JPS63237349A - Organic electrolyte cell - Google Patents

Organic electrolyte cell

Info

Publication number
JPS63237349A
JPS63237349A JP62072438A JP7243887A JPS63237349A JP S63237349 A JPS63237349 A JP S63237349A JP 62072438 A JP62072438 A JP 62072438A JP 7243887 A JP7243887 A JP 7243887A JP S63237349 A JPS63237349 A JP S63237349A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery case
battery
organic electrolyte
aluminum layer
positive electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP62072438A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hidesuke Oguro
小黒 秀祐
Toshihiko Ikehata
敏彦 池畠
Masaki Nakai
中井 正樹
Nobuharu Koshiba
信晴 小柴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP62072438A priority Critical patent/JPS63237349A/en
Publication of JPS63237349A publication Critical patent/JPS63237349A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1243Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the internal coating on the casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119Metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/131Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas-permeability or size
    • H01M50/133Thickness
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the reduction of the long-term reliability of a cell caused by the corrosion of a cell case by providing an aluminum layer in the cell case. CONSTITUTION:An aluminum layer 7a is provided in a bottomed cylindrical cell case 7. The corrosion resistance of the cell case 7 can thereby be improved, and an excellent organic electrolyte cell with high reliability can be obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、リチウム等の軽金属を負極活物質とする有機
電解液電池の改良に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an improvement in an organic electrolyte battery using a light metal such as lithium as a negative electrode active material.

従来の技術 近年、有機電解液電池は、他の電池系に比べてエネルギ
ー密度が高いことから小型・軽量化が行なわれ、時計等
の小型機器の電源として広く用いられている。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, organic electrolyte batteries have been made smaller and lighter because they have a higher energy density than other battery systems, and are widely used as power sources for small devices such as watches.

一般的に、この種の電池の負極活物質としては、リチウ
ムを用いており、正極活物質としては、ハロゲン化金属
、酸化物、非金属ハロゲン化物、活性炭等などが用いら
れている。また、有機電解液としては、炭酸プロピレン
、γ−ブチロラクトン。
Generally, lithium is used as the negative electrode active material of this type of battery, and metal halides, oxides, nonmetal halides, activated carbon, etc. are used as the positive electrode active material. Further, as the organic electrolyte, propylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone are used.

ジメトキシエタン等のうち、1種類あるいは2種類以上
の混合液罠過塩素酸リチウム、はうふつ化リチウム等を
溶解したものを用いている。
A mixed solution of one or more types of dimethoxyethane, etc., containing lithium perchlorate, lithium sulfide, etc., is used.

このような有機電解液電池の従来の一例を第3図に示す
A conventional example of such an organic electrolyte battery is shown in FIG.

第3図において、1は正極端子を兼ねる有底円筒状のニ
ッケルメッキ鋼あるいはニッケルからなる電池ケースで
ある。この電池ケース1の内底部には、正極活物質のふ
っ化炭素と導電剤のカーボンブラックと結着剤のふっ素
樹脂との混合物からなる正極2を設けている。この正極
2の上には、ポリプロピレン不織布からなるセパレータ
3を設けている。このセパレータ3の上には、リチウム
を活物質とする負極4を設けている。この負極4の上に
は、負極端子を兼ねる封口板5を設けており、この封口
板6の周縁部を絶縁体からなるガスケット6を介して電
池ケース1でかしめて封口板5を電池ケース1に固定し
ている。なお、有機電解液としては、炭酸プロピレンと
1.2−ジメトキシエタンとの混合溶媒にほうふつ化リ
チウムを溶解させたものを使用している。
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a battery case made of nickel-plated steel or nickel and having a bottomed cylindrical shape and also serving as a positive terminal. A positive electrode 2 made of a mixture of fluorocarbon as a positive electrode active material, carbon black as a conductive agent, and fluororesin as a binder is provided at the inner bottom of the battery case 1. A separator 3 made of polypropylene nonwoven fabric is provided on the positive electrode 2. On this separator 3, a negative electrode 4 containing lithium as an active material is provided. A sealing plate 5 that also serves as a negative electrode terminal is provided on the negative electrode 4. The peripheral edge of the sealing plate 6 is caulked with the battery case 1 via a gasket 6 made of an insulator, and the sealing plate 5 is attached to the battery case 1. It is fixed at The organic electrolyte used is one in which lithium fluoride is dissolved in a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 しかし、このような従来の構成の電池において、正極と
電気的に接続されかつ電解液と接する部分、つまりこの
電池において電池ケース1の形成材料の選択が大きな問
題となる。例えば、従来例のようにニッケルメッキ鋼や
ニッケル等をこの電池ケース1の材料に用いると保存期
間中に容量劣化が発生する。これは、これらのニッケル
等の金属が電解液に溶解し、イオン化傾向の差のために
リチウム表面にニッケル等の金属が析出し、リチウムを
溶解させるためである。これらの問題を解決するために
、特開昭51−89135号盃報にてニッケルを含まず
、クロムを20重量係以上含む鋼を電池ケースに用いる
ことが提案された。この材料を電池に用いると、耐食性
、加工性は一応満足のゆく結果が得られたが、80°C
以上の高温で長期間保存した場合に容量劣化が確認され
た。これは、高温長期間という条件下では、ニッケルメ
ッキ鋼と同様に、電解液中へのケース材料の溶解が発生
するためである。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in a battery having such a conventional configuration, the selection of the material for forming the battery case 1, which is the part electrically connected to the positive electrode and in contact with the electrolyte, is a major problem. Become. For example, if nickel-plated steel, nickel, or the like is used as the material for the battery case 1 as in the conventional example, capacity deterioration occurs during the storage period. This is because these metals such as nickel are dissolved in the electrolytic solution, and due to the difference in ionization tendency, metals such as nickel are deposited on the lithium surface and dissolve the lithium. In order to solve these problems, it was proposed in JP-A-51-89135 to use steel that does not contain nickel and contains chromium of 20% or more by weight for battery cases. When this material was used in batteries, satisfactory results were obtained in terms of corrosion resistance and processability, but
Capacity deterioration was confirmed when stored at higher temperatures for a long period of time. This is because, under conditions of high temperature and long periods of time, the case material dissolves into the electrolyte, similar to nickel-plated steel.

また、アルミニウムを電池ケースに用いた場合、保存特
性は満足できるが電池ケースとしての強度が得られず実
用は不可能である。
Further, when aluminum is used for the battery case, although the storage characteristics are satisfactory, the strength as a battery case cannot be obtained and it is impossible to put it into practical use.

本発明は、このような問題点を解決するもので、電池ケ
ースの腐食による電池の長期信頼性の低下を防止するこ
とができる有機電解液電池を提供することを目的とする
The present invention solves these problems and aims to provide an organic electrolyte battery that can prevent deterioration in long-term reliability of the battery due to corrosion of the battery case.

問題点を解決するだめの手段 このような従来の問題点を解決するために本発明は、正
極と電気的に接続された電池ケースの少なくとも内面に
アルミニウム層を設けた構成にするものである。
Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve these conventional problems, the present invention provides a structure in which an aluminum layer is provided on at least the inner surface of the battery case electrically connected to the positive electrode.

作用 上記構成によれば、電池ケース内面のアルミニウム層が
有機電解液および正極と直接触れることになる。この場
合、アルミニウム層の表面が酸素と反応して形成された
耐食性に富む酸化物層で覆われているため、従来の電池
ケースのように、有機電解液へ溶解することがない。ま
た、アルミニウム層を電池ケースに設けているため、電
池ケースの強度を低下させない。
Effect: According to the above configuration, the aluminum layer on the inner surface of the battery case comes into direct contact with the organic electrolyte and the positive electrode. In this case, since the surface of the aluminum layer is covered with a highly corrosion-resistant oxide layer formed by reacting with oxygen, it does not dissolve into the organic electrolyte unlike conventional battery cases. Furthermore, since the aluminum layer is provided on the battery case, the strength of the battery case is not reduced.

実施例 以下、本発明の一実施例を第1図および第2図にもとづ
いて説明する。
EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2.

第1図において、従来のものと同じ構成の部分について
は従来例(第3図)と同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略
する。
In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as in the conventional example (FIG. 3) are given to the parts having the same configuration as in the conventional example, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

本実施例の特徴とする構成は、有底円筒状の電池ケース
7の内面にアルミニウム層T&を設けたことである。そ
して、アルミニウム層7aの厚さを10μm、電池ケー
ス7の厚さを0.3肩肩として、電池ケース7を鉄、ニ
ッケル、ステンレス鋼のそれぞれで形成し、直径20闘
、高さ2朋の電池A。
The feature of this embodiment is that an aluminum layer T& is provided on the inner surface of the battery case 7 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom. Then, the battery case 7 is made of iron, nickel, and stainless steel, with the thickness of the aluminum layer 7a being 10 μm, and the thickness of the battery case 7 being 0.3 μm. Battery A.

B、Cをそれぞれ試作した。これらの各電池A。B and C were prototyped respectively. Each of these batteries A.

B、Cの容量を、θO’C,80°Cの各温度でそれぞ
れ1力月と3力月保存したものと、保存前のものについ
て、抵抗30にΩ、20’C雰囲気、終止電圧2.5v
の条件で測定した。なお、比較例として、アルミニウム
層を設けてなく、電池ケースをニッケルめっき鋼、クロ
ムを20%含有しているステンレス鋼、アルミニウムか
ら形成している以外は同じ構成の従来の電池り、R,F
についても、上述した条件と同じ条件で容量を測定した
。これらの結果を次表に示す。
The capacitances of B and C were stored for 1 month and 3 months at each temperature of θO'C and 80°C, respectively, and for the capacitance before storage, the resistance was 30 Ω, the atmosphere was 20'C, and the final voltage was 2. .5v
Measured under the following conditions. As a comparative example, conventional battery cells R and F with the same configuration except that no aluminum layer was provided and the battery case was made of nickel-plated steel, stainless steel containing 20% chromium, and aluminum were used.
The capacity was also measured under the same conditions as described above. These results are shown in the table below.

(以下余白) 表から明らかなように、アルミニウム層7aをステンレ
ス鋼からなる電池ケース7に設けたものが、アルミニウ
ムで電池ケースを形成したものと同じ特性を示し、他の
電池B、C,D、Eよりも有機電解液に対する耐食性に
優れていることがわかった。そして、ステンレス鋼から
なる電池ケース7にアルミニウム層7&を設けるため、
アルミニウムのみで電池ケースを形成したものよりも、
電池ケース7の強度を向上させることができる。
(Left space below) As is clear from the table, the battery case 7 made of stainless steel with the aluminum layer 7a exhibits the same characteristics as the battery case made of aluminum, and other batteries B, C, and D , E was found to have better corrosion resistance to organic electrolytes than E. Then, in order to provide the aluminum layer 7 & on the battery case 7 made of stainless steel,
Compared to a battery case made only of aluminum,
The strength of the battery case 7 can be improved.

なお、ステンレス鋼としては、オーステナイト系、フェ
ライト系、マルテンサイト系等のどのステンレス鋼につ
いても同様な効果を得ることができた。
Note that similar effects could be obtained with any stainless steel such as austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steel.

次に、電池ケース7を厚さ0.3朋のステンレス鋼で形
成し、アルミニウム層71Lをそれぞれ2〜18μmに
変化させたものについて、直径20H1高さ2ffの電
池を試作した。第2図は、これらの各電池について、8
0’Cの雰囲気で3力月保存した後の容量の劣化を測定
した結果である。なお、測定条件として、放電抵抗so
kΩ、20’C雰囲気中で行ない、保存前の電池の容量
に対する保存後の容量の減少の割合を容量劣化率どして
表わした。
Next, a battery having a diameter of 20H1 and a height of 2ff was fabricated using a battery case 7 made of stainless steel with a thickness of 0.3 mm and an aluminum layer 71L each having a thickness of 2 to 18 μm. Figure 2 shows that for each of these batteries, 8
These are the results of measuring capacity deterioration after being stored for three months in an atmosphere of 0'C. In addition, as a measurement condition, discharge resistance so
The test was carried out in a kΩ, 20'C atmosphere, and the ratio of the decrease in capacity after storage to the capacity of the battery before storage was expressed as the capacity deterioration rate.

第2図から明らかなように、アルミニウム層71Lの厚
さが10μm以下のものについては急激に劣化するが、
1oμm以上のものについては、はぼ−律に1係となっ
ている。これは、アルミニウム層7aの厚さが10μm
以下になると、アルミニウムm7aの組織不均一等によ
り、ステンレス鋼に電解液が接触し、電解液にステンレ
ス鋼が溶解するためである。したがって、アルミニウム
層71Lの厚さを1oμm以上にすることにより、高温
度雰囲気での電池保存後の電池の容量劣化をほぼ防止す
ることができる。
As is clear from FIG. 2, the aluminum layer 71L with a thickness of 10 μm or less deteriorates rapidly;
For those with a diameter of 1 μm or more, the ratio is generally 1. This means that the thickness of the aluminum layer 7a is 10 μm.
This is because if the temperature is below, the electrolytic solution comes into contact with the stainless steel due to the non-uniform structure of the aluminum m7a, and the stainless steel dissolves in the electrolytic solution. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the aluminum layer 71L to 1 μm or more, it is possible to substantially prevent the battery from deteriorating its capacity after being stored in a high-temperature atmosphere.

発明の効果 以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明は、電池ケース
の内面にアルミニウム層を設けるという簡単な構成で有
機電解液に対する電池ケースの耐食性を向上させること
ができ、信頼性の高い優れた有機電解液電池を提供する
ことができる。
Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention can improve the corrosion resistance of the battery case against organic electrolytes with a simple structure of providing an aluminum layer on the inner surface of the battery case, and is highly reliable. An organic electrolyte battery can be provided.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例における有機電解液電池の縦
断面図、第2図は同電池におけるアルミニウム層の厚さ
を変化させた場合の電池容量劣化率のグラフ、第3図は
従来の有機電解液電池の縦断面図である。 2・・・・・・正極、3・・・・・・セパレータ、4・
・・・・・負極、7・−・・・・電池ケース、7a・・
・・・アルミニウム層。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名フル
ミニラム層のJコ01纏) l−電池ケース 4−−一負抱 δ−町ロ版 6−一力゛ス勺リド ?!
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an organic electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a graph of the battery capacity deterioration rate when the thickness of the aluminum layer in the same battery is changed, and Fig. 3 is a graph of the conventional battery. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an organic electrolyte battery. 2...Positive electrode, 3...Separator, 4...
...Negative electrode, 7...Battery case, 7a...
...Aluminum layer. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao, and one other person Full Mini Ram layer J-co 01) l-Battery case 4--Ichibue δ-Town version 6-Ichiriki Suzuki Rido? !

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)軽金属を活物質とする負極と、正極と、前記両電
極間に介在させたセパレータと、前記正極と電気的に接
続された電池ケースとを備え、前記電池ケースの少なく
とも内面にアルミニウム層を設けた有機電解液電池。
(1) A negative electrode using a light metal as an active material, a positive electrode, a separator interposed between the two electrodes, and a battery case electrically connected to the positive electrode, with an aluminum layer on at least the inner surface of the battery case. An organic electrolyte battery equipped with
(2)アルミニウム層の厚さを10μm以上にした特許
請求の範囲第1項記載の有機電解液電池。
(2) The organic electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum layer has a thickness of 10 μm or more.
(3)電池ケースをステンレス鋼で形成した特許請求の
範囲第1項または第2項記載の有機電解液電池。
(3) The organic electrolyte battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the battery case is made of stainless steel.
JP62072438A 1987-03-26 1987-03-26 Organic electrolyte cell Pending JPS63237349A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62072438A JPS63237349A (en) 1987-03-26 1987-03-26 Organic electrolyte cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62072438A JPS63237349A (en) 1987-03-26 1987-03-26 Organic electrolyte cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63237349A true JPS63237349A (en) 1988-10-03

Family

ID=13489299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62072438A Pending JPS63237349A (en) 1987-03-26 1987-03-26 Organic electrolyte cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63237349A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013123067A (en) 2005-07-29 2013-06-20 Seiko Instruments Inc Electrochemical cell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013123067A (en) 2005-07-29 2013-06-20 Seiko Instruments Inc Electrochemical cell

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