JPS63227853A - Method and apparatus for producing fiber aggregate - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing fiber aggregateInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63227853A JPS63227853A JP62055799A JP5579987A JPS63227853A JP S63227853 A JPS63227853 A JP S63227853A JP 62055799 A JP62055799 A JP 62055799A JP 5579987 A JP5579987 A JP 5579987A JP S63227853 A JPS63227853 A JP S63227853A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- cylindrical space
- electrode
- fiber
- upright cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical class C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[Cl] Chemical compound [F].[Cl] HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、繊維集積体の製造方法並びに装置に係り、詳
しくは繊維の多くが円周接線方向に配向したとくに繊維
強化金属の製造に用いて好適な筒状の繊維集積体を得る
ための方法並びに装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a fiber aggregate, and more particularly, it relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a fiber aggregate, and more specifically, it is used in the production of fiber-reinforced metals in which most of the fibers are oriented in the circumferential tangential direction. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for obtaining a suitable cylindrical fiber aggregate.
［従来の技術］
従来、繊維強化金属の製造に使用される短Ｉ！維又はウ
ィスカ等の比較的短い１１１Ｍの集積体を得るために、
たとえば濾過膜を内張すした多孔円筒体内にＩＩ雑分散
液を供給し、遠心作用により濾液を飛散させて繊維の中
空集積体を成形するようにした遠心成形方法（特開昭６
０−６５２００号公報）や、シリンダ内に供給した繊維
分散液をプランジャで加圧する一方、下底部から濾過材
を介して濾液を積極排出するようにした吸引成形方法な
どが知られている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, short I! is used in the production of fiber reinforced metals. To obtain relatively short 111M aggregates such as fibers or whiskers,
For example, a centrifugal molding method (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 6-117) in which a II miscellaneous dispersion liquid is supplied into a porous cylinder lined with a filtration membrane, and the filtrate is scattered by centrifugal action to form a hollow aggregate of fibers.
0-65200) and a suction molding method in which a fiber dispersion supplied into a cylinder is pressurized with a plunger, and the filtrate is actively discharged from the bottom via a filter material.
しかし、上記の成形方法によって得られた繊維集積体は
、繊維の多くが二次元又は三次元方向に配向したもので
あって繊維の体積率が低く、特に５ｌｌＩ１強化金属の
狙いが強度の向上や“熱膨張の抑ＩＩＩにある場合には
、きわめて不満足な結果しか得られなかった。However, in the fiber aggregate obtained by the above molding method, most of the fibers are oriented in two-dimensional or three-dimensional directions, and the volume fraction of fibers is low. “Very unsatisfactory results were obtained when the thermal expansion was in the third range.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
本発明は、繊維の多くが一次元配向した繊維集積体を得
るために、誘で液体中に繊維を分散させたＩ！維懸濁液
を、正負電極間に形成された電界内に注入して該＄１１
１を静電配向させると同時に橋絡させ、同配向繊維を順
次沈降させて集積するという技術思想を基礎としている
。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In order to obtain a fiber aggregate in which most of the fibers are one-dimensionally oriented, the present invention is an I! The fiber suspension was injected into the electric field formed between the positive and negative electrodes.
It is based on the technical concept of electrostatically aligning fibers 1 and simultaneously bridging them, and sequentially sedimenting and accumulating the oriented fibers.
しかしながら、かかる基礎技術を工業的に実施する上で
生ずる問題も少なくはない。However, there are many problems that arise when implementing such basic technology industrially.
例えば平行配置された正負電極間に形成された電界内へ
繊維懸濁液を注入して咳ｍＨを静電配向させた場合には
、繊維の多くは一次元方向すなゎら直線方向に配向した
集積体が得られ、該集積体はそれなりにきわめて有用で
はある。ところが繊維強化金属の適用を希求されている
機能部品には円筒形状のものも少なくなく、上記直線配
向した繊維集積体ではこのような機能部品には好適に対
応できないという問題がある。For example, when a fiber suspension is injected into an electric field formed between positive and negative electrodes arranged in parallel to electrostatically orient the cough mH, most of the fibers are oriented in one dimension, that is, in a straight line. An aggregate is obtained, which is quite useful as such. However, many of the functional parts to which fiber-reinforced metals are applied are cylindrical, and there is a problem in that the linearly oriented fiber aggregates described above are not suitable for such functional parts.
本発明は、非連続繊維の多くが円周の接線方向に配向し
た円筒状のｌ！雄集積体を得ることを解決すべき技術課
題とするものである。The present invention provides a cylindrical l! in which most of the discontinuous fibers are oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference. The technical problem to be solved is to obtain male aggregates.
［問題点を解決するための手段］
本発明は上記課題解決のため、直立円筒状空間内の円周
の法線方向に交互に配された複数対の正負電極間に電界
を形成し、短繊維、ウィスカ等の非連続繊維を誘電液体
中に分散させたＩｌｌ懸濁液を上記電界内に注入して該
繊維を円周接線方向に静電配向させると同時にＮＩ！８
させ、同配向繊維を順次沈降させて集積するという基本
構成に加えて、上記電極を直立円筒状空間の中心線を軸
心として緩やかに回動させ、かつ該電極下端縁と、累積
繊維層との間隙を常に所定値に保つよう直立円筒状空間
の長手方向に対する電極位置を順次相対的に変位させる
という技術手段を講じている。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention forms an electric field between a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes arranged alternately in the normal direction of the circumference in an upright cylindrical space, and An Ill suspension in which discontinuous fibers such as fibers and whiskers are dispersed in a dielectric liquid is injected into the above electric field to electrostatically orient the fibers in the circumferential tangential direction, and at the same time NI! 8
In addition to the basic configuration in which the fibers with the same orientation are sequentially sedimented and accumulated, the electrode is gently rotated about the center line of the upright cylindrical space, and the lower edge of the electrode and the cumulative fiber layer are In order to keep the gap at a predetermined value at all times, a technical measure is taken in which the electrode positions are successively displaced relative to the longitudinal direction of the upright cylindrical space.
とくに本発明の重要な特徴は静電配向させるための電極
にあり、針状、網状若しくはこれらの組合せ形状となさ
れた電極は、直立円筒状空間内の円周の法線方向に配置
ｇれると同時に垂直方向に延在されており、その極数に
とくに制限はないが正Ｎ極と負電極の数が等しく、かつ
正Ｎ極と負電極が円周方向に交互に配設される。もっと
も好ましい形態は、直立円筒状空間が水平面内において
各電極により偶数等分されていることであり、換言すれ
ば電極で区画された各扇状断面空間の寸法がほぼ等しく
、これによって各区画域に形成される電界の強さがほぼ
均一となされることである。In particular, an important feature of the present invention is the electrode for electrostatic alignment, and when the electrode is shaped like a needle, a mesh, or a combination thereof, it is arranged in the normal direction of the circumference in an upright cylindrical space. At the same time, they extend in the vertical direction, and although the number of poles is not particularly limited, the number of positive north poles and negative electrodes is equal, and the positive north poles and negative electrodes are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The most preferable form is that the upright cylindrical space is divided into an even number of equal parts in the horizontal plane by each electrode. In other words, the dimensions of each fan-shaped cross-sectional space divided by the electrodes are approximately equal, so that each divided area is The strength of the electric field formed is to be substantially uniform.
上記Ｉ！極は直立円筒状空間内において配向繊維を分断
する形態で配設されるため、配向ａｙｓの離断を防ぎ、
かつ該電極付近の繊維の集溜によって生じ易い成形体の
密度斑を解消する意味から、これを連続又は間歇的に回
動させて水平面内における電極位置を流動的に変化させ
、同時に該回動電極の下端縁が順次集積する繊ｌ１ＩＩ
Ｉｌとは常に所定の間隙を保持して干渉を生じないよう
、該繊維層の累積高さに応じて直立円筒状空間内におけ
るＮ極位置を長手方向にも変位させるものである。なお
、上記電極の回動は一方向のみに限らず、所定の回動角
内でこれを正逆動させるようにしてもよく、また、上記
直立円筒状空間内における電極の長手方向の変位は、こ
れを直立円筒状空間自体の変位に置き換えることもでき
る。Above I! Since the poles are arranged in a form that divides the oriented fibers in the upright cylindrical space, separation of the oriented ays is prevented,
In addition, in order to eliminate density unevenness in the molded body that is likely to occur due to the accumulation of fibers near the electrode, the electrode position in the horizontal plane is fluidly changed by rotating it continuously or intermittently, and at the same time, the rotation Fibers l1II where the lower edge of the electrode is sequentially accumulated
Il is a device that displaces the N pole position in the upright cylindrical space in the longitudinal direction according to the cumulative height of the fiber layer so that a predetermined gap is always maintained and interference does not occur. Note that the rotation of the electrode is not limited to only one direction, but may be made to move forward and backward within a predetermined rotation angle, and the displacement of the electrode in the longitudinal direction within the upright cylindrical space is , this can also be replaced by the displacement of the upright cylindrical space itself.
上記正負電極の表面には導電性繊維の短絡を防ぎ、かつ
繊維懸濁液の乱流を抑制する隔膜が被装される。該隔膜
はこれをイオン交換膜とするのが好ましく、その場合、
正電極の表面には陰イオン交換膜が、負電極の表面には
陽イオン交換膜が被装される。これによって該陰イオン
交換膜が正電極側に発生する陽イオンのＩ維配向域への
透過侵入を阻止し、同様に該陽イオン交換膜が負電極側
に発生する陰イオンの繊維配向域への透過侵入を阻止す
るため、イオンに起因する繊維懸濁液の乱れは巧みに防
止される。The surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes are coated with a diaphragm that prevents short-circuiting of the conductive fibers and suppresses turbulent flow of the fiber suspension. The diaphragm is preferably an ion exchange membrane, in which case,
An anion exchange membrane is coated on the surface of the positive electrode, and a cation exchange membrane is coated on the surface of the negative electrode. As a result, the anion exchange membrane prevents cations generated on the positive electrode side from permeating into the I fiber orientation region, and similarly, the cation exchange membrane prevents anions generated on the negative electrode side from entering the fiber orientation region. Disturbance of the fiber suspension caused by ions is effectively prevented.
ＩＩ帷集積体の製造は、短繊維、ウィスカ等の繊維を誘
電液体中に分散させて繊維懸濁液とすることから始まる
。The production of the II cloth assembly begins with dispersing fibers such as short fibers, whiskers, etc. in a dielectric liquid to form a fiber suspension.
上記繊維として、短繊維及びウィスカの範晴に入るもの
のすべてを用いることができ、その径及び長さはとくに
限定されない。該繊゛維の材質としては、ｌ１ｌｆｔ懸
濁液として所定の電界内に注入された際、誘電液体中で
静電配向するものであればよく、例えば、アルミナ、シ
リカ、アルミナ−シリカ、ベリリヤ、炭素、炭化珪素、
窒化珪素、ガラスのほか各種金属等を使用することがで
きる。また、該繊維のうちちの２種以上を混合して使用
することもできる。As the above-mentioned fibers, all fibers that fall within the category of short fibers and whiskers can be used, and the diameter and length thereof are not particularly limited. The fibers may be made of any material that electrostatically aligns in a dielectric liquid when injected as a l1ft suspension into a predetermined electric field, such as alumina, silica, alumina-silica, beryllia, carbon, silicon carbide,
In addition to silicon nitride and glass, various metals can be used. Moreover, two or more types of these fibers can also be used as a mixture.
上記誘電液体とは、電圧の印加により誘電性を示す液体
をいい、これには四塩化炭素、フッ素塩素置換炭化水素
、ｎ−ヘキサン又はシクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。こ
れらの誘電液体のうち四塩化炭素がとくに好ましく、ま
た、フッ素塩素Ｍ換炭化水素は取扱い上、安全性の面で
優れている。The above-mentioned dielectric liquid refers to a liquid that exhibits dielectric properties upon application of voltage, and examples thereof include carbon tetrachloride, fluorochlorine-substituted hydrocarbons, n-hexane, and cyclohexane. Among these dielectric liquids, carbon tetrachloride is particularly preferred, and fluorine, chlorine, and M-converted hydrocarbons are superior in handling safety.
なお、該誘電液体中に繊維をなるべく均一に分散させる
には、通常界面活性剤特にノニオン系界面活性剤を適当
量添加することが望ましい。In order to disperse the fibers as uniformly as possible in the dielectric liquid, it is generally desirable to add a suitable amount of a surfactant, particularly a nonionic surfactant.
続いては直立円筒状空間内の円周の法線方向に交互に配
置され、かつ、連続又は間歇的に緩やかに回動せしめら
れる複数対の正負電極間に電界を形成し、上記繊維懸濁
液を該電界内に注入して、誘電液体中で個々の繊維をそ
の一端が正電極に他端が負電極に指向した円周接線方向
に配向させ、同時に橋絡をともなってこれを沈降させる
ことである。Next, an electric field is formed between multiple pairs of positive and negative electrodes that are alternately arranged in the normal direction of the circumference in the upright cylindrical space and rotated slowly continuously or intermittently, and the above-mentioned fiber suspension is generated. A liquid is injected into the electric field to orient the individual fibers in the dielectric liquid in a circumferential tangential direction with one end facing the positive electrode and the other end facing the negative electrode, while simultaneously causing them to settle with bridging. That's true.
正負電極間に電圧を印加して形成される上記電界の強さ
は、通常的０．５〜５ｋｖ／ｃｍで、これが０．２ｋｖ
／ｃＩ１１程度以下ではｍ雑の静電配向が十分でなく、
また１０ｋｖ／ｃｎ＋程度以上においては繊維懸濁液に
撹乱が生じて繊維の配向精度が劣化する。もつとも好ま
しい電界の強さは約１〜２ｋｖ／ｃｍである。なお、該
電界の強さは、使用繊維の種類、誘電液体の誘電特性及
び製造される繊維集積体の厚さなどにより、もつとも好
ましい値が設定される。電極の上記回動によって偏在す
ることなく均一に配向した繊維は順次橋絡沈降して直立
円筒状空間の下部に集積されるが、これが所望厚さに達
するまでの間上記繊維懸濁液の注入は続けられ、容器の
底壁からはほぼ等量の液の排出が行われる。この場合、
液の排出には注意が肝要で、液に力学的な乱れの生じな
い程度に流量を調節したうえで、自然流出若しくは吸引
排出させることが望ましい。上記流排出は直立円筒状空
間の下部に配設された濾過体を介して行うことが、流量
の調節ばかりでなく繊維の漏出や液の乱れを防止するう
えで効果的であり、該濾過体としてはたとえば多孔質セ
ラミックなどを使用することができる。The strength of the electric field formed by applying a voltage between the positive and negative electrodes is usually 0.5 to 5 kv/cm, which is 0.2 kv/cm.
/cI below about 11, m miscellaneous electrostatic orientation is not sufficient,
Further, at a temperature of about 10 kv/cn+ or more, the fiber suspension is disturbed and the fiber orientation accuracy deteriorates. The most preferred electric field strength is about 1 to 2 kv/cm. Note that the strength of the electric field is set to a preferable value depending on the type of fibers used, the dielectric properties of the dielectric liquid, the thickness of the fiber assembly to be manufactured, and the like. The fibers, which are uniformly oriented without being unevenly distributed due to the rotation of the electrode, are successively bridged and sedimented and accumulated at the bottom of the upright cylindrical space. continues, and approximately the same amount of liquid is drained from the bottom wall of the container. in this case,
It is important to be careful when discharging the liquid, and it is desirable to adjust the flow rate to an extent that does not cause mechanical disturbance to the liquid, and then allow it to drain naturally or by suction. It is effective to perform the above-mentioned flow discharge through a filter disposed at the bottom of the upright cylindrical space, not only to adjust the flow rate but also to prevent fiber leakage and liquid turbulence. For example, porous ceramic can be used.
なお、橋絡沈降して該濾過体上に集積された繊維層が回
動する電極の干渉によって撹乱されないよう、電極は繊
維層の累積高さに応じて昇動し、その下端縁は繊維層と
常に所定の間隙を保つようになされる。In addition, in order to prevent the fiber layer accumulated on the filter body through bridging sedimentation from being disturbed by the interference of the rotating electrode, the electrode moves up according to the cumulative height of the fiber layer, and the lower edge of the fiber layer is A predetermined gap is always maintained.
かくて集積を終え、残留誘電液体の排出除去をまって取
出された円筒状のＩＩＩ集積体は、円筒状に形成された
機能部品のＩＩ維強化金属用繊維成形体として供される
ものである。After the accumulation is completed and the residual dielectric liquid is discharged and removed, the cylindrical III aggregate is taken out, and is used as a fiber molded body for II fiber-reinforced metal of a cylindrical functional part. .
本発明方法の実施には、たとえば第１図及び第２図に模
式的に示すような装置が用いられる。図中１は外筒２を
有する有底容器で、該外筒２と同心的に配置された内筒
３がたとえば３個の脚３ａにより有底容器１の内底面上
に支持されており、上記外筒２と内筒３との間には繊維
配向域となる直立円筒状空間４が形成されている。直立
円筒状空間４内には該空間４を円周の法線方向に等分区
画するように配置され、かつ垂直方向に延在された２本
１組の針状の正電極５及び負電極６が、交互に複数対た
とえば各３組設けられている。該正及び負の各電極５．
６の基端は環状に形成された絶縁性の支持部材７中に埋
設され、該支持部材７は連接部材８及びプーリ９を介し
て回転駆動系と連結せしめられるとともに、一方では上
記円筒３と螺合１５することにより回動と同時に昇降動
も可能となされている。１０は直立円筒状空間４の下部
全域に配設されて実質的に該空間４の底壁を形成する濾
過体で、誘電液体１１中に分散した繊維は分極配向し、
かつ、橋絡沈降して該濾過体１０上に集積１２される。For carrying out the method of the invention, for example, an apparatus as schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used. In the figure, 1 is a bottomed container having an outer cylinder 2, and an inner cylinder 3 disposed concentrically with the outer cylinder 2 is supported on the inner bottom surface of the bottomed container 1 by, for example, three legs 3a. An upright cylindrical space 4 serving as a fiber orientation area is formed between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3. Inside the upright cylindrical space 4, a pair of needle-shaped positive electrodes 5 and a negative electrode are arranged so as to equally divide the space 4 in the normal direction of the circumference, and extend in the vertical direction. 6 are alternately provided in plural pairs, for example, three pairs each. Each of the positive and negative electrodes5.
The base end of the cylinder 3 is embedded in an annularly formed insulating support member 7, and the support member 7 is connected to a rotational drive system via a connecting member 8 and a pulley 9. By screwing together 15, it is possible to rotate and move up and down at the same time. Reference numeral 10 denotes a filter body disposed throughout the lower part of the upright cylindrical space 4 and substantially forming the bottom wall of the space 4, in which the fibers dispersed in the dielectric liquid 11 are polarized and oriented;
In addition, the particles are bridging and sedimented and accumulated 12 on the filter body 10.
そして正及び負の電極５．６の表面には陰及び陽のイオ
ン交換膜が被装されるとともに、合圧及び負の電極５．
６は該正負電極５．６間に所定の電界を形成する゛ため
の図示しない電圧印加装置と接続されている。なお、有
底容器１の底部には吸引装置とも連接可能な導ｖ！１１
３及びコック１４からなる排液手段が設けられている。The surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes 5.6 are coated with negative and positive ion exchange membranes, and the combined pressure and negative electrodes 5.6 are coated with negative and positive ion exchange membranes.
6 is connected to a voltage applying device (not shown) for forming a predetermined electric field between the positive and negative electrodes 5.6. Note that the bottom of the bottomed container 1 has a conductor that can be connected to a suction device. 11
3 and a cock 14 are provided.
［発明の効果］
本発明の繊維集積体の製造方法は、直立円筒状空間内の
円周の法線方向に交互に配された複数対の正負電極９間
に電界を形成し、短繊維、ウィスカ等の非連続繊維をＭ
’ｌｌ液体中に分散させたＩＩＩ［懸濁液を上記電界内
に注入して該繊維を円周接線方向に静電配向させ、これ
に沈降集積して筒状の繊維集積体を得るようにし、しか
も上記電極を直立円筒状空間内で回動させると同時に、
集積される繊維層の累積高さに応じてこれを長手方向に
も変位させるようにしたものであるから、本発明方法に
より得られた繊維集積体を円筒状に形成された機能部品
の繊維強化金属成形体として使用するとき、以下に列記
する優れた効果を奏する。[Effects of the Invention] The method for producing a fiber aggregate of the present invention forms an electric field between a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrodes 9 alternately arranged in the normal direction of the circumference in an upright cylindrical space, and produces short fibers, M for discontinuous fibers such as whiskers
A suspension of III dispersed in a liquid is injected into the electric field to electrostatically orient the fibers in the tangential direction of the circumference, and the fibers are sedimented and accumulated to obtain a cylindrical fiber aggregate. , Moreover, at the same time as rotating the above electrode within the upright cylindrical space,
Since the fiber layers are displaced in the longitudinal direction according to the cumulative height of the fiber layers, the fiber aggregate obtained by the method of the present invention can be used for fiber reinforcement of a functional component formed into a cylindrical shape. When used as a metal molded body, it exhibits the excellent effects listed below.
（１）繊維強化金属中の非連続繊維の多くが円周接線方
向に良好に配向し、しかも電極による配向ｍ雑の離断や
偏在がないため、同方向の応力も該ＩＩが十分に担受し
て強化金属の強度が大幅に向上するとともに、とくに繊
維配向と膨張方向とが一致するため、強化金属の熱膨張
を有効に抑制することができる。(1) Most of the discontinuous fibers in the fiber-reinforced metal are well oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference, and there is no separation or uneven distribution of the orientation caused by the electrodes, so the II can sufficiently bear the stress in the same direction. As a result, the strength of the reinforcing metal is greatly improved, and the thermal expansion of the reinforcing metal can be effectively suppressed, especially since the fiber orientation and the direction of expansion match.
（２）円周方向に巻回させた連続繊維による強化金属と
の比較において、連続繊維の場合は熱サイクルに弱く、
繊維とマトリックス金属とはその熱膨張差により剥離や
、ｓａｇの座屈を生じるが、円周接線方向に配向した非
連続繊維の場合は、上記両者の熱膨張による歪を繊維端
面付近のマトリックス金属が吸収するため、上記のよう
な欠陥は生起しない。(2) In comparison with reinforced metal made of continuous fibers wound in the circumferential direction, continuous fibers are more susceptible to heat cycles;
The difference in thermal expansion between the fibers and the matrix metal causes peeling and buckling of the sag, but in the case of discontinuous fibers oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference, the strain due to the thermal expansion of both is absorbed by the matrix metal near the fiber end face. , so the above defects do not occur.
（３）二次元又は三次元ランダムに配向した非連続繊維
による強化金属とは比較するまでもなく、上記応力方向
と繊維配向とが一致している円周接線方向配向繊維によ
るものが、強度、熱膨張のいずれの観点からも格段と優
れている。(3) There is no need to compare reinforced metals made of discontinuous fibers oriented two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally randomly, but the strength It is extremely superior in terms of thermal expansion.
さらに本発明の繊維集積体の製造装置は、直立円筒状空
間内の円周の法線方向に配置された電極を針状又は網状
として、円周接線方向に配向した繊維の該電極による離
断を極力防止するようにしたものであるから、繊維強化
金属の強度向上に一層顕著な効果を発揮する。Further, in the apparatus for producing a fiber aggregate of the present invention, the electrodes arranged in the normal direction of the circumference in the upright cylindrical space are needle-shaped or mesh-shaped, and the fibers oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference are separated by the electrodes. Since it is designed to prevent this as much as possible, it has an even more remarkable effect on improving the strength of fiber-reinforced metals.
［実施例］ 以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。[Example] The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.
（第１実施例）
第１図及び第２図に示す装置において、正負電極５．６
はそれぞれ直径２ＩＩｌの針状１ｉ１２本を１組として
交互に各３組等間隔に配置し、外筒２の内径は１００１
１ｍに設定した。(First Example) In the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the positive and negative electrodes 5.6
Each set consists of 12 needle-shaped 1i pieces each having a diameter of 2IIl, and each set of 3 sets is arranged at equal intervals, and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 2 is 1001
It was set to 1m.
そして、まず表面処理をしないアルミナ短繊維（平均繊
維径約３μｍ、平均ｔａ長１０〜５００μｍ）を、四塩
化炭素の誘電液体中にごく少量のノニオン系界面活性剤
とともに添加し、これらを撹拌して該繊維を分散させた
繊維懸濁液とした。First, short alumina fibers (average fiber diameter of about 3 μm, average ta length of 10 to 500 μm) without surface treatment were added to a carbon tetrachloride dielectric liquid along with a very small amount of nonionic surfactant, and these were stirred. A fiber suspension in which the fibers were dispersed was prepared.
上記装置の各正負電極に約ｉｋＶ／Ｃ１の電界を形成し
て、直立円筒状空間４の上方から全ての電極５．６問に
繊維懸濁液を注入した。An electric field of about ikV/C1 was created at each of the positive and negative electrodes of the above device, and the fiber suspension was injected into all 5.6 electrodes from above the upright cylindrical space 4.
注入された繊維は該誘電液体１１中で誘電分極して円周
接線方向に静電配向され、次いでその多くは橋絡を生じ
て質量を増し、円周接線方向の配向状態を保って沈降す
る。このときの電極５．６の回動速度は２ｒｐｍとした
。The injected fibers are dielectrically polarized in the dielectric liquid 11 and electrostatically oriented in the circumferential tangential direction, and then many of them form bridges to increase mass and settle while maintaining the circumferential tangential orientation. . The rotating speed of the electrode 5.6 at this time was 2 rpm.
上記配向橋絡繊維は、ｌ１ｌＩＩＩ！！濁液の注入と並
行して行われる導管１３からの濾液の排出によって順次
濾過体１０上に集積１２され、上記電極５．６は集積さ
れる繊維層の累！高さに応じてその下端縁が所定の間隙
を保つよう、内筒３と螺合１５する支持部材７のねじピ
ッチを２１１１１に設定した。The above-mentioned oriented bridging fiber is l1lIII! ! By discharging the filtrate from the conduit 13 in parallel with the injection of the suspension, the filtrate is accumulated 12 on the filter body 10, and the electrodes 5.6 are the layers of the accumulated fiber layers. The thread pitch of the support member 7 that is screwed into the inner cylinder 3 is set to 21111 so that a predetermined gap is maintained between the lower edges depending on the height.
かくて所定厚さく約１５１）の繊維集積体としたのち、
残存液を排出除去して取出される。After forming a fiber aggregate with a predetermined thickness of approximately 151),
The remaining liquid is drained and removed.
この４１帷集積体は円筒形状をなし、繊維の離断や偏在
がなく円周接線方向にきわめて均一良好に配向しており
、その内周部は外周部と比べて幾分繊維体積率が大きい
。しかし直立円筒状空１ｉＩ４の外周域により高温度の
繊維懸濁液を供給することにより、全体的にほぼ同等の
繊維体積率の集積体とすることもできる。This 41-thread aggregate has a cylindrical shape, and the fibers are not separated or unevenly distributed and are extremely uniformly oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference, and the inner periphery has a somewhat larger fiber volume percentage than the outer periphery. . However, by supplying a high-temperature fiber suspension to the outer peripheral region of the upright cylindrical cavity 1iI4, it is also possible to obtain an aggregate having approximately the same overall fiber volume percentage.
なお、本実施例では、直立円筒状空間４の下部全域に濾
過体１ｏを有するので、液の流排出にともなう乱流もほ
とんど生ぜず、繊維の多くがきわめて良好に円周接線方
向に配向された繊維集積体を製造できる。In this example, since the filter body 1o is provided in the entire lower part of the upright cylindrical space 4, there is almost no turbulence caused by the flow and discharge of the liquid, and most of the fibers are very well oriented in the tangential direction of the circumference. It is possible to produce a fiber aggregate.
このａ！雑集積体はこれを繊維強化金属用に供したとき
、該強化金属は円周法線方向の強度が一層高く、かつ熱
膨張が小さいことから、例えば各種ピストン等に有効に
利用できる。This a! When the miscellaneous aggregate is used as a fiber-reinforced metal, the reinforced metal has higher strength in the direction normal to the circumference and smaller thermal expansion, so it can be effectively used in various pistons, etc., for example.
（第２実施例）
本実施例は正負電極５．６を網状（＃４）として各２個
等間隔に配置し、誘電液体をフッ素塩素＋ａ換炭化水素
、繊維を炭化珪素ウィスカ（平均繊維径０．７μｍ、平
均繊維長５０μｍ）とし、さらに電界の強さを１．５ｋ
ｖ／ｃｍとした以外は第１実施例と同様の方法で繊維集
積体を製造した。(Second Example) In this example, two positive and negative electrodes 5.6 are arranged in a net shape (#4) at equal intervals, the dielectric liquid is fluorine chlorine + a-converted hydrocarbon, and the fibers are silicon carbide whiskers (average fiber diameter 0.7 μm, average fiber length 50 μm), and the electric field strength was 1.5 k.
A fiber assembly was manufactured in the same manner as in the first example except that the ratio was v/cm.
本実施例においてもＩＩの多くが良好に円周接線方向に
配向した繊維集積体が得られた。In this example as well, a fiber aggregate in which most of II was well oriented in the circumferential tangential direction was obtained.
第１図は本発明装置の実施例を模式的に示した断面図、
第２図は同一部省略平面図である。
１・・・有底容器 ２・・・外筒３・・・内筒
４・・・直立円筒状空間５・・・正電極
６・・・負電極７・・・支持部材 ９・・
・プーリ１０・・・濾過体 １３・・・導管１４
・・・コックFIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially omitted plan view. 1... Bottomed container 2... Outer cylinder 3... Inner cylinder
4... Upright cylindrical space 5... Positive electrode
6...Negative electrode 7...Supporting member 9...
・Pulley 10... Filter body 13... Conduit 14
···cock
Claims (5)
れた複数対の正負電極間に電界を形成し、短繊維、ウイ
スカ等の非連続繊維を誘電液体中に分散させた繊維懸濁
液を上記電界内に注入して該繊維を円周接線方向に静電
配向させると同時に橋絡させ、同配向繊維を順次沈降さ
せて集積するようにした繊維集積体の製造方法であって
、上記電極を直立円筒状空間の中心線を軸心として緩や
かに回動させ、かつ該電極下端縁と累積繊維層との間隙
を常に所定値に保つよう直立円筒状空間の長手方向に対
する電極位置を順次相対的に変位させることを特徴とす
る繊維集積体の製造方法。(1) An electric field is created between multiple pairs of positive and negative electrodes arranged alternately in the normal direction of the circumference in an upright cylindrical space, and discontinuous fibers such as short fibers and whiskers are dispersed in the dielectric liquid. A method for producing a fiber aggregate, in which a fiber suspension is injected into the electric field to electrostatically orient the fibers in the tangential direction of the circumference, and at the same time bridge the fibers, thereby sequentially settling and accumulating the oriented fibers. The electrode is rotated gently about the center line of the upright cylindrical space, and the electrode is rotated in the longitudinal direction of the upright cylindrical space so that the gap between the lower edge of the electrode and the accumulated fiber layer is always kept at a predetermined value. A method for producing a fiber assembly, characterized by sequentially and relatively displacing electrode positions.
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。(2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the electrode is a forward and reverse movement within a predetermined rotation angle.
間を形成した有底容器と、該直立円筒状空間内の円周の
法線方向に交互に複数対配置され、かつ垂直方向に延在
された針状の正及び負の電極と、該電極を直立円筒状空
間の中心線を軸心として回動させる手段と、該直立円筒
状空間の下部に配設された濾過体と、該濾過体上に集積
される繊維層の累積高さに応じて該電極を昇動させる手
段と、上記有底容器の底壁に設けられた排液手段と、上
記各電極に接続された電圧印加装置とからなる繊維集積
体の製造装置。(3) A bottomed container having an upright cylindrical space formed therebetween by concentric inner and outer cylinders, and a plurality of pairs arranged alternately in the normal direction of the circumference within the upright cylindrical space, and in the vertical direction. Extended needle-shaped positive and negative electrodes, means for rotating the electrodes about the center line of the upright cylindrical space, and a filter disposed at the bottom of the upright cylindrical space; means for raising the electrode according to the cumulative height of the fiber layer accumulated on the filter; a drain means provided on the bottom wall of the bottomed container; and a voltage connected to each of the electrodes. A fiber assembly manufacturing device comprising an application device.
極により偶数等分されている特許請求の範囲第３項記載
の装置。(4) The device according to claim 3, wherein the upright cylindrical space is divided into an even number of equal parts by each of the electrodes in a horizontal plane.
第３項又は第４項記載の装置。(5) The device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the electrode is formed in a mesh shape.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62055799A JPH0730497B2 (en) | 1987-03-11 | 1987-03-11 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fiber assembly |
| DE19873731823 DE3731823A1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1987-09-22 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FIBER UNIT AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| US07/099,900 US4874495A (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1987-09-22 | Apparatus for producing a fiber aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62055799A JPH0730497B2 (en) | 1987-03-11 | 1987-03-11 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fiber assembly |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63227853A true JPS63227853A (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| JPH0730497B2 JPH0730497B2 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
Family
ID=13008960
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62055799A Expired - Lifetime JPH0730497B2 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1987-03-11 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fiber assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0730497B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5059107A (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1991-10-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Apparatus for producing annular fiber aggregate |
| JP2002020991A (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Nsk Warner Kk | Method and apparatus for papermaking |
-
1987
- 1987-03-11 JP JP62055799A patent/JPH0730497B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5059107A (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1991-10-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Apparatus for producing annular fiber aggregate |
| JP2002020991A (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Nsk Warner Kk | Method and apparatus for papermaking |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0730497B2 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
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