れることができる。Polyvalent metal alkyl salicylate and naphthenate materials such as methylene and sulfur bridged materials readily derived from mixtures of alkyl-substituted salicylic acids and/or naphthenic acids with alkyl-substituted phenols can also be included.

塩基性硫化サリチル酸塩及びそれらの製造方法はＵＳ−
Ａ−３５９５７９１号に示されている。Basic sulfurized salicylates and methods for their production are US-
A-3595791.

硫化金属フェノキシドは“フェノールスルフィドの金属
塩”と考えることができ、かくして一般；← （上記一般式中、ｘ＝１又は２、ｎ＝０．１又は２であ
る） で示される化合物又はかかる化合物の重合体形（この場
合には、Ｒはアルキル基であり、ｎ及びＸはおのおのが
１〜４の整数である）の中性又は塩基性のいずれかの金
属塩を意味し、油中への十分な溶解度を保証するために
はＲ基のすべてに於ける炭素原子の平均数は少なくとも
約９である。Sulfurized metal phenoxides can be considered as "metal salts of phenol sulfide" and thus, in general; (in this case, R is an alkyl group, and n and The average number of carbon atoms in all of the R groups is at least about 9 to ensure sufficient solubility.

個々のＲ基は、おのおのが５〜４０個、好ましくは８〜
２０個の炭素原子を含むことができる。金属塩は、アル
キルフェノールスルフィドを十分な量の金属含有物質と
反応させて硫化金属フェノキシドに所望のアルカリ度を
与えることによって製造される。The number of individual R groups is 5 to 40, preferably 8 to 40.
It can contain 20 carbon atoms. Metal salts are prepared by reacting an alkylphenol sulfide with a sufficient amount of metal-containing material to provide the desired alkalinity to the sulfurized metal phenoxide.

硫化アルキルフェノールは、該フェノールを中和するの
に十分な量の酸化物、水酸化物及び錯体を含む金属含有
物質と反応させ、かつ所望ならば当業界で公知の方法で
生成物を所望のアルカリ度へ過塩基にすることによって
転化される。グリコールエーテル中の金属の溶液を用い
る中和方法が好ましい。The sulfurized alkylphenol is reacted with a metal-containing material, including oxides, hydroxides, and complexes, in an amount sufficient to neutralize the phenol, and if desired, the product is converted to the desired alkali by methods known in the art. Converted by overbasing to a certain degree. A neutralization method using a solution of the metal in glycol ether is preferred.

上述したようなマグネシウム及びカルシウム含有添加物
は、他の面では有利であるが、潤滑油が酸化する傾向を
増加する可能性がある。これは高度塩基性スルホン酸塩
では特に真実である。Magnesium and calcium containing additives, such as those mentioned above, while otherwise advantageous, can increase the tendency of the lubricating oil to oxidize. This is especially true for highly basic sulfonates.

従って、１つの好ましい実施態様によれば、本発明は２
〜８０００ｐｐｍのカルシウム及び（又は）マグネシウ
ムをも含むクランク室潤滑剤組成物を提供する。Therefore, according to one preferred embodiment, the invention provides two
A crankcase lubricant composition is provided that also includes ~8000 ppm calcium and/or magnesium.

マグネシウム及び（又は）カルシウムは一般にスルホン
酸塩及びフェノキシドのような塩基性又は中性洗剤とし
て存在し、好ましい添加物は塩基性マグネシウム又はカ
ルシウムスルホン酸塩である。好ましくは、油はかかる
添加物からの５００〜５０００ｐｐｍ＋のカルシウム及
び（又は）マグネシウムを含む。Magnesium and/or calcium are generally present as basic or neutral detergents such as sulfonates and phenoxides, with the preferred additive being basic magnesium or calcium sulfonates. Preferably, the oil contains 500-5000 ppm+ calcium and/or magnesium from such additives.

本発明のこれらの組成物は、別法として、又は加えて、
他の同様な金属含有洗剤添加物、例えばバリウム、ナト
リウム、カリウム又はリチウムを含む添加物を含むこと
ができる。These compositions of the invention may alternatively or additionally contain
Other similar metal-containing detergent additives may be included, such as those containing barium, sodium, potassium or lithium.

本発明の潤滑剤組成物中に用いられる潤滑油は鉱物性潤
滑油又は合成潤滑油又はそれらの混合物であることがで
きる。適当な合成油には、セバシン酸ジー（２−エチル
ヘキシル）、アゼライン酸ジ（２−エチルヘキシル）、
アジピン酸ジ（２−エチルヘキシル）のようなジエステ
ル油；ジカルボン酸、グリコール及びｌ塩基酸又は１価
アルコールに対して生成されるような複雑なエステル油
；シリコーン油；スルフィドエステル；有機カーボネー
ト、炭化水素油及び技術上公知の他の合成油が含まれる
。The lubricating oil used in the lubricant compositions of the present invention can be a mineral lubricating oil or a synthetic lubricating oil or mixtures thereof. Suitable synthetic oils include di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) azelaate,
Diester oils such as di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate; complex ester oils such as those produced for dicarboxylic acids, glycols and l-basic acids or monohydric alcohols; silicone oils; sulfide esters; organic carbonates, hydrocarbons oils and other synthetic oils known in the art.

本発明は鉱物性潤滑油で特に有用であり、現在用いられ
ているものよりも酸化防止性が劣っているベースストッ
ク油の使用を可能にするという追加の利益がある。The present invention is particularly useful in mineral lubricating oils, with the added benefit of allowing the use of base stock oils that have poorer antioxidant properties than those currently used.

本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、他の伝統的な潤滑剤添加物、
例えばオレイン酸及びＮ−オレイルサルコシン、及びオ
レイン酸２量体及び３量体のようなその誘導体、レシチ
ン、モノオレイン酸ソルビタン、ドデシルコハク酸無水
物又はエトキシル化アルキルフェノールのような防銹剤
；酢酸ビニルとヤシ油アルコールのフマル酸エステルと
の共重合体のような流動点降下剤：及びオレフィン共重
合体又はポリメタクリレートのような粘度指数改良剤を
、それらが実質的に無燐であるという条件で、含むこと
ができ、かつ通常含む。The lubricant compositions of the present invention contain other traditional lubricant additives,
Rust protection agents such as oleic acid and N-oleylsarcosine and its derivatives such as oleic acid dimers and trimers, lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, dodecylsuccinic anhydride or ethoxylated alkylphenols; vinyl acetate and viscosity index improvers such as olefin copolymers or polymethacrylates, provided that they are substantially phosphorus-free. , can, and usually does, include.

無銅油では、ジアルキルジチオ燐酸亜鉛に加えて他の酸
化防止剤が油の酸化安定性の改良のために時に所要であ
る。これらの補助的酸化防止剤は特にベースストックの
酸化安定性が不良のときに含まれ、かつ典型的には補助
的酸化防止剤は０．１〜１．５重量％の量で油へ添加さ
れる。用いられる補助的酸化防止剤には、フェノール、
障害フェノール、ビスフェノール、及び硫化フェノール
、カテコール、アルキル化カテコール及び硫化アルキル
カテコール、ジフェニルアミン及びアルキルジフェニル
アミン及びフェニル−１〜ナフチルアミン及びそのアル
キル化誘導体が含まれる。In copper-free oils, other antioxidants in addition to zinc dialkyldithiophosphate are sometimes required to improve the oxidative stability of the oil. These supplemental antioxidants are included especially when the oxidative stability of the base stock is poor, and typically supplemental antioxidants are added to the oil in amounts of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight. Ru. Supplementary antioxidants used include phenol,
Included are hindered phenols, bisphenols, and sulfurized phenols, catechols, alkylated and sulfurized alkylcatechols, diphenylamines and alkyldiphenylamines, and phenyl-1-naphthylamines and their alkylated derivatives.

少量の銅を含むと、これらの補助的酸化防止剤の必要は
一般になくなる。しかし、特にががる補助的酸化防止剤
の存在が有利である苛酷な条件下で作動する油に対して
、それによって燐が実質的に導入されないという条件で
、補助的酸化防止剤を含むことは依然として本発明の範
囲内にある。Including small amounts of copper generally eliminates the need for these supplemental antioxidants. However, the inclusion of a supplemental antioxidant is particularly advantageous for oils operating under severe conditions where the presence of a supplementary antioxidant is advantageous, provided that substantially no phosphorus is thereby introduced. remains within the scope of the invention.

潤滑油用添加物は、一般に、バルクの潤滑剤中へ添加す
るための油中濃縮物として供給される。Lubricating oil additives are generally supplied as concentrates in oil for addition into bulk lubricants.

従・って、本発明は （１）０．１重量％未溝の燐、 （２）１〜５０重量％の油溶性含硫化合物、（３１０，
００５〜２重量％の銅、及び＋４１０．１〜２０重量％
の軸受腐食防止剤、及び随意に （５）（ａ）　　０〜６０重量％、例えば１０〜６０重
量％の無灰分散剤化合物、 Ｑ））０〜４０％、例えば３〜４０％の重合体粘度指数
改良分散剤（任意の粘度指数改良剤を別個に添加するの
が通常であるカリ からなる群から選ばれる分散剤 を含む油溶液からなる濃縮物を提供する。Therefore, the present invention provides (1) 0.1% by weight of ungrooved phosphorus, (2) 1 to 50% by weight of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound, (310,
005-2% by weight copper, and +410.1-20% by weight
and optionally (5) (a) an ashless dispersant compound of 0 to 60%, e.g. 10 to 60% by weight, Q)) a polymer viscosity of 0 to 40%, e.g. 3 to 40%. A concentrate is provided consisting of an oil solution containing a dispersant selected from the group consisting of potash to which an optional viscosity index improver is usually added separately.

濃縮物は、既述の洗剤及び粘度指数改良剤のような他の
添加物を含むこともできる。特に好ましい濃縮物はマグ
ネシウム及び（又は）カルシウム含有添加物をも含み、
従って、本発明は０．０１〜８重量％のカルシウム及び
（又は）マグネシウムをも含む濃縮物を提供する。The concentrate may also contain other additives such as the detergents and viscosity index improvers mentioned above. Particularly preferred concentrates also contain magnesium- and/or calcium-containing additives;
Accordingly, the present invention provides a concentrate that also contains 0.01-8% by weight of calcium and/or magnesium.

本発明の幾つかの面をより詳細に示すために、以下に実
施例を示すが、これらの実施例は説明のためのみのもの
である。The following examples are provided to more fully illustrate certain aspects of the invention, but are intended to be illustrative only.

比較実施例■〜■及び実施例１〜４ 下記の比較実施例及び本発明の実施例に於て、第１表中
に示した添加物の組み合わせ及び量で調合物を調製し、
残りは潤滑剤組成物のために適したかつ０．３重量％の
硫黄を含む希釈油である。用いた添加物は下記の通りで
ある。Comparative Examples ■ to ■ and Examples 1 to 4 In the following comparative examples and inventive examples, formulations were prepared with the combinations and amounts of additives shown in Table 1,
The remainder is a diluent oil suitable for lubricant compositions and containing 0.3% by weight sulfur. The additives used are as follows.

Ａは２１％の多官能性エチレン−プロピレン共重合体を
含みかつ０．２９重量％のＮを含む油溶液からなる分散
剤Ｖ、１．添加物である。A is a dispersant V consisting of an oil solution containing 21% of a polyfunctional ethylene-propylene copolymer and 0.29% by weight of N; 1. It is an additive.

Ｂは分子量が約９５０でありかつ１．６重量％のＮと０
．３５重量％のＢとを含む、ポリイソブテニル基を有す
る硼酸化ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドの５０重量％
油溶液からなる無灰分散剤である。B has a molecular weight of about 950 and contains 1.6% by weight of N and 0
．． 50% by weight of borated polyisobutenyl succinimide with polyisobutenyl groups, containing 35% by weight of B
This is an ashless dispersant consisting of an oil solution.

ＣはＴＢＮ４００とマグネシウム含量９．２重量％と硫
黄含量１．７重量％とを有する過塩基スルホン酸マグネ
シウムの油溶液である。C is an oil solution of overbased magnesium sulfonate with a TBN of 400 and a magnesium content of 9.2% by weight and a sulfur content of 1.7% by weight.

ｐはＴＢＮ３００とカルシウム含量１１．９重量％と硫
黄台Ｎ１．９重量％とを有する過塩基スルホン酸カルシ
ウムの油溶液である。p is an oil solution of overbased calcium sulfonate with a TBN of 300, a calcium content of 11.9% by weight, and a sulfur base N of 1.9% by weight.

Ｅは４重量％の銅を含むオレイン酸銅の油溶液である。E is an oil solution of copper oleate containing 4% by weight copper.

Ｆは障害メチレンビス−フェノール酸化防止剤の３０重
量％油溶液である。F is a 30% by weight oil solution of a hindered methylene bis-phenol antioxidant.

Ｇはチバ・ガイギー（Ｃｉｂａ−Ｇｅｉｇｙ　）からイ
ルガノックス（Ｉｒｇａｎｏｘ　）Ｌ　−５７として市
販されているアルキル化ジフェニルアミン酸化防止剤で
ある。G is an alkylated diphenylamine antioxidant commercially available as Irganox L-57 from Ciba-Geigy.

Ｈは６重量％の亜鉛と１２重量％の硫黄とを含むシアミ
ルジチオカルバミン倣亜鉛の５０重量％油溶液である。H is a 50% by weight oil solution of cyamyl dithiocarbamic mimic zinc containing 6% by weight zinc and 12% by weight sulfur.

Ｊは５重量％の硼素を含む、エトキシエタノールから製
造されるオルト硼酸エステルである。J is an orthoboric acid ester made from ethoxyethanol containing 5% by weight boron.

Ｋはアモコ・ケミカル・カンパニー（＾ｓｏｃ。K stands for Amoco Chemical Company (^soc.

Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　）からアモコ（＾
−ｏｃｏ　）　１５８として市販されている２、５−ビ
ス（ノニルジオチ）−１，３，４−チアジアゾールであ
り、３３重量％の硫黄を含む。Chemical Company ) to Amoco (＾
-oco) 158 and contains 33% by weight sulfur.

Ｌは１２重量％のモリブデンをオクタン酸塩として含む
油溶液である。L is an oil solution containing 12% by weight of molybdenum as octanoate.

Ｍはエメリー・コーポレーション（Ｅｍｅｒｙ　Ｃｏｒ
−ｐｏｒａＬｉｏｎ　）からエメリー（Ｅ＋＋＋ｅｒｙ
）９８４４として市販されている硫化エステル抹香鯨油
代替物である。M stands for Emery Corporation.
-poraLion) to Emery (E+++ery
) 9844, a sulfurized ester matcha whale oil substitute commercially available as 9844.

調合物の試験は下記の標準試験で行った。The formulations were tested using the standard test described below.

最大及び平均カムプラスリフター（ｃａｔｍ　ｐｌｕｓ
ｌｉｆｔｅｒ　）摩耗を測定するＡＳＴＭ　ＳＴＰ　３
１５Ｍパート■によるＳｅｑ、ＩＩ［Ｄエンジン試験。maximum and average cam plus lifter (catm plus
ASTM STP 3 to measure wear (lifter)
Seq, II [D engine test by 15M part ■.

最大摩耗が０．０２ａｌｌ　（０，００８ｉｎ　）又は
それより良好でかつ平均摩耗が０．０１３　（０，００
４ｉｎ　）又はそれより良好の場合にこの試験に於ける
合格が得られる。maximum wear of 0.02 all (0,008 in) or better and average wear of 0.013 (0,00
4 in) or better to pass this test.

Ｓｅｑ、ｕｌＤに於ける動粘度増加が４０℃に於て６４
時間後の百分率増加として測定された。６４時間後の粘
度増加が３７５％以下であることによってこの試験に於
ける合格が得られる。The kinematic viscosity increase in Seq, ulD was 64 at 40°C.
Measured as percentage increase over time. Passing this test is achieved by a viscosity increase of 375% or less after 64 hours.

軸受重量損失（ＢＷＬ）を測定するＡＳＴＭＳＴＰ　　
５０９Ａ　　ＰＥ　ＩＶに基づ＜　ＣＲＣ−Ｌ−３８ス
クリーナー（５ｃｒｅｅｎｅｒ　）エンジン試験。ＢＷ
Ｌが４０■以下であるときにこの試験に於ける合格が得
られる。ASTM STP to measure bearing weight loss (BWL)
509A PE IV < CRC-L-38 Screener (5cleaner) Engine Test. BW
A pass in this test is obtained when L is 40 ■ or less.

結果は第２表に示しである。これらの結果は、本発明が
燐が実質的に無くて優れた酸化防止、抗摩耗、及び軸受
腐食防止を有する潤滑剤に於ける驚異的な利益を与える
ことを示す。比較実施例Ｉ、■、■は軸受腐食防止剤が
無いと摩耗性能が不十分であることを示す。比較実施例
■はモリブデン添加物の添加が摩耗性能を改良しなかっ
たことを示す。比較実施例Ｖは銅酸化防止剤が無いと、
他の既知の酸化防止剤の通常量があっても性能が不十分
であったことを示す。The results are shown in Table 2. These results demonstrate that the present invention provides surprising benefits in lubricants that are substantially free of phosphorus and have excellent oxidation protection, antiwear, and bearing corrosion protection. Comparative Examples I, ■, and ■ show that the wear performance is inadequate in the absence of bearing corrosion inhibitor. Comparative Example ■ shows that addition of molybdenum additive did not improve wear performance. Comparative Example V has no copper antioxidant;
This indicates that even with normal amounts of other known antioxidants, performance was insufficient.

比較実施例Ｖと実施例２を比較すると、銅の使用は酸化
防止性能を改良するばかりでなく抗摩耗性能をも驚異的
に改良することを示す。本発明の実施例は、通常の油中
に商業的に用いられるものよりも低い燐濃度を有しなが
ら、本発明の調合物の性能は個々の添加物の性能の和で
あるばかりでなく、摩耗、酸化防止及び軸受腐食性能に
驚異的、な改良を与えることを示す。A comparison of Comparative Example V and Example 2 shows that the use of copper not only improves the antioxidant performance, but also surprisingly improves the anti-wear performance. While embodiments of the invention have lower phosphorus concentrations than those used commercially in conventional oils, the performance of the formulations of the invention is not only the sum of the performance of the individual additives; Shows amazing improvements in wear, oxidation protection and bearing corrosion performance.

実施例：　　　　　　　　　Ｉ　　　ｉｎ添加物（重量
％） Ａ　　　　　　　　８．５　　８．５　　８．５Ｂ　　
　　　　　　３．０　　３．０　　３．ＯＣ１，６１，
６１，６ Ｄ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　−−−Ｅ　　　　　　
　　Ｏ，３０，３０，３Ｆ　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　−−−Ｇ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　−−−Ｈ１，
５２，０１，Ｏ Ｊ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　−−−Ｋ　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　−−−Ｌ　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　−−−Ｍ　　　　　　　　−−− 添加硫黄含量（％）　　　０．５１　　０，５７　　０
．４５銅　　含　　量　（％）　　　　０．０１２　　
０．０１２　　０．０１２亜鉛含量（％）　　０．０９
　０．１２　０．０６燐　　含　　量　（％）　　　０
　　　　０　　　　０硼素含量（％）　　０．０１　０
．０１　０．０１Ｍｇ（Ｃａ）（％）　　　０．１５　
　０．１５　　０．１５ＩＶＶＶ１１２３４ ８．５　　　８．５　　　８．５　　　８．５　　　８
．５　　　　Ｂ、５　　　８．５３．０　　　３．０　
　　３．０　　　３．０　　　３．０　　　３．０　　
　３．０１．６　　　１．６　　　１．６　　　１．６
　　　１．６　　　１．６　　　１．６−０．９−−−
− ０．１５　　　　−　　　０．３　　　０．３　　　０
．３　　　０．３　　　０．３−　　　１．０　　　１
．０　　　　　−　　　　　−　　　　　−　　　　　
−−　　　０．４　　　０．４　　　　　−　　　　　
−　　　　　−　　　　　−１．５　　　１．５　　　
１．５　　　１．５　　　１．５　　　　　−　　　　
−−　　　１．０　　　　　　　　　　−　　　１．０
　　　１．０　　　　　−−一−０，５−０，５ ０，０３−−−−−− −−−−−３，０３，０ ０，５１０，５１０，５３０，６７０，５１０，６７０
，８４０，００６００，０１２０，０１２０，０１２０
，０１２０，０１２０，０９０，０９０，０９０，０９
０，０９００ｏｏｏｏｏｏ。Example: I in additive (wt%) A 8.5 8.5 8.5B
3.0 3.0 3. OC1,61,
61,6 D---E
O, 30, 30, 3F
---G ---H1,
52,01,O J---K
---L
---M --- Added sulfur content (%) 0.51 0,57 0
．． 45 Copper content (%) 0.012
0.012 0.012 Zinc content (%) 0.09
0.12 0.06 Phosphorus content (%) 0
0 0 Boron content (%) 0.01 0
．． 01 0.01Mg(Ca)(%) 0.15
0.15 0.15IVVV11234 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8
．． 5 B, 5 8.53.0 3.0
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
3.01.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
1.6 1.6 1.6-0.9---
- 0.15 - 0.3 0.3 0
．． 3 0.3 0.3- 1.0 1
．． 0 − − −
-- 0.4 0.4 --
− − −1.5 1.5
1.5 1.5 1.5 -
-- 1.0 - 1.0
1.0 --1-0,5-0,5 0,03--------3,03,0 0,510,510,530,670,510,670
,840,00600,0120,0120,0120
,0120,0120,090,090,090,09
0,0900ooooooo.

Ｏ，０１０，０６０，０１０，０１０，０６０，０６０
，０１０，１５ ゞ　■〜■び　５〜７ 現代エンジンに於けるクランク室潤滑油の性能の重要因
子は酸化に対する抵抗、特に過度の粘度増加の無いこと
である。粘度増加防止に於ける本発明の組成物の有効性
は上の実施例１〜４で示されたＳｅｑ、Ｉ［［Ｄエンジ
ン試験で示されている。内燃機関の酸化的鉄触媒環境を
シミュレートするように設計されたベンチ試験−エルコ
ソト（ＥＲＣ（ＪＴ）試験−で以下にさらに立証を与え
る。O,010,060,010,010,060,060
, 010, 15 ゞ ■～■VI 5～7 An important factor in the performance of crankcase lubricating oils in modern engines is resistance to oxidation, especially the absence of excessive viscosity increase. The effectiveness of the compositions of the present invention in preventing viscosity increase is demonstrated in the Seq, I[[D engine tests shown in Examples 1-4 above. Further evidence is provided below in a bench test designed to simulate the oxidative iron catalyst environment of an internal combustion engine - the Ercosoto (ERC (JT) test).

以下に報告されるエルコツ）、　（ＥＲＣＯＴ　’）試
験に於ては、４０ｐｐｍの鉄をアセチルアセトン第二鉄
として含む試験下の油組成物試料３００ｇを、１６５℃
の試料中を１．１１７分で空気を通して酸化砦、ハーケ
（Ｈａｋｋｅ　）の粘度計を用いて６４時間まで時間間
隔で粘度を測定した。結果はセンチポアズ（ｃｐ　）で
示される。In the ERCOT' test, a 300 g sample of the oil composition under test containing 40 ppm iron as ferric acetylacetone was heated at 165°C.
Air was passed through the sample for 1.117 minutes and the viscosity was measured at time intervals up to 64 hours using a Hakke viscometer. Results are expressed in centipoise (cp).

比較実施例■〜■はＷＯ−Ａ−８６０４６０１号の実施
例１１、ＷＯ−Ａ−８６０４６０２号の実施例１３及び
ＷＯ−Ａ−０６０９２号の実施例ＸＩに従う。但し、こ
れらの実施例中文字で示されたものから選ばれる同様な
物質を用いた。比較実施例は銅を用いておらず、下の第
３表中の結果は粘度の制御が不十分であることを示すが
、実施例５〜７の本発明の組成物は長いエンジン油ドレ
イン時間をもつ長期間にわたって酸化性環境に暴露され
る現代油中に用いるための本発明の有効性を示す。Comparative Examples ■ to ■ are in accordance with Example 11 of WO-A-8604601, Example 13 of WO-A-8604602 and Example XI of WO-A-06092. However, similar materials selected from those indicated by letters in these Examples were used. Although the comparative examples do not use copper and the results in Table 3 below indicate poor viscosity control, the inventive compositions of Examples 5-7 have long engine oil drain times. Figure 2 shows the effectiveness of the present invention for use in modern oils exposed to oxidizing environments for extended periods of time.

前に挙げた成分とは別に、下記の成分を用いた。In addition to the previously listed components, the following components were used.

Ｎは分散剤Ｂと類似の分散剤であるが、ポリイソブテニ
ル基の分子量は約１３００であり、かつ分散剤は１．４
６重量％のＮ及び０．３２重量％のＢを含む。N is a dispersant similar to dispersant B, but the molecular weight of the polyisobutenyl group is about 1300, and the dispersant is 1.4
Contains 6% by weight N and 0.32% by weight B.

Ｐは７．０重量％のＰと７．７重量％のＺｎとを含むジ
イソオクチルジチオ燐酸亜鉛の油溶液（活性成分９０％
）からなる抗摩耗添加物である。P is an oil solution of zinc diisooctyldithiophosphate (90% active ingredient) containing 7.0% by weight of P and 7.7% by weight of Zn.
) is an anti-wear additive.

ニー主−人 濃縮均一上記調合物を与えるための典型的な濃縮物 成　分　重量％　％Ｓ　％Ｃｕ　　％Ｂ実施例３　　　
Ｂ　　　３３．７　　　　　　　　０．１２ＣＩ８．０
　０．３１ Ｅ　　　　３．４　　　　　０．１６ Ｊ　　　１１．２　　　　　　　　０．５６Ｍ　　　３
３．７　３．８８ １００．０　４．１９　０．１６　０．６８実施例４　
　　Ｂ’　　　３５．７ Ｃ１９，１０，３２０，１３ Ｅ　　　　３．６　　　　　０．１４ Ｋ　　　　５．９　１．９５ 濃縮物は、取扱いを改善する（粘度を下げる）ために希
釈油を幾らか含むこともできる。Typical Concentrate Ingredients for Providing Uniform Concentrations Above Formulations Weight % % S % Cu % B Example 3
B 33.7 0.12CI8.0
0.31 E 3.4 0.16 J 11.2 0.56M 3
3.7 3.88 100.0 4.19 0.16 0.68 Example 4
B' 35.7 C19,10,320,13 E 3.6 0.14 K 5.9 1.95 The concentrate may also contain some diluent oil to improve handling (reduce viscosity) .

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １、大部分量の潤滑油と、油溶性の形で存在する５〜５
００重量ｐｐｍの添加銅と、組成物が０．５重量％を越
えて２．０重量％までの全硫黄を含むような１種以上の
添加油溶性含硫化合物と、有効量の腐食防止剤とからな
り、かつ燐含量が０．０１重量％未満である、自動車の
エンジンに用いるためのクランク室潤滑剤組成物。 ２、組成物中の添加銅の量が１０〜４００ｐｐｍである
請求項１記載の組成物。 ３、組成物中の添加銅の量が１０〜２００ｐｐｍである
請求項２記載の組成物。 ４、組成物中の添加銅の量が６０〜２００ｐｐｍである
請求項３記載の組成物。 ５、銅をＣ＿１＿０−Ｃ＿１＿８脂肪酸、不飽和カルボ
ン酸、分子量２００−５００のナフテン酸あるいはアル
キル又はアルケニル置換ジカルボン酸の銅塩、一般式（
ＲＲ′ＮＣＳＳ）＿ｎＣｕ（上記一般式中、ｎは１又は
２であり、ＲおよびＲ′は１〜１８個の炭素原子を含む
同じ又は異なるヒドロカルビル基である）の油溶性ジチ
オカルバミン酸銅、スルホン酸銅、銅フェノキシド、又
はアセチルアセトン銅として油中へ混合することができ
る請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の組成物。 ６、油溶性硫黄化合物が式（ＲＲ′ＮＣＳＳ）＿ｎＭ（
上記式中、Ｒ、Ｒ′、ｎは請求項５で定義した通りであ
り、Ｍは適当な金属である）のジチオカルバミン酸塩又
はメルカプチド、硫化不飽和有機化合物、スルフィド、
チオエーテル、チオフェノール、チオキサントゲン酸塩
、硫化エステル、チオエステル、チオアミド、チアゾー
ル又はチアジアゾールである前記請求項のいずれかに記
載の組成物。 ７、油溶性硫黄化合物が２〜１２個の炭素原子を含むジ
アルキルジチオカルバミン酸塩である請求項６記載の組
成物。 ８、添加油溶性含硫化合物として０．１〜０．５重量％
のＳを含み、０．５重量％を越えて１．０重量％までの
全Ｓを含む前記請求項のいずれかに記載の組成物。 ９、０．０１−０．５重量％のＺｎを含む前記請求項の
いずれかに記載の組成物。 １０、０．５−３重量％のジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛を含
む請求項６記載の組成物。 １１、軸受腐食防止剤が式 Ｂ（ＯＲ）＿３、（ＲＯ）＿２Ｂ−Ｏ−Ｂ（ＯＲ）＿２
、（ＲＯＢＯ）＿３又は（ＲＯ＿２）ＢＯＲ＾１ＯＢ（
ＯＲ）＿２（上記式中、Ｒは置換又は未置換のアルキル
、アリール又はアルアルキル基であるか、あるいは２個
のＲ基が一緒になって置換又は未置換アルキレン基を形
成し、Ｒ＾１は置換又は未置換アルキレン基である） の１種以上の硼酸エステル及び（又は）５〜５０個の炭
素原子を含むチアジアゾールポリスルフィド、その誘導
体又は重合体からなる前記請求項のいずれかに記載の組
成物。 １２、０．０１−１０重量％の硼酸エステルを含む請求
項１記載の組成物。 １３、硼酸エステルがトリス（エトキシエチル）オルト
硼酸エステル又はブタン−１，３−ジオールの硼酸エス
テルである請求項１１又は請求項１２記載の組成物。 １４、０．０１−１０重量％の２，５−ビス（ｔ−ノニ
ルジチオ）−１，３，４−チアジアゾールを含む請求項
１１記載の組成物。 １５、燐含量が０．００５重量％未満である前記請求項
のいずれかに記載の組成物。 １６、実質的に燐を含まない請求項１５記載の組成物。 １７、（Ａ）１〜１０重量％の無灰分散剤化合物及び（
又は） （Ｂ）０．３〜１０重量％の窒素又はエステル含有重合
体粘度指数改良分散剤 をも含む前記請求項のいずれかに記載の組成物。 １８、２〜８０００ｐｐｍのカルシウム及び（又は）マ
グネシウムを含む前記請求項のいずれかに記載の組成物
。 １９、５００〜５０００ｐｐｍのカルシウム及び（又は
）マグネシウムを塩基性スルホン酸カルシウム及び（又
は）マグネシウムとして含む請求項１８記載の組成物。 ２０、防銹剤、流動点降下剤、追加の酸化防止剤及び粘
度指数改良剤の１種以上をも含む前記請求項のいずれか
に記載の組成物。 ２１、（１）０．１重量％未満の燐、 （２）１〜５０重量％の油溶性含硫化合物、（３）０．
００５〜２重量％の銅、 （４）０．１〜２０重量％の軸受腐食防止剤、及び（５
）０〜６０重量％の無灰分散剤 を含む油溶液からなる濃縮物。 ２２、０．０１〜８重量％のカルシウム及び（又は）マ
グネシウムをも含む請求項２１記載の濃縮物。 ２３、油溶性含硫化合物、軸受腐食防止剤、無灰分散剤
及び（又は）重合体粘度指数改良分散剤、及びカルシウ
ム及び（又は）マグネシウム含有洗剤を含む無燐潤滑剤
組成物中に於ける酸化防止剤としての油溶性銅の使用。 ２４、酸化、摩耗及び腐食を抑制しかつＡＰＩエンジン
サービスカテゴリーのカテゴリーＳＦ及び（又は）ＣＤ
の品質基準に少なくとも適合するため、油溶性の形で存
在する添加銅５〜５００ｐｐｍと０．５重量％を越え２
．０重量％までの全硫黄と軸受腐食防止剤との組み合わ
せの、燐含量が０．０１重量％未満である自動車エンジ
ン用クランク室潤滑剤組成物中に於ける使用。[Scope of Claims] 1. Most of the lubricating oil and 5 to 5 present in oil-soluble form.
00 ppm by weight of added copper; one or more added oil-soluble sulfur-containing compounds such that the composition contains greater than 0.5% to 2.0% total sulfur; and an effective amount of a corrosion inhibitor. A crankcase lubricant composition for use in an automobile engine, comprising: and having a phosphorus content of less than 0.01% by weight. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of added copper in the composition is 10 to 400 ppm. 3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the amount of added copper in the composition is 10 to 200 ppm. 4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the amount of added copper in the composition is 60 to 200 ppm. 5. Copper can be converted into C_1_0-C_1_8 fatty acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, copper salts of naphthenic acids or alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted dicarboxylic acids with a molecular weight of 200-500, general formula (
RR'NCSS)_nCu (in the above general formula, n is 1 or 2 and R and R' are the same or different hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms) oil-soluble copper dithiocarbamate, sulfonic acid 5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which can be incorporated into the oil as copper, copper phenoxide or copper acetylacetone. 6. The oil-soluble sulfur compound has the formula (RR'NCSS)_nM(
dithiocarbamates or mercaptides, sulfurized unsaturated organic compounds, sulfides, where R, R', n are as defined in claim 5 and M is a suitable metal;
A composition according to any of the preceding claims which is a thioether, thiophenol, thioxanthate, sulfurized ester, thioester, thioamide, thiazole or thiadiazole. 7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the oil-soluble sulfur compound is a dialkyldithiocarbamate containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms. 8. 0.1 to 0.5% by weight as added oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound
A composition according to any of the preceding claims, comprising more than 0.5% and up to 1.0% total S by weight. 9. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, comprising 0.01-0.5% by weight of Zn. 7. The composition of claim 6, comprising 0.5-3% by weight of zinc dithiocarbamate. 11. Bearing corrosion inhibitor is formula B(OR)_3, (RO)_2B-O-B(OR)_2
, (ROBO)_3 or (RO_2)BOR^1OB(
OR)_2 (in the above formula, R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, or two R groups together form a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, R^1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group) and/or a thiadiazole polysulfide, derivative or polymer thereof containing from 5 to 50 carbon atoms. thing. 12. The composition of claim 1, comprising 0.01-10% by weight of boric acid ester. 13. The composition according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the borate is tris(ethoxyethyl)orthoborate or butane-1,3-diol borate. 14. The composition of claim 11, comprising 0.01-10% by weight of 2,5-bis(t-nonyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole. 15. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, having a phosphorus content of less than 0.005% by weight. 16. The composition of claim 15, which is substantially free of phosphorus. 17, (A) 1 to 10% by weight of an ashless dispersant compound and (
or) a composition according to any of the preceding claims, also comprising (B) 0.3 to 10% by weight of a nitrogen- or ester-containing polymeric viscosity index-improving dispersant. 18. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, comprising from 2 to 8000 ppm calcium and/or magnesium. 19. The composition of claim 18, comprising 500 to 5000 ppm of calcium and/or magnesium as basic calcium and/or magnesium sulfonates. 20. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, which also comprises one or more of the following: a rust preventer, a pour point depressant, an additional antioxidant and a viscosity index improver. 21, (1) less than 0.1% by weight of phosphorus, (2) 1 to 50% by weight of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound, (3) 0.
(4) 0.1-20% by weight of a bearing corrosion inhibitor, and (5)
) A concentrate consisting of an oil solution containing 0 to 60% by weight of an ashless dispersant. 22. Concentrate according to claim 21, which also contains 0.01 to 8% by weight of calcium and/or magnesium. 23. Oxidation in a phosphorus-free lubricant composition containing an oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound, a bearing corrosion inhibitor, an ashless dispersant and/or a polymeric viscosity index improving dispersant, and a calcium and/or magnesium-containing detergent. Use of oil-soluble copper as an inhibitor. 24. Suppress oxidation, wear and corrosion and API engine service category category SF and/or CD
Added copper present in oil-soluble form at least 5-500 ppm and more than 0.5% by weight2
．． Use of up to 0% by weight total sulfur in combination with a bearing corrosion inhibitor in an automotive engine crankcase lubricant composition having a phosphorus content of less than 0.01% by weight.
JP63045692A 1987-02-27 1988-02-27 Low phosphorus lubricant Expired - Lifetime JP2505019B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8704682 1987-02-27
GB878704682A GB8704682D0 (en) 1987-02-27 1987-02-27 Low phosphorus lubricants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63304096A true JPS63304096A (en) 1988-12-12
JP2505019B2 JP2505019B2 (en) 1996-06-05

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KR (1) KR960014933B1 (en)
AR (1) AR244317A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE82020T1 (en)
AU (1) AU603186B2 (en)
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CA (1) CA1306741C (en)
DE (1) DE3875630T2 (en)
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ES (1) ES2045102T3 (en)
GB (1) GB8704682D0 (en)
MX (1) MX170110B (en)
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SG50093G (en) 1993-06-25
NO880846L (en) 1988-08-29
MY103223A (en) 1993-05-29
JP2505019B2 (en) 1996-06-05
EP0280580A2 (en) 1988-08-31
KR880010106A (en) 1988-10-07
ATE82020T1 (en) 1992-11-15
DE3875630T2 (en) 1993-03-18
AU603186B2 (en) 1990-11-08
ES2045102T3 (en) 1994-01-16
AR244317A1 (en) 1993-10-29
ZA881262B (en) 1988-08-22
EP0280580A3 (en) 1989-07-12
NO172853B (en) 1993-06-07
GB8704682D0 (en) 1987-04-01
EP0280580B1 (en) 1992-11-04
DE3875630D1 (en) 1992-12-10
DK103788A (en) 1988-08-28
CA1306741C (en) 1992-08-25
DK103788D0 (en) 1988-02-26
KR960014933B1 (en) 1996-10-21
NO880846D0 (en) 1988-02-26
BR8800835A (en) 1988-10-04
NO172853C (en) 1993-09-15
MX170110B (en) 1993-09-09
AU1235188A (en) 1988-09-01

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