JPS63270125A - Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form - Google Patents

Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form

Info

Publication number
JPS63270125A
JPS63270125A JP62105504A JP10550487A JPS63270125A JP S63270125 A JPS63270125 A JP S63270125A JP 62105504 A JP62105504 A JP 62105504A JP 10550487 A JP10550487 A JP 10550487A JP S63270125 A JPS63270125 A JP S63270125A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
hose
reinforcing
bent
pressure hose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP62105504A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Jiro Masumi
増実 二郎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd filed Critical Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
Priority to JP62105504A priority Critical patent/JPS63270125A/en
Publication of JPS63270125A publication Critical patent/JPS63270125A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a manufacturing process of a high-pressure hose of a bent form by making a mandrel unnecessary, by a method wherein after lamination of an inner pipe layer and reinforcing layer made of thermoplastic resin and an external pipe layer made of a high-molecular weight elastic material in a straight tubular state and the laminated matter in the straight tubular state is bent by molding through a mold. CONSTITUTION:An inner pipe layer 2 is formed of thermoplastic resin into a straight tubular state, and a reinforcing layer 3 is formed on its external circumferential surface after it has been cooled until it possesses shape retention capacity. A polyvinyl or polyester synthetic fiber or reclaimed fiber is used as reinforcing yarn, and the reinforc ing layer 3 is of one layer structure. An external pipe layer 4 is formed so as to coat the reinforcing layer 3 with a high-molecular weight elastic material and, the covering is effected through extrusion. A hose of a semifinished product composed of the inner pipe layer 2, reinforcing layer 3 and outer pipe layer 4 by laminating them in the straight tubular state is cut into predetermined lengths, set up into a cavity 29 of a bending mold 27 and heated by fixing by hose presses 31, 32. When the same is cooled, a high-pressure hose bent after the cavity 29 of the bending mold 27 is obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 この発明は、第1図に示すような、熱化塑性樹脂製の内
管層2、補強層3、高分子弾性材料製の外管層4からな
る屈曲形状の高圧ホース1を製造する方法に関し、例え
ば車両用ブレーキホースな製造するのに好適な方法であ
る。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention provides an inner tube layer 2 made of a thermoplastic resin, a reinforcing layer 3, and an outer tube layer made of an elastic polymer material, as shown in FIG. This method is suitable for manufacturing a brake hose for a vehicle, for example.

〈従来の技術〉 従来、この種のブレーキホースは、第2図の如く、SB
R製の内管層12、ポリエステル等の合成繊維をブレー
ドしてなる2層の補強層13.13a、CR製の外管層
14を積層してなる直管ホース11であった。そして、
第3図の如く、2木をホース継手20で連結して第4図
に示す車両フロントサスペンションへ組付けられていた
。即ち、第3図における左側の第1ホースllaをキャ
リパ15−アブソーバ16間へ、右側の第2ホース11
bをアブソーバ16−ボディパネル1フ間へ取付ける。
<Conventional technology> Conventionally, this type of brake hose has a SB hose as shown in Fig. 2.
The straight pipe hose 11 was formed by laminating an inner pipe layer 12 made of R, two reinforcing layers 13.13a made of braided synthetic fibers such as polyester, and an outer pipe layer 14 made of CR. and,
As shown in FIG. 3, two pieces of wood were connected by a hose joint 20 and assembled into the vehicle front suspension shown in FIG. 4. That is, in FIG. 3, the first hose lla on the left is connected between the caliper 15 and the absorber 16, and the second hose 11 on the right
Install b between the absorber 16 and the body panel 1.

尚、タイヤ18が3次元的に移動しても、キャリパ15
とアブソーバ16とは常に平行移動するため、第1ホー
スIlaには、■車両走行時の微振動と、■組付は誤差
等を吸収するのに必要な可とう性あればよい、かかる第
1ホースllaの可どう性は、一端をボディパネル1フ
ヘ固定し他端をアブソーバ16の移動に追従させる第2
ポース11bの可どう性に比して、小さくてすむことと
なる。
Note that even if the tire 18 moves three-dimensionally, the caliper 15
Since the absorber 16 and the absorber 16 always move in parallel, the first hose Ila only needs to have the necessary flexibility to absorb ■ slight vibrations when the vehicle is running, and ■ assembly errors. The flexibility of the hose lla is such that one end is fixed to the body panel 1 and the other end follows the movement of the absorber 16.
Compared to the flexibility of the port 11b, it can be small.

〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉 しかしながら、昨今の車両では、サスペンション構造の
変更に伴ない、既述の第1ホースllaの近傍へ部材が
配置されることが多くなってきた。すると、第1ホース
Ilaが当該部材と干渉しないように、何らかの対策が
必要になる。
<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in recent vehicles, as the suspension structure has been changed, members have been increasingly placed near the first hose lla described above. Then, some kind of measure is required to prevent the first hose Ila from interfering with the member.

かかる対策の一つとして、第3図に仮想線で示したよう
に、口金19を変形することで、当該部材へ第1ホース
llaが干渉しないようにすることが考えられる。しか
し、■口金19の形状が複雑になると第1ホースlla
の製造コストが嵩む、■当該部材と第1ホースllaと
の干渉位置が、第1ホースllaの中腹や第2ホースf
lbとの連結側近傍の場合には、口金19を変形させて
も充分干渉防止がなされないおそれがある。
As one of such measures, it is conceivable to deform the cap 19 as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 3 to prevent the first hose lla from interfering with this member. However, if the shape of the mouthpiece 19 becomes complicated, the first hose lla
The manufacturing cost increases; ■ The interference position between the relevant member and the first hose lla is the middle of the first hose lla or the second hose f.
In the case near the connection side with lb, even if the cap 19 is deformed, interference may not be sufficiently prevented.

そこで、本発明者は、第5図の如く、ホース11c自体
を変形させることを思いつき、以下に示す検討を行なっ
た。尚、図例のような屈曲ホースticは、ラジェータ
ホース等の低圧ホースの分野では周知である。そこで、
かかる屈曲低圧ホースの製造方法を屈曲形状高圧ホース
を製造するのに応用してみた。
Therefore, the inventor of the present invention came up with the idea of deforming the hose 11c itself as shown in FIG. 5, and conducted the following study. Incidentally, the bent hose tic shown in the illustrated example is well known in the field of low pressure hoses such as radiator hoses. Therefore,
This method of manufacturing a bent low-pressure hose was applied to manufacturing a bent high-pressure hose.

第1検討案(第6図) まず、第2図に示した構成の未加硫ゴムホース21を直
管状に形成し、この未加硫ゴムホース21へ屈曲成形用
マンドレル23を挿入する。このようにマンドレルを必
要とするのは、屈曲成形するときに、未加硫状態の内管
層12が型性変形するのを防止するためである。そして
、加硫後、屈曲成形用マンドレル23を引抜き製品を得
る。
First consideration (FIG. 6) First, the unvulcanized rubber hose 21 having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is formed into a straight tube shape, and the bending mandrel 23 is inserted into the unvulcanized rubber hose 21. The reason why the mandrel is required in this manner is to prevent the unvulcanized inner tube layer 12 from being deformed during bending. After vulcanization, the bending molding mandrel 23 is pulled out to obtain a product.

しかしながら、かかる方法には、以下の問題点があった
However, this method has the following problems.

(ア)高圧ホースでは低圧ホースに比して補強層13が
こわくなる(一般的に、低圧ホースの補強層は一層構造
であるのに対し高圧ホースのそれは二層構造である)の
で、屈曲成形用マンドレル23を挿入するときの抵抗が
大きい。特にブレーキホースの如く内径寸法が小さい(
3,0〜3゜4mm)ときには、屈曲成形用マンドレル
23を挿入し難く、また引抜き難い。
(A) The reinforcing layer 13 of a high-pressure hose is stiffer than that of a low-pressure hose (generally, the reinforcing layer of a low-pressure hose has a single-layer structure, while that of a high-pressure hose has a two-layer structure), so bending The resistance when inserting the mandrel 23 is large. Especially when the inner diameter is small like a brake hose (
3.0 to 3°4 mm), it is difficult to insert and pull out the bending forming mandrel 23.

(イ)未加硫ゴムホース21へ無理に屈曲成形用マンド
レル23を挿入するため、内管層12へ悪影響(肌あれ
等)が出るおそれがある。
(a) Since the bending mandrel 23 is forcibly inserted into the unvulcanized rubber hose 21, there is a risk of adverse effects (such as rough skin) on the inner tube layer 12.

第2検討案(第7,8図) 上記(ア)、(イ)の問題を解決すべく、フレキシブル
マンドレル25を用いることを思いついた。即ち、フレ
キシブルマンドレル25へ内管層形成材料をカバリング
して内管層12を形成し、その上へ補強層13と外管層
14を積層して未加硫ゴムホース21を形成する。そし
て、フレキシブルマンドレル25とともに未加硫ゴムホ
ース21を曲げ型27のキャビティ29ヘセツトし、ホ
ース押え31.32で固定して、型加硫を行なう、その
後、フレキシブルマンドレル25を引抜いて製品を得る
(本出願人による特許出願60−’286172号等参
照)。
Second Consideration Plan (Figures 7 and 8) In order to solve the above problems (A) and (B), we came up with the idea of using a flexible mandrel 25. That is, the flexible mandrel 25 is covered with an inner tube layer forming material to form the inner tube layer 12, and the reinforcing layer 13 and the outer tube layer 14 are laminated thereon to form the unvulcanized rubber hose 21. Then, the unvulcanized rubber hose 21 is set into the cavity 29 of the bending mold 27 together with the flexible mandrel 25, and fixed with hose holders 31 and 32 to perform mold vulcanization.Then, the flexible mandrel 25 is pulled out to obtain a product (main (See patent application No. 60-'286172 filed by the applicant, etc.).

かかる製造方法によれば、未加硫ゴムホース21ヘマン
ドレルを挿入する工程が不要となり、内管層12へ肌お
れ等の悪影響も発生し難くなる。
According to this manufacturing method, the step of inserting the hemandrel of the unvulcanized rubber hose 21 becomes unnecessary, and adverse effects such as skin irritation on the inner tube layer 12 are less likely to occur.

しかしながら、かかる製造方法には、以下の問題点があ
った。
However, this manufacturing method has the following problems.

即ち、フレキシブルマンドレル25を加硫後のホースか
ら引抜く工程は必要であり、この引抜工程は、こわい補
強層13を備えた高圧ゴムホースにおいては、低圧ホー
スに比して手間がかかることである。
That is, a step of pulling out the flexible mandrel 25 from the vulcanized hose is necessary, and this drawing step is more time-consuming for a high-pressure rubber hose with a stiff reinforcing layer 13 than for a low-pressure hose.

く問題点を解決するための手段〉 本発明者は、上記問題点を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねて
ぎた結果、内管層を熱可塑性樹脂製とすればマンドレル
が不要になること(内管層の形状保持能が強くなるから
である)に気付き、内管層を熱可塑性樹脂製としてこの
内管層、補強層、及び外管層を直管状に積層した後に、
該直管状の積層物を型成形により屈曲させるこの発明に
想到した。
Means for Solving the Problems〉 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor found that if the inner tube layer was made of thermoplastic resin, the mandrel would be unnecessary (the inner tube layer would be made of thermoplastic resin). After realizing that the inner tube layer is made of thermoplastic resin and the inner tube layer, reinforcing layer, and outer tube layer are laminated in a straight tube shape,
The inventors have come up with this invention in which the straight tube-shaped laminate is bent by molding.

〈実施例〉 (第1.5.8図) 以下、この発明を実施例に基づき詳細に説明する。<Example> (Figure 1.5.8) Hereinafter, this invention will be explained in detail based on examples.

内管層2の成形工程 最初に、内管層2を熱可塑性樹脂で直管状に形成する。Molding process of inner tube layer 2 First, the inner tube layer 2 is formed from thermoplastic resin into a straight tube shape.

熱可塑性樹脂は高圧ホース1へとおす流体により適宜通
訳される。例えばブレーキホースの場合は、ポリアミド
系樹脂、フッ化エチレン系樹脂等を適用できる。内管層
2の厚さは特に限定されないが、厚くなりすぎる(1.
0mm以上)と、高圧ホース1が測管になりすぎるので
好ましくない。
The thermoplastic resin is appropriately interpreted by the fluid passed to the high pressure hose 1. For example, in the case of a brake hose, polyamide resin, fluoroethylene resin, etc. can be used. The thickness of the inner tube layer 2 is not particularly limited, but it may become too thick (1.
0 mm or more), the high-pressure hose 1 becomes too much of a pipe, which is not preferable.

例えば、弾性率が7000〜15000 K g / 
cm’のポリアミド系樹脂(ナイロン11等)で内径寸
法が2.0■、外形寸法が6111m以下、肉厚が0゜
7mm以上に形成することが好ましい(特開昭60−2
20282号公報参照)。
For example, the elastic modulus is 7000 to 15000 Kg/
It is preferable to form the polyamide resin (such as nylon 11) with an inner diameter of 2.0 mm, an outer dimension of 6111 mm or less, and a wall thickness of 0.7 mm or more (JP-A-60-2
(See Publication No. 20282).

成形方法は押出しを用いる。尚、高圧ホースの寸法が短
いときには、射出成形又はブロー成形により形成するこ
ともできる。
The molding method uses extrusion. Note that when the high-pressure hose has short dimensions, it can also be formed by injection molding or blow molding.

補強層3の成形工程 補強層3は、内管層2が形状保持能を有するまで冷却さ
れた後に、その外周面へ形成される。
Forming process of reinforcing layer 3 The reinforcing layer 3 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube layer 2 after it has been cooled until it has shape retention ability.

補強糸としてはポリビニル系(ビニロン等)、ポリエス
テル系等の合成繊維や再生繊維(レーヨン等)を用いる
ことができる。これらの補強糸を用い、ブレード機によ
り打ち込んで補強層3を形成する。この補強層3は一層
構造である。
As the reinforcing yarn, synthetic fibers such as polyvinyl (vinylon, etc.), polyester, etc., and recycled fibers (rayon, etc.) can be used. Using these reinforcing yarns, the reinforcing layer 3 is formed by driving with a blade machine. This reinforcing layer 3 has a single layer structure.

尚、内管N2をポリアミド系樹脂で形成した場合には、
内管層2側へイソシアネート系接着剤層を、補強層3側
へクロロブレンゴム層を介在せしめるとともに、補強層
3を構成する補強糸には、クロロブレンゴム系のレゾル
シンホルムアルデヒドラテックス接着剤を含浸せしめて
おくことが好ましい(特開昭61−14950号公報参
照)。
In addition, when the inner tube N2 is formed of polyamide resin,
An isocyanate adhesive layer is interposed on the inner tube layer 2 side and a chloroprene rubber layer is interposed on the reinforcing layer 3 side, and the reinforcing threads constituting the reinforcing layer 3 are impregnated with a chloroprene rubber-based resorcin formaldehyde latex adhesive. It is preferable to leave it for a long time (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 14950/1983).

外管層4の成形工程 外管層4は高分子弾性材料で、補強層3を被覆するよう
に形成される。
Molding process of the outer tube layer 4 The outer tube layer 4 is made of an elastic polymer material and is formed to cover the reinforcing layer 3.

高分子弾性材料にはEPDMやクロロブレンゴム等の合
成ゴムや、ポリオレフィン系等の熱可塑性エラストマー
を用いることができる。外管層の厚みは特に限定されな
いが、例えばブレーキホースでは飛び石、水、油等から
補強層3を保護し、一般的なホース継手を用いてかしめ
止めするのに充分子tHさく0.6〜1.5mm)を有
することが好ましい。外管層4は押出しにより補強層3
ヘカバリングされる。
Synthetic rubbers such as EPDM and chloroprene rubber, and thermoplastic elastomers such as polyolefins can be used as the polymeric elastic material. The thickness of the outer tube layer is not particularly limited, but for example, in the case of a brake hose, it is sufficient to protect the reinforcing layer 3 from flying stones, water, oil, etc., and to caulk it using a general hose joint. 1.5 mm). The outer tube layer 4 is formed into a reinforcing layer 3 by extrusion.
He is covered.

このようにして内管層2、補強層3、及び外管層4が直
管状に積層されて成る半製品のホースを所定の長さに切
断し、次の型成形工程に備える。
The semi-finished hose formed by stacking the inner tube layer 2, the reinforcing layer 3, and the outer tube layer 4 in a straight tube shape in this manner is cut into a predetermined length and prepared for the next molding process.

型成形工程 この工程は、半製品のホースを所定の形状(第5図参照
)に屈曲する工程である。尚、外管層4が合成ゴム製の
場合には、加硫工程も兼ねることとなる。
Mold forming process This process is a process in which the semi-finished hose is bent into a predetermined shape (see FIG. 5). In addition, when the outer tube layer 4 is made of synthetic rubber, it also serves as a vulcanization process.

半製品のホースを第8図に示した曲げ型27のキャビテ
ィ29ヘセツトし、ホース押え31.32で固定して加
熱する。そして、加熱条件は、外管層4が合成ゴム製の
場合にはこのゴム材料の加硫条件(例えば150℃×3
0分)にて行なう。
A semi-finished hose is placed in the cavity 29 of the bending die 27 shown in FIG. 8, fixed with hose holders 31 and 32, and heated. When the outer tube layer 4 is made of synthetic rubber, the heating conditions are the vulcanization conditions of this rubber material (for example, 150°C x 3
0 minutes).

尚、ゴム材料の加硫温度は内管層2を形成する熱可塑性
樹脂材料の軟化温度よりも高いことが一般的である。ま
た、外管層4が熱可塑性エラストマー材料製の場合には
、内管層2及び外管層4の形成材料の軟化温度に規定さ
れる。
Note that the vulcanization temperature of the rubber material is generally higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin material forming the inner tube layer 2. Further, when the outer tube layer 4 is made of a thermoplastic elastomer material, the softening temperature of the material forming the inner tube layer 2 and the outer tube layer 4 is defined.

その後、冷却(放冷等)すると、曲げ型27のキャビテ
ィ29どおりに屈曲した高圧ホースかえられる。
Thereafter, the high-pressure hose is bent into the cavity 29 of the bending mold 27 after being cooled (such as by being left to cool).

〈発明の効果〉 以上説明したように、この発明は、内管層を熱可塑性樹
脂製としてこの内管層、補強層及び高分子弾性材料製の
外管層を直管状に積層した後に、該直管状の積層物を型
成形により屈曲させることで屈曲形状の高圧ホースを製
造する。よって、該屈曲形状高圧ホースの製造工程にお
いて、従来必要とされていたマンドレルが不要になる。
<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, in the present invention, the inner tube layer is made of thermoplastic resin, and after the inner tube layer, the reinforcing layer, and the outer tube layer made of an elastic polymeric material are laminated in a straight tube shape, A bent-shaped high-pressure hose is manufactured by bending a straight pipe-shaped laminate by molding. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the bent high-pressure hose, the mandrel, which was conventionally required, becomes unnecessary.

これにより、屈曲形状高圧ホースの製造工程が簡素化さ
れる。
This simplifies the manufacturing process of the bent high pressure hose.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は内管層2が熱可塑製樹脂製であるこの発明の屈
曲形状高圧ホースの構成を示す断面図、第2図は内管層
12が合成ゴム製である従来例の高圧ホースの構成を示
す断面図、第3図は従来の車両用ブレーキホースを示す
正面図、第4図は車両のフロントサスペンションへ取付
けられたブレ−キホースを示す斜視図、第5図はこの発
明が目的とする屈曲形状のブレーキホース(高圧ホース
)11Cの正面図、第6図は第1検討案の説明図、第7
図は第2検討案におけるフレキシブルマンドレル25の
使用態様を示す断面図、第8図は同じく曲げ型27の平
面図である。 1、lla、flb、llc”−高圧ホース2.12・
・・内管層、 3.13,13a・・・補強層、 4.14・・・外管層。 特  許  出  願  人 豊田合成株式会0社 弁理±  119 艷−゛ 1゛ (−一一一・ 第3図 第4図 第5図 第6図 第7wi
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a bent high-pressure hose of the present invention in which the inner tube layer 2 is made of thermoplastic resin, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional high-pressure hose in which the inner tube layer 12 is made of synthetic rubber. 3 is a front view showing a conventional brake hose for a vehicle, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a brake hose attached to the front suspension of a vehicle, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing a conventional brake hose for a vehicle. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the first study plan, Figure 7 is a front view of the bent-shaped brake hose (high pressure hose) 11C.
The figure is a sectional view showing how the flexible mandrel 25 is used in the second study plan, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the bending die 27. 1, lla, flb, llc”-high pressure hose 2.12・
... Inner tube layer, 3.13, 13a... Reinforcement layer, 4.14... Outer tube layer. Patent application Patent attorney for Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. 0 ± 119 艷-゛1゛(-111)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 熱可塑性樹脂製の内管層、補強層、及び高分子弾性材料
製の外管層からなる屈曲形状の高圧ホースを製造する方
法であって、 前記内管層、前記補強層及び前記外管層を直管状に積層
した後に、該直管状の積層物を型成形により屈曲させる ことを特徴とする屈曲形状高圧ホースの製造方法。
[Scope of Claims] A method for manufacturing a bent high-pressure hose comprising an inner tube layer made of a thermoplastic resin, a reinforcing layer, and an outer tube layer made of an elastic polymer material, comprising: the inner tube layer, the reinforcement layer A method for producing a bent high-pressure hose, which comprises laminating the outer tube layer and the outer tube layer in a straight tube shape, and then bending the straight tube-shaped laminate by molding.
JP62105504A 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form Pending JPS63270125A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62105504A JPS63270125A (en) 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62105504A JPS63270125A (en) 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63270125A true JPS63270125A (en) 1988-11-08

Family

ID=14409431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62105504A Pending JPS63270125A (en) 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Manufacture of high-pressure hose of bent form

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63270125A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0591831A2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-13 Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. Multi-layered hose

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0591831A2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-13 Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. Multi-layered hose
EP0591831A3 (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-09-14 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd Multi-layered hose
US5664608A (en) * 1992-09-30 1997-09-09 Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. Multi-layered hose
US5823231A (en) * 1992-09-30 1998-10-20 Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. Multi-layered hose

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