JPS63182441A - String - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、芯糸の周囲に複数本の小径巻糸を巻層してな
るテニス用ガツトや楽器のストリング、或いは釣糸等に
使用される弦に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is used for tennis strings, musical instrument strings, fishing lines, etc., which are made by winding a plurality of small-diameter wound threads around a core thread. It's about strings.

（従来の技術とその問題点） 従来からこの種の弦、例えば、テニス用ガツトを製造す
る際に、芯糸に複数本の巻糸を巻付ける工程において、
特に、芯糸と巻糸との破断伸度の関係についての公知資
料は皆無であり、又、使用原糸及び仕上がり製品の伸度
に関しては、長年に亘る経験的な知見から、芯糸よりも
巻糸の直線引張破断伸度を大（数％〜１０数％）とする
ことにより、製品の結節破断強力と直線破断強力との間
にバランスのとれたガツト、さらには、結節破断強力に
バラツキの少ないガツトが得られるようであるとして、
長年、各メーカーにより特開昭６ｌ−２２ｓａ４ｏ０公
報に記載されているようにノーハウ的な立場でガツトの
製造が行われてきた。(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, when manufacturing strings of this type, for example, strings for tennis, in the process of winding multiple threads around a core thread,
In particular, there is no publicly known data on the relationship between the elongation at break between the core yarn and the winding yarn, and based on many years of experience, the elongation of the raw yarn used and the finished product is higher than that of the core yarn. By increasing the linear tensile elongation at break of the winding yarn (several % to 10%), the product has a well-balanced stiffness between knot breaking strength and straight breaking strength, and furthermore, the knot breaking strength can be varied. As it seems that you can get less guts,
For many years, various manufacturers have been manufacturing guts from a know-how standpoint, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-22SA4O0.

又、製品の直線引張破断伸度が少ないと耐久性や耐イン
パクト性が少ないようであるとの経験的立場から製造さ
れてきた。In addition, products have been manufactured based on the experience that if the linear tensile elongation at break is low, the durability and impact resistance are likely to be low.

このようなラケット用弦の具体的な製造方法について説
明すると、硬式テニス用弦を製造する場合、芯糸に対す
る巻糸の巻付けが１層巻のみの製品と、上下２層巻との
製品とがあるが、例えば、１層巻において、芯糸が直径
１．０５ｍｍ、直線引張破断伸度が約２５％、巻糸が直
径０．１６ｍｍ、直線引張破断伸度が約３５％のものを
用意し、芯糸を２〜３　ｋｇのボビンに巻回、或いはパ
ーン巻のものをそのまま巻付機に掛ける一方、巻糸は６
００〜２０００　ｇのボビン巻、或いはパーン巻のもの
から５０〜７０ｇ９−ノ小ボビンに巻直しくリワインデ
ィング）だのち、回転円盤上のスピンドルに保持させて
芯糸を長さ方向に繰り出しながら円盤の回転により巻糸
を芯糸に巻付けて製造している。この際、巻糸は６００
ｇとかそれ以上のボビンをそのまま円盤上に仕掛けると
、円盤が大型化して重量や遠心力により巻糸に張力が太
き（かかり、伸度の減少と伸度むらが生じる原因となる
。To explain the specific manufacturing method of such racket strings, when manufacturing hard tennis strings, there are two types of strings: one in which the winding thread is wound around the core thread in only one layer, and the other in which the winding thread is wound in two layers above and below. However, for example, in one layer winding, the core yarn has a diameter of 1.05 mm and the linear tensile elongation at break is about 25%, and the winding yarn has a diameter of 0.16 mm and the linear tensile elongation at break is about 35%. Then, the core thread is wound onto a 2-3 kg bobbin, or the pirn-wound thread is directly hung on the winding machine, while the thread is wound on a 2-3 kg bobbin.
00-2000 g bobbin winding or pirn winding is re-wound onto a 50-70 g 9-sized small bobbin (rewinding).Then, the core yarn is held on a spindle on a rotating disk and fed out in the length direction while being wound on a disk. It is manufactured by winding the winding thread around the core thread by rotating the core thread. At this time, the winding thread is 600
If a bobbin with a weight of 1.5 g or more is placed on a disk as it is, the disk will become large and the weight and centrifugal force will increase the tension on the winding thread, causing a decrease in elongation and uneven elongation.

このため前述したように、５０〜７０ｇの小ボビンに巻
糸を巻直したのち芯糸に巻付けを行っている。For this reason, as described above, the winding yarn is re-wound onto a small bobbin of 50 to 70 g and then wound around the core yarn.

この巻直しの時に巻取機を使用するが、通常の巻取機で
は張力の調整を充分に管理することが困難であり、小ボ
ビンに巻取った巻糸は伸度の減少とバラツキの増大をき
たすことになる。A winding machine is used for this rewinding, but with a normal winding machine it is difficult to adequately control the tension, and the thread wound on a small bobbin has a decrease in elongation and an increase in variation. This will cause

この伸度のバラツキは、巻直し前の原糸の伸度σ／平均
値＝８〜１０％が１５〜２０％にも増大することになっ
て直線破断強力や結節破断強力に大きな影響を与えるも
のである。This variation in elongation increases the elongation σ/average value of the yarn before rewinding from 8 to 10% to 15 to 20%, which has a large effect on the straight-line breaking strength and knot breaking strength. It is something.

このため従来から、原糸の伸度のバラツキ増大や伸度の
減少を見込んで、予め、芯糸の伸度（約２５％）に対し
て３５〜５０％と過大に伸度を多く取って巻返している
のが現状であり、このような粗放的管理では、弦の強伸
度的品質において大きな損失である。For this reason, in the past, the elongation was increased by 35 to 50% of the elongation of the core yarn (approximately 25%) in anticipation of an increase in variation in elongation or a decrease in elongation of the raw yarn. The current situation is that the string is wound back, and such extensive management results in a large loss in the strength and elongation quality of the string.

本発明はこのような問題点を解消した弦の提供を目的と
するものである。The object of the present invention is to provide a string that solves these problems.

（問題点を解決するための手段） 上記目的を達成するために、本発明の弦は、合成ポリマ
ーを素材とするモノフィラメントよりなる芯糸と巻糸と
より構成した弦であって、芯糸の直線引張破断伸度と巻
糸の直線引張破断伸度とが略等しくなるように芯糸の周
囲の複数本の巻糸を巻着してなることを特徴とするもの
である。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the string of the present invention is a string composed of a core yarn and a wound yarn made of a monofilament made of a synthetic polymer, the core yarn being It is characterized in that a plurality of yarns are wound around a core yarn so that the linear tensile elongation at break and the linear tensile elongation at break of the wound yarn are approximately equal.

（作　　　用） 芯糸と巻糸との直線引張破断伸度を同一にした弦は、直
線破断強力並びに結節破断強力が良好で且つバラツキも
少なく、しかも、その標準偏差σが小さくて直線破断強
力に対する結節破断強力は６０％以上となり、安定した
性能を発揮するものである。(Function) A string in which the core thread and the winding thread have the same linear tensile breaking elongation has good linear breaking strength and knot breaking strength, with little variation, and the standard deviation σ is small, resulting in good linear breaking strength. The nodule breaking strength is 60% or more, demonstrating stable performance.

（実　施　例） 次に本発明の実施例を図面について説明すると、第１図
において、（１）は芯糸、（２）は芯糸（１）の周囲に
巻着した複数本の下巻糸、（３）はこの下巻系（２）の
周囲に巻着した複数本の上巻糸で、いずれも、ポリアミ
ド繊維、ポリエステル繊維等の合成繊維のモノフィラメ
ントよりなり、芯糸（１）と巻糸（２１（３）とは同一
又は異種の素材のモノフィラメントを使用してもよい。(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 1, (1) is a core yarn, and (2) is a plurality of lower winding yarns wound around the core yarn (1). , (3) are a plurality of upper winding threads wound around the lower winding system (2), all of which are made of monofilament of synthetic fibers such as polyamide fibers and polyester fibers, and the core thread (1) and the winding thread ( A monofilament made of the same or different material as in 21(3) may be used.

この芯糸（１）と巻糸（２１（３１とはその直線引張破
断伸度が略同じであり、しかも、第５図に示すように芯
糸（１）の中心軸線（ａ）に対する巻糸（２１（３１の
巻付角度は、ｃｏｓｅｃθの真数で２．５〜９の範囲内
で巻付けられている。The core yarn (1) and the winding yarn (21 (31) have approximately the same linear tensile elongation at break, and as shown in FIG. (21 (The winding angle of 31 is within the range of 2.5 to 9 in the antilog of cosecθ.

このような弦を得るには、前述したような弦の製造工程
において、６００〜２０００　ｇのボビン巻、又はバー
ン巻の巻糸を５０〜７０ｇ巻の小ボビンに巻直しくリワ
インディング）する際に、送り側ボビン即ち、６００〜
２０００　ｇのボビン巻又はバーン巻に抵抗が掛からな
いように送糸装置を付けて小ボビンには巻返し前後の巻
糸の伸度や糸質に殆ど影響のないようにした状態で行う
。この際、送り側ボビンを回転させずに立てた状態で巻
糸を巻返すと巻糸の張力は余り掛からないが撚りが係る
状態となって送糸の均一性にも安定性を欠くため、送り
側ボビンを回転させて巻返す方が好ましい。In order to obtain such a string, in the string manufacturing process as described above, when rewinding a 600 to 2000 g bobbin winding or burn winding thread to a 50 to 70 g small bobbin (rewinding). , the feed side bobbin, that is, 600~
A yarn feeding device is attached to the 2000 g bobbin winding or burn winding so that no resistance is applied, and the elongation and yarn quality of the wound yarn before and after rewinding are hardly affected for the small bobbin. At this time, if the thread is rewound with the feeding bobbin standing upright without rotating, the thread will not be under much tension, but will be twisted and the uniformity of thread feeding will be unstable. It is preferable to rotate the feeding bobbin and rewind it.

こうして、送り側ボビンに巻回された巻糸を、その直線
引張破断伸度を殆ど変化させることなく小ボビンに巻取
り、芯糸の直線引張破断伸度（約２５％）と殆ど同じ直
線引張破断伸度にしたのち、常法通り芯糸の周囲に回転
円盤上の複数個のスピンドルに保持させた小ボビンから
巻糸を巻付けて弦を製造するものである。In this way, the wound yarn wound on the feed side bobbin is wound onto a small bobbin without changing its linear tensile elongation at break, and the linear tensile elongation at break is almost the same as the linear tensile elongation at break (approximately 25%) of the core yarn. After reaching the elongation at break, strings are manufactured by winding yarn around the core yarn in the usual manner from small bobbins held by a plurality of spindles on a rotating disk.

芯糸と巻糸との直線引張破断伸度を約２５％とした理由
を次に述べると、第３図に示すように、糸の延伸倍率が
大きくなれば、直線破断強力も結節破断強力（第２図に
弦を結節した状態を示す）も増大するが、結節破断強力
は直線破断強力よりも早い目に降伏点が現れる。これは
延伸倍率の増大と共に直線引張破断伸度が低下してくる
ためで、この直線破断強力は結節破断強力との妥協点が
原糸としての最大効率点であり、それが芯糸、巻糸共に
直線引張破断伸度が２５〜３０％−付近に存在するので
ある。The reason why the linear tensile elongation at break of the core yarn and the winding yarn is set to approximately 25% is as follows: As shown in Figure 3, as the stretching ratio of the yarn increases, the linear break strength and knot break strength ( (Figure 2 shows the string in a knotted state) also increases, but the knot breaking strength reaches its yield point earlier than the straight breaking strength. This is because the linear tensile breaking elongation decreases as the drawing ratio increases, and the compromise between this linear breaking strength and knot breaking strength is the point of maximum efficiency as a raw yarn, and this is the point of maximum efficiency as a raw yarn. In both cases, the linear tensile elongation at break is around 25 to 30%.

一方、モノフィラメントの直径−強度−伸度の関係につ
いて説明すると、細い糸は太い糸よりも定荷重において
歪みが大きい。これを、第４図に基づいて説明すると、
ポリアミドモノフィラメントの１号糸（約２２０デニー
ル、直径０．１６５ｍｍ）と３号糸（約３６０デニール
、直径０．２８５ｍｍ）とを比較した場合、同等の直線
引張破断伸度として３０％になるように同一素材で延伸
配向したものについて見るに、１　ｋｇの引張応力に対
する歪みは、３号糸は約１０％、１号糸は約２０％であ
って、細い糸の方が同一荷重では伸び易い。これは、芯
糸（硬式テニスでは直径約０．８ｍｍ　、バドミントン
では約０．５２ｍｍ）と巻糸（直径約０．１４〜０．１
８ｍｍ）　とのように、直径に数倍の差があると、固有
の歪みに可成りの差がある。従って、ガツトの製造時に
巻糸に過大な伸度を与える必要はないものである。On the other hand, to explain the relationship between diameter-strength-elongation of a monofilament, a thin thread has a larger strain under a constant load than a thick thread. To explain this based on Figure 4,
When comparing polyamide monofilament No. 1 yarn (approximately 220 denier, diameter 0.165 mm) and No. 3 yarn (approximately 360 denier, diameter 0.285 mm), the equivalent linear tensile elongation at break is 30%. Looking at the same material stretched and oriented, the strain against a tensile stress of 1 kg is approximately 10% for No. 3 yarn and approximately 20% for No. 1 yarn, with thinner yarns being easier to stretch under the same load. This consists of a core thread (about 0.8 mm in diameter for tennis and about 0.52 mm for badminton) and a winding thread (about 0.14 to 0.1 mm in diameter for badminton).
If the diameter differs by several times, such as 8mm), there will be a considerable difference in the inherent distortion. Therefore, there is no need to give excessive elongation to the yarn when manufacturing the string.

他方、芯糸に対する巻糸の伸度を前述したように、従来
の弦よりも少なくすることができる他の要因として、芯
糸に対する巻糸の巻付は角度を集約的に管理する点があ
り、こうすることによって製品の強伸度を効率的に且つ
安定的にすることができる。On the other hand, as mentioned above, another factor that allows the elongation of the winding thread relative to the core thread to be less than that of conventional strings is that the winding angle of the winding thread around the core thread is intensively controlled. By doing so, the strength and elongation of the product can be made efficient and stable.

今、第５図において、ｄ＝巻糸の直径、！−巻糸を通る
中心軸線方向の長さ、θ−巻系と中心軸線との角度とす
ると、Ｉｔ　／　ｄ　＝ｃｏｓｅｃ　θで表される。Now, in Fig. 5, d=diameter of the winding thread,! - Length in the central axis direction passing through the winding thread, θ - Angle between the winding system and the central axis, It/d = cosec θ.

この弐において、前記目的を達成するには、硬式テニス
の弦においては、 １層巻は、ｃｏｓｅｃθ＝５Ａ′４゜ ２層巻は、ｃｏｓｅｃθ＝４〜３であり、バドミントン
の弦においては、 １層巻でｃｏｓｅｃθ＝６〜５である。In this second part, to achieve the above objective, for hard tennis strings, one-layer winding is cosec θ = 5A'4°, two-layer winding is cosec θ = 4 to 3, and for badminton strings, 1 Cosecθ=6 to 5 in layered winding.

さらに、他の弦における芯糸に対する巻糸の巻付角度を
勘案した場合、ｃｏｓｅｃθ＝２．５〜９の範囲が望ま
しい。Furthermore, when the winding angle of the winding thread with respect to the core thread in other strings is taken into consideration, cosec θ is preferably in the range of 2.5 to 9.

又、芯糸の巻糸との直径の相対値にもよるが、硬式テニ
ス用の弦よりもバドミントン用の弦の方が芯糸の直径の
相対値が小さいので、芯糸と巻糸との伸度差が少ない場
合には、巻糸の巻付は角度（ｃｏｓｅｃθ）を小さくす
ることができる。Also, although it depends on the relative value of the diameter of the core thread to the winding thread, the relative value of the diameter of the core thread to the winding thread is smaller for badminton strings than for tennis strings, so the relationship between the core thread and the winding thread is smaller. When the difference in elongation is small, the winding angle (cosecθ) of the thread can be made small.

次に、本発明実施例の弦と従来の弦との物性の比較を表
示する。Next, a comparison of physical properties between the string of the embodiment of the present invention and a conventional string will be shown.

第　　１　　表 第２表 上記表において、第２表は伸度を芯糸〈下巻糸く上巻糸
とした従来の弦で、原糸の伸度のみの管理にだけに頼っ
て製造したものであり、その直線破断強力、結節破断強
力の損失が大きいものである。Table 1 Table 2 In the above table, Table 2 shows the elongation of conventional strings in which the core yarn, lower wound yarn, and upper wound yarn were used, which were manufactured by relying only on controlling the elongation of the raw yarn. , the loss of linear breaking strength and knot breaking strength is large.

これに対して、第１表のように、芯糸に対して巻糸を巻
付ける工程の直前における巻糸の伸度を芯糸と略同等に
管理した本発明実施例の弦によれば、直線破断強力及び
結節破断強力が良くて且つバラツキも少なく、その標準
偏差σは小さくて直線破断強力に対する結節破断強力は
６０％以上であり、安定してバランスの取れた弦である
ことが理解できる。On the other hand, as shown in Table 1, according to the string of the present invention, in which the elongation of the winding thread immediately before the process of winding the winding thread around the core thread is managed to be approximately equal to that of the core thread, It can be seen that the string has good linear breaking strength and knot breaking strength, with little variation, and its standard deviation σ is small, and the knot breaking strength is more than 60% of the straight breaking strength, so it can be seen that it is a stable and well-balanced string. .

なお、伸度測定値はσの工程管理限界内で行われる。Note that elongation measurements are made within process control limits of σ.

第３表は、芯糸に対する巻糸の巻付は角度の異なる３種
の弦の物性を示すもので、表中、実験例１は第１表に示
した本発明実施例の弦である。Table 3 shows the physical properties of three types of strings in which the winding angle of the winding thread around the core thread differs; in the table, Experimental Example 1 is the string of the present invention example shown in Table 1.

実験例２の弦は、芯糸の中心軸線に対する巻糸の巻付は
角度が大きい弦を示すもので、その直線破断強力は大き
いが、結節破断強力が小さくて結節のびも大きい。又、
実験例３は芯糸の中心軸線に対する巻糸の巻付は角度が
小さい弦を示すもので、芯糸と巻糸との間に強力の出る
ピークがずれて、芯糸と巻糸との強力の出方が一致せず
、直線破断強力が大きく損失し、結節破断強力も出難い
ものである。The string of Experimental Example 2 exhibits a string in which the winding angle of the winding yarn is large with respect to the central axis of the core yarn, and its linear breaking strength is large, but its knot breaking strength is small and its knot length is large. or,
Experimental example 3 shows a string in which the angle of winding of the winding thread around the central axis of the core thread is small, and the peak of strength between the core thread and the winding thread is shifted, and the strength of the winding thread between the core thread and the winding thread is shifted. The results do not match, resulting in a large loss of straight-line breaking strength and difficulty in knot-breaking strength.

第３表 （発明の効果） 以上のように本発明の弦によれば、芯糸と巻糸との直線
引張破断伸度を同一にしているので、直線破断強力並び
に結節破断強力が良好で且つバラツキも少な（、しかも
、その標準偏差σが小さくて直線破断強力に対する結節
破断強力は６０％以上となり、安定した性能を発揮する
ものである。Table 3 (Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the string of the present invention, since the core thread and the winding thread have the same linear tensile elongation at break, the straight break strength and knot break strength are good. There is little variation (in addition, the standard deviation σ is small, and the knot breaking strength is 60% or more compared to the straight breaking strength), demonstrating stable performance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明の実施例を示すもので、第１図は弦の一部
切欠拡大側面図、第２図は弦を結節した状態の斜視図、
第３図はモノフィラメントの配向度によるストレス−ス
トレイン線図、第４図はモノフィラメントの強伸度曲線
図、第５図は芯糸に対する巻糸の巻付は角度の説明図で
ある。 ＋１＋・・・芯糸、（２１（３）・・・巻糸。 ッベ　　ｌ　　偽 盃 さべ　５　ハ 七べ　４　の 七ぺ　５６ベ （自鋤手続補正書The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway enlarged side view of a string, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the string in a knotted state;
FIG. 3 is a stress-strain diagram depending on the degree of orientation of the monofilament, FIG. 4 is a strength-elongation curve diagram of the monofilament, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the winding angle of the winding yarn around the core yarn. +1+...core thread, (21(3)...winding thread. bbe l fake sake cup 5 ha7be 4 no 7pe 56be (self plow procedure amendment form)

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）、合成ポリマーを素材とするモノフィラメントよ
りなる芯糸と巻糸とより構成した弦であって、芯糸の直
線引張破断伸度と巻糸の直線引張破断伸度とが略等しく
なるように芯糸の周囲の複数本の巻糸を巻着してなる弦
。(1) A string composed of a core yarn made of monofilament made of synthetic polymer and a wound yarn, in which the linear tensile elongation at break of the core yarn and the linear tensile elongation at break of the wound yarn are approximately equal. A string made by wrapping multiple threads around a core thread. （２）、芯糸と巻糸とは同一又は異質の合成ポリマーを
素材とするモノフィラメントよりなることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の弦。(2) The string according to claim 1, wherein the core thread and the winding thread are made of monofilament made of the same or different synthetic polymers. （３）、芯糸の中軸線に対する巻糸の巻付角度が、ｃｏ
ｓｅｃθの真数で２．５〜９の範囲内であることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の弦。(3) The winding angle of the winding yarn with respect to the center axis of the core yarn is co
The string according to claim 1, characterized in that the antilogous number of secθ is within the range of 2.5 to 9. （４）、芯糸の周囲に複数本の巻糸を上下２層に巻着さ
れた弦においては、上巻糸の直径を下巻糸よりもやや小
に形成していることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の弦。(4) A patent claim characterized in that in a string in which a plurality of threads are wound around a core thread in upper and lower layers, the diameter of the upper thread is slightly smaller than that of the lower thread. The string described in the range 1 above.