JPS632054A - Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotography - Google Patents
Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotographyInfo
- Publication number
- JPS632054A JPS632054A JP14594886A JP14594886A JPS632054A JP S632054 A JPS632054 A JP S632054A JP 14594886 A JP14594886 A JP 14594886A JP 14594886 A JP14594886 A JP 14594886A JP S632054 A JPS632054 A JP S632054A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electric charge
- charge
- light
- wavelength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 27
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SXQCTESRRZBPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lissamine rhodamine Chemical compound [Na+].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1S([O-])(=O)=O SXQCTESRRZBPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 α-phenylstilbene compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1397023 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/043—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure
- G03G5/047—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure characterised by the charge-generation layers or charge transport layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0675—Azo dyes
- G03G5/0687—Trisazo dyes
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔技術分野〕
本発明は電子写真用感光体及びこの感光体を用いての電
子写真方法に関し、詳しくは、正帯電でのアナログ画像
形成、及び、負電帯でのデジタル画像形成が行なわれる
両極性画像形成法に適した積層型電子写真感光体及び方
法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor and an electrophotographic method using this photoreceptor, and more specifically, to analog image formation with a positive charge and digital image formation with a negative charge. The present invention relates to a laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor and method suitable for a bipolar image forming method in which images are formed.
近年、電子写真複写機の性能の向上はめざましく、良質
の画像が安定して得られるようになってきている。In recent years, the performance of electrophotographic copying machines has improved dramatically, and it has become possible to stably obtain high-quality images.
ところで、感光体に静電荷像を形成する手段としては、
−般に感光体上に一様の帯電を施した後、（ｉ）タング
ステン、ハロゲン、蛍光灯などの光源を用いて背景露光
を行ない静電荷像を形成する（アナログ画像形成法）と
、（ｉ）半導体レーザーなどの光源を用いてイメージ露
光を行ない静電荷像を形成する（デジタル画像形成法）
とが知られている。By the way, as a means of forming an electrostatic charge image on a photoreceptor,
- In general, after uniformly charging a photoreceptor, (i) background exposure is performed using a light source such as tungsten, halogen, or fluorescent light to form an electrostatic charge image (analog image forming method); i) Perform image exposure using a light source such as a semiconductor laser to form an electrostatic charge image (digital image forming method)
is known.
前者の（ｉ）は連続調ないし中間調の強調された画像を
得るのに特に有利であり、後者のいｉ）はネガが像又は
反転現像してポジの線画を得るのに特に有利な方法であ
る。しかしながら、複写機内にタングステン等及び半導
体レーザー等２種の光源を設けること自体は容易である
が、それら両光源に良好な感度をもち、同時に、どちら
の光源による画像形成法によっても良質のコピーが得ら
れる電子写真用感光体はいまだ開発されていないのが実
情である。The former method (i) is particularly advantageous for obtaining a continuous tone or halftone enhanced image, and the latter method (i) is particularly advantageous for obtaining a positive line drawing by developing a negative image or reversal. It is. However, although it is easy to install two types of light sources, such as tungsten and semiconductor lasers, in a copying machine, both of these light sources have good sensitivity, and at the same time, high-quality copies can be produced by the image forming method using either light source. The reality is that the resulting electrophotographic photoreceptor has not yet been developed.
本発明の第一の目的は前記のタングステン等を光源とし
たアナログ複写、半導体レーザー等を光源としたデジタ
ル複写が選択的に行なえる多機能性電子写真感光体及び
両極性電子写真法を提供するものである。本発明の第二
の目的は４００ｎｍ以上−般には４００〜８００ｎｍの
範囲にわたって感度を有しかつ正負両極性帯電が行なえ
る電子写真用感光体及びこの感光体を使用して鮮明なポ
ジ又はネガが画像を形成する方法を提供するものである
。A first object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional electrophotographic photoreceptor and a bipolar electrophotographic method that can selectively perform analog copying using the aforementioned tungsten or the like as a light source, or digital copying using a semiconductor laser or the like as a light source. It is something. A second object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor that has sensitivity over a range of 400 nm or more, generally from 400 to 800 nm, and can be charged in both positive and negative polarities, and that uses this photoreceptor to produce clear positive or negative images. provides a method for forming an image.
本発明の１つは、導電性支持体上に７００ｎｍ以上の波
長の光に感度を有する第一の電荷発生層が設けられ、こ
の第一電荷発生層上に電荷移動層が設けられ、更にこの
電荷移動層上に４００〜７００ｎｍの波長の光に感度を
有する第二の電荷発生層が設けられてなる積層型電子写
真用感光体である。 第１図は本発明に係る感光体の一
例の断面を示しており、中間層２は導電性支持体１と第
一電荷発生層３との間には適定設けれていてもよいもの
である。One of the present inventions is that a first charge generation layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 700 nm or more is provided on a conductive support, a charge transfer layer is provided on this first charge generation layer, and a charge transfer layer is further provided on the first charge generation layer. This is a laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor in which a second charge generation layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is provided on a charge transfer layer. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an example of a photoreceptor according to the present invention, and an intermediate layer 2 may be provided between the conductive support 1 and the first charge generation layer 3. be.
導電型支持体１にはアルミニウム、ニッケル、ステンレ
ス、銅などの金属の他、紙やプラスチックフィルムなど
の基体に導電処理を施したもの又は基体表面に導電層を
設けたものなどが例示できる。Examples of the conductive support 1 include metals such as aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, and copper, as well as substrates such as paper and plastic films subjected to conductive treatment, or substrates provided with a conductive layer on the surface of the substrate.
中間層２はポリアミド、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリア
クリル酸、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体などの樹
脂を０．１〜３μｍ厚に形成することにより、又は前記
樹脂に金属酸化物（Ｓｎ○、 、 Ｔ ｉ○ｚ ｒ Ｍ
ｇ○、Ｚｎ○など）の粉末を分散させたものを０．５
〜６μｍ厚に塗工することにより設けるこ′とができる
。The intermediate layer 2 is formed by forming a resin such as polyamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid, or styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer to a thickness of 0.1 to 3 μm, or by adding metal oxides (Sn○, T, etc.) to the resin. i○z r M
g○, Zn○, etc.) powder dispersed in 0.5
It can be provided by coating to a thickness of ~6 μm.
第一電荷発生層３は７００ｎ［Ｉ］以上の波長の光（例
えば７００〜８００ｎｍの範囲の波長の光）に感度を有
する層で、無金属フタロシアニン、金属フタロシアニン
、スクエアリック染料、アズレニウム染料、トリスアゾ
顔料などがここでの電荷発生物質として使用される。特
に本発明における第一電荷発生層３のための電荷発生物
質としては下記−船人（１）
（式中、Ａはカップラー残基を表わす）で示されるトリ
スアゾ顔料の使用が効果的である。このトリスアジ顔料
のいくつかの具体例をあげれば下記のとおりである。但
し、ここでは便宜上刃ップラー残基のみをあげることに
する。The first charge generation layer 3 is a layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 700n[I] or more (for example, light with a wavelength in the range of 700 to 800nm), and includes metal-free phthalocyanine, metal phthalocyanine, square dye, azulenium dye, trisazo Pigments and the like are used as charge generating materials here. Particularly, as the charge generating substance for the first charge generating layer 3 in the present invention, it is effective to use a trisazo pigment represented by the following formula - Funato (1) (wherein A represents a coupler residue). Some specific examples of this trisazide pigment are as follows. However, for the sake of convenience, only the blade Puller residue will be mentioned here.
（以下余白）
顔料＆−−−コし一一一 顔料鳳 −ｍ−Ｊ［−ｍ−
顔料ｋ −−−−Ａ−−−一 顔料地顔料血 −ｍ
−Ｊ［−ｍ−顔料血 −一−コＬ−−−顔料歯 −−
−−Ａ−一一一 顔料鬼 Ａｒ、）ｌ−
電荷発生物質は単独で用いるか又はこれを粉砕し微粒子
化しポリエステル、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネート、
ポリアクリレート、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリ酢酸ビ
ニル、エチルセルロースなどの樹脂に分散させて用いら
れる。支持体１又は中間層２上に形成されるこの第一電
荷発生ｐ！Ｉ３の厚さは０．０５〜３μｍ程度である。(Left below) Pigment &--- Koshiichiichi Pigment Ho -m-J[-m-
Pigment k ----A----1 Pigment base pigment blood -m
-J[-m-pigment blood -1-coL---pigment tooth --
--A-111 Pigment Oni Ar,)l- The charge generating substance can be used alone or it can be crushed into fine particles to produce polyester, polystyrene, polycarbonate,
It is used by dispersing it in resins such as polyacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl acetate, and ethyl cellulose. This first charge generation p! formed on the support 1 or the intermediate layer 2! The thickness of I3 is approximately 0.05 to 3 μm.
第一電荷発生層３中に占める電荷発生物質の量は１〜９
５重量％くらいである。The amount of the charge generating substance in the first charge generating layer 3 is 1 to 9.
It is about 5% by weight.
電荷移動層４は第一電荷発生層３上に形成される。この
Ｍ４はポリビニルカルバゾール、あるいはα−フェニル
スチルベン化合物（特開昭５８−１９８０４３号）、ヒ
ドラゾン化合物（特開昭５５−４６７６０号）などの電
荷輸送性物質を成膜性のある樹脂に溶解させて形成され
る。これは電荷輸送性物質が一般的に低分子量で、それ
自身では成膜性に乏しいためである。このような成膜性
樹脂としてはポリエステル、ポリサルホン、ポリカーボ
ネート、ポリメタクリル酸エステル類、ポリスチレンな
どが挙げられる。The charge transfer layer 4 is formed on the first charge generation layer 3 . This M4 is prepared by dissolving a charge transporting substance such as polyvinylcarbazole, α-phenylstilbene compound (JP-A-58-198043), or hydrazone compound (JP-A-55-46760) in a film-forming resin. It is formed. This is because the charge transporting substance generally has a low molecular weight and has poor film-forming properties by itself. Examples of such film-forming resins include polyester, polysulfone, polycarbonate, polymethacrylates, polystyrene, and the like.
電荷動層４の厚さは、 １０〜３０μｍ程度が適当であ
る。また、電荷輸送性物質の電荷移動層４中に占める割
合は２５〜６０重量％くらいである。The appropriate thickness of the charge dynamic layer 4 is about 10 to 30 μm. Further, the proportion of the charge transporting substance in the charge transfer layer 4 is about 25 to 60% by weight.
第２電荷発生層５には４００〜７００ｎｍの波長の光に
対し感度を有する電荷発生物質が使用されるにこでの電
荷発生物質としては１例えばシーアイピグメントブルー
２５（カラーインデックスＣＩ ２１１８０）、 シー
アイピグメントレッド４１ （ＣＩ２１２００）、シー
アイアシッドレッド５２（ＣＩ ４５１００）、シーア
イベーシックレッド３ （ＣＩ ４５２１０）、カルバ
ゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５３−９５０３３
号公報に記載）、 ジスチリルベンゼン骨格を有するア
ゾ顔料（特開昭５３−１３３４４５号公報に記載）、
トリフェニルアミン骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５３
−１３２３４７号公報に記載）、 ジベンゾチオフェン
骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−２１７５８号公報
に記載）、オキサジアゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特
開昭５４−１２７４２号公報に記載）、フルオレノン骨
格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−２２８３４号公報に
記載）、ビススチルベン骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭
５４−１７７３３号公報に記載）、ジスチリルオキサジ
アゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−２１２９
号公報に記載）、ジスチリルカルバゾール骨格を有する
アゾ顔料（特開昭５４−１４９６７号公報に記載）など
のアゾ顔料や、アルゴスカーレットＢ（バイエル社製）
、インダスレンスカーレットＲ（バイエル社製）などの
ペリレン系顔料などが挙げられる。なお、これの電荷発
生物質は単独で用いられても２種以上が併用されてもか
まわない。For the second charge generation layer 5, a charge generation substance sensitive to light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is used. Examples of charge generation substances in Japan include C.I. Pigment Blue 25 (Color Index CI 21180), C.I. Pigment Red 41 (CI21200), C.I. Acid Red 52 (CI 45100), C.I. Basic Red 3 (CI 45210), Azo Pigment with Carbazole Skeleton (JP-A-53-95033)
Azo pigments having a distyrylbenzene skeleton (described in JP-A-53-133445),
Azo pigment with triphenylamine skeleton (JP-A-53
-132347), azo pigments having a dibenzothiophene skeleton (described in JP-A-54-21758), azo pigments having an oxadiazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-12742), fluorenone Azo pigments having a skeleton (described in JP-A-54-22834), azo pigments having a bisstilbene skeleton (described in JP-A-54-17733), azo pigments having a distyryloxadiazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-17733), Kaisho 54-2129
Azo pigments such as azo pigments having a distyrylcarbazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-14967), and Argo Scarlet B (manufactured by Bayer AG)
, and perylene pigments such as Indus Thread Scarlet R (manufactured by Bayer AG). Note that these charge generating substances may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
これら第二電荷発生層５で用いられる電荷発生物質はポ
リエステル、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリア
クリレート、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリ酢酸ビニル、
エチルセルロース、ポリスルフォンなどの樹脂溶液中に
分散された後、電荷移動層４上に塗工されて第２電荷発
生層を形成する。第二電荷発生層５中に含まれるここで
の電荷発生物質の量は１〜８０重景％程度が適当である
。また、この第二電荷発生Ｆｙ１５の厚さは０．０５〜
３μｍくらいが好ましい。The charge generating materials used in the second charge generating layer 5 include polyester, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl acetate,
After being dispersed in a resin solution such as ethyl cellulose or polysulfone, it is coated on the charge transfer layer 4 to form a second charge generation layer. The amount of the charge generating substance contained in the second charge generating layer 5 is suitably about 1 to 80%. Moreover, the thickness of this second charge generation Fy15 is 0.05~
The thickness is preferably about 3 μm.
本発明に係る積層型電子写真感光体は上記のような構成
を採るものであるが、第二電荷発生層５上に保護層を設
けることもできる。ちなみに、本発明感光体は後に説明
される画像形成法（電子写真法）から理解されるように
、電荷移動層４はプラスキャリアの移動度がマイナスキ
ャリアの移動度に比べて格段に大きい、という性質をも
つものである。Although the laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has the above-described structure, a protective layer may be provided on the second charge generation layer 5. Incidentally, in the photoreceptor of the present invention, as will be understood from the image forming method (electrophotography) described later, the charge transfer layer 4 has a significantly higher mobility of positive carriers than that of negative carriers. It has properties.
次に、この感光体を用いての画像形成法についてタング
ステンなどの光源を用いた場合から説明を進める。まず
、感光体上に常法に従って一様の正帯電を施こす。感光
体表面なは正電荷、支持体と第一電荷発生層との界面に
は負電荷が存在する。これにタングステンなどの光源（
波長４００〜７００ｎｍの光源を通して画像露光（背景
露光）を行なう。この露光により第二電荷発生層５は光
を吸収しプラス（正極性）のキャリア、マイナス（負極
性）のキャリアを発生し、マイナスキャリアは感光体表
面の正電荷と中和し、−方、プラスキャリアは電荷移動
層４をとおり前記界面の負電荷と中和する。その結果、
感光体上には非露光部（画像部に相当する）に正電荷が
残って静電荷像が形成さる。これを負極性トナーで現像
すればポジ画像が得られる（正帯電でのアナログ複写）
。Next, an explanation will be given of an image forming method using this photoreceptor, starting with a case where a light source such as tungsten is used. First, a uniform positive charge is applied to the photoreceptor according to a conventional method. Positive charges exist on the surface of the photoreceptor, and negative charges exist at the interface between the support and the first charge generation layer. In addition to this, a light source such as tungsten (
Image exposure (background exposure) is performed through a light source with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm. Through this exposure, the second charge generation layer 5 absorbs light and generates positive (positive polarity) carriers and negative (negative polarity) carriers, and the negative carriers are neutralized with the positive charges on the surface of the photoreceptor. The positive carriers pass through the charge transfer layer 4 and neutralize the negative charges on the interface. the result,
Positive charges remain on the photoreceptor in non-exposed areas (corresponding to image areas), forming an electrostatic charge image. If this is developed with negative polarity toner, a positive image can be obtained (analog copying with positive charging)
.
一方、感光体上に常法に従って一様の負帯電を施して感
光体上には負電荷、支持体と第一電荷発生層との界面に
は正電荷を存在させる。これに半導体レーザーなどの光
源（波長７００ｎｍ以上 ゛の光源）を通して省像露光
（イメージ露光）を行なう。この露光により第一電荷発
生層３は光を吸収しプラスキャリア、マイナスキャリア
を発生し、マイナスキャリアは前記界面の正電荷と中和
し、−方、プラスキャリアは電荷移動層４をとおり感光
体表面の負電荷と中和する。その結果、感光体上には非
露光部（非画像部に相当する）に負電荷が残って静電荷
像が形成される。これを正極性トナーで現像すればネガ
画像が得られる（負帯電でのデジタル複写）。On the other hand, the photoreceptor is uniformly negatively charged in accordance with a conventional method so that negative charges are present on the photoreceptor and positive charges are present at the interface between the support and the first charge generation layer. Image-saving exposure (image exposure) is then performed using a light source such as a semiconductor laser (a light source with a wavelength of 700 nm or more). Through this exposure, the first charge generation layer 3 absorbs light and generates positive carriers and negative carriers, and the negative carriers are neutralized with the positive charges on the interface. Neutralizes negative charges on the surface. As a result, negative charges remain on the photoreceptor in non-exposed areas (corresponding to non-image areas), forming an electrostatic charge image. If this is developed with positive polarity toner, a negative image can be obtained (digital copying with negative charge).
このように、本発明方法は両極性画像形成法で任意にネ
ガ又はポジ画像を得ることが容易である。Thus, the method of the present invention makes it easy to arbitrarily obtain negative or positive images in bipolar imaging methods.
第一電荷発生層と第二電荷発生層との位置を入れかえ、
かつ、電荷移動層をマイナスキャリア移動度の大きなも
のとして上記と同様な正帯電−アナログ複写、負帯電−
デジタル複写を行なうことも考えられるが、この場合に
は、マイナスキャリアの移動度の大きい電荷移動層を形
成することが困難であることと、アナログ画線形成時、
第２の電荷発生層が光を吸収し感度を低下させる原因に
なり好ましくない。Swapping the positions of the first charge generation layer and the second charge generation layer,
In addition, positive charging similar to the above - analog copying, negative charging - is performed by using a charge transfer layer with large negative carrier mobility.
Digital copying may be considered, but in this case, it is difficult to form a charge transfer layer with high negative carrier mobility, and when forming analog prints,
This is not preferable because the second charge generation layer absorbs light and causes a decrease in sensitivity.
なお、二つの電荷発生層の間に電荷移動層を設けた積層
型電子写真感光体それ自体は例えば特開昭６０−２５０
３４８号、同６０−２５４０４６号、同６〇−２５００
４６号、同６０−２６３９４６号などの公報により知ら
れている。だが、これら両極性感光体は反転現像系とし
て用いられ、しかも２つの電荷発生層し特段の関係もな
いことから本発明のような画像形成は行ない得ないもの
である。Note that the laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor itself in which a charge transfer layer is provided between two charge generation layers is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-250.
No. 348, No. 60-254046, No. 60-2500
It is known from publications such as No. 46 and No. 60-263946. However, since these bipolar photoreceptors are used as a reversal development system and have two charge generation layers with no particular relationship, it is impossible to form images as in the present invention.
次に実施例を示す。Next, examples will be shown.
実施例１
６０φ３４０ ｍｍのアルミシリンダー上に下記中間層
形成液を浸漬法で
Ｔｉｅ、（石原産業社製タイベーク） ２ｇｒポ
リアミド樹脂（東し社製ＣＭ−８０００） ２
ｇｒメタノール ５０ｇｒの
混合物をボールミルで１２時間分散し調製した液を乾燥
後の膜厚が約２μｍになるように浸漬法で塗工し中間層
を形成した。−方。Example 1 Tie the following intermediate layer forming solution on a 60φ340 mm aluminum cylinder by dipping method (Tie Bake manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 2gr polyamide resin (CM-8000 manufactured by Toshisha Co., Ltd.) 2
An intermediate layer was formed by dispersing a mixture of 50 gr of gr methanol in a ball mill for 12 hours and applying the solution by dipping so that the film thickness after drying was approximately 2 μm. - direction.
シクロヘキサノン ３００ｇｒから
なる混合物をボールミルに仕込み、２４時間粉砕後メチ
ルエチルケトン（ＭＥＫ） ２００ｇｒでレットダウン
（希釈）して第１の電荷発生層形成液とした。A mixture consisting of 300 gr of cyclohexanone was charged into a ball mill, pulverized for 24 hours, and then let down (diluted) with 200 gr of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) to obtain a first charge generation layer forming liquid.
これを、中間層上に浸漬法で、乾燥後の膜厚が０．１μ
ｍになる様に塗工した。This was applied onto the intermediate layer by the dipping method until the film thickness after drying was 0.1 μm.
It was coated so that it became m.
次いで、下記組成からなる溶液を第一電荷発生層上に浸
漬法で塗工して約２０μｍ厚の電荷移動層を形成した。Next, a solution having the following composition was applied onto the first charge generation layer by a dipping method to form a charge transfer layer having a thickness of about 20 μm.
ポリカーボネート（音大社製Ｃ−１４００） ２００
ｇｒジクロルメタン ２０００ｇｒ
この電荷移動層上に
からなる混合物や４８時間ボールミルで粉砕後、さらに
ポリカーボネートの１０％シクロヘキサノン溶液を加え
再度２４時間分散した後、シクロヘキサノン：ＭＥＫ＝
１：１（重量）の混合溶媒６００ｇｒでレットダウンし
て調製した分散液をスプレー塗布し、乾燥して約１μｍ
厚の第２の電荷発生層を形成した。Polycarbonate (C-1400 manufactured by Ontaisha) 200
gr dichloromethane 2000gr
After pulverizing the mixture on this charge transfer layer in a ball mill for 48 hours, a 10% cyclohexanone solution of polycarbonate was added and dispersed again for 24 hours, and cyclohexanone:MEK=
A dispersion prepared by letdown with 600 gr of a 1:1 (by weight) mixed solvent was spray coated and dried to a thickness of about 1 μm.
A thick second charge generation layer was formed.
このようにして得た電子写真用感光体を第２図で示され
る複写機に内蔵してテストを行った。The thus obtained electrophotographic photoreceptor was installed in a copying machine shown in FIG. 2 and tested.
なお、第２図において、６は感光体、７は正帯電器、８
はハロゲンランプ、ハロゲンランプ、蛍光灯などの光源
を用いた露光部、９は負帯電器、１０は半導体レーザー
光源を用いた露光部、１１は現像部、１２は転写前露光
光源、１３は転写及び分離チャージ、１４は転写紙、１
５はクリーニング部、１６はクリーニングランプを示す
。In addition, in FIG. 2, 6 is a photoreceptor, 7 is a positive charger, and 8 is a photoreceptor.
1 is an exposure unit using a light source such as a halogen lamp, a halogen lamp, or a fluorescent lamp; 9 is a negative charger; 10 is an exposure unit using a semiconductor laser light source; 11 is a developing unit; 12 is a pre-transfer exposure light source; 13 is a transfer unit. and separation charge, 14 is transfer paper, 1
5 is a cleaning section, and 16 is a cleaning lamp.
正帯電によるアナログ画像を得るため、まず正帯電器７
に６ＫＶの電圧を印加して感光体６表面に８００ｖを帯
電させ、ハロゲンランプ光ｍ８で画像露光した後現像、
転写、クリーニングした。画像は鮮明なボデ画像であっ
た。−方、負帯電によるデジタル画像を得るために、負
帯電器で一６ＫＶの電圧を印加して感光体６表面に−８
００Ｖを帯電させ半導体レーザー光源で画像露光し現像
した後現像、転写、クリーニングした。その結果、ネガ
の鮮明なデジタル画像を得た。In order to obtain an analog image with positive charging, firstly, the positive charger 7
A voltage of 6 KV is applied to charge the surface of the photoreceptor 6 to 800 V, and after image exposure with halogen lamp light m8, development is performed.
Transferred and cleaned. The image was a clear image of the body. - On the other hand, in order to obtain a digital image by negative charging, a voltage of -6 KV is applied to the surface of the photoreceptor 6 by a negative charger.
The film was charged with 00V, imaged and exposed using a semiconductor laser light source, and then developed, transferred, and cleaned. As a result, a clear digital image of the negative was obtained.
実施例２
６０φ３４０ｍのアルミシリンダーに下記中間層形成液
を浸漬法で乾燥後の膜厚が約０．３５μｍになるように
塗工した。Example 2 The following intermediate layer forming solution was applied to an aluminum cylinder of 60 mm and 340 mm in diameter by a dipping method so that the film thickness after drying was about 0.35 μm.
ポリアミド樹脂（東し社製ＣＭ−８０００） ８０
ｇｒメタノール １３４４ｇｒ
ブタノール ５７６ｇｒこ
の中間層上に次いで第１の電荷発生層は下記処方液を乾
燥後の膜厚が約０．３μｍになるよう浸漬法で塗工した
。Polyamide resin (CM-8000 manufactured by Toshisha) 80
gr methanol 1344gr
Butanol 576 gr Next, on this intermediate layer, the first charge generation layer was coated by dipping the following formulation solution so that the film thickness after drying was about 0.3 μm.
Ｘ型無金属フタロシアニン ３０ｇｒをボー
ルミルで１２時間分散し、これにテトラヒドロフラン：
エチルセロソルブ＝１ ： ｌ（重量）の混合溶媒３０
０ｇを加えてさらに２時間分散して調製した分散液を浸
漬法で塗布し、乾燥して約０．３μｍ厚の第１の電荷発
生層形成液を形成した。30g of X-type metal-free phthalocyanine was dispersed in a ball mill for 12 hours, and tetrahydrofuran was added to it.
Ethyl cellosolve = 1: l (weight) mixed solvent 30
A dispersion solution prepared by adding 0g of the solution and further dispersing for 2 hours was applied by a dipping method and dried to form a first charge generation layer forming solution having a thickness of about 0.3 μm.
次いで、この第一電荷発生層に下記処方液を乾燥後の膜
厚が約２２μｍになるように浸漬法で塗工して電荷移動
層を設けた。Next, a charge transfer layer was provided by coating the first charge generation layer with the following formulation solution by a dipping method so that the film thickness after drying was about 22 μm.
２Ｈｓ
ポリカーボネート（音大社１ｉＩＪｃ−１４００）
１５０ｇｒテトラヒドロフラン ９１
０ｇｒシリコンオイル（信越化学社！ＫＦ−５０） ０
．０３ｇｒ更に、上記電荷移動層上に第２電荷発生層を
下記処方液をスプレー法で塗工した。2Hs polycarbonate (Ontaisha 1iIJc-1400)
150gr tetrahydrofuran 91
0gr silicone oil (Shin-Etsu Chemical! KF-50) 0
．． 03gr Furthermore, a second charge generation layer was coated on the above charge transfer layer using the following formulation solution by a spray method.
υ
シクロへキサノン ３００ｇｒをボ
ールミルで４８時間粉砕分散した後ポリスチレン（電気
化学社製ＨＲＭ）：ｌｏｇを加えシクロヘキサノン：Ｍ
ＥＫ＝１：１（重量）の混合溶媒４００ｇｒでレットダ
ウンした分散液をスプレー法で塗工し約１μｍ厚の第二
電荷発生層を形成した。υ After pulverizing and dispersing 300g of cyclohexanone in a ball mill for 48 hours, polystyrene (HRM manufactured by Denki Kagaku Co., Ltd.):log was added and cyclohexanone:M
A dispersion solution let down with 400 gr of a mixed solvent of EK=1:1 (by weight) was applied by spraying to form a second charge generation layer having a thickness of about 1 μm.
こうして作成した電子写真用感光体を使用して実施例１
と同様に画像出しを行った結果、ハロゲンランプ露光で
は鮮明なポジ画像、半導体レーザー露光では鮮明なネガ
画像が得られた。Example 1 Using the electrophotographic photoreceptor thus prepared
As a result of image formation in the same manner as above, a clear positive image was obtained with halogen lamp exposure, and a clear negative image was obtained with semiconductor laser exposure.
実施例３
実施例１と同様な支持体上にやはり同じ中間層を設けた
。この中間層上に
前記顔料Ｎα９ ３０ｇｒシク
ロへキサノン ３６０ｇｒからなる
混合物をボールミルで４８時間分散しこれをシクロヘキ
サノン：ＭＥＫ＝１：１（重量）の混合溶媒５００ｇｒ
でレットダウンして調製した分散液を浸漬法で塗工し、
約０．１５μｍ厚の第１の電荷発生層を形成した。Example 3 On a support similar to Example 1, the same intermediate layer was also provided. A mixture consisting of 30g of the pigment Nα9 and 360g of cyclohexanone was dispersed on this intermediate layer for 48 hours using a ball mill, and then mixed with 500g of a mixed solvent of cyclohexanone:MEK=1:1 (by weight).
The dispersion prepared by letdown is applied by dipping,
A first charge generation layer having a thickness of about 0.15 μm was formed.
次いで、この第一電荷発生層上に下記塗工液を浸漬法で
塗工して約２２μｍ厚の電荷移動層を形成した。Next, the following coating solution was applied onto the first charge generation layer by a dipping method to form a charge transfer layer having a thickness of about 22 μm.
中
ポリカーボネート（音大社ＩＣ−１４００） ２００
ｇｒジクロルメタン ２０００ｇｒ
さらに、上記電荷移動層上に実施例２におけるのと同じ
第２電荷発生層（約１μｍ厚）をスプレー法で形成した
電子写真用感光体を作成した。Medium polycarbonate (Ontaisha IC-1400) 200
gr dichloromethane 2000gr
Furthermore, an electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in which a second charge generation layer (about 1 μm thick) similar to that in Example 2 was formed on the charge transfer layer by a spray method.
この得られた感光体を実施例１と同様に複写機で画像出
しを行った結果、実施例１，２における画像よりも一層
鮮明なポジ及びネガ画像が得られた。Images of the obtained photoreceptor were produced using a copying machine in the same manner as in Example 1, and as a result, positive and negative images that were clearer than those in Examples 1 and 2 were obtained.
前記顔料Ｎα９の代りに前記顔料Ｎα３．Ｎα４又はＮ
α１２を用いた以外はまったく同様にして感光体を作成
し画像出しを行なったところ、いずれも実施例１，２に
おける画像よりも良質の画像が得られた。In place of the pigment Nα9, the pigment Nα3. Nα4 or N
When a photoreceptor was prepared in exactly the same manner except that α12 was used and images were produced, images of better quality than those in Examples 1 and 2 were obtained in both cases.
第１図は本発明に係る電子写真用感光体の代表例の断面
図、第２図はこの感光体を用いた複写機の一例を示す概
略図である。
１・・・支持体 ２・・・中間層３・・・第１の
電荷発生層 ４・・・電荷移動層５・・・第２の電荷
発生層 ６・・・感光体７・・；正電荷帯電器
９・・・負電荷帯電器
１０・・・露光部（半導体レーザー）
１１・・・現像部 １２・・・転写前露光１
３・・・転写・分離チャージ １４・・・転写紙１５・
・・クリーニング部
１６・・・クリーニングランプ
１１１・・・電 源FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a representative example of an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a copying machine using this photoreceptor. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Support 2... Intermediate layer 3... First charge generation layer 4... Charge transfer layer 5... Second charge generation layer 6... Photoreceptor 7...; Positive Charger 9... Negative charger 10... Exposure section (semiconductor laser) 11... Developing section 12... Pre-transfer exposure 1
3...Transfer/separation charge 14...Transfer paper 15.
...Cleaning section 16...Cleaning lamp 111...Power supply
Claims (1)
を有する電荷発生層を設け、更にこの上に電荷移動層、
４００〜７００ｎｍの波長の光に感度を有する電荷発生
層を順次設けたことを特徴とする積層型電子写真用感光
体。 ２、導電性支持体上に７００ｎｍ以上の波長の光に感度
を有する第一の電荷発生層、電荷移動層及び４００〜７
００ｎｍの波長の光に感度を有する第二の電荷発生層を
順次積層した感光体により画像形成を行なう方法におい
て、４００〜７００ｎｍの波長の光で画像露光するとき
は正電荷を印加し、７００ｎｍ以上の波長の光で画像露
光するときは負電荷を印加することを特徴とする電子写
真方法。[Claims] 1. A charge generation layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 700 nm or more is provided on a conductive support, and a charge transfer layer is further provided on this.
A laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized in that charge generation layers sensitive to light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm are successively provided. 2. A first charge generation layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 700 nm or more on a conductive support, a charge transfer layer, and 400-7
In a method of forming an image using a photoreceptor in which a second charge generation layer sensitive to light with a wavelength of 00 nm is sequentially laminated, when image exposure is performed with light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm, a positive charge is applied, and An electrophotographic method characterized by applying a negative charge when imagewise exposed with light having a wavelength of .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14594886A JPS632054A (en) | 1986-06-20 | 1986-06-20 | Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotography |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14594886A JPS632054A (en) | 1986-06-20 | 1986-06-20 | Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotography |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS632054A true JPS632054A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
Family
ID=15396742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14594886A Pending JPS632054A (en) | 1986-06-20 | 1986-06-20 | Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotography |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS632054A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02287366A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-11-27 | Canon Inc | Image forming method |
| JPH02287365A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-11-27 | Canon Inc | Image forming method |
| JPH03149570A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1991-06-26 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Image forming method and bipolar photosensitive body |
| JPH0414053A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-01-20 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Manufacture of electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JP2005070749A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-17 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic photoreceptor, and process cartridge and image forming apparatus using same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58203446A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1983-11-26 | ゼロツクス・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Bipolar photosensor |
-
1986
- 1986-06-20 JP JP14594886A patent/JPS632054A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58203446A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1983-11-26 | ゼロツクス・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Bipolar photosensor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02287366A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-11-27 | Canon Inc | Image forming method |
| JPH02287365A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-11-27 | Canon Inc | Image forming method |
| JPH03149570A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1991-06-26 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Image forming method and bipolar photosensitive body |
| JPH0414053A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-01-20 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Manufacture of electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JP2005070749A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-17 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic photoreceptor, and process cartridge and image forming apparatus using same |
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