JPS632629B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS632629B2 JPS632629B2 JP54104337A JP10433779A JPS632629B2 JP S632629 B2 JPS632629 B2 JP S632629B2 JP 54104337 A JP54104337 A JP 54104337A JP 10433779 A JP10433779 A JP 10433779A JP S632629 B2 JPS632629 B2 JP S632629B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- dialysate
- stock solution
- pump
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、血液透析装置に於ける透析液の自動
調製装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic dialysate preparation device for a hemodialysis machine.
血液透析装置は大きく分けて、透析液調製部、
透析液の温度、流量、圧力を監視するベツドサイ
ドモニターおよび透析器とから成立つている。中
でも透析液調製部は、透析の良否に直接影響する
透析液濃度に関る機能を有し、その動作の信頼
性、安定性が強く要求されるところである。 Hemodialysis equipment can be broadly divided into dialysate preparation section,
It consists of a bedside monitor that monitors the temperature, flow rate, and pressure of dialysate and a dialyzer. Among these, the dialysate preparation section has a function related to dialysate concentration, which directly affects the quality of dialysis, and is strongly required to have reliable and stable operation.
従来の透析液調製装置は、定量ポンプを用い、
水と透析原液（以下原液という）とをそれぞれ独
立に計量して混合するもの、計量タンクを用いて
水と原液を一定量ずつ計量し、混合するもの、稀
釈液の濃度あるいは電導度を測定することによ
り、水あるいは原液のいずれかを制御するもの等
であつた。しかし定量ポンプ式では、部品の摩
耗、シール部の液もれ、重量、騒音の点に問題が
あり、計量タンク式では、大型化、電磁弁の信頼
性、消毒の不備、システムの複雑化など、使用、
保守にあたつて幾多の問題がある。さらに定量ポ
ンプ式、計量タンク式共に、形状の小型化には限
度があり、透析液の濃度の変更に際しても操作が
複雑である、調整が困難である等の欠陥があつ
た。また、本発明と原理を同じくする、希釈液の
電導度を測定して水あるいは原液を制御する方式
のものにおいては、適当なフイドバツクが得られ
ず、発振したり、オーバー・シユート、ハンチン
グ等による濃度の不安定が問題になつており、自
動化のメリツト、小形、軽量にかかわらず普及し
ていないのが実状である。 Conventional dialysate preparation equipment uses a metering pump,
Measuring water and dialysis stock solution (hereinafter referred to as stock solution) by measuring and mixing them separately, measuring a certain amount of water and stock solution using a measuring tank and mixing them, and measuring the concentration or conductivity of the diluted solution. Depending on the situation, either the water or the stock solution could be controlled. However, the metering pump type has problems with parts wear, leakage from seals, weight, and noise, while the metering tank type has problems such as increased size, reliability of the solenoid valve, inadequate disinfection, and system complexity. ,use,
There are many problems in maintenance. Furthermore, both the metering pump type and the metering tank type have drawbacks such as there is a limit to miniaturization of the shape, and even when changing the concentration of dialysate, operations are complicated and adjustment is difficult. Furthermore, in the method of controlling the water or stock solution by measuring the conductivity of the diluted solution, which is based on the same principle as the present invention, it is not possible to obtain adequate feedback, resulting in oscillation, overshoot, hunting, etc. Instability of concentration has become a problem, and the reality is that it has not become widespread despite the advantages of automation, small size, and light weight.
本発明は透析液濃度のフイドバツクを純電子的
に行ない、この種調整装置の生命である濃度の安
定性を確保するとともに、装置の小型化、希釈比
率変更の簡易化等を図つたものである。 The present invention performs feedback of the dialysate concentration purely electronically to ensure the stability of the concentration, which is the lifeblood of this type of adjustment device, as well as to miniaturize the device and simplify changing the dilution ratio. .
次に本発明の構成および動作を図を用いて説明
する。 Next, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be explained using the drawings.
第１図は本発明の構成を示すもので、浄水供給
口１から入つた浄水は電磁弁２、定流量弁３を通
つて混合槽４に入る。一方原液は原液供給口５か
ら原液ポンプ６を経て、同じく混合槽４に入り、
そこで浄水で希釈されてホース口９から、次の透
析液の温度、圧力等の調節部に送られる。混合槽
４には濃度センサ７が組込まれており、槽内の液
の濃度を連続的に測定し、それを原液ポンプ制御
器８にイン・プツトすることによつて、混合槽内
の液の濃度に対応して、原液ポンプ６を自動的に
コントロールするようになつている。 FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the present invention, in which purified water entered from a purified water supply port 1 passes through a solenoid valve 2 and a constant flow valve 3 and enters a mixing tank 4. On the other hand, the stock solution passes through the stock solution supply port 5, the stock solution pump 6, and also enters the mixing tank 4.
There, the dialysate is diluted with purified water and sent from the hose port 9 to the next control unit for dialysate temperature, pressure, etc. A concentration sensor 7 is built into the mixing tank 4, and the concentration of the liquid in the mixing tank is continuously measured and inputted to the stock solution pump controller 8, thereby controlling the concentration of the liquid in the mixing tank. The stock solution pump 6 is automatically controlled according to the concentration.
第２図は原液ポンプ制御器内部の回路構成を示
すブロツク図である。１０は濃度計回路で、濃度
センサ７を介して測定された混合槽内の液濃度
を、電気信号としてコンパレータ１２に加える。
１１は濃度測定器で、所要濃度に相応する電気信
号がコンパレータ１２に加わり、コンパレータ中
で実際の液濃度と比較して、第３図Ｂに示すよう
なデイジタル信号を発生し、それが次の積分器１
３に加わる。積分器では、コンパレータからのデ
イジタル信号に応じて積分が行なわれ、第３図Ｃ
のような電気信号に変換されて、それが電流増巾
器１４を介して原液ポンプ駆動用直流モータ１５
に加わり、該モータの回転速度をコントロールす
る。以上が本発明の装置の基本的な機構であり、
つぎにこれに基づいて実際の動作を説明する。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal circuit configuration of the stock solution pump controller. 10 is a concentration meter circuit which applies the concentration of the liquid in the mixing tank measured via the concentration sensor 7 to the comparator 12 as an electric signal.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a concentration measuring device, in which an electrical signal corresponding to the desired concentration is applied to a comparator 12, which compares it with the actual liquid concentration to generate a digital signal as shown in FIG. Integrator 1
Join 3. The integrator performs integration according to the digital signal from the comparator, and as shown in Fig. 3C.
It is converted into an electric signal such as
and controls the rotational speed of the motor. The above is the basic mechanism of the device of the present invention,
Next, the actual operation will be explained based on this.
透析液の調製開始当初、混合槽内は空気あるい
は水洗残液で満たされており、装置の始動と同時
に電磁弁２が開いて浄水が混合槽に注入される。
混合槽の濃度センサからは濃度零の信号が、濃度
測定回路を経て原液ポンプ制御器にインプツトさ
れ、濃度設定器からの信号との差により、第３図
Ｂの１のような矩形波がコンパレータから積分器
に加わり、それが積分され電流増巾器を介して、
同図Ｄの１のような電圧が原液ポンプ駆動用モー
タに加わつて、原液の汲込みを開始する。モータ
の回転速度はＤの波形から分かるように、時間の
経過とともに増加し、混合槽への原液の注加速度
を徐々に増す。これに対応して、混合槽内の液の
濃度もＡの１のように零からスタートして漸次増
加し、やがて設定濃度に等しくなる。この時点で
コンパレータの出力は正から負に変化するが、若
干の応答遅れのため液濃度はさらに増加する。し
かしコンパレータからの出力が負になつた時点か
ら、積分器の出力電圧はＣの２のように減少し始
め、それにともなつてモータの回転速度も減少
し、原液の注加量を減じて液濃度が低下する。こ
の制御動作を繰返しながら液濃度が漸次設定濃度
に近ずき、平衡状態となつて濃度が安定する。 At the beginning of preparation of dialysate, the inside of the mixing tank is filled with air or residual water from washing, and at the same time as the apparatus is started, the solenoid valve 2 is opened and purified water is injected into the mixing tank.
A zero concentration signal from the concentration sensor in the mixing tank is input to the stock solution pump controller via the concentration measurement circuit, and due to the difference with the signal from the concentration setting device, a rectangular wave like 1 in Figure 3B is output to the comparator. is added to the integrator, which is integrated and passed through the current amplifier,
A voltage such as 1 in FIG. D is applied to the stock solution pump driving motor to start pumping the stock solution. As can be seen from the waveform D, the rotational speed of the motor increases over time, gradually increasing the rate of injection of the stock solution into the mixing tank. Correspondingly, the concentration of the liquid in the mixing tank also starts from zero as shown in A1, gradually increases, and eventually becomes equal to the set concentration. At this point, the output of the comparator changes from positive to negative, but the liquid concentration further increases due to a slight response delay. However, from the point at which the output from the comparator becomes negative, the output voltage of the integrator begins to decrease as shown in C2, and the rotational speed of the motor also decreases, reducing the amount of stock solution added. concentration decreases. While repeating this control operation, the liquid concentration gradually approaches the set concentration, reaches an equilibrium state, and becomes stable.
使用中に液濃度が何らかの原因で変化すると、
設定濃度との比較により、濃い時には、コンパレ
ータからの信号は負になつて、積分器の出力電圧
は減少し液濃度が低下するように作用する。また
薄くなつた時は、積分器に正の信号が加わり、モ
ータへの入力電圧が増加するように作用して、液
濃度を設定濃度に近ずける。このように調製され
た透析液濃度を常に設定濃度と比較することによ
り、液濃度の変化を修正する方向に原液ポンプを
作動させ、濃度の安定性を確保するようになつて
いる。この場合、コンパレータからの信号を積分
する積分器の時定数が、制御系の安定性に重大な
影響を与える。すなわち、応答過度（時定数が
小）の場合には、設定濃度値を基準に液濃度が大
きなハンチングを生じ、また、応答不足（時定数
が大）の時は、設定値に達しないオフセツトを生
ずる。本装置においては、積分器における時定数
を透析液の流量によつても変わる系の応答特性に
合せて変えることができる設計になつており、本
装置の使用に先立つて実験的に設定するようにし
ている。 If the liquid concentration changes for some reason during use,
By comparison with the set concentration, when the concentration is high, the signal from the comparator becomes negative, the output voltage of the integrator decreases, and the concentration of the liquid decreases. When the liquid becomes thin, a positive signal is applied to the integrator, which acts to increase the input voltage to the motor, bringing the liquid concentration closer to the set concentration. By constantly comparing the dialysate concentration prepared in this way with a set concentration, the stock solution pump is operated in a direction to correct changes in the solution concentration, thereby ensuring stability of the concentration. In this case, the time constant of the integrator that integrates the signal from the comparator has a significant effect on the stability of the control system. In other words, in the case of excessive response (small time constant), large hunting occurs in the liquid concentration based on the set concentration value, and in the case of insufficient response (large time constant), an offset that does not reach the set value is generated. arise. This device is designed so that the time constant in the integrator can be changed in accordance with the response characteristics of the system, which also changes depending on the flow rate of dialysate, and can be set experimentally before using this device. I have to.
なお原液ポンプとしては安全衛生上の配慮か
ら、チユーブ狭圧式のローラ・ポンプを使用して
おり、駆動トルクの大きいこの種のポンプを小形
にするため、本装置においてはポンプ駆動に起動
トルクの大きい直流モータを採用している点も大
きな特色である。 For safety and health considerations, a tube narrow-pressure roller pump is used as the stock solution pump.In order to downsize this type of pump, which requires a large driving torque, this device uses a pump that requires a large starting torque to drive the pump. Another major feature is that it uses a DC motor.
以上に詳説したように、本発明は自動制御の最
も困難とされている、一過性溶液の濃度コントロ
ールを、極めて簡単な機構で実現した点に大きな
特長があり、安価で小形、軽量な装置の実用化に
資するところ大である。また性能面においても、
実用上十分な濃度の設定精度、安定性を有し、所
要濃度を容易にかつ適確に設定できる機構を備え
ている点も従来品にみられない特長である。 As explained in detail above, the present invention has the major advantage of realizing concentration control of transient solutions, which is considered to be the most difficult automatic control, with an extremely simple mechanism, and is an inexpensive, small, and lightweight device. This greatly contributes to the practical application of the technology. Also, in terms of performance,
Another feature not found in conventional products is that it has practically sufficient concentration setting accuracy and stability, and is equipped with a mechanism that allows easy and accurate setting of the required concentration.
第１図本発明の装置の構成図、第２図原液ポン
プ制御システムのブロツク図、第３図出力電気信
号の波形図。
１……浄水供給口、４……混合槽、５……原液
供給口、６……原液ポンプ、７……濃度センサ、
８……原液ポンプ制御部、１１……濃度設定器、
１２……コンパレータ、１３……積分器、１４…
…電流増巾器、１５……直流モータ。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a stock pump control system, and FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of an output electric signal. 1... Purified water supply port, 4... Mixing tank, 5... Stock solution supply port, 6... Stock solution pump, 7... Concentration sensor,
8... Stock solution pump control unit, 11... Concentration setting device,
12... Comparator, 13... Integrator, 14...
...Current amplifier, 15...DC motor.
Claims (1)
液原液をポンプにより注加、混合して所要濃度の
透析液を調製する装置において、透析原液の注入
に直流モータ駆動のチユーブ挾圧式ローラ・ポン
プを用い、調製透析液の濃度を連続的に測定し、
該液濃度を電気信号に変換して濃度設定器からの
電気信号とともにコンパレータに加え、液濃度の
設定濃度に対する大小関係に応じてコンパレータ
から出力されるそれぞれ負および正のパルスを、
制御系の安定性の面から、系の応答特性に適合さ
せて設定できる時定数を有する積分器にて積分し
それの出力を電流増巾器を介して、透析原液注入
ポンプ駆動用の直流モータに加えて、調製透析液
の濃度変化に応じて、モータの回転速度を自動的
に制御することを特徴とする人工腎用透析液調製
装置。1. In a device that supplies purified water through a constant flow valve, and injects and mixes the dialysate stock solution with a pump to prepare the dialysate of the required concentration, a tube clamping type roller driven by a DC motor is used to inject the dialysate stock solution. Continuously measure the concentration of the prepared dialysate using a pump,
The liquid concentration is converted into an electric signal and applied to a comparator together with the electric signal from the concentration setting device, and negative and positive pulses are outputted from the comparator depending on the magnitude relationship of the liquid concentration with respect to the set concentration, respectively.
From the viewpoint of stability of the control system, an integrator with a time constant that can be set according to the response characteristics of the system is used to integrate the output, and the output is passed through a current amplifier to a DC motor for driving the dialysis stock solution injection pump. A dialysate preparation device for an artificial kidney, characterized in that, in addition to the above, the rotational speed of the motor is automatically controlled according to changes in the concentration of the prepared dialysate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10433779A JPS5628767A (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Device for preparing dialyzing liquid for artificial kidney |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10433779A JPS5628767A (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Device for preparing dialyzing liquid for artificial kidney |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5628767A JPS5628767A (en) | 1981-03-20 |
| JPS632629B2 true JPS632629B2 (en) | 1988-01-20 |
Family
ID=14378108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10433779A Granted JPS5628767A (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Device for preparing dialyzing liquid for artificial kidney |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5628767A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3223051C2 (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1984-09-13 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Dialysis device with regulated dialysis solution |
| JP6892602B2 (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2021-06-23 | 澁谷工業株式会社 | Component monitoring method in dialysate preparation system |
-
1979
- 1979-08-16 JP JP10433779A patent/JPS5628767A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5628767A (en) | 1981-03-20 |
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