JPS63243528A - Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch - Google Patents

Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch

Info

Publication number
JPS63243528A
JPS63243528A JP62075598A JP7559887A JPS63243528A JP S63243528 A JPS63243528 A JP S63243528A JP 62075598 A JP62075598 A JP 62075598A JP 7559887 A JP7559887 A JP 7559887A JP S63243528 A JPS63243528 A JP S63243528A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
clutch
engine
valve
hydraulic
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP62075598A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akio Makino
牧野 彰夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP62075598A priority Critical patent/JPS63243528A/en
Publication of JPS63243528A publication Critical patent/JPS63243528A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly perform connection of a clutch at the time of starting or after gear shifting by providing a clutch characteristic having a slip state at the early stage of reconnection at the time of starting and after gear shifting. CONSTITUTION:When oil pressure is worked on a piston 6 through a valve 16, pressing force from which the force of a spring 22 is subtracted works on a clutch. Accordingly, if a friction coefficient of the clutch is constant, transmission torque is obtained in the clutch. On the other hand, the friction coefficient of a clutch plate changes with material quality and used oil. Accordingly, the clutch accelerates two shafts while slipping to be direct-coupled and accelerated. The third speed and fourth speed shifting are similarly conducted. Accordingly, even if there is a rotational difference between an engine and two shafts after shifting, the clutch is coupled while slipping not to cause a sudden coupling, so that reconnection of the clutch can be automatically performed smoothly.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は内燃機関で駆動される走行車両用のクラッチ、
歯車変速機の自動化に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a clutch for a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine;
Concerning automation of gear transmissions.

建設機械、トラック、乗用車などに使われている乾式ク
ラッチにはクラッチ操作の自動化や寿命の増大の要望が
ある。しかし乾式クラッチは結合中に摩擦係数が大きく
変化する性質があるため、滑らかな発進やギヤソフト後
のクラッチ再結合を自動的に行うことは本質的に難しく
、種々の微細な制御装置を付けても滑らかな走行が得ら
れぬことが多い。トルクコンバータなどの流体式変速機
は解決の一つになるが高価になる欠点がある。
For dry clutches used in construction machinery, trucks, passenger cars, etc., there are demands for automated clutch operation and increased service life. However, since dry clutches have the property that the coefficient of friction changes greatly during engagement, it is essentially difficult to automatically perform a smooth start or reengage the clutch after gear softing, and even with various minute control devices, Smooth running is often not achieved. Hydrodynamic transmissions such as torque converters are one solution, but they have the disadvantage of being expensive.

本発明は油圧クラッチを使用して、発進時やギヤシフト
後の再結合を調整装置なしで流体式と同じ滑らかさで自
動的に行い、クラッチの耐久性も格段に向上する自動ク
ラッチ部を提供し、これにより全自動作動のギヤミツノ
ミ1ンの製作を簡単に可能にすることを目的としている
The present invention provides an automatic clutch section that uses a hydraulic clutch to automatically reconnect when starting or after a gear shift with the same smoothness as a hydraulic clutch without an adjustment device, and which greatly improves the durability of the clutch. The purpose of this is to make it possible to easily manufacture a fully automatic gear mitsunomination.

第1図は本発明の原理を応用した自動クラッチ113分
を示し、第2図はその特性図を示す。フライホイール2
は内燃機関のクランク軸lより駆動され、ごれに油圧で
作動するクラッチピストン6が組み込まれたピストンケ
ース5とクラッチカバー8が取付けられ、単または複数
枚のクラッチ相手板9はクラッチケース7に、単または
複数枚のクラッチ板lOはクラッチハブ11にそれぞれ
スプラインなどで取付られている。クラッチハブIfは
クラッチ袖4のスプライン19に結合され、それに油路
20が設けられて、クラッチケース12の油路23より
の圧力油をクラッチピストン6に送る役をする。クラッ
チケースI2はフライホイールケース3に固定され、そ
れに圧力管14、潤滑管17が取付られている。クラッ
チカバー8に適量に入れた作動油は機関の回転に従って
外周に付着して一体回転するが、その油中に圧力管14
、潤滑管I7の先端開口部を挿入して回転油をくみ出す
構造にしである。圧力管14よりの油は油路15を経て
バルブ16におくられ、潤滑管17よりの浦はクラッチ
ハブ11の空洞21に送られクラッチを潤滑する。バネ
22はクラッチピストン6を反す役をする。第2図は圧
力管14内に発生ずる油圧を図示したもので、管内に流
れのないときは機関の回転数の自乗に比例した静圧が発
生ずる。この油圧をバルブI6を通してピストン6に作
用させるとクラッチにはバネ22の力Sを差し引いた押
付力が作用する。そのためクラッチの摩擦係数が一定で
あればクラッチには第3図のAB線に比例した伝達トル
クが得られる。一方りラッヂ板の摩擦係数はその材質や
使用油により変化する。第4図の1は乾式クラッチ、2
と3は油浸クラッチの例を示す。2は動摩擦と静摩擦係
数がほとんど変化しない。このようなクラッチ板を使用
すれば、伝達トルクはクラッチ押付力に比例した値とな
る。第5図はその状態を示しスリップ100Xからスリ
ップO% までが、はぼ密集した伝達トルク線となる。
FIG. 1 shows an automatic clutch 113 to which the principle of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 shows its characteristic diagram. flywheel 2
is driven by the crankshaft l of an internal combustion engine, and a piston case 5 in which a clutch piston 6 operated by hydraulic pressure is incorporated and a clutch cover 8 are attached, and one or more clutch mating plates 9 are attached to the clutch case 7. , one or more clutch plates lO are each attached to the clutch hub 11 by splines or the like. The clutch hub If is connected to the spline 19 of the clutch sleeve 4 and is provided with an oil passage 20, which serves to send pressure oil from the oil passage 23 of the clutch case 12 to the clutch piston 6. The clutch case I2 is fixed to the flywheel case 3, and a pressure pipe 14 and a lubricating pipe 17 are attached to it. An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is put into the clutch cover 8, and as the engine rotates, it adheres to the outer periphery and rotates as a unit.
The structure is such that the tip opening of the lubricating pipe I7 is inserted to pump out the rotary oil. The oil from the pressure pipe 14 is sent to the valve 16 via the oil line 15, and the oil from the lubricating pipe 17 is sent to the cavity 21 of the clutch hub 11 to lubricate the clutch. The spring 22 serves to counteract the clutch piston 6. FIG. 2 shows the hydraulic pressure generated within the pressure pipe 14. When there is no flow within the pipe, static pressure is generated that is proportional to the square of the engine rotational speed. When this oil pressure is applied to the piston 6 through the valve I6, a pressing force minus the force S of the spring 22 acts on the clutch. Therefore, if the friction coefficient of the clutch is constant, a transmitted torque proportional to line AB in FIG. 3 can be obtained in the clutch. On the other hand, the friction coefficient of the ludge plate changes depending on its material and the oil used. 1 in Figure 4 is a dry clutch, 2
and 3 show examples of oil-immersed clutches. 2, the dynamic friction and static friction coefficients hardly change. If such a clutch plate is used, the transmitted torque will have a value proportional to the clutch pressing force. FIG. 5 shows this state, and from the slip 100X to the slip 0%, the transmitted torque lines are very densely packed.

第5図のA点は戻しバネ22の強弱を変更するかバルブ
I6内の減圧弁を調整することにより容易に変更出来る
(図示せず)また第5図は実例値を記入し、さらに機関
のスロットル開度差による機関トルクも記入してあり、
流体継手の入力特性図と同様のものとなる。
Point A in Fig. 5 can be easily changed by changing the strength of the return spring 22 or adjusting the pressure reducing valve in the valve I6 (not shown). The engine torque due to the difference in throttle opening is also recorded.
This is similar to the input characteristic diagram of a fluid coupling.

スロットル開度4/4のときB点まで機関は無負荷で回
転し、クラッチピストン6にはB点に相当する油圧が作
用するので、この点よりクラッチを押し始めてクラッチ
は滑りながら車両を加速する。この間、機関回転はB点
に止どまる。その後クラッチ軸の回転数が機関回転数と
同一になると(スリップ0%)BC線に沿って滑りなく
車両を加速する。スロットル3/4.2/4.1/4の
ときも同じくほぼAB線上でクラッチの結合が行われ、
スリップは100%から0%までこの線上で変化したあ
と直結状態で車両を加速する。この結合は浦の存在のた
め極めて滑らかで、しかも結合はスロットル開度だけで
一義的に決まり他に調整装置を必要としないので便利な
自動クラッチとなる。なおA点は機関のアイドル回転数
より少し高い値にしであるため機関の回転が下がると自
動的にクラッチは解放されてエンストは起こらない。
When the throttle opening is 4/4, the engine rotates without load until point B, and the hydraulic pressure corresponding to point B acts on the clutch piston 6, so the clutch starts to be pushed from this point, and the clutch accelerates the vehicle while slipping. . During this time, the engine rotation remains at point B. After that, when the clutch shaft rotation speed becomes the same as the engine rotation speed (slip 0%), the vehicle is accelerated along the BC line without slipping. Similarly, when the throttle is 3/4.2/4.1/4, the clutch is engaged almost on the AB line.
After the slip changes from 100% to 0% on this line, the vehicle is accelerated in a direct connection state. This connection is extremely smooth due to the presence of the ura, and the connection is determined solely by the throttle opening and does not require any other adjusting device, making it a convenient automatic clutch. Note that point A is set to a value slightly higher than the idle speed of the engine, so when the engine speed decreases, the clutch is automatically released and engine stall does not occur.

第6図はギャシフトをしつつ走行するときの機関回転数
の変化を示す。スロットル4/4のときは第5図のB点
で第−速の発進が始まり、機関の回転数はl 500 
r pmで車体を滑りながら加速しくa−b)、bでク
ラッチは完全に結合して、その後はスリップなしでb−
c間を加速する。0点で機関をアイドル回転としバルブ
16でクラッチピストン6への油圧を遮断してクラッチ
を解放しギヤを第2速にした後スロットルを元の4/4
にする(自動または手動)。このとき2軸側の回転数は
11000rpであるからスリップは33%であり、機
関は第5図の8点上にある。クラッチはここでスリップ
しつつ2軸を加速しくd−e)0点で直結してfまで加
速する。第3速、第4速のシフトも同じように行われ、
図の太線に示す回転数変化となる。これはシフト後、機
関と2軸間に回転差があってもAB線上で滑りながら結
合するので急激な結合は起こらず、従って滑らかに自動
的にクラッチの再結合が行われ、この間、機関の回転数
やトルクまたは2軸側回転数の検出や同期などの調整が
全く必要でないことを5き味する。
FIG. 6 shows changes in the engine speed when the vehicle is traveling while performing a gear shift. When the throttle is 4/4, the start of the -th speed begins at point B in Figure 5, and the engine speed is l 500.
Accelerate while sliding on the car body at r pm a-b), the clutch is fully engaged at b, and then b- without slipping.
Accelerate between c. At the 0 point, the engine is set to idle, the valve 16 cuts off the hydraulic pressure to the clutch piston 6, the clutch is released, the gear is set to 2nd gear, and the throttle is returned to 4/4.
(automatically or manually). At this time, the rotation speed on the second shaft side is 11,000 rpm, so the slip is 33%, and the engine is above the 8 point in FIG. The clutch slips at this point and accelerates the two axes, directly connecting them at point d and e) and accelerating to f. 3rd and 4th gear shifts are done in the same way.
The rotational speed changes as shown by the thick line in the figure. This means that even if there is a rotational difference between the engine and the two shafts after a shift, the two shafts will be connected while sliding on line AB, so a sudden connection will not occur, and therefore the clutch will be reconnected smoothly and automatically. Note that there is no need for any adjustment such as detection or synchronization of rotation speed, torque, or rotation speed on the two-axis side.

またl/4スロツトルのときの状態も点線で示してあり
、太線と点線の間に一般の加速状態があるが、いずれも
発進やシフト後の再結合では自動的に滑らかな結合が得
られる。
The state at 1/4 throttle is also shown by the dotted line, and there are general acceleration states between the thick line and the dotted line, but in both cases, a smooth connection is automatically obtained when starting or reconnecting after a shift.

この場合、第6図にあるようにシフト後の再結合ではク
ラッチを少し滑らせる状態にすることか再結合時のショ
ック、ジャークなどの防止に有効である。そのため第5
図の結合線を機関特性やギヤ比に合わせて変更する必要
がある。第7図はその状態を示したもので圧力管I4の
長さを長くするとC線になり短くするとD線になる。ま
た戻しバネ22の強さをかえるとSが変わる。さらにこ
れらはバルブ16に減圧弁を設けることによっても実施
できる(図示せず)。
In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, it is effective to allow the clutch to slip slightly during reconnection after shifting, or to prevent shocks and jerks during reconnection. Therefore, the fifth
It is necessary to change the connection line in the diagram to match the engine characteristics and gear ratio. FIG. 7 shows this state. When the length of the pressure pipe I4 is lengthened, it becomes line C, and when it is shortened, it becomes line D. Also, by changing the strength of the return spring 22, S changes. Furthermore, these can also be implemented by providing a pressure reducing valve in the valve 16 (not shown).

ギヤミッションの自動化では乾式クラッチの摩擦係数が
結合中に大きく変わるため、種々の制御装置を使用して
も発進や再結合時の不快感を防ぐことは極めて難しいが
、本原理を使えば全く自動的にアクセルペダルだけでク
ラッチの結合が滑らかに出来るので、ギヤミッションの
自動化は極めて容易となり、ただシフト時に機関をアイ
ドルにしプ〔lグラムによりギヤのシフトを行うなどの
機構を付けることで達成できる(図示せず)。さらにク
ラッチ部は小形であるため従来のクラッチ部と置換可能
であり、また?l]1浸のためクラッチ寿命は格段に増
加するなどの利点かえられる。
When automating a gear transmission, the friction coefficient of the dry clutch changes greatly during engagement, so it is extremely difficult to prevent discomfort when starting or re-engaging, even if various control devices are used. However, using this principle, it can be completely automated. Since the clutch can be engaged smoothly using only the accelerator pedal, it is extremely easy to automate the gear transmission, and this can be achieved simply by adding a mechanism that allows the engine to idle during a shift and shifts the gear using a program. (not shown). Furthermore, since the clutch part is small, it can be replaced with a conventional clutch part. l] Since the clutch is immersed in one immersion, the life of the clutch can be significantly increased.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の原理を応用した遠心油圧式自動クラッ
チの断面図例、第2図は遠心油圧説明図、第3図はクラ
ッチ押付力図、第4図は摩擦係数図、第5図はクラッチ
のトルク特性図、第6図はギヤシフト時の機関回転数変
化図を示す。 特許出願人   牧 野 彰 夫 桑i 図 0     スベリ遁じ委 奉4履 第6ご 秦7コ 手続補正書 l、事件の表示  昭和62年特許願第75598号2
、発明の名称  遠心油圧式自動クラッチ3、補正をす
る者 住所  同上 氏名  同」二 5、補正命令の日付  昭和62年6月30日6、補正
の対象 明細書の図面の簡単な説明の欄74補正の内容 明細書の8頁の12行の
Fig. 1 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch applying the principles of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of centrifugal hydraulic pressure, Fig. 3 is a clutch pressing force diagram, Fig. 4 is a coefficient of friction diagram, and Fig. 5 6 shows a torque characteristic diagram of the clutch, and FIG. 6 shows a diagram of changes in engine speed during gear shifting. Patent Applicant Akira Makino Fukui Figure 0 Suberi Toji Commission 4th Edition 6th Goqin 7th Procedural Amendment I, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 75598 of 1988 2
, Title of the invention Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch 3 Address of person making the amendment Name Same as above 25 Date of amendment order June 30, 1985 6 Subject of amendment Brief description of drawings in the specification column 74 Line 12 of page 8 of the statement of contents of the amendment

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 本文に詳記し図面に例示するように、内燃機関用歯車変
速機のクラッチ部に油圧作動のクラッチを設け、そのク
ラッチを機関と同一または比例して回転する回転ケース
で覆い、その中に入れた作動油中に固定管を挿入して、
その先端の開口部より遠心油圧を取り出して外部より遮
断可能なバルブを経てクラッチの作動を行い、また油圧
ピストンに戻しバネを取り付けるか、または前記バルブ
に減圧弁を設けて、機関の回転数の低いときは油圧ピス
トンが作動しないようにした油圧クラッチに、戻しバネ
や固定管長またはバルブを調整して、機関のスロットル
全域で、発進時およびギヤシフト後の再結合の初期に、
スリップ状態が存在するようなクラッチ特性にすること
を特徴とする遠心油圧式自動クラッチ。
As detailed in the text and illustrated in the drawings, a hydraulically operated clutch is provided in the clutch section of a gear transmission for an internal combustion engine, and the clutch is covered with a rotating case that rotates at the same rate or in proportion to the engine, and is placed inside the clutch. Insert the fixed tube into the hydraulic oil,
The centrifugal hydraulic pressure is taken out from the opening at the tip, passes through a valve that can be shut off from the outside, and operates the clutch.Then, the centrifugal hydraulic pressure is returned to the hydraulic piston, and a spring is attached to it, or a pressure reducing valve is provided to the valve to reduce the engine speed. A hydraulic clutch that prevents the hydraulic piston from operating when the pressure is low is adjusted by a return spring, fixed pipe length, or valve to prevent the hydraulic piston from operating when the engine is running low, and to adjust the return spring, fixed pipe length, or valve to prevent the hydraulic piston from operating when the hydraulic piston is low.
A centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch characterized by having clutch characteristics such that a slip condition exists.
JP62075598A 1987-03-27 1987-03-27 Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch Pending JPS63243528A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62075598A JPS63243528A (en) 1987-03-27 1987-03-27 Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62075598A JPS63243528A (en) 1987-03-27 1987-03-27 Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63243528A true JPS63243528A (en) 1988-10-11

Family

ID=13580799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62075598A Pending JPS63243528A (en) 1987-03-27 1987-03-27 Centrifugal hydraulic automatic clutch

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63243528A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016125649A (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-11 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Clutch control method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016125649A (en) * 2015-01-08 2016-07-11 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Clutch control method

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